CN111739498B - Cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure - Google Patents
Cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111739498B CN111739498B CN202010483607.5A CN202010483607A CN111739498B CN 111739498 B CN111739498 B CN 111739498B CN 202010483607 A CN202010483607 A CN 202010483607A CN 111739498 B CN111739498 B CN 111739498B
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure which comprises rubber, wherein a plurality of cross slotting are positioned on the lower side of the rubber in the vertical direction, and the lower side of the rubber is connected with a steel plate to form the cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure. The structure of the invention realizes the low-frequency strong sound absorption of the deep sub-wavelength structure, can be paved on the surface of underwater equipment, realizes the requirements of underwater low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction, has wide engineering application prospect, and provides a brand new solution for the problem of low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction of the underwater equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater sound absorption, and particularly relates to a cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure.
Background
The sound wave is the only communication mode capable of transmitting information underwater in a long distance at present, so that the vibration and noise reduction problem of an underwater structure is always a great engineering problem in the field of underwater sound. Because the wavelength of the underwater low-frequency sound wave is longer, the wave wavelength of 1000Hz can reach 1.5m, which is far larger than the size of a common sound absorption structure, and therefore, the low-frequency sound wave is more difficult to process compared with the high-frequency sound wave.
In this regard, researchers have developed extensive research into underwater sound absorbing structures under water backings, steel backings, and air backings. The existing underwater sound absorption structure mainly comprises an Alberich type sound absorption cover layer and a local resonance type phonon crystal, wherein under the excitation of underwater sound waves, a damping layer at the upper side of a cavity in the Alberich type sound absorption cover layer can generate drum-shaped vibration; meanwhile, due to the fact that the damping medium is not matched with the acoustic impedance of air in the cavity, sound waves can be scattered on the surface of the cavity; in addition, waveform conversion occurs when sound waves are incident on the surface of the cavity, and the sound absorption mechanism of the Alberich type sound absorption coating is the above sound absorption mechanism. The local resonance type phononic crystal is an underwater sound absorption structure with a periodic local resonance body embedded in a solid medium with a damping effect. In the low frequency range, the sound absorption mechanism of the local resonance type phonon crystal is mainly shear loss caused by resonance of the local resonance body under the excitation of sound waves; at higher frequencies, the main sound absorption mechanism of the local resonance type phonon crystal is the scattering effect of the local resonance body on the sound wave in the solid. The research at the current stage is mainly based on the two structural forms to carry out the optimal design of size and material performance, so that the broadband sound absorption above 2000Hz can be realized at present, but the strong absorption of sound waves in the low-frequency range of 1000Hz and below is difficult to realize. Other studies have proposed relatively complex structures to achieve low frequency sound absorption, but the complexity of the structure is detrimental to engineering applications.
In summary, although the existing structure can achieve a wide sound absorption band or a low sound absorption frequency, the following problems still exist in practical engineering applications:
(1) Absorption of low frequency sound waves by deep sub-wavelength structures is difficult to achieve;
(2) The low-frequency sound absorption structure is generally complex, and is unfavorable for engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure, wherein a rubber side of the super structure is a water sound incidence side, and a steel plate side is an air backing, so that the problem that the absorption of the deep sub-wavelength structure to low-frequency sound waves is difficult to realize is solved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure comprises rubber, wherein a plurality of cross slotting are positioned on the lower side of the rubber in the vertical direction, and the lower side of the rubber is connected with a steel plate to form the cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure.
Further, rubber is paved on a steel plate under the air backing to form a spring-vibrator system, underwater sound waves are absorbed, a cross slot is formed in the lower side of the rubber, the cross slot is located in the lower side of the rubber in the vertical direction, structural rigidity is reduced, frequency corresponding to a sound absorption peak value is enabled to move to low frequency, and absorption of the low-frequency sound waves by a deep sub-wavelength structure is achieved.
Further, in order to enable the structure to achieve good sound absorption performance, the thickness of the structure is reduced, and the thickness of rubber is set to be 30-50 mm.
Further, in order to reduce the peak frequency of sound absorption of the structure, simultaneously reduce the mass of the structure and reduce the thickness of the structure, the thickness of the steel plate is set to be 10-20 mm.
Further, in order to reduce the rigidity of the structure, the height of the cross grooves is set to be 5-15 mm.
