CN111737838B - Method for determining bionic crawling distance of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging bionic crawling - Google Patents
Method for determining bionic crawling distance of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging bionic crawling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for determining bionic crawling intervals during bionic crawling under ultrahigh frequency vibration aging comprises the following steps: simulating the processing and manufacturing process of the component by adopting finite element software, and obtaining the specific position and the specific size of the peak residual stress on the component; building an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system; pasting a strain sensor; obtaining the dynamic stress distribution state on the component when the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment is excited at a fixed point; determining an effective range of eliminating residual stress by ultrahigh frequency vibration aging; and determining the interval of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging crawling. The invention has the advantages of improving the efficiency and effect of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration aging, in particular to a method for determining bionic crawling intervals of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging.
Background
Vibration aging is a common method for eliminating residual stress, namely, the sum of the residual stress and the additional dynamic stress in a component exceeds the yield limit of a material in a vibration mode, and a trace of plastic deformation is generated in the material, so that the aim of reducing the residual stress in the material is fulfilled. The vibration aging technology has the advantages of good treatment effect, short treatment time, convenient field operation, small environmental pollution, low energy consumption and the like, is an energy-saving and environment-friendly aging treatment technology, and has important significance for developing the vibration aging technology.
The bionic crawling vibration aging technology refers to injecting vibration energy into a local area with larger residual stress of a component, and carrying out excitation treatment on the position; and after the excitation treatment of the area is finished, moving the excitation equipment to a local area with larger residual stress for excitation treatment. The bionic crawling mode is adopted, and the aim of eliminating the whole residual stress of the component is achieved by carrying out successive excitation treatment on each local area with larger residual stress.
The high-frequency vibration aging technology and the ultrasonic vibration aging technology are to inject the ultrahigh-frequency vibration energy with the excitation frequency larger than 1kHz into the place with larger residual stress of the material, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating the residual stress of the material, and are commonly called as the ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging technology. However, the existing method for determining the technological parameters of the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology is not perfect, particularly, the research on the method for determining the crawling interval of the bionic crawling ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology is very lack, if the crawling interval is too small, the efficiency of the bionic crawling ultrahigh frequency vibration aging treatment is reduced, and if the crawling interval is too large, the residual stress eliminating effect of certain local areas is not ideal, so that the residual stress eliminating effect of the whole component is reduced. In summary, we find that the determination of the crawling interval has become a key problem restricting the popularization and application of the bionic crawling ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology, so that research on the determination method of the crawling interval of the bionic crawling ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology is necessary.
Aiming at the current situation that research on a method for determining the crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology is very deficient, the invention provides a method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology, which can improve the treatment efficiency of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology, reduce the labor intensity of operators and promote and apply the boosting vibration aging technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology is low in efficiency and unsatisfactory in effect due to the fact that research on a crawling interval determining method is very deficient, the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging bionic crawling interval determining method is provided, namely an effective range in which residual stress is eliminated after ultrahigh frequency vibration aging single-time vibration excitation treatment is determined in a test dynamic strain mode, and therefore the bionic crawling interval determining method is formed on the basis. The invention has the advantages of improving the efficiency and effect of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging technology.
The method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging comprises the following steps:
(1) Simulating the processing and manufacturing process of the component by adopting finite element software, and obtaining the specific position and the specific size of the peak residual stress on the component;
(2) Building an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system;
(3) Pasting a strain sensor;
(4) Obtaining the dynamic stress distribution state on the component when the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment is excited at fixed points: after the two ends of the component are fixedly restrained, an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system is started to perform ultrahigh frequency excitation treatment on the component, a dynamic strain gauge displays a strain signal acquired by a strain sensor in real time, meanwhile, the strain signal data is transmitted to an upper computer system, the upper computer system records peak strain, and the strain is converted into dynamic stress according to the relation between the dynamic stress and the strain;
(5) Determining an effective range of eliminating residual stress by ultrahigh frequency vibration aging;
(6) And determining the interval of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging crawling.
Further, the finite element software is ANSYS finite element software.
