CN111739676B - Back conductive silver paste for PERC solar cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Back conductive silver paste for PERC solar cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a back conductive silver paste for a PERC solar cell, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50.0 to 65.0wt.% of silver powder, 1 to 5.0wt.% of glass frit and 33 to 46.0wt.% of organic carrier; the silver powder comprises nano silver powder, sphere-like submicron silver powder and sphere-like micron silver powder, and the glass powder comprises Li 2 O、MgO、CaO、BaO、B 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Bi 2 O 3 、TeO 2 CuO and MnO 2 (ii) a The finally obtained back conductive silver paste only slightly corrodes the back passivation layer in the metallization process, and the formed back silver electrode has excellent weldability, adhesive force and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crystalline silicon solar cells, in particular to a PERC solar cell and back conductive silver paste.
Background
At present, the technological updating of the cell is fast iterating, PERC solar cells in recent years stand out from high efficiency solar cells with excellent cost performance advantages, occupying the main market share, while PERC will still occupy the market dominance in the coming years.
In the PERC solar cell technology, the key of solar cell efficiency improvement lies in a back passivation layer, the back passivation layer comprises a back passivation film layer deposited on the back of a cell and a silicon nitride film layer deposited on the back passivation film layer, back surface recombination can be effectively reduced, so that the open-circuit voltage of the cell is improved, partial long waves are effectively reflected, long wave response is increased, the short-circuit current of the cell is improved, and finally the cell efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the back conductive silver paste is in contact with the back conductive silver paste, a welding interconnection effect is mainly provided for the crystalline silicon solar cell, and the back passivation layer is influenced, so that the use performance of the PERC solar cell is influenced.
In the metallization process, the glass powder in the back conductive silver paste can generate a corrosion effect on the back passivation layer, the corrosion amount is insufficient, excellent weldability and adhesive force are difficult to form, the back passivation layer is corroded excessively, the passivation effect is reduced, and therefore the cell efficiency is reduced, the composition of the back conductive silver paste needs to be adjusted in order to improve the service performance of the PERC solar cell, and the back passivation layer is subjected to a moderate corrosion effect in the metallization process.
Therefore, how to provide a back conductive silver paste that only slightly corrodes the back passivation layer during the metallization process is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a back conductive silver paste for a PERC solar cell and a method for preparing the same, wherein the back passivation layer is only slightly corroded during metallization, and a back silver electrode formed by the back conductive silver paste has solderability, adhesion and reliability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50.0 to 65.0wt.% of silver powder, 1 to 5.0wt.% of glass frit and 33 to 46.0wt.% of organic carrier; the silver powder comprises nano silver powder, sphere-like submicron silver powder and sphere-like micron silver powder, and the glass powder comprises Li 2 O、MgO、CaO、BaO、B 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Bi 2 O 3 、TeO 2 CuO and MnO 2 。
Preferably, the silver powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 5 parts of nano silver powder, 70 to 90 parts of spheroidal submicron silver powder and 5 to 25 parts of spheroidal micron silver powder.
Preferably, the glass powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5 to 5 parts of Li 2 O, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of MgO, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of CaO, 1.5 to 5 parts of BaO and 1.5 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 15-30 parts of SiO 2 35 to 50 portions of Bi 2 O 3 1 to 3 portions of TeO 2 5 to 15 portions of CuO and 5 to 20 portions of MnO 2 。
Preferably, the organic vehicle comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of plasticizer, 85-95 parts of solvent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent; the plasticizer comprises one or a mixture of more of ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, acrylic resin and polyvinyl butyral; the solvent comprises one or a mixture of more of terpineol, turpentine, butyl carbitol acetate, tributyl citrate, cyclohexanone, alcohol ester dodeca, dimethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate; the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of hydrogenated castor oil, modified hydrogenated castor oil, span 20, span 60, span 80, lecithin, tributyl phosphate, polyphosphoric acid and alkyl acid.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the back conductive silver paste for later use;
(2) Weighing Li 2 O、MgO、CaO、BaO、B 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Bi 2 O 3 、TeO 2 CuO and MnO 2 Mixing, heating, and immediately cold rolling to obtain glass sheets; rolling the glass sheet, and then crushing the glass sheet by airflow to obtain finished glass powder;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing the weighed silver powder, the organic carrier and the glass powder prepared in the step (2), and then grinding and rolling to finally obtain the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell.
