CN111735333A - Multistage phase change heat storage box, photovoltaic phase change heat storage structure and multistage photovoltaic multistage phase change heat storage structure - Google Patents
Multistage phase change heat storage box, photovoltaic phase change heat storage structure and multistage photovoltaic multistage phase change heat storage structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111735333A CN111735333A CN201910256142.7A CN201910256142A CN111735333A CN 111735333 A CN111735333 A CN 111735333A CN 201910256142 A CN201910256142 A CN 201910256142A CN 111735333 A CN111735333 A CN 111735333A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/20—Systems characterised by their energy storage means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-stage phase change heat storage tank, a photovoltaic multi-stage phase change heat storage structure and a multi-stage photovoltaic multi-stage phase change heat storage structure. Multistage phase transition heat storage tank includes: a housing; at least two sealed tanks containing phase-change materials and positioned in the shell, wherein the at least two sealed tanks are made of heat-conducting materials and respectively contain the phase-change materials with at least two different phase-change temperatures, and one phase-change material is stored in each sealed tank; the heat transfer liquid is positioned in the shell and transfers heat in a mode of directly flowing between the at least two sealed tanks or flowing through a pipeline between the sealed tanks; an outlet and an inlet at the housing for the exit and entry of the heat transfer liquid. By utilizing the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank and the photovoltaic multi-stage phase-change heat storage structure, the temperature of the photovoltaic cell panel can be reduced to enable the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell panel to be higher, and meanwhile, the collected heat can be stored for heating, supplying domestic hot water and the like, so that the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to phase change thermal storage technology. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a multi-stage phase change heat storage tank, a photovoltaic phase change heat storage structure, and a multi-stage photovoltaic multi-stage phase change heat storage structure.
Background
In the actual development of new photovoltaic solar energy, when solar radiation is incident on a solar cell, according to different solar cells, only less than 17-20% of incident solar energy is converted into electric energy in engineering application, and nearly 60-70% of incident solar energy is converted into heat energy, and the surface temperature of the solar cell is increased by 35 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature along with the increase of the temperature, so that the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic solar energy is limited. And for energy saving, obtaining the heat of the photovoltaic panel is very important for us, but the heat conversion method of the final solar panel is still not efficient due to technical reasons and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to fully utilize the heat of the photovoltaic panel and cool the photovoltaic panel, it is desirable to have an efficient energy storage system.
The invention provides a multi-stage phase change heat storage tank, which comprises:
a housing;
at least two sealed tanks containing phase-change materials and positioned in the shell, wherein the at least two sealed tanks are made of heat-conducting materials and respectively contain the phase-change materials with at least two different phase-change temperatures, and one phase-change material is stored in each sealed tank;
a heat transfer liquid in the housing for transferring heat in a manner capable of flowing directly between the at least two sealed tanks or through a pipe between the sealed tanks;
an outlet and an inlet at the housing for the exit and entry of the heat transfer liquid.
In one aspect, the canisters are spaced apart a distance and the canisters, which include phase change materials of different phase change temperatures therein, are arranged in an alternating manner with one another.
In one aspect, the housing further comprises a heat transfer conduit for the transfer of a heat transfer fluid that flows from a heat transfer fluid inlet on the housing and out of a heat transfer fluid outlet on the housing.
The invention also provides a photovoltaic multistage phase change heat storage structure, which comprises the following components:
a heat collecting plate mounted to a rear surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, the heat collecting plate including a plurality of fluid passages communicated with each other to circulate and conduct heat of a heat transfer fluid, the heat collecting plate further including an inlet and an outlet for the entry and exit of the heat transfer fluid;
the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank receives the heat-conducting fluid from the heat collection plate through the heat-conducting pipeline, stores the temperature of the heat-conducting fluid through the phase change of the phase-change material, and discharges the heat-conducting fluid through the outlet of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank for use by other devices.
In one aspect, the heat transfer fluid in the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank comprises water.
In one aspect, the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank is further connected with an additional heat supply mechanism, and the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank transfers heat transfer liquid to the additional heat supply mechanism for further heat storage.