Further, the ultra-high frequency vibration aging system is characterized in that: the system comprises an upper computer system, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an electromagnetic vibration exciter, a high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device, a strain sensor and a dynamic strain gauge; the upper computer system controls the signal generator to output a sine excitation signal with continuously adjustable amplitude and frequency, and the sine excitation signal is amplified by the power amplifier and then is input into the electromagnetic vibration exciter to drive the electromagnetic vibration exciter to generate high-frequency vibration; the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is fixed on the excitation table top of the electromagnetic vibration exciter moving part and comprises a working platform, a connecting rod and a supporting platform; the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is used for amplifying the high-frequency vibration amplitude output by the electromagnetic vibration exciter and improving the high-frequency vibration aging effect; the upper surface of the working platform of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is tightly contacted with the component; the strain type sensor is stuck on the upper surface of the component, the strain type sensor transmits the detected strain signal to the dynamic strain gauge, the dynamic strain gauge transmits the acquired strain signal to the upper computer system, and the upper computer system records the peak value of the strain signal.
Or, the ultra-high frequency vibration aging system is characterized in that: the device comprises an upper computer system, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, a strain sensor and a dynamic strain gauge; the ultrasonic generator controls the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic vibration, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer acts the amplified ultrasonic vibration energy on the component; the ultrasonic transducer consists of a backing, a piezoelectric layer and a matching layer; the upper surface of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is tightly contacted with the component, the strain type sensor is stuck on the upper surface of the component, the strain type sensor transmits the detected strain signal to the dynamic strain gauge, the dynamic strain gauge transmits the acquired strain signal to the upper computer system, and the upper computer system records the peak value of the strain signal.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the strain type sensor comprises a first strain type sensor, a second strain type sensor and a third strain type sensor; the strain type sensors are stuck on the upper surface of the component at equal intervals, and the strain type sensors are positioned on the same straight line; the first strain type sensor is stuck to the center of the projection of the working platform of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer on the upper surface of the component, the second strain type sensor is stuck to the edge of the projection, and the third strain type sensor is stuck to the outside of the projection; the working platform or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is a cylinder, the projection of the working platform or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device on the upper surface of the component is circular, and the radius of the projection circle is R; an ox one-dimensional coordinate system is established along the pasting direction of the strain sensor by taking the position of the first strain sensor as the origin o of coordinates, and at the moment, the coordinates of the first strain sensor are 0The coordinate of the second strain type sensor is R, and the coordinate of the third strain type sensor is 2R; the upper computer system records the first peak strain, the second peak strain and the third peak strain detected by the first strain sensor, the second strain sensor and the third strain sensor; using a strain peak value as a dependent variable and a coordinate as an independent variable, performing curve fitting on the strain peak value data and the coordinate data by using a least square method, and establishing a functional relation between the peak strain and the coordinate so as to obtain a strain distribution state on the component; according to the elastic modulus E, dynamic stress sigma of the member d Relationship sigma with strain d E epsilon, the peak strain on the member is converted to dynamic stress, resulting in a distribution of the dynamic stress on the member.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the effective range of eliminating residual stress by ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is round; the residual stress eliminating effect of the circular area where the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment directly acts on the component is best, and when the residual stress eliminating rate of the area beyond the circular area where the excitation equipment directly acts on reaches a set critical threshold value, the circular area where the residual stress eliminating rate exceeds the set critical threshold value is taken as the effective range of eliminating the residual stress through the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging. The critical threshold can be set according to specific experimental requirements. The residual stress relief rate and the dynamic stress of the exciting device acting on the component are in positive correlation, and the critical threshold value of the residual stress relief rate is determined according to the distribution state of the dynamic stress of the exciting device acting on the component. When the ultra-high frequency vibration exciting equipment commonly used at present carries out ultra-high frequency vibration aging treatment on a component, the ultra-high frequency vibration energy is acted on a local circular area of the component through a high frequency vibration energy amplifying device or an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, the residual stress eliminating effect is basically consistent in the circular area directly acted, and the energy is slowly attenuated in the area outside the circular area directly acted, but a certain area has a better residual stress eliminating effect.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the set critical threshold is larger, the effective range of eliminating residual stress by the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is reduced; on the contrary, the effective range of eliminating residual stress by the ultra-high frequency vibration aging is enlarged.