CN111737352B - Supply chain information collaborative management method based on block chain - Google Patents
Supply chain information collaborative management method based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supply chain information cooperative management method based on a block chain, and provides a private chain and interconnection chain construction mode, wherein a hybrid consensus mechanism is introduced to recombine a data architecture mode. A trust network is built by using an authority certificate, an authorized Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, a secure hash algorithm, an intelligent contract and an ACID principle of a block chain technology, so that a mutual trust reciprocal situation is formed in the whole link and all links of a supply chain. The invention keeps the data privacy taking the local link of the supply chain as the center; the data information integration and the cooperative management of the whole link of the supply chain are realized; the data security is guaranteed, and the data is prevented from being tampered; and the credibility of data in the chain is realized, and the intervention and man-made execution interference of a third party mechanism are removed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supply chains, in particular to a supply chain information collaborative management method based on a block chain.
Background
In the technical field of the existing supply chain, a certain supply chain node is taken as a center in an information management process, a small-range information cluster is created, a centralized management mode is used for establishing a database, and the related supply chain information of a certain node or a certain link is comprehensively managed. When the information of the whole supply chain needs to be known, data communication is carried out in an offline communication mode or a single system interface docking mode among different roles. The existing supply chain technical field can solve the problems of data management, maintenance, service and the like. At present, the method can easily focus on the management subject from the management angle. However, data are all captured in each link and each supply chain node. Communication costs are also increased and different supply chains result in different degrees of loss of information transfer. The prior art also has the following defects:
only local data intercommunication of each link of the supply chain is emphasized, and a uniform consensus book of the whole supply chain is ignored;
the large data of the supply chain in and among enterprises has an island state, and simultaneously, the island form exists between cooperative departments in the enterprises and between data accounts of supply chain nodes, and an information chain type storage account book which longitudinally penetrates through the interior of the enterprise and externally penetrates through the supply chain is not formed, so that a unified information ecological chain with multi-party participation and full-chain mutual communication is provided for cooperative maintenance, management and use of each link of the supply chain;
the prior art realizes efficient management in an information island (inside an enterprise), but lacks a unified general ledger for data summarization and value utilization. Similarly, a distributed account book based on business requirements is also lacked outside the information island (outside the enterprise) to integrate and manage the information;
the prior art requires a third party authority to intervene in endorsements to increase the degree of trust. But not all supply chain overall management from a business perspective can find an authoritative endorsement for multi-party correspondence. Otherwise, the trust mechanism of the whole supply chain will be affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problem of cooperative management of the information of the full link of the supply chain. The technical essence of the defect of the problem is that most of the prior art focuses on centralized database management of a small range of nodes, and weakens the information collaborative management of a whole chain. A centralized and unified management model requires endorsement by a third party authority. However, most of the existing third-party institutions endorse the endorsements from the aspect of policy or business reward and punishment mechanisms, and technical endorsements have certain difficulty. Therefore, it is difficult for the prior art to provide a framework for ensuring unified data management, so that mutual trust and clear authority can be realized for each supply chain link. Meanwhile, the safety and the non-falsification of the data are difficult to guarantee.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a supply chain information collaborative management method based on a block chain comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing chain network type mixed chain distributed data storage architecture
Establishing a primary chain of shared trust root supply chain information which runs through the whole supply chain according to the service characteristics of the supply chain, and taking main storage nodes of each link of the supply chain as accounting and authentication nodes of the primary chain;
establishing a secondary block chain for recording all supply chain information under different service scenes by taking different service scenes of a supply chain as a center; selecting different participants in the service scene as accounting and authentication nodes of a secondary chain;
the information intercommunication between the primary chain and the secondary chain is realized by utilizing an interconnection chain construction mode;
step 2: mechanism for establishing consensus node
Establishing a hybrid consensus mechanism based on algorithms and protocols such as PoW, PoS, DPoS, PoI, POOL, dBFT, PoA and the like, and improving authority and responsibility management capacity on a first-level chain and a second-level chain of supply chain information through collocation of various consensus mechanisms; a consensus ecology that the third party endorsement is not involved and the mutual trust can still be achieved is achieved;
and step 3: chain deployment using intelligent contract techniques
The method comprises the steps of presetting a targeted intelligent contract through instruction request and execution on a secondary chain, data intercommunication between the secondary chain and a primary chain, instruction request, feedback and other links on the primary chain, and completing on-chain regular deployment in the supply chain information collaborative management process; the execution efficiency can be improved, the man-made interference is reduced, and the accurate management of data is guaranteed;
and 4, step 4: information entry
Recording related information of a supply chain in a corresponding application database by using a supply chain application built on a supply block chain, and simultaneously sending an accounting request to a supply chain information secondary chain by the application through an API (application programming interface); the secondary chain accounting node receives the request, records related contents and simultaneously performs whole-network broadcasting; synchronously updating related data by other nodes of the secondary chain to complete the input of the information of the secondary chain; finishing the recording and generating work of the supply block, simultaneously pushing the targeted information to a supply chain information primary chain through an interface after an intelligent contract condition preset by the supply block is triggered, finishing the establishment and relation binding of the corresponding block, and then carrying out whole-network broadcasting to realize the message synchronization of the primary chain; completing the recording process of the whole information in the block chain;
and 5: query output of information
When information on a supply block chain needs to be queried and output, initiating a query instruction through DAPP of an application layer, and performing hash operation on an instruction language to obtain a hash value A; secondly, the user submits a query instruction and signs the instruction information at the same time, identity authentication and authority certification are carried out, and a hash value B is obtained after the identity authentication is passed; and obtaining a block content hash value by using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, analyzing block content information by using a secure hash algorithm, and feeding back the block content information to a user through DAPP (digital audio packet protocol), thereby finishing the query and output of the information.