The invention also provides a multi-level photovoltaic multi-level phase change heat storage structure, which comprises the following components:
a heat collecting plate mounted to a rear surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, the heat collecting plate including a plurality of fluid passages communicated with each other to circulate and conduct heat of a heat transfer fluid, the heat collecting plate further including an inlet and an outlet for the entry and exit of the heat transfer fluid;
a first heat storage tank, comprising a housing, at least two sealed tanks containing phase change materials in the housing, wherein the at least two sealed tanks are made of heat conductive materials, and the at least two sealed tanks respectively contain at least one phase change material with different phase change temperatures, wherein each sealed tank stores one phase change material, and further comprises heat transfer liquid, the heat transfer liquid is located in the housing and transfers heat in a manner of directly flowing between the at least two sealed tanks or flowing through a pipeline between the sealed tanks, an outlet and an inlet are located at the housing and used for discharging and entering the heat transfer liquid, the housing further comprises a heat conduction pipeline used for transferring heat conduction fluid, and the heat conduction fluid flows in from the heat conduction liquid inlet on the housing and flows out from the heat conduction liquid outlet on the housing;
the heat transfer liquid in the first heat storage tank enters the additional heat supply mechanism, and the additional heat supply mechanism is used for further storing heat by utilizing the heat transfer liquid and supplying the heat transfer liquid after further heat storage to the multistage phase-change heat storage tank; and
the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank receives the heat transfer liquid from the additional heat supply mechanism through the connecting pipeline, stores the temperature of the heat transfer liquid through phase change of the phase change material, discharges the heat transfer liquid through the outlet for other devices to use, and sends the returned heat transfer liquid into the first thermal storage tank for circulation.
In one aspect, valves are selectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank, and the inlet and the outlet of the fluid in the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank are correspondingly controlled by opening and closing the valves.
In one aspect, the heat transfer fluid comprises water.
By utilizing the multistage phase-change heat storage tank and the photovoltaic multistage phase-change heat storage structure, pure photo-thermal heating, domestic hot water supply and zero-carbon heating of families in northern areas are realized, and the cold and warm supply with negative energy consumption can be realized because the multistage phase-change heat storage tank and the photovoltaic multistage phase-change heat storage structure can be combined with photovoltaic power generation. And the lithium bromide air conditioner can also be used as a heat source to supply lithium bromide for refrigeration in non-heating seasons by combining with the current lithium bromide refrigeration technology. In addition, this system cost is low, and economic practicality is strong, and even when the photovoltaic power generation total amount surpassed this system and supplyed the electric energy that heats and refrigerate and do the consumption, can feed back the municipal energy supply, realize "burden energy consumption building".
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a heat storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a heat storage tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a heat collecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-level photovoltaic phase change thermal storage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Disclosed herein are a multi-stage phase change thermal storage structure for storing energy and storing heat and a photovoltaic multi-stage phase change thermal storage structure composed thereof.
The multi-stage phase change is a technology that a plurality of phase change reactions respectively occur at different temperatures are arranged in the same application. The adopted phase-change materials such as hydrate, polyethylene glycol and the like can cause the phase-change front of the phase-change materials to develop to the depth of the phase-change materials gradually in the heat absorption process, after absorbing heat for a certain time, the phase-change materials are completely gasified or melted, and then the phase-change materials can not play a role in controlling the temperature. The phase-change material is adopted to store heat so as to store, transmit and use the heat.
The multi-stage phase change heat storage tank/heat storage tank provided by the invention is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the difference is that the phase change sealed tank can be discharged at a proper position according to the requirement. The heat storage tank 10 includes at least two phase change canisters 102, which may be three, four or more, each enclosing a phase change material. The at least two phase change seal tanks comprise at least two phase change materials, or three, four or five phase change materials, wherein the phase change temperature of each phase change material is different, or the phase change temperature of two or more phase change materials is similar. The phase transition temperature is selected as desired. In the present embodiment, phase change materials having phase change temperatures of 40 to 50 degrees and 27 to 35 degrees, respectively, may be used. In particular, phase change materials with phase change temperatures of 45 degrees and 30 degrees, respectively, may be used to absorb heat when the temperature rises to 30 degrees and release heat when the temperature falls below 30 degrees, and to absorb heat when the temperature rises to 45 degrees and release heat when the temperature falls below 45 degrees, respectively. In another example, phase change materials with a phase change temperature of 40-50 degrees and phase change materials with a phase change temperature of 55-60 degrees, for example, phase change materials with a phase change temperature of 45-48 degrees and phase change materials with a phase change temperature of 58 degrees, are used to achieve heat storage at higher temperatures. The box body of the heat storage box is made of heat insulation materials, and the box body can comprise multiple layers of heat insulation materials to achieve the purpose of heat insulation. For example, the heat storage tank may include a polyurethane plate 112, heat insulation cotton 114, a polyurethane plate 116, and glass fiber reinforced plastic 118 from the outside to the inside, thereby achieving good heat insulation.