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method for determining the bionic crawling ultra-high frequency vibration aging crawling distance in the step 6 comprises the following steps: firstly, drawing two parallel lines which are tangential to a circular area directly acted by exciting equipment and are positioned in a peak residual stress area on the basis of the circular area directly acted by the exciting equipment, and taking the two parallel lines as boundaries; secondly, drawing an effective range circle by taking the center of the circle as the center of the effective range circle, and obtaining two intersection points with the boundary; then, respectively drawing an auxiliary circle by taking the two intersection points as circle centers and the radius of the effective range circle to obtain two intersection points formed by intersecting the two auxiliary circles, wherein the intersection points are positioned right in front of the circle centers of the circular area directly acted by the excitation equipment and positioned in the boundary as the center point of the next ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation treatment; when the excitation equipment is in bionic crawling to the edge of the component, if the intersection point of the auxiliary circle is positioned outside the component, the intersection point is moved to the component along the reverse direction of the bionic crawling of the excitation equipment, and the intersection point is taken as the central point of the next ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging excitation treatment.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows: the specific position of the peak residual stress on the component is determined by a finite element numerical simulation technology, and the effective range of eliminating the residual stress by the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is determined by a dynamic strain test mode, so that a method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is formed on the basis.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the crawling interval determined by the method for determining the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging bionic crawling interval can improve the efficiency of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging and improve the effect of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging.
2. The method for determining the bionic crawling interval through the bionic crawling ultra-high frequency vibration aging provided by the invention is obtained through a method of testing dynamic strain when the bionic crawling interval is determined, and the determined result of the bionic crawling interval is ensured to be accurate and reliable.
3. When the bionic crawling interval is determined by the method for determining the bionic crawling ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging bionic crawling interval, which is provided by the invention, the process is simple and easy to operate, the method is convenient to popularize and apply in the bionic crawling vibration aging technology, and the final power-assisted bionic crawling vibration aging technology is widely applied in engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining bionic crawling intervals for bionic crawling over high frequency vibration aging.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system based on an electromagnetic vibration exciter.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency vibration energy amplifying device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-high frequency vibration aging system based on ultrasonic excitation equipment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the effective range of residual stress relief for ultra high frequency vibration aging.
FIG. 6 determines a crawling distance schematic.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a situation in which adjustment of the crawling interval is required.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging comprises the following steps:
(1) Simulating the processing and manufacturing process of the component by adopting finite element software, and obtaining the specific position and the specific size of the peak residual stress on the component;
(2) Building an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system;
(3) Pasting a strain sensor;
(4) Obtaining the dynamic stress distribution state on the component when the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment is excited at fixed points: after the two ends of the component are fixedly restrained, an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system is started to perform ultrahigh frequency excitation treatment on the component, a dynamic strain gauge displays a strain signal acquired by a strain sensor in real time, meanwhile, the strain signal data is transmitted to an upper computer system, the upper computer system records peak strain, and the strain is converted into dynamic stress according to the relation between the dynamic stress and the strain;
(5) Determining an effective range 2 for eliminating residual stress by ultrahigh frequency vibration aging;
(6) And determining the interval of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging crawling.
Further, the ultra-high frequency vibration aging system is characterized in that: the device comprises an upper computer system, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an electromagnetic vibration exciter, a high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device 3, a strain sensor and a dynamic strain gauge; the upper computer system controls the signal generator to output a sine excitation signal with continuously adjustable amplitude and frequency, and the sine excitation signal is amplified by the power amplifier and then is input into the electromagnetic vibration exciter to drive the electromagnetic vibration exciter to generate high-frequency vibration; the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is fixed on the excitation table top of the electromagnetic vibration exciter moving part and comprises a working platform 31, a connecting rod 32 and a supporting platform 33; the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device 3 is used for amplifying the high-frequency vibration amplitude output by the electromagnetic vibration exciter and improving the high-frequency vibration aging effect; the upper surface of the working platform 31 of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device 3 is tightly contacted with the component; the strain type sensor is stuck on the upper surface of the component, the strain type sensor transmits the detected strain signal to the dynamic strain gauge, the dynamic strain gauge transmits the acquired strain signal to the upper computer system, and the upper computer system records the peak value of the strain signal.
