CN111733593A - Preparation method of high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN111733593A CN111733593A CN202010501137.0A CN202010501137A CN111733593A CN 111733593 A CN111733593 A CN 111733593A CN 202010501137 A CN202010501137 A CN 202010501137A CN 111733593 A CN111733593 A CN 111733593A
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- Prior art keywords
- mixing
- flame
- retardant
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- elastic fabric
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- -1 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dopamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229960001149 dopamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 15
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BSBSDQUZDZXGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cythioate Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 BSBSDQUZDZXGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001675082 Pulex Species 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZGTNBBQKHJMUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-lambda5-phosphanyl] sulfate Chemical compound OCP(CO)(CO)(CO)OS(=O)(=O)OP(CO)(CO)(CO)CO ZGTNBBQKHJMUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- AIRPJJGSWHWBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].OC[PH3+] AIRPJJGSWHWBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003366 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
- D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/18—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials elastic threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/368—Hydroxyalkylamines; Derivatives thereof, e.g. Kritchevsky bases
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric, and belongs to the technical field of fabrics and processing thereof. The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out a common reaction on layered hydroxide, sodium alginate and ammonium polyphosphate to prepare modified microspheres, then blending and extruding the modified microspheres and polytrimethylene terephthalate, then carrying out melt extrusion on the modified microspheres and the polytrimethylene terephthalate to obtain an extruded material, carrying out spinning, cooling and stretching on the extruded material to prepare a composite fiber, mixing the composite fiber and a dopamine hydrochloride solution, adding graphene oxide, mixing and soaking to prepare a composite flame-retardant fiber, and finally spinning the composite flame-retardant fiber into a fabric to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric. The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric prepared by the invention has excellent flame retardant property and breaking strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fabrics and processing thereof, in particular to a preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric.
Background
With the development of society, the requirements of people on fabrics are increasingly improved, especially in special occasions. The flame retardant property of the fabric is completely determined by the flame retardant property of the fabric fiber.
The flame-retardant fiber is a fiber which can not burn or can not burn sufficiently after being contacted with a fire source, only has small flame and can extinguish the flame quickly and automatically after the fire source is removed. Currently, the commonly used flame-retardant fibers are: PBI fibers, PVC fibers, PTFE, PPTA, pryianitz fibers, polyamide-imide fibers. The Prylanitz fiber has good hygroscopicity, does not melt under the action of radiant heat or flame, and can be used for a water-resisting vapor layer of fire-fighting clothing.
The autogenous fiber with flame retardant property has excellent solid flame retardant property, but has poor wearability and higher manufacturing cost, so that most of the existing flame retardant fibers carry out flame retardant modification on the traditional fiber. Proban finishing (Pulex finishing) of cotton fabrics is a common flame-retardant finishing method for the cotton fabrics, and is characterized in that low-molecular-weight aqueous solutions of tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate, tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium chloride and the like are adopted to be padded into the fabrics, the content of appropriate active ingredients is controlled, phosphorus compounds are infiltrated into amorphous regions and gaps of cotton fibers, the water content of the phosphorus compounds is controlled, then NH3 and hydroxymethyl groups in phosphorus precondensates are crosslinked through quantitative fumigation of ammonia gas, a flame-retardant polymer is formed inside the fibers, and a flame-retardant synergistic effect of phosphorus-nitrogen synergy is established; and then the trivalent phosphorus in the flame retardant in the fiber is converted into pentavalent phosphorus through oxidation, so that the flame retardant is further stabilized in the fiber. After the cotton fabric finished and processed by the method meets high-temperature flame, the phosphorus-containing compound is firstly decomposed to generate phosphoric acid or polyphosphoric anhydride which is not easy to volatilize, and the phosphoric acid or polyphosphoric anhydride and hydroxyl of cellulose are subjected to dehydration reaction to carbonize the fiber, so that the flame retardant effect is achieved. The fabric treated by the Proban method is soft in hand feeling, durable in flame retardant property, capable of bearing 50 (even 200) washes, still capable of keeping good flame retardant property and comfort of the fabric, suitable for being made into various protective clothing, bedding, decorative articles, flame retardant pajamas for children and the like, and is an important method for durable flame retardant finishing of cotton fabrics at present. But the biggest defect of the Pulubenzene finishing is that the breaking strength of the finished fabric is obviously reduced, and the strength is usually reduced by 20%; in particular, there is a significant reduction in tear strength. Thus, the application of such flame retardant processing techniques is seriously affected.