In the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank, a plurality of phase change materials with different phase change temperatures are filled in the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank in a sealing mode. Each phase change material sealed tank stores a material with a phase change temperature, and the phase change materials with different phase change temperatures are stored in the phase change material sealed tanks respectively, for example, two, three, five or nine phase change materials with different phase change temperatures are stored in the phase change material sealed tanks respectively, or three, five or eight phase change materials with different phase change temperatures are stored in the phase change material sealed tanks respectively. The space between the phase change material canisters is filled with a fluid for transferring heat therebetween, such as water, polyethylene glycol, etc., for transferring heat in the different phase change material canisters, and for transferring heat from other devices to the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank, or for transferring heat in the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank to other devices external thereto. The fluid transferring heat between the sealed canisters may be circulated through a heat transfer fluid line that surrounds and is as close to the sealed canisters as possible, thereby better transferring heat, or there may be no heat transfer fluid line. The heat transfer liquid is directly positioned in the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank and outside the sealed tank, and does not need to pass through any pipeline. The heat transfer liquid may be water or any other suitable liquid. The heat transfer fluid is generally not water, but any other suitable material. The heat transfer fluid is located in a conduit of the heat transfer fluid between the sealtanks within the housing, and heat is transferred between the at least two sealtanks by flowing within the conduit. In the case where only a heat transfer fluid, such as water, is required, the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank has an outlet and an inlet for the egress and ingress of water to transfer heat. In the case of further comprising a heat transfer fluid, the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank has two inlets and two outlets, a first inlet 104 and a first outlet 106 for the exit and entry of water, and a second inlet and a second outlet (not shown) in communication with a conduit (not shown) for the heat transfer fluid to transfer heat. When only being used for cooling down for photovoltaic cell board, can only use multistage phase transition heat storage case to dispel the heat. Preferably, an external device, such as a vacuum tube, may also be connected to supply heat thereto.
The phase change material canisters of different phase change temperatures may be spaced apart from one another to facilitate fluid flow and heat dissipation. Further, the phase change material in the phase change heat storage device can adopt a medium-low temperature phase change material or a high-temperature phase change material. The medium-low temperature phase change material comprises paraffin, hydrate, organic matters, high polymer materials and the like, and the high-temperature phase change material comprises molten salt and the like. In one example, five, seven, eight, nine phase change material canisters with a phase change temperature of 45-48 degrees and 58 degrees are loaded from top to bottom, and the two phase change material canisters are arranged at intervals. In one example, five, seven, eight and nine phase change material seal tanks with the phase change temperature of 28-34 degrees, 45-48 degrees and 58 degrees can be filled in the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank from top to bottom, and the three phase change material seal tanks are arranged at intervals. The phase change material seal tanks with different phase change temperatures in the multi-stage phase change heat storage tank can also be arranged in other suitable manners, such as every two seal tanks with low phase change temperature and every two seal tanks with high phase change temperature are alternately arranged, or every seal tank with low phase change temperature and every seal tank with high phase change temperature are alternately arranged. The sealed tanks with high phase transition temperature and low phase transition temperature are arranged at intervals to better transfer heat. The sealed can may be cylindrical to facilitate heat dissipation.
In the embodiment, the sealed tank with the high phase change temperature and the sealed tank with the low phase change temperature are placed in the same multi-stage phase change heat storage tank, so that the low-grade heat which is directly applied as much as possible through multi-stage phase change in the heat accumulation process can be realized by utilizing the principle that the phase change material absorbs heat through phase change when the temperature is higher than the phase change temperature and releases heat through phase change when the temperature is lower than the phase change temperature, and therefore, the energy is effectively saved.
For example, 30 degrees of thermal energy is generally wasted because it cannot be directly utilized in floor heating and air conditioning heating, but can be further utilized as a primary heat source. Because the phase change heat release is a slow release process, the traditional plate heat exchanger and a multi-tube heat extraction mode are adopted to difficultly meet the required water quantity, and the multi-stage phase change prolongs the duration of high-grade heat in the heat release process by utilizing the heat storage structure. In the invention, the phase-change material is arranged in the sealing tank, and the phase-change heat storage tank is arranged in the heat exchange box, so that a heat exchange mode integrating 'storage' and 'exchange' is formed, the phase-change sealing tank is used for continuously heating water in the exchange box, and the hot water at a demand end is directly supplied from the heat storage exchange box.
