CN111737794B - Method for constructing wind characteristic model for overhead transmission line high-rise tower - Google Patents

Method for constructing wind characteristic model for overhead transmission line high-rise tower Download PDF

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CN111737794B
CN111737794B CN202010455489.7A CN202010455489A CN111737794B CN 111737794 B CN111737794 B CN 111737794B CN 202010455489 A CN202010455489 A CN 202010455489A CN 111737794 B CN111737794 B CN 111737794B
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叶芳
于金山
齐文艳
管森森
李田
张迅达
程明
傅思伟
马崇
温力
李庆钊
陈韶瑜
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method of a wind characteristic model for a high tower of an overhead transmission line, which comprises the following steps: 1. constructing a wind speed sequence of a wind characteristic model, wherein the wind speed sequence is regarded as a turbulent wind speed which is superposed with a constant average wind speed and fluctuates randomly; 2. simplifying the turbulent wind speed into rapid fluctuation of horizontal wind speed and wind direction; 3. setting the random turbulence wind speed as a response caused by a zero-mean white noise excitation linear system, and constructing a turbulence wind speed power spectrum model; 4. selecting a unilateral Kaimal spectrum most approximate to the wind speed turbulence power spectrum density to describe a turbulence wind speed power spectrum of the towering tower, and constructing a unilateral Kaimal spectrum model; 5. simplifying the model in the step 4; 6. combining the models in the steps 3 and 4 to fit a system transfer function; 7. substituting the system transfer function into the step 3 to obtain the random turbulence wind speed; 8. and (4) substituting the random turbulence wind speed into the step 1 to obtain a short-term wind characteristic model. The model constructed by the method reflects the short-term wind speed change rule borne by the high tower.