The common vinylon and the high-strength vinylon are both prepared by acetalizing hydroxyl groups of the PVA fiber with formaldehyde, and the hydroxyl groups in the PVA fiber are terminated with formaldehyde, so that the content of the hydroxyl groups in the fiber is greatly reduced, and the problem that the PVA fiber is easy to swell, adhere and dissolve is solved. However, the hydroxyl end-capping treatment by using formaldehyde has the problem of high requirement on the air tightness of hydroformylation processing equipment, and even if trace formaldehyde is leaked, the environment is polluted and workers are injured. Today, with increasing awareness of environmental protection, the use of formaldehyde as a method for controlling the hydroxyl content is not suitable for the current environmental protection requirements.
Therefore, there is a need to research and develop an elastic fiber having high strength and flame retardant properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 20-30 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate and 4-6 parts of graphene oxide.
The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is characterized by also comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of modified microspheres.
Preferably, the modified microspheres are prepared from layered hydroxide, sodium alginate and ammonium polyphosphate.
As optimization, the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of graphene oxide and 6 parts of modified microspheres.
As optimization, the preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate, adding ammonium polyphosphate, stirring for reaction to obtain a composite layered substance, mixing the composite layered substance with sodium alginate, and crosslinking under the action of a crosslinking agent to obtain modified microspheres;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the modified microspheres obtained in the step (1), and performing melt extrusion and drying to obtain mixed slices;
(3) melting and extruding polyethylene glycol terephthalate and the mixed slices obtained in the step (2), spinning, cooling to obtain fibrils, and stretching the fibrils to obtain composite fibers;
(4) mixing the composite fiber with a dopamine hydrochloride solution, adding graphene oxide, mixing, soaking, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the composite flame-retardant fiber;
(5) twisting and weaving the composite flame-retardant fiber obtained in the step (4) to prepare the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric
(6) And (5) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5).
As optimization, the preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing ammonium polyphosphate and water according to a mass ratio of 1:10, adjusting the pH value to 12 to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, mixing magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1.0-1.8: 1.0, adding water 18-30 times the mass of the magnesium nitrate, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed salt solution, mixing the mixed salt solution and the ammonium polyphosphate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:8, controlling the dropping rate of the mixed salt solution to be 2-5 mL/min, filtering and drying after a mixing reaction to obtain a composite layered product, mixing the composite layered product and the water according to a mass ratio of 1:20, adding sodium alginate 3-6 times the mass of the composite layered product, stirring and mixing to obtain a sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid, dropping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid into a calcium chloride solution with a mass fraction of 5% at a rate of 2-5 mL/min, filtering after the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid is completely dropped, drying and sieving;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (1) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 6:1, and mixing and extruding;
(3) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (2) in a mass ratio of 1:1.25 in a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to 2.8-4.0 times of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 120-160 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (3) with a dopamine hydrochloride solution according to a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass being 3-4 times that of the composite fiber, mixing, soaking, filtering, washing and drying;
(5) twisting the fiber obtained in the step (4) to 50-75D to obtain a yarn count, and putting the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the weight of 120g/m2The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is obtained by weaving the yarns with the gram weight;
(6) and (5) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5).
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder in the mixing extrusion in the step (2) are respectively as follows: 220 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 240 ℃ and 240 ℃.
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (3) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃.
And (3) optimizing the spinning conditions in the step (3) that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinning plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinning hole is 3: 1.