In the step 1, the distributed data storage architecture is based on a block chain, and the block chain architecture comprises 5 levels, namely a data layer, a network layer, a consensus layer, a contract layer and an application layer;
the first layer is a 'data layer', and a mixed chain type block chain structure of a bottom layer data block based on a private chain and an interconnection chain, an asymmetric public and private key data encryption technology, a timestamp, a random number and a MerkleTree technology are packaged;
the second layer is a network layer and comprises a P2P networking mechanism, a data propagation mechanism and a data verification mechanism;
the third layer of the consensus layer encapsulates various consensus mechanism algorithms of the network nodes;
the fourth layer, contract layer, encapsulates executable script code, algorithm mechanism and intelligent contract, programming language protocol, is the basis of block chain programmable property;
and the fifth layer, namely an application layer, encapsulates DAPP, programmable information, specifications and semantics of various application scenes of the block chain under the service requirement of the supply chain.
Further, in the step 1, the local nodes of the supply chain are r1, r2, r3, … … and m, the first preset node internally forms an extended link network node, and the second preset node is the same as the first preset node and internally forms an extended link network node through the local nodes; in each link of the supply chain, a secondary chain taking a preset node as a center is arranged; the secondary chain is interconnected with the supply chain information primary chain through an interconnection chain technology to form a completion chain structure under a supply chain network system, so that data on the supply chain form an interconnection ecology.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a distributed storage data management mode and a distributed storage data management method which are dispersive, extractable and aggregative and can preset intelligent contracts and behavior signatures. Compared with the prior art, a single chain structure is skipped, a private chain and interconnection chain construction mode is provided, a hybrid consensus mechanism is introduced, and a data architecture mode is recombined. A trust network is built by using an authority certificate, an authorized Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, a secure hash algorithm, an intelligent contract and an ACID principle of a block chain technology, so that a mutual trust reciprocal situation is formed in the whole link and all links of a supply chain.
The invention keeps the data privacy taking the local link of the supply chain as the center; the data information integration and the cooperative management of the whole link of the supply chain are realized; the data security is guaranteed, and the data is prevented from being tampered; and the credibility of data in the chain is realized, and the intervention and man-made execution interference of a third party mechanism are removed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the embodiments or the drawings needed to be practical in the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the embodiments, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block chain infrastructure model in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chain-network hybrid distributed data storage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of supply chain information collaborative management according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of intra-chain data acquisition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In any embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a supply chain information collaborative management method based on a block chain of the present invention includes:
step 1: establishing chain network type mixed chain distributed data storage architecture
Establishing a primary chain of shared trust root supply chain information which runs through the whole supply chain according to the service characteristics of the supply chain, and taking main storage nodes of each link of the supply chain as accounting and authentication nodes of the primary chain;
establishing a secondary block chain for recording all supply chain information under different service scenes by taking different service scenes of a supply chain as a center; selecting different participants in the service scene as accounting and authentication nodes of a secondary chain;
the information intercommunication between the primary chain and the secondary chain is realized by utilizing an interconnection chain construction mode;
referring to fig. 1, the architecture of the present invention is adjusted to be composed of 5 hierarchies, namely a data layer, a network layer, a consensus layer, a contract layer and an application layer, aiming at the service attribute of the supply chain application which is first and cooperatively managed.