Or, the ultra-high frequency vibration aging system is characterized in that: the device comprises an upper computer system, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, a strain sensor and a dynamic strain gauge; the ultrasonic generator controls the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic vibration, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer acts the amplified ultrasonic vibration energy on the component; the ultrasonic transducer consists of a backing, a piezoelectric layer and a matching layer, wherein the piezoelectric layer is used for transmitting high-power electric pulses into ultrasonic vibration; the upper surface of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is tightly contacted with the component, the strain type sensor is stuck on the upper surface of the component, the strain type sensor transmits the detected strain signal to the dynamic strain gauge, the dynamic strain gauge transmits the acquired strain signal to the upper computer system, and the upper computer system records the peak value of the strain signal.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the strain type sensor comprises a first strain type sensor 11, a second strain type sensor 12 and a third strain type sensor 13; the strain type sensors are stuck on the upper surface of the component at equal intervals, and the strain type sensors are positioned on the same straight line; the first strain sensor 11 is stuck to the center of the projection of the working platform of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer on the upper surface of the component, the second strain sensor 12 is stuck to the edge of the projection, and the third strain sensor 13 is stuck to the outside of the projection; the working platform or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device 3 is a cylinder, the projection of the working platform or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device on the upper surface of a component is circular, the radius of the projection circle is R, and the projection circle is a straight line 4 in the schematic diagram of an ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging system based on an electromagnetic vibration exciter (shown in figure 2) and the schematic diagram of the ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging system based on ultrasonic vibration exciting equipment (shown in figure 4); an ox one-dimensional coordinate system is established along the pasting direction of the strain type sensor by taking the position of the first strain type sensor 11 as an origin o of coordinates, at the moment, the coordinates of the first strain type sensor 11 are 0, the coordinates of the second strain type sensor 12 are R, and the coordinates of the third strain type sensor 13 are 2R; the upper computer system records the first peak strain and the second peak strain detected by the first strain sensor 11, the second strain sensor 12 and the third strain sensor 13Peak strain, third peak strain; using a strain peak value as a dependent variable and a coordinate as an independent variable, performing curve fitting on the strain peak value data and the coordinate data by using a least square method, and establishing a functional relation between the peak strain and the coordinate so as to obtain a strain distribution state on the component; according to the elastic modulus E, dynamic stress sigma of the member d Relationship sigma with strain d E epsilon, the peak strain on the member is converted to dynamic stress, resulting in a distribution of the dynamic stress on the member.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the effective range 2 for eliminating residual stress by ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is round; the residual stress eliminating effect of the circular area 1 where the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment directly acts on the component is best, and when the residual stress eliminating rate of the area beyond the circular area 1 where the excitation equipment directly acts on reaches a set critical threshold value, the circular area where the residual stress eliminating rate exceeds the set critical threshold value is taken as an effective range 2 of the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging residual stress eliminating. The critical threshold can be set according to specific experimental requirements. The residual stress relief rate and the dynamic stress of the exciting device acting on the component are in positive correlation, and the critical threshold value of the residual stress relief rate is determined according to the distribution state of the dynamic stress of the exciting device acting on the component. When ultrahigh frequency vibration exciting equipment commonly used at present carries out ultrahigh frequency vibration aging treatment on a component, ultrahigh frequency vibration energy acts on a local circular area on the component through a high frequency vibration energy amplifying device or an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, the residual stress eliminating effect is basically consistent in a circular area 1 directly acted, and energy is slowly attenuated in areas outside the circular area directly acted, but a certain area has a better residual stress eliminating effect.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the set critical threshold is larger, the effective range 2 for eliminating residual stress by the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is reduced; on the contrary, the effective range 2 for eliminating residual stress by the ultra-high frequency vibration aging is enlarged.