Further, in order to control the rigidity of the structure to be changed within a certain range, the groove width of the cross grooving is set to be 1-3 mm.
Further, in order to reduce the rigidity of the structure, the rubber at the grooving position is guaranteed to have enough strength, and the thickness of the rubber between two adjacent crossed grooving positions is set to be 4-8 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the lowest sound absorption frequency can reach 245Hz, the sound absorption coefficient is 0.92, and the requirement of strong absorption of sound waves in a low frequency range is met;
2. the structure size is 1/87 of the sound wave wavelength at the peak position, and the low-frequency sound absorption requirement of the deep sub-wavelength scale structure is met;
3. the structure only comprises rubber and steel plates which are grooved in a crossing way, and the requirements of simple structure and easy processing are met.
4. According to the characteristics of the cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure, the low-frequency strong sound absorption of the deep sub-wavelength structure is realized, the deep sub-wavelength sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure can be paved on the surface of underwater equipment, the requirement of underwater low-frequency vibration and noise reduction is met, the deep sub-wavelength super structure has a very wide engineering application prospect, and a brand new solution is provided for the problem of low-frequency vibration and noise reduction of the underwater equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sound absorption structure of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic view of a 50mm×50mm cross-grooved low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super-structure, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the structure, and (c) is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the structure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of sound absorption coefficients within a range of 0 to 1000hz according to three embodiments of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. rubber; 2. a steel plate; 3. and (5) cross slotting.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention discloses a cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure, which solves the problems that the absorption of a deep sub-wavelength structure to low-frequency sound waves is difficult to realize, the low-frequency sound absorption structure is generally complex and is unfavorable for engineering application, and the structural rigidity is reduced by forming a spring vibrator system by a rubber layer and a steel plate and arranging cross slotting in the rubber layer, so that the sound absorption peak value of the structure is effectively moved to lower frequency, and the problems of: the requirement of strong absorption of sound waves is met in a low frequency range; the structure size is far smaller than the sound wave wavelength under the corresponding frequency at the sound absorption peak value, namely the low-frequency sound absorption requirement of the deep sub-wavelength scale structure; simple structure and easy processing. The high-frequency sound absorption device has excellent sound absorption performance, can effectively ensure that when the structure thickness is 70mm, the high absorption of sound waves with the frequency of 245Hz (the sound absorption coefficient is 0.92), has the structure size of only 1/87 of the sound wave wavelength under the corresponding frequency, realizes the low-frequency high-intensity sound absorption of a deep sub-wavelength structure, can be paved on the surface of underwater equipment, realizes the requirement of underwater low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction, has wide engineering application prospect, and provides a brand new solution for the problem of low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction of the underwater equipment.
Referring to fig. 1 (a), fig. 1 (b) and fig. 1 (c), the cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure of the invention comprises rubber 1, a plurality of cross slotting 3 are positioned on the lower side of the rubber 1 in the vertical direction, and the lower side of the rubber 1 is connected with a steel plate 2 to form the cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure.
The thickness of the rubber 1 is 30-50 mm.
The thickness of the steel plate 2 is 10-20 mm.
The cross slotting 3 are mutually perpendicular in two directions and are distributed in an equidistant cycle; the height of the cross slotting 3 is 5-15 mm; the width of the cross slotting 3 is 1-3 mm; the thickness of rubber between two adjacent intersecting grooves 3 is 4-8 mm.
Preferably, referring to FIG. 1 (a), a 50mm by 50mm cross slotted low frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength superstructure is provided.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The acoustic performance of the invention is estimated by adopting a finite element method, and the technical scheme of the invention is exemplified by examples in specific applications.
The materials used in the examples are as follows:
rubber: it is characterized by density of 1100kg/m 3 Young's modulus 10MPa, poisson's ratio 0.49, and equivalent isotropy loss factor 0.3.
Steel plate: it is characterized by a density of 7850kg/m 3 Young's modulus 200GPa, poisson's ratio 0.3, equivalent isotropy loss factor is 0.
Water: it is characterized by density 1000 kg/m 3 The sound velocity is 1500m/s.
Air: it is characterized by a density of 1.29. 1.29 kg/m 3 Sound velocity 343m/s.