The method comprises the steps that firstly, a data layer is formed, and a mixed chain type block chain structure of a bottom layer data block based on a private chain and an interconnection chain, a related asymmetric public and private key data encryption technology, a related time stamp technology, a related random number technology, a related MerkLeTree technology and the like are packaged.
This is the lowest level data structure in the overall blockchain technique. These techniques are the basis for building a full link distributed data storage schema throughout the supply chain. These technologies have a history of decades of use in the financial industry, which is sufficient to demonstrate their very safe reliability. The block chain technology combines the technologies together.
The second is a "network layer" which includes a P2P networking mechanism, a data propagation mechanism, a data verification mechanism, and the like. The early application of P2P networking technology in P2P downloaded software such as BT means that the blockchain has an automatic networking function.
And the third layer of the consensus layer encapsulates various consensus mechanism algorithms of the network nodes. The consensus algorithm is the core technology of the blockchain, because it determines who to perform accounting, and the accounting determination mode will affect the security and reliability of the whole blockchain data. The invention recombines the existing reliable consensus mechanisms, namely a workload certification mechanism (PoW), a rights and interests certification mechanism (PoS), a shares authorization certification mechanism (DPoS), an importance certification (PoI), a verification POOL mechanism (POOL), an authorization Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm mechanism (dBFT), an authority certification (PoA) and the like.
The fourth layer, contract layer, encapsulates various executable script codes, algorithm mechanisms, intelligent contracts and programming language protocols, and is the basis of the programmable property of the block chain.
And the fifth layer is an application layer, and encapsulates DAPP, programmable information, specifications, semantics and the like of various application scenes of the block chain under the service requirement of the supply chain.
As shown in fig. 2, the supply chain local nodes are r1, r2, r3, … …, rn, the first preset node internally constitutes an extended link network node, and the second preset node internally constitutes an extended link network node through the local nodes, as with the first preset node. In each link of the supply chain, a secondary chain taking a preset node as a center is arranged. The secondary chain is interconnected with the supply chain information primary chain through an interconnection chain technology to form a completion chain structure under a supply chain network system, so that data on the supply chain form an interconnection ecology.
Based on the above established block chain data ecology, we can complete the information entry and query output through the processes shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4.
Step 2: mechanism for establishing consensus node
Establishing a hybrid consensus mechanism based on algorithms and protocols such as PoW, PoS, DPoS, PoI, POOL, dBFT, PoA and the like, and improving authority and responsibility management capacity on a first-level chain and a second-level chain of supply chain information through collocation of various consensus mechanisms; a consensus ecology that the third party endorsement is not involved and the mutual trust can still be achieved is achieved;
and step 3: chain deployment using intelligent contract techniques
The method comprises the steps of presetting a targeted intelligent contract through instruction request and execution on a secondary chain, data intercommunication between the secondary chain and a primary chain, instruction request, feedback and other links on the primary chain, and completing on-chain regular deployment in the supply chain information collaborative management process; the execution efficiency can be improved, the man-made interference is reduced, and the accurate management of data is guaranteed;
and 4, step 4: information entry
As shown in fig. 3, the application layer DAPP completes the entry and storage of new information data of the supply chain according to the service requirement, and the DAPP sends an accounting request to the supply chain information secondary chain through the API interface. After the second-level chain accounting node receives the request and the accounting content information and verifies that the data source is reliable through a consensus mechanism, the accounting node takes account page information (including data ID, accounting time and supply chain related information to be recorded) as original information to carry out Hash, and a Hash value is obtained. And combining the account page information and the Hash value to form a block, and simultaneously carrying out whole-network broadcasting to ensure that other nodes of the secondary chain synchronously update related data so as to finish the input and storage of the secondary chain information. And triggering the intelligent contract to judge when the block is generated, executing the contract when the intelligent contract condition is met, pushing the screened related information to a primary chain of supply chain information, performing data binding on the information after a primary chain accounting node receives an instruction, and simultaneously performing Hash on the information such as a timestamp and a data ID of the information again to obtain a Hash value. At the moment, the information and the Hash value are combined into a first-level chain block and are broadcast in the whole network, and data synchronization is carried out. And completing the recording process of the whole information in the block chain.