Description

Method for constructing wind characteristic model for overhead transmission line high-rise tower
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission, and particularly relates to a construction method of a wind characteristic model for a high tower of an overhead power transmission line.
Background
With the continuous development of economy, idle public land in the surrounding areas of cities is less and less, and the corridor of the overhead transmission line is tense day by day, so that the principle of green ecological development is adhered to, the height of the transmission tower is continuously increased, and more high-rise towers with the height of more than 60 meters are built and used.
At present, the operation states of the high tower such as the stress characteristics, the vibration form and the like are not known, particularly, a complete theoretical system and a characteristic model do not exist for the wind load condition of the high tower, and the real wind load condition of the high tower is difficult to evaluate only by a method of adding a correction coefficient to a wind load model of a conventional tower.
Therefore, a set of wind characteristic model aiming at the high tower of the overhead transmission line is urgently needed to comprehensively know the wind load condition of the high tower and provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the running state of the iron tower and evaluating the safety performance and the service life of the iron tower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for constructing a wind characteristic model of a high tower of an overhead transmission line.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a wind characteristic model for a high tower of an overhead transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a wind speed sequence of a wind characteristic model, wherein the wind speed sequence of the wind characteristic model can be regarded as turbulent wind speed with random fluctuation superposed on constant average wind speed and is expressed by a formula (1):
Figure GDA0003569798760000011
in the formula: x (i) -short-term wind signature model;
Figure GDA0003569798760000012
-constant average wind speed; p-turbulent wind speed;
step two, simplifying the turbulent wind speed into rapid fluctuation of horizontal wind speed and wind direction according to the actual wind load condition of the high tower;
setting the random turbulence wind speed as a response caused by a zero-mean white noise excitation linear system, and constructing a turbulence wind speed power spectrum model;
step four: representing turbulence wind speed fluctuation by a random broadband process, selecting a unilateral Kaimal spectrum most approximate to wind speed turbulence power spectrum density to describe a turbulence wind speed power spectrum of the towering tower, and constructing a unilateral Kaimal spectrum model;
fifthly, assigning a value to the single-side Kaimal spectrum model by taking engineering practice as reference, and simplifying the single-side Kaimal spectrum model;
step six, a system transfer function can be fitted by using a Matlab/Simulink tool through a simultaneous turbulence wind speed power spectrum model and a unilateral Kaimal spectrum model for describing a turbulence wind speed power spectrum of the towering tower;
Step seven, substituting the system transfer function obtained in the step six into the step three to obtain the random turbulence wind speed of the towering tower;
and step eight, substituting the random turbulence wind speed obtained in the step seven into the step one to obtain a short-term wind characteristic model X (i) of the high tower.
Further, the model of the power spectrum of the turbulent wind speed in the third step is expressed by the formula (2):
Figure GDA0003569798760000021
in the formula:
Figure GDA0003569798760000022
-a power spectrum of zero mean white noise; h (omega) -general response formula of linear system, see formula (3)
Figure GDA0003569798760000023
In the formula, Y (omega) system output function, W (omega) system input function, omega turbulence wind speed and YkOutput vector, wkInput vector, q, p systematic order.
Further: the single-sided Kaimal spectral model in the fourth step is represented by the formula (4):
Figure GDA0003569798760000031
in the formula: si(f) Power spectral density of the ith component (i ═ u, v, w) in m2/s2(ii) a f-frequency in Hz; sigmai-standard deviation of wind speed for the ith component, also called turbulence intensity I; u is the average wind speed of the measured height, and the unit is m/s; l isiThe turbulence length (or integration length) of the ith component in m.
Further: the turbulence length L depends on the terrain and the landform of the position where the tower is located; the turbulence intensity I is related to the address of the tower and the turbulence intensity; the average wind speed U is irrelevant to a specific place and is greatly influenced by atmospheric motion in a tower environment; taking engineering practice as a reference, measuring the tower height of a high-rise tower generally greater than 60 meters, selecting L as 800m, U as 5m/s, I as 20% sigma/U, and sigma as 1m/s, and simplifying a one-side Kaimel spectrum model as follows:
Si(f)＝640/(1+960f)5/3。
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the wind characteristic model of the member can simulate the characteristics of the wind load of the high-rise tower, and provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the influence of wind power on the operation of the overhead high-rise tower, including operation reliability, tower design and model selection and the like, and for carrying out stress analysis and safety state evaluation on the overhead high-rise tower, such as stress, fatigue and the like.
2. The wind characteristic model constructed by the method has good overall simulation performance, and can well reflect the short-term wind speed change rule of the towering tower. The method is not only suitable for analyzing the wind load characteristics of the high-rise towers of different tower types, but also can be widely applied to simulation research in the fields of wind power generation and other high-altitude wind signal analysis, and has the advantages of simple model algorithm, good portability and wide application range.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a method for constructing a wind characteristic model for a high tower of an overhead transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
Step one, constructing a wind speed sequence of a wind characteristic model, wherein the wind speed sequence of the wind characteristic model can be regarded as turbulent wind speed with random fluctuation superposed on constant average wind speed and is expressed by a formula (1):
Figure GDA0003569798760000041
in the formula: x (i) -short-term wind signature model;
Figure GDA0003569798760000042
-constant average wind speed; p-turbulent wind speed.
And step two, considering the actual condition of wind load of the high tower, the wind in the horizontal direction enables tower parts to bear a great load, and the wind direction and the wind speed change in the vertical direction have small influence on the overhead tower, so that the wind characteristic model is established only by considering the horizontal wind speed change, the wind direction is considered to be always vertical to the front side of the tower, and the turbulent wind speed is simplified into the rapid fluctuation of the horizontal wind speed and the wind direction.
Step three, taking the randomly fluctuating turbulent wind speed as a stable Gaussian process with the mean value of zero, wherein the statistical characteristic of the process can be determined by power spectral density (frequency domain), so that the random turbulent wind speed can be set as the response caused by a zero-mean white noise excitation linear system, and the turbulent wind speed power spectral model is represented by the formula (1):
Figure GDA0003569798760000043
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure GDA0003569798760000044
a power spectrum that is zero mean white noise; h (Ω) is a general response formula of a linear system, and is expressed by equation (3):
Figure GDA0003569798760000045
in the formula, Y (omega) system output function, W (omega) system input function, omega turbulence wind speed and Y kOutput vector, wkInput vector, q, p system order.
Step four, according to a great deal of experience of wind speed simulation in the overhead tower wind load research, turbulence wind speed fluctuation can be represented by a random broadband process, so that a single-side Kaimal spectrum most approximate to wind speed turbulence power spectral density is selected to describe a turbulence wind speed power spectrum of the towering tower, and a single-side Kaimal spectrum model is shown in formula (4):
Figure GDA0003569798760000051
in the formula, Si(f) Is the power spectral density of the ith component (i ═ u, v, w) in m2/s2(ii) a f is frequency in Hz; sigmaiIs the standard deviation of the ith component; u is the average wind speed of the measured height, and the unit is m/s; l isiThe turbulence length (or integration length) of the ith component is given by m.
And step five, as can be seen from the formula (4), the turbulent wind speed power spectrum is related to the turbulent length L, the average wind speed U and the turbulent intensity I (or the wind speed standard deviation sigma). For a high-rise tower, the turbulence length L depends on the terrain and the landform of the location of the tower; the turbulence intensity I (or the standard deviation sigma of the wind speed) is related to the address of the tower and the turbulence intensity; the average wind speed U is irrelevant to a specific place and is greatly influenced by atmospheric motion in the tower environment. Taking engineering practice as a reference, since the height of the tower is generally greater than 60 meters, L is 800m, U is 5m/s, I is 20% and σ is 1m/s, then equation (4) is simplified as follows:
Si(f)＝640/(1+960f)5/3。
Step six, a turbulent wind speed power spectrum model pyAnd (omega) and a unilateral Kaimal spectrum formula for describing the power spectrum of the turbulence wind speed of the towering tower are established, and a Matlab/Simulink tool is used for analyzing and calculating, so that parameters of a response system model can be determined, and a system transfer function H (omega) is fitted.
Step seven, substituting the system transfer function H (omega) obtained in the step six into the step three to further obtain the power spectrum p with the appointed powery(omega) random signals, namely random turbulence wind speed of a towering tower;
step eight, substituting the random turbulent wind speed obtained in the step seven into the step one, superposing the randomly fluctuating turbulent wind speed by the constant average wind speed to obtain a short-term wind characteristic model of the towering tower, and knowing the random turbulent wind speed of the towering tower, namely knowing the short-term wind characteristic model of the towering tower, namely
Figure GDA0003569798760000052
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Claims (4)

