CN111740453B - Network source steady state reactive power coordination control method for improving transient voltage stability level - Google Patents

Network source steady state reactive power coordination control method for improving transient voltage stability level Download PDF

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CN111740453B
CN111740453B CN202010703464.4A CN202010703464A CN111740453B CN 111740453 B CN111740453 B CN 111740453B CN 202010703464 A CN202010703464 A CN 202010703464A CN 111740453 B CN111740453 B CN 111740453B
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reactive
voltage
power
reactive power
power plant
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CN111740453A (en
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陈波
熊华强
舒展
李升健
程思萌
陶翔
汪硕承
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/16—Electric power substations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/22—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/40—Display of information, e.g. of data or controls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic voltage control of an electric power system, in particular to a network source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving the transient voltage stability level, which is based on a soft partition three-level voltage control framework, wherein the three-level voltage control directly gives a lower voltage value in an operation allowable range as a central bus voltage reference value, the secondary voltage control collects the actual central bus voltage value in each area in real time, the difference between the actual central bus voltage value and the central bus voltage reference value is used as input to obtain the high-voltage side bus voltage reference value of each power plant, an AVC (automatic voltage control) substation of the power plant sets a set steady-state reactive power output range, and if the set reactive power regulation capacity is, and if the regulating capacity is insufficient, the unit outputs the maximum steady-state reactive output, and the secondary voltage control is executed according to a transformer substation capacitance reactance switching strategy in the reactive shortage generation area. The invention can increase the reactive compensation ratio of the generator and reduce the reactive compensation ratio of the capacitor.

Description

Network source steady state reactive power coordination control method for improving transient voltage stability level
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic voltage control of an electric power system, in particular to a network source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving the transient voltage stability level.
Background
The scale of an extra-high voltage direct current access power grid is continuously increased, the power electronic characteristics of a power system are more obvious, the damping level and the voltage stability level of the system are weakened, and the direct current commutation failure is easily caused by the fault of an alternating current system, so that the huge fluctuation of the active power and the reactive power of the power grid is caused. For a weak direct current receiving end power grid, the voltage stability problem under large disturbance impact is a main reason for restricting direct current power transmission and consumption, and how to improve the voltage stability level of the direct current receiving end power grid becomes a focus and key point of attention of the current alternating current and direct current hybrid power grid.
In order to reduce the adverse effect of the extra-high voltage direct current on the voltage stability level of the system, a large-capacity synchronous phase modulator or a static reactive compensator is usually constructed for the direct current transmission project, and the dynamic reactive power supporting capability of the system is enhanced by using the fast reactive power output characteristic of the synchronous phase modulator or the static reactive compensator. Besides adding the dynamic reactive power supply, the method is also an effective way for improving the voltage stability level of the system by improving the running characteristic of the direct current body. If the inverter valve bank control strategy is improved, the commutation failure prevention coordination control is carried out, and the direct-current commutation failure risk can be effectively reduced; or by optimizing important control parameters such as a direct current low-voltage current limiting link, commutation failure prediction, a current controller and the like, the reactive power absorbed by direct current from a receiving end alternating current system during and in the commutation failure can be reduced. Of course, when the system voltage is continuously reduced after a fault occurs, emergency control measures such as low-voltage load reduction and the like are adopted to reduce the risk of grid voltage instability to the maximum extent, but the loss of the power load can also be caused.
The literature, "study on influence of grid source steady-state voltage regulation on transient reactive power supporting capability" carries out related study on influence of grid source steady-state voltage regulation on transient voltage stability of a power system, and indicates that the voltage stability level of a direct-current receiving-end power grid is related to the steady-state reactive power compensation proportion of a capacitor bank and a generator. Under the condition that the total reactive compensation amount is equal and the system voltage is kept unchanged, when the compensation occupation ratio of the generator is higher and the compensation occupation ratio of the capacitor bank is lower, the transient voltage stability level of the system is correspondingly higher. The contribution of the document is to illustrate the relevance of a steady-state reactive power compensation mode and a transient voltage stability level, but how to utilize relevant conclusions, the network source steady-state reactive power coordination control strategy which is beneficial to improving the transient voltage stability level is proposed and needs to be continuously researched.
At present, provincial power grid companies all operate an AVC (Automatic Voltage Control) system and adopt a three-level Voltage Control mode based on soft partitioning. When the power grid normally operates, the system takes the minimum grid loss as an optimization target, and takes voltage qualification and various operation constraints as constraint conditions to solve the optimal power flow so as to realize the economic operation of the power grid. In fact, dynamic reactive reserve of the generator set usually has a large surplus during optimized operation, the operating condition of increasing steady-state reactive output is provided, reactive compensation quantity of the generator set can be used for replacing reactive compensation quantity of the capacitor, a certain amount of network loss is sacrificed to replace safe and stable operation income of a power grid within an acceptable range, and safety and economy of operation of a direct-current receiving end power grid are considered on the premise that the dynamic reactive reserve meets requirements.