And 5: query output of information
As shown in fig. 4, the supply chain specific DAPP initiates an inquiry output instruction to the supply chain information secondary chain, the signature information bound by the instruction is synchronously sent to the secondary chain verification node, the verification node judges the validity of the data reading authority through a preset verification algorithm and mechanism, and obtains the block hash value B (including the private key and the block position) of the primary node. And after the authority authentication of the node is verified through the secondary chain, a code instruction is pushed to the primary chain. The instruction language performs hash operation to obtain a hash value a (the hash value includes a public key and instruction information). The first-level chain obtains the block content hash value by using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, and then analyzes the block content information by using a secure hash algorithm and feeds the block content information back to the DAPP sending the query request to complete the query and output of the information.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims. It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A supply chain information collaborative management method based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing chain network type mixed chain distributed data storage architecture
Establishing a primary chain of shared trust root supply chain information which runs through the whole supply chain according to the service characteristics of the supply chain, and taking main storage nodes of each link of the supply chain as accounting and authentication nodes of the primary chain;
establishing a secondary block chain for recording all supply chain information under different service scenes by taking different service scenes of a supply chain as a center; selecting different participants in the service scene as accounting and authentication nodes of a secondary chain;
the information intercommunication between the primary chain and the secondary chain is realized by utilizing an interconnection chain construction mode;
step 2: mechanism for establishing consensus node
Establishing a mixed consensus mechanism based on PoW, PoS, DPoS, PoI, POOL, dBFT and PoA algorithms and protocols, and improving authority and responsibility management capacity on a first-level chain and a second-level chain of supply chain information through collocation of various consensus mechanisms; a consensus ecology that the third party endorsement is not involved and the mutual trust can still be achieved is achieved;
and step 3: chain deployment using intelligent contract techniques
The method comprises the steps that through instruction request and execution on a secondary chain, data intercommunication between the secondary chain and a primary chain and instruction request and feedback links on the primary chain are preset with targeted intelligent contracts, regular deployment on the chain in the supply chain information collaborative management process is completed; the execution efficiency can be improved, the man-made interference is reduced, and the accurate management of data is guaranteed;
and 4, step 4: information entry
Recording related information of a supply chain in a corresponding application database by using a supply chain application built on a supply block chain, and simultaneously sending an accounting request to a supply chain information secondary chain by the application through an API (application programming interface); the secondary chain accounting node receives the request, records related contents and simultaneously performs whole-network broadcasting; synchronously updating related data by other nodes of the secondary chain to complete the input of the information of the secondary chain; finishing the recording and generating work of the supply block, simultaneously pushing the targeted information to a supply chain information primary chain through an interface after an intelligent contract condition preset by the supply block is triggered, finishing the establishment and relation binding of the corresponding block, and then carrying out whole-network broadcasting to realize the message synchronization of the primary chain; completing the recording process of the whole information in the block chain;
and 5: query output of information
When information on a supply block chain needs to be queried and output, initiating a query instruction through DAPP of an application layer, and performing hash operation on an instruction language to obtain a hash value A; secondly, the user submits a query instruction and signs the instruction information at the same time, identity authentication and authority certification are carried out, and a hash value B is obtained after the identity authentication is passed; and obtaining a block content hash value by using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, analyzing block content information by using a secure hash algorithm, and feeding back the block content information to a user through DAPP (digital audio packet protocol), thereby finishing the query and output of the information.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the distributed data storage architecture is based on a blockchain, and the blockchain architecture includes 5 levels, namely a data level, a network level, a consensus level, a contract level and an application level;
the first layer is a 'data layer', and a mixed chain type block chain structure of a bottom layer data block based on a private chain and an interconnection chain, an asymmetric public and private key data encryption technology, a timestamp, a random number and a MerkleTree technology are packaged;
the second layer is a network layer and comprises a P2P networking mechanism, a data propagation mechanism and a data verification mechanism;
the third layer of the consensus layer encapsulates various consensus mechanism algorithms of the network nodes;
the fourth layer, contract layer, encapsulates executable script code, algorithm mechanism and intelligent contract, programming language protocol, is the basis of block chain programmable property;
and the fifth layer, namely an application layer, encapsulates DAPP, programmable information, specifications and semantics of various application scenes of the block chain under the service requirement of the supply chain.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the supply chain local nodes are r1, r2, r3, … …, rn, the first preset node internally forms an extended link network node, and the second preset node internally forms an extended link network node through the local node, as the first preset node; in each link of the supply chain, a secondary chain taking a preset node as a center is arranged; the secondary chain is interconnected with the supply chain information primary chain through an interconnection chain technology to form a completion chain structure under a supply chain network system, so that data on the supply chain form an interconnection ecology.
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| CN113364608B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-09-02 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Distributed cooperative optimization control method based on block chain consensus mechanism |
| CN113849556A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-28 | 国网甘肃省电力公司信息通信公司 | Sharing mechanism based on block chain distributed database |
| CN114925133A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-08-19 | 上海东普信息科技有限公司 | Cooperative processing method, device and equipment of logistics information and storage medium |
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