1. A construction method of a wind characteristic model for a high tower of an overhead transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, constructing a wind speed sequence of a wind characteristic model, wherein the wind speed sequence of the wind characteristic model can be regarded as turbulent wind speed with random fluctuation superposed on constant average wind speed and is expressed by a formula (1):
Figure FDA0003569798750000011
in the formula: x (i) -short-term wind signature model;
Figure FDA0003569798750000012
-constant mean wind speed; p-turbulent wind speed;
step two, simplifying the turbulent wind speed into rapid fluctuation of horizontal wind speed and wind direction according to the actual wind load condition of the high tower;
setting the random turbulence wind speed as a response caused by a zero-mean white noise excitation linear system, and constructing a turbulence wind speed power spectrum model;
step four: representing turbulence wind speed fluctuation by a random broadband process, selecting a unilateral Kaimal spectrum most approximate to wind speed turbulence power spectrum density to describe a turbulence wind speed power spectrum of the towering tower, and constructing a unilateral Kaimal spectrum model;
fifthly, assigning a value to the single-side Kaimal spectrum model by taking engineering practice as reference, and simplifying the single-side Kaimal spectrum model;
step six, a system transfer function can be fitted by using a Matlab/Simulink tool through a simultaneous turbulence wind speed power spectrum model and a unilateral Kaimal spectrum model for describing a turbulence wind speed power spectrum of the towering tower;
step seven, substituting the system transfer function obtained in the step six into the step three to obtain the random turbulence wind speed of the high tower;
And step eight, substituting the random turbulent wind speed obtained in the step seven into the step one to obtain a short-term wind characteristic model X (i) of the high tower.
2. The method for constructing the wind characteristic model of the overhead transmission line high-rise tower according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the model of turbulent wind speed power spectrum in the third step is expressed by the formula (2):
Figure FDA0003569798750000021
in the formula:
Figure FDA0003569798750000022
-a power spectrum of zero mean white noise; h (omega) -general response formula of linear system, see formula (3)
Figure FDA0003569798750000023
In the formula, Y (omega) system output function, W (omega) system input function, omega turbulence wind speed and YkOutput vector, wkInput vector, q, p systematic order.
3. The method for constructing the wind characteristic model of the overhead transmission line high-rise tower according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the single-sided Kaimal spectral model in the fourth step is represented by the formula (4):
Figure FDA0003569798750000024
in the formula: si(f) Power spectral density of the ith component (i ═ u, v, w) in m2/s2(ii) a f-frequency in Hz; sigmai-standard deviation of wind speed for the ith component, also called turbulence intensity I; u is the average wind speed of the measured height, and the unit is m/s; l isiThe turbulence length, also called the integration length, of the ith component, in m.
4. The method for constructing the wind characteristic model of the overhead transmission line high-rise tower according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the turbulence length L depends on the terrain and the landform of the position where the tower is located; the turbulence intensity I is related to the address of the tower and the turbulence intensity; the average wind speed U is irrelevant to a specific place and is greatly influenced by atmospheric motion in a tower environment; taking engineering practice as a reference, measuring the tower height of a high-rise tower generally greater than 60 meters, selecting L as 800m, U as 5m/s, I as 20% sigma/U, and sigma as 1m/s, and simplifying a one-side Kaimel spectrum model as follows:
Si(f)＝640/(1+960f)5/3。
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