Further, the method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method for determining the bionic crawling ultra-high frequency vibration aging crawling distance in the step 6 comprises the following steps: firstly, drawing two parallel lines which are tangential to a circular area 1 directly acted by exciting equipment and are positioned in a peak residual stress area on the basis of the circular area 1 directly acted by the exciting equipment, and taking the two parallel lines as boundaries; secondly, drawing an effective range circle 2 by taking the circle center of the circle 1 as the circle center of the effective range circle 2 to obtain two intersection points with the boundary; then, respectively drawing an auxiliary circle by taking the two intersection points as circle centers and the radius of the effective range circle to obtain two intersection points formed by intersecting the two auxiliary circles, wherein the intersection points are positioned right in front of the circle center of a circular area 1 directly acted by the excitation equipment and positioned in the boundary as the center point of the next ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation treatment; when the excitation equipment is in bionic crawling to the edge of the component, if the intersection point of the auxiliary circle is positioned outside the component, the intersection point is moved to the component along the reverse direction of the bionic crawling of the excitation equipment, and the intersection point is taken as the central point of the next ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging excitation treatment.
The specific implementation details are as follows: for convenience of description of the method for determining the bionic crawling ultra-high frequency vibration aging crawling interval, it is assumed here that the diagonal area obtained by simulation is the area where the peak residual stress is located; drawing two parallel lines which are tangential to the circular area 1 directly acted by the exciting device and are positioned in the peak residual stress area based on the circular area 1 directly acted by the exciting device, and taking the two parallel lines as boundaries; secondly, drawing an effective range circle 2 by taking the circle center of the circle 1 as the circle center of the effective range circle 2 to obtain two intersection points C and D with the boundary; drawing an auxiliary circle by taking two intersection points C and D as circle centers and the radius of an effective range circle 2 to obtain two intersection points A and B formed by intersecting the two auxiliary circles, wherein the intersection point B positioned right in front of the circle center of a circular area 1 directly acted by excitation equipment and in a boundary is used as a center point of next ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation treatment; when the excitation equipment is in bionic crawling to the edge of the component, if an intersection point E formed by intersecting the auxiliary circles is positioned outside the component, the intersection point E is moved to the component along the reverse direction of the bionic crawling of the excitation equipment, and the point F is taken as the center point of the next ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging excitation treatment.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention and equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. The method for determining the bionic crawling interval of the bionic crawling type ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Simulating the processing and manufacturing process of the component by adopting finite element software, and obtaining the specific position and the specific size of the peak residual stress on the component;
(2) Building an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system:
the ultra-high frequency vibration aging system comprises an upper computer system, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an electromagnetic vibration exciter, a high frequency vibration energy amplifying device, a strain sensor and a dynamic strain gauge; the upper computer system controls the signal generator to output a sine excitation signal with continuously adjustable amplitude and frequency, and the sine excitation signal is amplified by the power amplifier and then is input into the electromagnetic vibration exciter to drive the electromagnetic vibration exciter to generate high-frequency vibration; the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is fixed on the excitation table top of the electromagnetic vibration exciter moving part and comprises a working platform, a connecting rod and a supporting platform; the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is used for amplifying the high-frequency vibration amplitude output by the electromagnetic vibration exciter and improving the high-frequency vibration aging effect; the upper surface of the working platform of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is tightly contacted with the component; the strain type sensor is stuck on the upper surface of the component, the strain type sensor transmits the detected strain signal to the dynamic strain gauge, the dynamic strain gauge transmits the acquired strain signal to the upper computer system, and the upper computer system records the peak value of the strain signal;
or the ultra-high frequency vibration aging system comprises an upper computer system, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, a strain sensor and a dynamic strain gauge; the ultrasonic generator controls the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic vibration, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer acts the amplified ultrasonic vibration energy on the component; the ultrasonic transducer consists of a backing, a piezoelectric layer and a matching layer; the upper surface of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is tightly contacted with the component, the strain sensor is stuck on the upper surface of the component, the strain sensor transmits the detected strain signal to the dynamic strain gauge, the dynamic strain gauge transmits the acquired strain signal to the upper computer system, and the upper computer system records the peak value of the strain signal;