How to carry out steady state reactive power coordination control on a power plant and a 500kV transformer substation, the increase of the reactive power compensation proportion of a generator set and the reduction of the reactive power compensation proportion of a capacitor bank are realized, and the method has important significance for improving the voltage stability level of a weak receiving end alternating current power grid after the ultrahigh voltage direct current is connected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a network source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving the transient voltage stability level.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a network source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving transient voltage stability level comprises the following steps:
step one, scheduling AVIssuing central bus voltage reference value under control of C main station three-level voltageU refThe power supply is used for controlling the secondary voltage,U refas the control parameter setting, the allowable range of the operating voltage of the center bus is set to [ 2 ]U min，U max]Get itU refIn [ 2 ]U min，0.5（U min+U max）]To (c) to (d);
step two, dispatching AVC main station secondary voltage control, and acquiring a central control unit (BCA) bus voltage actual value and a central control unit (SCADA) bus voltage reference value in real time through an SCADA systemU refAfter comparison, calculating a voltage reference value of a bus at the voltage boosting and voltage changing side of the power plantU HrefFor primary voltage control;
step three, setting a generator minimum power factor value tan in an AVC substation of the power plantφTo make the maximum initial reactive output of the unitQ maxOutput with the current active powerPIs related, i.e.Q max =Ptanφ；
Step four, the AVC substation of the power plant bases onU HrefAnd the actual voltage of the bus at the voltage boosting and voltage increasing sideU HAnd bus reactive voltage sensitivityCCalculating the reactive power delta to be increased of the power plantQ TrefAnd the reactive power delta to be increased for each unitQ ref；
Step five, for the power plant GiThe number of the running units in the plant ismThe current reactive output of a single unit isQ 0The maximum initial reactive output isQ maxThe total remaining adjustable capacity of the power plant is thenQ r=m（Q max- Q 0) AVC substation of power plant for increasing and distributing reactive power instruction value deltaQ TrefAnd remaining tunable capacityQ rAs a criterion, issuing a reactive power regulation instruction to the unit and feeding back information to the AVC master station;
if it is notQ r≥ΔQ TrefReactive power output instruction value of single unitQ ref= Q 0+ΔQ Tref/mAnd upload to "power plantsGiResidual reactive capacityQ r-ΔQ Tref"information to schedule AVC main station; otherwise, the reactive power output instruction value of the single unitQ ref=Q maxAnd upload to "power plant GiThere is a reactive deficit deltaQ Tref-Q r"information to schedule AVC main station;
step six, the dispatching AVC main station receives the information uploaded by the AVC substation of the power plant and then judges, and if the total residual reactive capacity in a certain area is more than or equal to the reactive vacancy, the reactive vacancy is supplemented by the residual reactive capacity; otherwise, withdrawing/putting into the reactor group/capacitor group of the 500kV transformer substation near the corresponding power plant according to the reactive power shortage, wherein the total capacity of the withdrawn/put-into reactor group/capacitor group is equal to the reactive power shortage.
Further, in the third step, the minimum power factor value tan of the generatorφWhich is arranged by a method according toQ nIs determined by percentageQ n_maxDefining the maximum initial reactive power output coefficientkTo makeQ n_max=kQ nWhen the idle output of the unit is maximum, the minimum power factor tan of the unitφ=kQ n/P n，kThe value is between 0.4 and 0.8,P nthe rated active power of the generator is the rated active power,Q nthe rated reactive power of the generator is provided,Q n_maxthe maximum initial reactive output is generated when the generator generates power according to rated active power.