And (3) optimally, the dopamine hydrochloride solution in the step (3) is prepared by mixing dopamine and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% according to the mass ratio of 1: 12.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, modified microspheres are added into the composite flame-retardant fiber for preparing the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric, and the composite flame-retardant fiber is treated by a dopamine hydrochloride solution. Firstly, the outer side of the added modified microsphere is provided with a porous sodium alginate gel microsphere, after the modified microsphere is added into the composite flame-retardant fiber, due to the excellent flame-retardant property of sodium alginate, a carbon layer can be formed in the fiber when the composite flame-retardant fiber is burnt, so that the flame-retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is improved, and due to the porous characteristic of the sodium alginate gel microsphere, the modified microsphere can be used as a winding site of polytrimethylene terephthalate when being blended with polytrimethylene terephthalate, so that the breaking strength of the composite flame-retardant fiber is improved, further, the breaking strength of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is improved, secondly, the porous sodium alginate gel microsphere in the modified microsphere is coated with a layered compound deposited with ammonium polyphosphate, when the composite flame-retardant fiber is burnt, the layered compound can form a metal oxide layer, so that the heat insulation effect is achieved, and the formation of the carbon layer of the unburned coating, and then further improving the flame retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric, treating the composite flame-retardant fiber by using a dopamine hydrochloride solution to enable the surface of the composite flame-retardant fiber to have positive charges, and after the composite flame-retardant fiber is mixed with graphene oxide, the graphene oxide can be adsorbed to enable the graphene oxide to be coated on the surface of the composite flame-retardant fiber, so that the flame retardant property of the composite flame-retardant fiber is improved, further the flame retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is improved, and part of the graphene oxide can enter the modified microspheres, so that the flame retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the invention, the following examples are used for detailed description, and the test method of each index of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric manufactured in the following examples is as follows:
breaking strength: the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in each example and a comparative product are prepared into a sample of 5cm multiplied by 20cm, and the breaking strength of the sample is tested in a universal tensile machine.
Flame retardant property: the high strength flame retardant elastic fabrics obtained in each example and the comparative products were tested for limiting oxygen index according to GB/T5454.
Example 1
The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of graphene oxide and 6 parts of modified microspheres.
The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing ammonium polyphosphate and water in a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1:10, adjusting the pH value of materials in the beaker to 12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, mixing magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.0, adding water with the mass of 20 times that of the magnesium nitrate into the mixture of the magnesium nitrate and the aluminum nitrate, stirring and mixing for 30min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a mixed salt solution, mixing the mixed salt solution and the ammonium polyphosphate solution in a three-neck flask according to the mass ratio of 1:8, introducing nitrogen into the three-neck flask at the speed of 30mL/min, controlling the dropping speed of the mixed salt solution to be 4mL/min, mixing and reacting for 3h at the temperature of 45 ℃, filtering to obtain a composite layered blank, drying the composite layered blank for 3h at the temperature of 70 ℃, obtaining a composite layered object, mixing the composite layered object with water according to a mass ratio of 1:20, adding sodium alginate with 5 times of the mass of the composite layered object, stirring and mixing for 30min at a temperature of 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid, dripping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid into a calcium chloride solution with a mass fraction of 5% at a speed of 3mL/min, filtering after finishing dripping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake for 6h at a temperature of 80 ℃, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (1) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 6:1, and mixing and extruding;
(3) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (2) in a mass ratio of 1:1.25 in a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to be 3.2 times of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 140 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (3) with a dopamine hydrochloride solution in a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass 4 times that of the composite fiber into the mixture of the substance obtained in the step (3) and the dopamine hydrochloride solution, mixing and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature, filtering to obtain a composite flame-retardant fiber blank, washing the composite flame-retardant fiber blank with deionized water for 8 times, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(5) twisting the fiber obtained in the step (4) for 75D to obtain a yarn count, and putting the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the weight of 120g/m2The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is obtained by weaving the yarns with the gram weight;
(6) and (5) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5).
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder in the mixing extrusion in the step (2) are respectively as follows: 220 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 240 ℃ and 240 ℃.
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (3) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃.
And (3) optimizing the spinning conditions in the step (3) that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinning plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinning hole is 3: 1.
And (3) optimally, the dopamine hydrochloride solution in the step (3) is prepared by mixing dopamine and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% according to the mass ratio of 1: 12.
Example 2
The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of graphene oxide and 6 parts of composite laminate.