Preferably, the heating treatment in the step (2) is to heat the mixture to 1100-1300 ℃ in a box-type resistance furnace, then keep the temperature for 30-60 min, and immediately take out the mixture after the heat preservation time is reached; the cold rolling treatment is carried out by adopting a two-roller mill; the rolling treatment is to roll the mixture to the grain diameter of 100 to 300 mu m by a two-roll mill and to crush the mixture to the grain diameter of 0.1 to 3.5 mu m by air flow.
Preferably, the grinding and rolling treatment in the step (3) is to grind and roll for 5 to 7 times by a three-high mill so that the fineness of the material is less than 15 microns.
The invention also provides a PERC solar cell, which comprises a P-type silicon substrate, wherein one side surface of the P-type silicon substrate is sequentially provided with an n-type diffusion layer, a front silicon nitride film layer and a front silver electrode, and the other side surface of the P-type silicon substrate is sequentially provided with a back passivation film layer, a back silicon nitride layer, a back aluminum electrode and a back silver electrode.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell and the preparation method thereof, and the back conductive silver paste has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The conductive silver paste on the back of the PERC solar cell does not contain lead, meets the requirement of environmental protection, has a sintering temperature process window of 740-790 ℃, and is suitable for the PERC solar cell sintering process;
(2) In the back conductive silver paste sintering process disclosed by the invention, the back passivation layer is only slightly corroded and is not etched through, so that the reduction of the battery efficiency caused by the metallization process is avoided; in addition, the back silver electrode formed after sintering has low porosity, low bulk resistance and excellent weldability and adhesive force; moreover, the contact part of the back silver electrode and the back aluminum electrode has good appearance and low silver-aluminum contact resistance, and simultaneously meets the requirement of the appearance of the solar cell;
(3) The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, and the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell can be quickly and efficiently prepared.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PERC solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a p-type silicon substrate, 2 is an n-type diffusion layer, 3 is a front silicon nitride film layer, 4 is a front silver electrode, 5 is a back passivation film layer, 6 is a back silicon nitride film layer, 7 is a back aluminum electrode, and 8 is a back silver electrode.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 3
The silver powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 5 parts of nano silver powder, 75 to 90 parts of spheroidal submicron silver powder and 5 to 25 parts of spheroidal micron silver powder.
The glass powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5 to 5 parts of Li 2 O, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of MgO, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of CaO, 1.5 to 5 parts of BaO and 1.5 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 15-30 parts of SiO 2 35 to 50 portions of Bi 2 O 3 1 to 3 portions of TeO 2 5 to 15 portions of CuO and 5 to 20 portions of MnO 2 . The mass percentages of the components of the glass frits prepared in examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1 below.
The organic carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of plasticizer, 85-95 parts of solvent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent; the plasticizer comprises one or a mixture of more of ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, acrylic resin and polyvinyl butyral; the solvent comprises one or more of terpineol, turpentine, butyl carbitol acetate, tributyl citrate, cyclohexanone, alcohol ester dodeca, dimethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate; the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of hydrogenated castor oil, modified hydrogenated castor oil, span 20, span 60, span 80, lecithin, tributyl phosphate, polyphosphoric acid and alkyl acid.
The mass percentages of the components of the organic vehicle in examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 2 below;
the mass percentages of the components of the back conductive silver pastes prepared in examples 1-3 are shown in table 3 below.
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the back conductive silver paste for later use;
(2) Weighing Li 2 O、MgO、CaO、BaO、B 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Bi 2 O 3 、TeO 2 CuO and MnO 2 Mixing, heating to 1100 ℃ in a box-type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 30-60 min, immediately taking out after reaching the heat preservation time, and cold rolling by a two-roller mill; rolling the glass sheet obtained by cold rolling treatment by a two-roller rolling mill again to ensure that the grain diameter reaches 100-300 mu m, and then crushing by air flow to 0.1-3.5 mu m to obtain finished glass powder;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing the weighed silver powder, the organic carrier and the auxiliary agent with the glass powder prepared in the step (2), and then grinding and rolling for 5 times by three rollers to enable the fineness to reach 10um, thereby finally obtaining the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell.