Structural dimensions of the embodiments:
example 1
The thickness of the rubber is 30mm, the thickness of the steel plate is 10mm, the height of the cross slotting is 5mm, the slot width of the cross slotting is 1mm, and the thickness of the rubber between two adjacent cross slotting is 4mm.
Example 2
The thickness of the rubber is 40mm, the thickness of the steel plate is 15mm, the height of the cross slotting is 10mm, the slot width of the cross slotting is 2mm, and the thickness of the rubber between two adjacent cross slotting is 6mm.
Example 3
The thickness of the rubber is 50mm, the thickness of the steel plate is 20mm, the height of the cross slotting is 15mm, the slot width of the cross slotting is 3mm, and the thickness of the rubber between two adjacent cross slotting is 8mm.
Numerical simulations were performed using the materials and structural dimensions described above, and the results of the examples are given below:
in terms of acoustic performance of the present invention, and referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a sound absorption coefficient in the range of 0-1000Hz for three embodiments of a cross-grooved low frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength superstructure.
As can be seen from the graph, the sound absorption coefficient of the embodiment 1 in the range of 580-745 Hz is larger than 0.8, and reaches a sound absorption peak value at 650Hz, the peak value is 0.98, and the structural dimension is 1/58 of the sound wave wavelength at the peak position;
in the embodiment 2, the sound absorption coefficient is larger than 0.8 in the range of 325-390 Hz, the peak value of sound absorption is reached at 355Hz, the peak value is 0.94, and the structural size is 1/77 of the wavelength of sound waves at the peak value position;
in the embodiment 3, the sound absorption coefficient is larger than 0.8 in the range of 225-265 Hz, the sound absorption peak value is reached at 245Hz, the peak value is 0.92, and the structural size is 1/87 of the sound wave wavelength at the peak value position.
From the point of view of the peak position of sound absorption, the peak position of example 3 corresponds to the lowest frequency, and has better sound absorption performance in the lower frequency band.
From the sound absorption bandwidths, the sound absorption bandwidths of example 1, example 2 and example 3 are 165Hz, 65Hz and 40Hz, respectively, and thus the sound absorption band of example 1 is wider.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments thereof, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications should also be considered as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure is characterized in that: the low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure with cross grooves is formed by sequentially connecting rubber, a plurality of cross grooves and steel plates from top to bottom, wherein the cross grooves are mutually perpendicular in two directions and are distributed in an equidistant period; the height of the cross grooves is 5-15 mm, the groove width of the cross grooves is 1-3 mm, and the thickness of rubber between two adjacent cross grooves is 4-8 mm.
2. The cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the rubber is 30-50 mm.
3. The cross slotting low-frequency underwater sound absorption deep sub-wavelength super structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the steel plate is 10-20 mm.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4164727A (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1979-08-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Underwater acoustic absorber |
| JPH02278293A (en) * | 1989-04-19 | 1990-11-14 | Nec Corp | Underwater sound insulating material |
| US5138588A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1992-08-11 | Brunswick Corporation | Underwater sound attenuator |
| RU2035769C1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1995-05-20 | Юрий Иванович Кабарухин | Underwater adjustable sound-absorbing device |
| JP2009080487A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-04-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Underwater sound absorbing device |
| CN108140374A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2018-06-08 | 德克萨斯大学体系董事会 | Injection molding noise reduction component and deployment system |
| CN110880312A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 湖南大学 | Underwater sub-wavelength local resonance type acoustic metamaterial |
-
2020
- 2020-06-01 CN CN202010483607.5A patent/CN111739498B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4164727A (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1979-08-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Underwater acoustic absorber |
| US5138588A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1992-08-11 | Brunswick Corporation | Underwater sound attenuator |
| JPH02278293A (en) * | 1989-04-19 | 1990-11-14 | Nec Corp | Underwater sound insulating material |
| RU2035769C1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1995-05-20 | Юрий Иванович Кабарухин | Underwater adjustable sound-absorbing device |
| JP2009080487A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-04-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Underwater sound absorbing device |
| CN108140374A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2018-06-08 | 德克萨斯大学体系董事会 | Injection molding noise reduction component and deployment system |
| CN110880312A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 湖南大学 | Underwater sub-wavelength local resonance type acoustic metamaterial |
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