Further, in the fourth step, the reactive power Δ of the power plant is increasedQ Tref=C（U Href-U H) WhereinU HrefA bus voltage reference value at the high voltage side for boosting the voltage of a power plant,U HIn order to boost the actual value of the high voltage side bus voltage,Cthe reactive voltage sensitivity of the high-voltage side bus is increased for boosting; if the number of the units operating in the plant is equal tomIf the reactive power to be increased for each unit is deltaQ ref =ΔQ Tref /m。
The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
according to the grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method, through steady-state reactive power coordination control of the power plant and the 500kV transformer substation, reactive power of the generator can be preferentially adjusted, reactive compensation quantity of the generator set is increased, reactive compensation quantity of the capacitor bank is reduced, and dynamic reactive power supporting capacity of a direct-current receiving end power grid is enhanced; meanwhile, the control method can maintain the system voltage at a lower operation level, and when the system voltage drops, the reduction amount of the reactive compensation of the capacitor bank is relatively smaller, so that the reactive power shortage of the system is further relieved, and the transient voltage stability level of the direct current receiving end power grid can be effectively improved; the invention can also reduce the switching times of the capacitor reactor group and prolong the service life of the equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of steady-state reactive power coordination control of a power plant and a 500kV substation;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of steady-state reactive power coordination control of a power plant and a 500kV transformer substation;
FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram of a primary system of an extra-high voltage direct current receiving end power grid;
fig. 4 is a comparison graph of voltage waveforms of a 500kV alternating current bus of the direct current converter station.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for increasing a transient voltage stability level includes the following steps:
step one, dispatching three-level voltage control of AVC main station to issue a main center bus voltage reference valueU refThe power supply is used for controlling the secondary voltage,U refas the control parameter setting, the allowable range of the operating voltage of the center bus is set to [ 2 ]U min，U max]Generally takeU refIn [ 2 ]U min，0.5（U min+U max）]In the middle of the time of actual value taking,U refis close toU min；
Step two, dispatching AVC main station secondary voltage control, and acquiring a central control unit (BCA) bus voltage actual value and a central control unit (SCADA) bus voltage reference value in real time through an SCADA systemU refAfter comparison, calculating a voltage reference value of a bus at the voltage boosting and voltage changing side of the power plantU HrefFor primary voltage control;
step three, setting a generator minimum power factor value tan in an AVC substation of the power plantφTo make the maximum initial reactive output of the unitQ maxOutput with the current active powerPIs related, i.e.Q max =Ptanφ；
Step four, the AVC substation of the power plant bases onU HrefAnd the actual voltage of the bus at the voltage boosting and voltage increasing sideU HAnd bus reactive voltage sensitivityCCalculating the reactive power delta to be increased of the power plantQ TrefAnd the reactive power delta to be increased for each unitQ ref；
Step five, for the power plant GiThe number of the running units in the plant ismThe current reactive output of a single unit isQ 0The maximum initial reactive output isQ maxThe total remaining adjustable capacity of the power plant is thenQ r=m（Q max- Q 0) AVC substation of power plant for increasing and distributing reactive power instruction value deltaQ TrefAnd remaining tunable capacityQ rAs a criterion, issuing a reactive power regulation instruction to the unit and feeding back information to the AVC master station;
if it is notQ r≥ΔQ TrefReactive power output instruction value of single unitQ ref= Q 0+ΔQ Tref/mAnd upload to "power plant GiResidual reactive capacityQ r-ΔQ Tref"information to schedule AVC main station; otherwise, the reactive power output instruction value of the single unitQ ref=Q maxAnd upload to "power plant GiThere is a reactive deficit deltaQ Tref-Q r"information to schedule AVC main station;
step six, the dispatching AVC main station receives the information uploaded by the AVC substation of the power plant and then judges, and if the total residual reactive capacity in a certain area is more than or equal to the reactive vacancy, the reactive vacancy is supplemented by the residual reactive capacity; otherwise, withdrawing/putting into a reactor group/capacitor group of a 500kV transformer substation near a corresponding power plant according to the reactive power shortage, wherein the total capacity of the withdrawn/put-into reactor group/capacitor group is equal to the reactive power shortage; in the actual operation process, the total capacity of the reactor group/capacitor group which is withdrawn/put into is equal to the reactive power shortage; with the increase of reactive power shortage, reactive power compensation needs to be added, the reactor bank is withdrawn in the transformer substation firstly, if the reactor bank is withdrawn, the sequence of putting the capacitor bank into the transformer substation is not met, and the capacitor reactor is prevented from being put into operation at the same time.
According to the grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method, through steady-state reactive power coordination control of the power plant and the 500kV transformer substation, reactive power of the generator can be preferentially adjusted, reactive compensation quantity of the generator set is increased, reactive compensation quantity of the capacitor bank is reduced, and dynamic reactive power supporting capacity of a direct-current receiving end power grid is enhanced; meanwhile, the control method can maintain the system voltage at a lower operation level, and when the system voltage drops, the reduction amount of the reactive compensation of the capacitor bank is relatively smaller, so that the reactive power shortage of the system is further relieved, and the transient voltage stability level of the direct current receiving end power grid can be effectively improved; the invention can also reduce the switching times of the capacitor reactor group and prolong the service life of the equipment.