The invention also provides a photovoltaic multistage phase change heat storage structure which can be combined with a photovoltaic panel for collecting heat emitted by the photovoltaic panel, for example, the photovoltaic panel on buildings such as houses and works, so that the heat can be further stored and utilized, and the effect of saving energy is achieved.
In another embodiment of the invention, a photovoltaic multi-stage phase change thermal storage structure is provided. First, one or more photovoltaic panels are provided, which may not be part of the photovoltaic multilevel phase change thermal storage structure of the present invention, and may be, for example, existing photovoltaic panels, even photovoltaic panels already installed for use. The photovoltaic panel generates electrical energy and stores electricity during use, and in this embodiment, heat energy is extracted from the back end of the photovoltaic panel to form a primary heat source for supplying heat and then stored as phase change heat energy to store low-grade heat energy. The photovoltaic panel is arranged below the front glass plate, and a heat collecting plate is mounted on the back surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, as shown in fig. 3, and the heat collecting plate can be attached to the photovoltaic cell panel in a heat-conducting manner, for example, adhered to the back surface of the photovoltaic cell panel through a heat-conducting adhesive layer. The heat collecting plate is constructed with a plurality of fluid passages, such as fluid pipes, communicated with each other such that fluid flows through the fluid pipes under the heat collecting plate to bring its heat to other desired locations. The arrangement of the fluid channels shown may be as shown in figure 3. Fig. 3 shows a heat collecting plate 20 comprising a plurality of transverse pipe lines and longitudinal pipe lines on both sides of the transverse pipe lines, which may be of any suitable shape, such as flat fluid pipe lines or other suitable fluid pipe lines. The fluid lines may be connected in parallel or in series with each other in such a way as to carry the heat of the photovoltaic panels. The illustrated heat collection panel has an inlet and an outlet, and fluid entering from the inlet flows through at least one of the fluid lines, thereby passing the fluid in the fluid line through the back side of the photovoltaic panel and out of the heat collection panel via the outlet. Valves can be selectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank, and the inlet and the outlet of the fluid of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank can be correspondingly controlled by opening and closing the valves. The fluid may be a thermally conductive fluid.
The heat transfer fluid from the heat collection plate causes a sealed canister comprising a phase change material in the heat storage tank to absorb heat through phase change in the heat storage tank. The heat transfer fluid may be a suitable heat transfer fluid, such as a hydrate, and may flow into the thermal storage tank either directly or through piping. The heat transfer fluid transfers heat to a heat transfer fluid, such as water, within the first thermal storage tank, which surrounds the sealed tank. The sealed tank of the phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 40-50 degrees and the sealed tank of the phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 27-35 degrees can be adopted to accumulate heat energy of more than 30 degrees for other devices, such as a vacuum tube water heater. Thereby, the heat transfer liquid in the first heat storage tank can be directly used.
The multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank has at least two outlets and at least two inlets for introducing the heat transfer fluid from the heat collecting plates and transferring water to the external device as needed, and receiving water from the external device and transferring the heat transfer fluid back to the heat collecting plates, thereby transferring heat. The heat-conducting fluid is positioned in a pipeline of the heat-conducting fluid between the sealed tanks in the shell, heat is transferred between the at least two sealed tanks in a flowing mode in the pipeline, the multistage phase-change heat storage tank is provided with two outlets and two inlets, the first inlet and the first outlet are used for discharging and entering water, the second inlet and the second outlet are communicated with the pipeline of the heat-conducting fluid, the heat-conducting fluid is transferred, and therefore heat is transferred, and at the moment, the multistage phase-change heat storage tank can also be selectively provided with a third outlet and a third inlet, and therefore heat is transferred with other external equipment.
The external device is for example a solar vacuum tube in which a heat transfer fluid, for example water, is stored, the heating structure also stores thermal energy in its heat transfer fluid during the day, and the heat transfer fluid can be supplied from the external device to the device requiring hot water at night into the heat storage tank, enabling the storage of thermal energy. The heating structure can also be, for example, a boiler, which works at night and also supplies the fluid to the equipment that needs hot water after the problem of the fluid has risen.