(3) Paste strain sensor:
the strain type sensor comprises a first strain type sensor, a second strain type sensor and a third strain type sensor; the strain type sensors are stuck on the upper surface of the component at equal intervals, and the strain type sensors are positioned on the same straight line; the first strain type sensor is stuck to the center of the projection of the working platform of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer on the upper surface of the component, the second strain type sensor is stuck to the edge of the projection, and the third strain type sensor is stuck to the outside of the projection; the working platform or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device is a cylinder, the projection of the working platform or the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the high-frequency vibration energy amplifying device on the upper surface of the component is circular, and the radius of the projection circle is R; an ox one-dimensional coordinate system is established along the pasting direction of the strain type sensor by taking the position of the first strain type sensor as a coordinate origin o, at the moment, the coordinate of the first strain type sensor is 0, the coordinate of the second strain type sensor is R, and the coordinate of the third strain type sensor is 2R; the upper computer system records the first peak strain, the second peak strain and the third peak strain detected by the first strain sensor, the second strain sensor and the third strain sensor; the strain peak value is taken as a dependent variable, the coordinate is taken as an independent variable, and the least square method is adopted for the pairPerforming curve fitting on the strain peak value data and the coordinate data, and establishing a functional relation between the peak value strain and the coordinate, so as to obtain a strain distribution state on the component; according to the elastic modulus E, dynamic stress sigma of the member d Relationship sigma with strain d E, converting the peak strain on the member into dynamic stress, thereby obtaining the distribution state of the dynamic stress on the member;
(4) Obtaining the dynamic stress distribution state on the component when the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment is excited at fixed points: after the two ends of the component are fixedly restrained, an ultrahigh frequency vibration aging system is started to perform ultrahigh frequency excitation treatment on the component, a dynamic strain gauge displays a strain signal acquired by a strain sensor in real time, meanwhile, the strain signal data is transmitted to an upper computer system, the upper computer system records peak strain, and the strain is converted into dynamic stress according to the relation between the dynamic stress and the strain;
(5) Determining the effective range of eliminating residual stress by ultrahigh frequency vibration aging:
the effective range of eliminating residual stress by ultra-high frequency vibration aging is round; the residual stress eliminating effect of the circular area where the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation equipment directly acts on the component is best, and when the residual stress eliminating rate of the area beyond the circular area where the excitation equipment directly acts on reaches a set critical threshold value, the circular area where the residual stress eliminating rate exceeds the set critical threshold value is taken as the effective range of eliminating the residual stress by the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging;
(6) Determining the interval of bionic crawling type ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging crawling:
firstly, drawing two parallel lines which are tangential to a circular area directly acted by exciting equipment and are positioned in a peak residual stress area on the basis of the circular area directly acted by the exciting equipment, and taking the two parallel lines as boundaries; secondly, drawing an effective range circle by taking the center of the circle as the center of the effective range circle, and obtaining two intersection points with the boundary; then, respectively drawing an auxiliary circle by taking the two intersection points as circle centers and the radius of the effective range circle to obtain two intersection points formed by intersecting the two auxiliary circles, wherein the intersection points are positioned right in front of the circle centers of the circular area directly acted by the excitation equipment and positioned in the boundary as the center point of the next ultrahigh frequency vibration aging excitation treatment; when the excitation equipment is in bionic crawling to the edge of the component, if the intersection point of the auxiliary circle is positioned outside the component, the intersection point is moved to the component along the reverse direction of the bionic crawling of the excitation equipment, and the intersection point is taken as the central point of the next ultrahigh-frequency vibration aging excitation treatment.
2. The method for determining the bionic crawling interval by bionic crawling under ultrahigh frequency vibration aging conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the finite element software is ANSYS finite element software.
3. The method for determining the bionic crawling interval by bionic crawling under ultrahigh frequency vibration aging conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the set critical threshold is larger, the effective range of eliminating residual stress by the ultrahigh frequency vibration aging is reduced; on the contrary, the effective range of eliminating residual stress by the ultra-high frequency vibration aging is enlarged.
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