In the third step, the minimum power factor value tan of the generatorφWhich is arranged by a method according toQ nIs determined by percentageQ n_maxDefining the maximum initial reactive power output coefficientkTo makeQ n_max=kQ nWhen the idle output of the unit is maximum, the minimum work of the unitRate factor tanφ=kQ n/P n，kThe value is between 0.4 and 0.8,P nthe rated active power of the generator is the rated active power,Q nthe rated reactive power of the generator is provided,Q n_maxthe maximum initial reactive output is generated when the generator generates power according to rated active power.
In step four, the reactive power delta increased by the power plantQ Tref=C（U Href-U H) WhereinU HrefA bus voltage reference value at the high voltage side for boosting the voltage of a power plant,U HIn order to boost the actual value of the high voltage side bus voltage,Cthe reactive voltage sensitivity of the high-voltage side bus is increased for boosting; if the number of the units operating in the plant is equal tomIf the reactive power to be increased for each unit is deltaQ ref =ΔQ Tref /m。
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, in the present embodiment, the wiring manner of the regional power grid primary system is shown in fig. 3, in the drawing, S1 to S15 are 15 500kV substations, and each substation is configured with 4 groups of low-voltage capacitors and 4 groups of low-voltage reactors; G1-G8 are 8 power plants, H is an extra-high voltage direct current converter station, and all generator sets are fully used when the power grid is considered to run in the load peak period.
(1) The rated voltage of the central bus is 525kV, and the allowable range in normal operation is [500, 550 ]]kV, in this exampleU ref=515kV。
(2) Calculating the voltage reference value of the bus at the voltage boosting and high voltage changing side of the power plants G1-G8U Href516.3kV, 517.9kV, 516.7kV, 515.9kV, 516.1kV, 517.4kV, 521.8kV and 518.3 kV.
(3) Setting maximum initial reactive power output coefficient of generator in AVC substation of power plantkThe rated reactive power of the generator sets in the G1-G8 power plants is 500Mvar, 318Mvar, 500Mvar, 216Mvar, 500Mvar and 216Mvar respectively after being 0.5; the maximum initial reactive power output is therefore 250Mvar, 159Mvar, 250Mvar, 108Mvar, 250Mvar, 108Mvar, respectively.
(4) Hair-like deviceThe actual measurement voltages of the G1-G8 boosting high-voltage side buses of the power plants are 514.1 kV, 513.7kV, 512.9kV, 512.2kV, 513.8kV, 514.6kV, 516.6kV and 514.4kV respectively; the reactive voltage sensitivity of the bus is respectively 15.5Mvar/kV, 13.7Mvar/kV, 14.8Mvar/kV, 13.9Mvar/kV, 12.7Mvar/kV, 14.5Mvar/kV, 15.1 Mvar/kV and 14.3 Mvar/kV; the reactive power which needs to be increased and generated by G1-G8 can be calculated to be 34.1Mvar, 57.5Mvar, 56.2Mvar, 51.4Mvar, 29.2Mvar, 40.6Mvar, 77Mvar and 55.8Mvar respectively; only one unit in each of the G1-G8 power plants operates, i.e. the power plants are operatedmAnd =1, the reactive power to be increased by the power plant is the reactive power to be increased by each unit.
(5) The actual reactive power output of the generators of the power plants G1-G8 is 203Mvar, 120 Mvar, 110Mvar, 158Mvar, 56Mvar, 195Mvar, 210Mvar and 50Mvar respectively, and the residual adjustable capacity of each unit can be calculated from the maximum initial reactive power output value and is 47 Mvar, 39Mvar, 49Mvar, 92Mvar, 52Mvar, 55Mvar, 40Mvar and 58Mvar respectively; the residual adjustable capacity of G2, G3 and G7 is less than the reactive power required to be increased and issued, the three sets are output according to the maximum initial reactive power output value, and all power plant AVC substations upload information with reactive power shortage to the dispatching AVC main station respectively; the residual adjustable capacity of G1, G4, G5, G6 and G8 is larger than the reactive power required to be increased, the five units output reactive power output instruction values required to be increased, and all the AVC substations upload the information of the residual reactive power to the AVC master station.
(6) And the AVC master station judges after receiving the substation information, the total residual reactive capacity in the region is 92.9Mvar, the total reactive vacancy is 62.8Mvar, and the residual reactive capacity is greater than the reactive vacancy, so that the reactive vacancy can be supplemented by the residual reactive capacity without exiting a reactor group or putting into a capacitor group.