The photovoltaic multistage phase change heat storage structure further comprises at least one pumping mechanism, wherein a first pumping mechanism is connected between the heat collecting plate and the heat storage tank and used for pumping fluid in the heat collecting plate into the heat storage tank, and a second pumping mechanism is connected between the heat storage tank and external equipment so as to send water in the heat storage tank to the external equipment. Further comprising a non-return valve for preventing water in the external device from returning to the heat storage tank. The phase change material gradually solidifies in the heat release process and returns to a solid state, and in the day of the next day, the phase change material undergoes a reverse process, namely a process of heat absorption and melting. Transferring heat from the surface of the photovoltaic panel by a cyclic process of endothermic melting and exothermic curing
The back end of the photovoltaic cell panel can obtain a lot of heat energy in winter, for example, in northern China, in winter, the weather is low and reaches-10 ℃, and even under the condition, the photovoltaic multistage phase change heat storage structure can still obtain 30-50 ℃ of heat energy for 5 hours. The heat conducting liquid contained in the heat collecting plate of the valve is adopted to lead out heat energy to the heat storage tank, and the temperature in the heat storage tank is circularly raised to be more than 30 degrees for accumulation.
In order to increase the heat storage capacity in hot days or solve the problem of poor end quality caused by heat loss in the transmission process of long-distance heat supply, a regional (such as a floor) phase change heat storage box can be arranged at an application end. Therefore, a multi-level photovoltaic multi-level phase change heat storage structure is formed, and the heat supply grade is maintained, for example, the heat supply is carried out on a plurality of building floor heating systems or large-scale domestic hot water supply in a community. In one example, a multi-level phase change heat storage structure may be formed by using a first heat storage tank including a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 25 to 35 degrees and a second heat storage tank including a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 40 to 50 degrees and a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 52 to 60 degrees. In another example, the multi-level photovoltaic multi-level phase change thermal storage structure may employ a first thermal storage tank including a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 25-28 degrees and a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 30-34 degrees, and a second thermal storage tank including a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 40-50 degrees and a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 52-60 degrees.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-level photovoltaic multi-level phase change thermal storage structure is provided. As shown in fig. 4, the multi-level photovoltaic multi-level phase change thermal storage structure may employ a first thermal storage tank 320 including a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 30 degrees, and a second thermal storage tank 340 including a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 45-48 degrees and a phase change material having a phase change temperature of about 58 degrees. Of course, the first heat storage tank may be a heat storage tank suitable for storing heat energy of 30 degrees or more, instead of the phase change heat storage tank.
First a photovoltaic cell panel is provided, on the back of which a heat collecting plate 310 is mounted, which heat collecting plate 310 may be attached to the shown photovoltaic cell panel 305 in a thermally conductive manner. In the present embodiment, a plurality of photovoltaic cell panels are included, and one heat collecting plate is provided on the back surface of each photovoltaic cell panel, which is configured by a plurality of fluid passages communicating with each other, such as fluid pipes, so that fluid flows through the lower side of the photovoltaic cell panels via the fluid pipes. The heat collecting plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet, fluid entering from the inlet flows through the fluid pipeline, heat from the photovoltaic cell panel is stored in the fluid pipeline, and then the fluid leaves the heat collecting plate through the outlet and enters the first multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank. Valves can be selectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the first multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank, and the inlet and the outlet of the heat-conducting fluid of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank can be correspondingly controlled by opening and closing the valves.
The fluid from the heat collecting plates causes the sealed canister including the phase change material in the first heat storage tank to absorb heat through phase change in the first heat storage tank 320. Therefore, the heat transfer liquid in the first heat storage tank surrounds the sealed tank of the phase change material with the phase change temperature of 30 degrees through the pipeline 322, the sealed tank is heated, and meanwhile, the heat transfer liquid pipeline in the first heat storage tank and the periphery of the sealed tank are filled with water to store heat energy of more than 30 degrees. As a primary heat source. The first heat storage tank is further connected to an additional heat storage structure 330, such as a vacuum tube, to utilize water to heat via the additional heat storage structure, such as a solar vacuum tube water heater, to improve the heat quality of the primary heat collection, thereby achieving the purpose of high-quality multi-stage heat storage. Therefore, as the application heat supply end uses the plate type heat collector to extract the heat energy in the first multi-stage heat storage box to heat the liquid inlet end of the vacuum tube, the initial heating temperature of the vacuum tube is provided, even if the vacuum tube starts to heat from more than 30 degrees.