TABLE 1 glass frit compositions
TABLE 2 organic vehicle Components
TABLE 3 Back side conductive silver paste composition
Examples 4 to 6
The preparation method of the PERC solar cell specifically comprises the following steps:
the back conductive silver paste prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 is printed on a PERC semi-finished battery piece through screen printing, the back conductive aluminum paste is printed after drying, then the front conductive silver paste is printed, and the battery piece is co-fired through an infrared sintering furnace at the peak temperature of 760 ℃ to obtain a finished battery piece.
The PERC solar cells and commercial products prepared in examples 4 to 6 were used as comparative examples, and the results obtained by examining the solderability by a soldering station, the adhesion by a tensile machine, the sheet resistance by a four-point probe, the IV characteristic parameters by an IV tester, and the like were shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4
From the above, the conversion efficiency of the PERC solar cell back conductive silver paste provided by the invention is more excellent on the premise of ensuring excellent weldability, adhesive force and reliability of the back conductive silver paste.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (3)
1. The back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 50.0 to 65.0wt.% of silver powder, 1 to 5.0wt.% of glass frit and 33 to 46.0wt.% of organic vehicle;
the silver powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of nano silver powder, 70-90 parts of spheroidal submicron silver powder and 5-25 parts of spheroidal micron silver powder;
the glass powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5 to 5 parts of Li 2 O, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of MgO, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of CaO, 1.5 to 5 parts of BaO and 1.5 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 15-30 parts of SiO 2 35 to 50 portions of Bi 2 O 3 1 to 3 portions of TeO 2 5 to 15 portions of CuO and 5 to 20 portions of MnO 2 ；
The organic carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of plasticizer, 80-90 parts of solvent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent;
the plasticizer comprises one or more of ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, acrylic resin and polyvinyl butyral;
the solvent comprises one or more of terpineol, turpentine, butyl carbitol acetate, tributyl citrate, cyclohexanone, alcohol ester dodeca, dimethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate;
the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of hydrogenated castor oil, modified hydrogenated castor oil, span 20, span 60, span 80, lecithin, tributyl phosphate, polyphosphoric acid and alkyl acid;
the preparation method of the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing all the raw materials according to the back conductive silver paste for later use;
(2) Weighing Li 2 O、MgO、CaO、BaO、B 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Bi 2 O 3 、TeO 2 CuO and MnO 2 Mixing, heating, and immediately cold rolling to obtain glass sheets; rolling the glass sheet, and then crushing the glass sheet by airflow to obtain finished glass powder;
(3) Uniformly mixing the weighed silver powder, the organic carrier and the glass powder prepared in the step (2), and then grinding and rolling to finally obtain the back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell;
and (3) grinding and rolling for 5-7 times by using a three-roll mill to ensure that the fineness of the material is less than 15 mu m.
2. The back conductive silver paste for the PERC solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the heating treatment in the step (2) is to heat the back conductive silver paste to 1100-1300 ℃ in a box-type resistance furnace, then to preserve the temperature for 30-60 min, and to take out the back conductive silver paste immediately after the preservation time is reached; the cold rolling treatment is carried out by adopting a two-roller mill; the rolling treatment is to roll the mixture to a grain diameter of 100 to 300 mu m by a two-roll mill, and the mixture is crushed by air flow to a grain diameter of 0.1 to 3.5 mu m.
3. A PERC solar cell, includes P type silicon substrate, P type silicon substrate one side sets gradually n type diffusion barrier, positive silicon nitride rete and front silver electrode, and the another side sets gradually back passivation rete, back silicon nitride layer, back aluminium electrode and back silver electrode, its characterized in that, back silver electrode is obtained through the sintering by the back conductive silver thick liquid of claim 1 for PERC solar cell.
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| CN113045207B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-04-01 | 浙江奕成科技有限公司 | Glass powder for TOPCON crystalline silicon solar cell back silver paste and preparation method thereof |
| CN113896424B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-11-21 | 浙江光达电子科技有限公司 | Glass powder for PERC crystalline silicon solar cell back silver paste and preparation method |
| CN114360762B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-10 | 西安拓库米电子科技有限公司 | Silver migration resistant silver conductor paste for sheet resistor and preparation method thereof |
| CN115691855A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-02-03 | 大连海外华昇电子科技有限公司 | Conductive silver paste for low-temperature co-fired ceramic surface electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN117727488B (en) * | 2024-02-18 | 2024-07-02 | 浙江晶科新材料有限公司 | Conductive paste for N-type TOPCon solar cell, preparation method and solar cell |
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