After a network source steady-state reactive power coordination control strategy is adopted, the total reactive power output of the generator during the load peak is 1102 Mvar; 16 groups of capacitors are put into a whole, the single group capacity is 60Mvar, the actual voltage of the system is considered, and the total reactive compensation quantity is 940 Mvar; if the grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control is not adopted, the switching of the capacitance reactors is prioritized, the capacitors are put into 24 groups in total, 8 groups are more put into the coordination control, and the total reactive power compensation amount is about 1400 Mvar; the total reactive output of the generator is 710 Mvar; when a three-phase short circuit fault occurs in a return line between the substations S1 and S13, the voltage of the power grid is unstable without adopting coordination control, and the power grid still keeps stable under fault impact by adopting coordination control. The voltage waveform pair of the 500kV ac bus of the dc converter station is shown in fig. 4 for both cases.
The above additional technical features can be freely combined and used in superposition by those skilled in the art without conflict.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solutions that achieve the objects of the present invention by basically the same means are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A network source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving transient voltage stability level is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, dispatching three-level voltage control of AVC main station to issue a main center bus voltage reference valueU refThe power supply is used for controlling the secondary voltage,U refas the control parameter setting, the allowable range of the operating voltage of the center bus is set to [ 2 ]U min，U max]Get itU refIn [ 2 ]U min，0.5（U min+U max）]To (c) to (d);
step two, dispatching AVC main station secondary voltage control, and acquiring a central control unit (BCA) bus voltage actual value and a central control unit (SCADA) bus voltage reference value in real time through an SCADA systemU refAfter comparison, calculating a voltage reference value of a bus at the voltage boosting and voltage changing side of the power plantU HrefFor primary voltage control;
step three, setting a generator minimum power factor value tan in an AVC substation of the power plantφTo make the maximum initial reactive output of the unitQ maxOutput with the current active powerPIs related, i.e.Q max =Ptanφ；
Step four, the AVC substation of the power plant bases onU HrefAnd the actual voltage of the bus at the voltage boosting and voltage increasing sideU HAnd bus reactive powerVoltage sensitivityCCalculating the reactive power delta to be increased of the power plantQ TrefAnd the reactive power delta to be increased for each unitQ ref；
Step five, for the power plant GiThe number of the running units in the plant ismThe current reactive output of a single unit isQ 0The maximum initial reactive output isQ maxThe total remaining adjustable capacity of the power plant is thenQ r=m（Q max- Q 0) AVC substation of power plant for increasing and distributing reactive power instruction value deltaQ TrefAnd remaining tunable capacityQ rAs a criterion, issuing a reactive power regulation instruction to the unit and feeding back information to the AVC master station;
if it is notQ r≥ΔQ TrefReactive power output instruction value of single unitQ ref= Q 0+ΔQ Tref/mAnd upload to "power plant GiResidual reactive capacityQ r-ΔQ Tref"information to schedule AVC main station; otherwise, the reactive power output instruction value of the single unitQ ref=Q maxAnd upload to "power plant GiThere is a reactive deficit deltaQ Tref-Q r"information to schedule AVC main station;
step six, the dispatching AVC main station receives the information uploaded by the AVC substation of the power plant and then judges, and if the total residual reactive capacity in a certain area is more than or equal to the reactive vacancy, the reactive vacancy is supplemented by the residual reactive capacity; otherwise, withdrawing/putting into the reactor group/capacitor group of the 500kV transformer substation near the corresponding power plant according to the reactive power shortage, wherein the total capacity of the withdrawn/put-into reactor group/capacitor group is equal to the reactive power shortage.
2. The grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving the transient voltage stability level according to claim 1, wherein the grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the minimum power factor value tan of the generatorφWhich is arranged by a method according toQ nIs determined by percentageQ n_maxDefining the maximum initial reactive power output coefficientkTo makeQ n_max=kQ nWhen the idle output of the unit is maximum, the minimum power factor tan of the unitφ=kQ n/P n，kThe value is between 0.4 and 0.8,P nthe rated active power of the generator is the rated active power,Q nthe rated reactive power of the generator is provided,Q n_maxthe maximum initial reactive output is generated when the generator generates power according to rated active power.
3. The grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method for improving the transient voltage stability level according to claim 1, wherein the grid source steady-state reactive power coordination control method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the reactive power delta increased by the power plantQ Tref=C（U Href-U H) WhereinU HrefA bus voltage reference value at the high voltage side for boosting the voltage of a power plant,U HIn order to boost the actual value of the high voltage side bus voltage,Cthe reactive voltage sensitivity of the high-voltage side bus is increased for boosting; if the number of the units operating in the plant is equal tomIf the reactive power to be increased for each unit is deltaQ ref =ΔQ Tref /m。
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