Generally, a heat transfer liquid such as water is used in the additional heat storage means. In the present embodiment, the additional heat storage mechanism is connected to the second phase change heat storage tank, so that direct circulation of water in the vacuum tube and the second phase change heat storage tank is realized, and high-grade heat energy in the vacuum tube is directly exchanged to the second phase change heat storage tank. The water in the vacuum tube or the water utilizing the heat energy of the vacuum tube can be directly used.
And according to the content of the heat-conducting liquid in the second phase-change heat storage tank, the second phase-change heat storage tank is interconnected with the vacuum tube of the additional heat storage structure and the first heat storage tank. In this embodiment, water is stored in the second phase change heat storage tank, the second phase change heat storage tank includes a sealed tank of a phase change material having a phase change temperature of 45 ° to 48 ° and a sealed tank of a phase change material having a phase change temperature of 58 °, and the volume of the sealed tank and the required amount and kind of the material are calculated according to the required heat energy. The heat is transferred from the sealed tank in the second heat storage tank by the water from the additional heat storage mechanism to store heat energy of 45 degrees or more, thereby achieving the purpose of high-grade multi-stage heat storage. And the water circulated back to the additional heat storage mechanism will directly enter the first heat storage tank.
The hot water required for the application, which is provided by the second phase change thermal storage tank to the external device 350, can typically reach above 45 degrees, which is sufficient to supply most of the requirements. The phase change material canisters of different phase change temperatures may be spaced apart from one another to facilitate fluid flow and heat dissipation. The canisters of the phase change material having the phase change temperature of 45-48 ° and the canisters of the phase change material having the phase change temperature of 58 ° may be spaced apart from each other and alternately arranged, for example, nine canisters of the phase change material having the phase change temperature of 45-48 ° and canisters of the phase change material having the phase change temperature of 58 ° may be spaced apart from each other and alternately charged from the top to the bottom, for better heat transfer.
The external equipment for supplying heat by the water leaving from the second phase-change heat storage tank can be equipment for realizing pure light heat heating, domestic hot water supply and zero carbon heat supply of families in northern areas, can also be used for supplying heat for floor heating of buildings or tail end fan coil pipes, and can also supply hot water for bathrooms.
The multi-stage heat storage application end phase-change heat storage system is utilized, and the system consisting of vacuum tube heat collection, the multi-stage phase-change heat storage water tank and regional phase-change heat storage is utilized for limited roof space applications or small-scale applications (such as household floor heating and domestic hot water). Meanwhile, due to the combination with photovoltaic power generation, the cold and warm supply of negative energy consumption is realized, and the system which uses the back end of the photovoltaic panel for heat taking as a primary heat source, uses vacuum tube heat collection as heat level lifting, comprises a multi-stage phase change heat storage water tank and regional phase change heat storage is formed.
The invention can also be combined with the lithium bromide refrigeration technology, and the lithium bromide refrigeration air conditioner can supply refrigeration by taking the lithium bromide refrigeration air conditioner as a heat source in non-heating seasons. For example, the main heat source for winter heating of public buildings, and the air conditioning system as a backup for extreme climates. Meanwhile, the heat grade can be further improved by using the basic heat sources of a regional heat station and a cold station and an air conditioner or a boiler so as to supply heat in a long distance.
When the total photovoltaic power generation amount exceeds the electric energy consumed by the system for supplementing heating and refrigeration, the system can also be used for heating and refrigeration with negative energy consumption, namely, municipal energy supply is not consumed, and is fed back, so that a negative energy consumption building can be realized through an energy-saving application means on the basis.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the form and style of the product of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by those of ordinary skill in the art should be considered without departing from the scope of the present invention. The construction and arrangement of the systems and methods as shown in the various exemplary embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.). For example, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or changed. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a multistage phase transition heat storage case, its characterized in that, multistage phase transition heat storage case includes:
a housing;
at least two sealed tanks containing phase-change materials and positioned in the shell, wherein the at least two sealed tanks are made of heat-conducting materials and respectively contain the phase-change materials with at least two different phase-change temperatures, and one phase-change material is stored in each sealed tank;
a heat transfer liquid in the housing for transferring heat in a manner capable of flowing directly between the at least two sealed tanks or through a pipe between the sealed tanks;
an outlet and an inlet at the housing for the exit and entry of the heat transfer liquid.
2. The multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank of claim 1, wherein the sealed tanks are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance, and the sealed tanks containing therein phase change materials having different phase change temperatures are arranged in an alternating manner with each other.
3. The multi-stage phase-change thermal storage tank of claim 1, further comprising a heat conducting pipeline in the housing for conducting a heat conducting fluid, wherein the heat conducting fluid flows in from a heat conducting fluid inlet on the housing and flows out from a heat conducting fluid outlet on the housing.
4. The photovoltaic multi-stage phase change heat storage structure is characterized by comprising the following components:
a heat collecting plate mounted to a rear surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, the heat collecting plate including a plurality of fluid passages communicated with each other to circulate and conduct heat of a heat transfer fluid, the heat collecting plate further including an inlet and an outlet for the entry and exit of the heat transfer fluid;
the multi-stage phase-change thermal storage tank of any one of claims 1 to 3, which receives the heat transfer fluid from the heat collection plate through the heat transfer pipeline, stores the temperature of the heat transfer fluid through phase change of the phase-change material, and discharges the heat transfer fluid through an outlet of the multi-stage phase-change thermal storage tank for use by other devices.
5. The photovoltaic multi-stage phase change thermal storage structure according to claim 4, wherein the heat transfer fluid in the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank comprises water.
6. The photovoltaic multi-stage phase change thermal storage structure according to claim 4, wherein the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank is further connected with an additional heat supply mechanism, and the multi-stage phase change thermal storage tank transfers heat transfer liquid to the additional heat supply mechanism for further heat storage.
7. The multilevel photovoltaic multilevel phase-change heat storage structure is characterized by comprising the following components:
a heat collecting plate mounted to a rear surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, the heat collecting plate including a plurality of fluid passages communicated with each other to circulate and conduct heat of a heat transfer fluid, the heat collecting plate further including an inlet and an outlet for the entry and exit of the heat transfer fluid;
first heat storage tank, including the shell, be located at least two in the shell are equipped with phase change material's seal pot, at least two seal pots are made by the heat conduction material to including the phase change material of at least one kind different phase transition temperature in at least two seal pots respectively, wherein, store a phase change material in every seal pot, still include heat transfer liquid, heat transfer liquid is located in the shell, with can direct flow or pass through the mode heat transfer that pipeline between the seal pot flows between at least two seal pots, be located the export and the entry of shell department, be used for the discharge and the entering of heat transfer liquid, still include the heat conduction pipeline in the shell for the transmission of heat conduction fluid, the heat conduction fluid flows in from the heat conduction liquid entry on the shell and flows out from the heat conduction liquid export on the shell
The heat transfer liquid in the first heat storage tank enters the additional heat supply mechanism, and the additional heat supply mechanism is used for further storing heat by utilizing the heat transfer liquid and supplying the heat transfer liquid after further heat storage to the multistage phase-change heat storage tank;
the multi-stage phase-change thermal storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which receives a heat transfer liquid from an additional heat supply mechanism through a connecting pipeline, stores the temperature of the heat transfer liquid through phase change of a phase-change material, and discharges the water through the outlet for use by other devices, and feeds the returned water into the first thermal storage tank for circulation.
8. The photovoltaic multi-stage phase-change heat storage structure according to claim 7, wherein valves are selectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank, and the inlet and the outlet of the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank are respectively controlled by opening and closing the valves to correspondingly control the inlet and the outlet of the fluid in the multi-stage phase-change heat storage tank.
9. The photovoltaic multi-stage phase change thermal storage structure according to claim 7, wherein the heat transfer fluid comprises water.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113864850A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-31 | 嘉兴学院 | Phase-change heat-storage anti-overheating floor radiation device |
| CN114440681A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage device and heat storage method thereof |
| CN115490383A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-20 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Membrane distillation device |
| CN114440681B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2024-06-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage device and heat storage method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-03-25 CN CN201910256142.7A patent/CN111735333A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114440681A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage device and heat storage method thereof |
| CN114440681B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2024-06-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage device and heat storage method thereof |
| CN113864850A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-31 | 嘉兴学院 | Phase-change heat-storage anti-overheating floor radiation device |
| CN115490383A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-20 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Membrane distillation device |
| CN115490383B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-07-14 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Membrane distillation device |
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