The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing ammonium polyphosphate and water in a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1:10, adjusting the pH value of materials in the beaker to 12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, mixing magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.0, adding water with the mass of 20 times that of the magnesium nitrate into the mixture of the magnesium nitrate and the aluminum nitrate, stirring and mixing for 30min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a mixed salt solution, mixing the mixed salt solution and the ammonium polyphosphate solution in a three-neck flask according to the mass ratio of 1:8, introducing nitrogen into the three-neck flask at the speed of 30mL/min, controlling the dropping speed of the mixed salt solution to be 4mL/min, mixing and reacting for 3h at the temperature of 45 ℃, filtering to obtain a composite layered blank, drying the composite layered blank for 3h at the temperature of 70 ℃, obtaining a composite layered object;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (1) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 6:1, and mixing and extruding;
(3) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (2) in a mass ratio of 1:1.25 in a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to be 3.2 times of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 140 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (3) with a dopamine hydrochloride solution in a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass 4 times that of the composite fiber into the mixture of the substance obtained in the step (3) and the dopamine hydrochloride solution, mixing and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature, filtering to obtain a composite flame-retardant fiber blank, washing the composite flame-retardant fiber blank with deionized water for 8 times, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(5) twisting the fiber obtained in the step (4) to 75D to obtain yarn count, and putting the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the weight of 120g/m2The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is obtained by weaving the yarns with the gram weight;
(6) and (5) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5).
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder in the mixing extrusion in the step (2) are respectively as follows: 220 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 240 ℃ and 240 ℃.
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (3) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃.
And (3) optimizing the spinning conditions in the step (3) that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinning plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinning hole is 3: 1.
And (3) optimally, the dopamine hydrochloride solution in the step (3) is prepared by mixing dopamine and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% according to the mass ratio of 1: 12.
Example 3
The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of graphene oxide and 6 parts of modified microspheres.
The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing ammonium polyphosphate and water according to a mass ratio of 1:20, adding sodium alginate with the mass 5 times that of the ammonium polyphosphate, stirring and mixing for 30min at a temperature of 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid, dripping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid into a calcium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 5% at a speed of 3mL/min, filtering after the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid is completely dripped to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake for 6h at a temperature of 80 ℃, and sieving the filter cake with a 650-mesh sieve;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (1) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 6:1, and mixing and extruding;
(3) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (2) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.25, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to 3.2 of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 140 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (3) with a dopamine hydrochloride solution in a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass 4 times that of the composite fiber into the mixture of the substance obtained in the step (3) and the dopamine hydrochloride solution, mixing and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature, filtering to obtain a composite flame-retardant fiber blank, washing the composite flame-retardant fiber blank with deionized water for 8 times, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(5) twisting the fiber obtained in the step (4) to 75D to obtain yarn count, and putting the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the weight of 120g/m2The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is obtained by weaving the yarns with the gram weight;
(6) and (5) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5).
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder in the mixing extrusion in the step (2) are respectively as follows: 220 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 240 ℃ and 240 ℃.
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (3) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃.
And (3) optimizing the spinning conditions in the step (3) that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinning plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinning hole is 3: 1.
And (3) optimally, the dopamine hydrochloride solution in the step (3) is prepared by mixing dopamine and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% according to the mass ratio of 1: 12.
Example 4
The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of graphene oxide and 6 parts of modified microspheres.
The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing ammonium polyphosphate and water in a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1:10, adjusting the pH value of materials in the beaker to 12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, mixing magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.0, adding water with the mass of 20 times that of the magnesium nitrate into the mixture of the magnesium nitrate and the aluminum nitrate, stirring and mixing for 30min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a mixed salt solution, mixing the mixed salt solution and the ammonium polyphosphate solution in a three-neck flask according to the mass ratio of 1:8, introducing nitrogen into the three-neck flask at the speed of 30mL/min, controlling the dropping speed of the mixed salt solution to be 4mL/min, mixing and reacting for 3h at the temperature of 45 ℃, filtering to obtain a composite layered blank, drying the composite layered blank for 3h at the temperature of 70 ℃, obtaining a composite layered object, mixing the composite layered object with water according to a mass ratio of 1:20, adding sodium alginate with 5 times of the mass of the composite layered object, stirring and mixing for 30min at a temperature of 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid, dripping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid into a calcium chloride solution with a mass fraction of 5% at a speed of 3mL/min, filtering after finishing dripping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake for 6h at a temperature of 80 ℃, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (1) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 6:1, and mixing and extruding;
(3) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (2) in a mass ratio of 1:1.25 in a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to be 3.2 times of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 140 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (3) with water according to a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass being 4 times that of the composite fiber into the mixture of the substance obtained in the step (3) and the water, mixing and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature, filtering to obtain a composite flame-retardant fiber blank, washing the composite flame-retardant fiber blank with deionized water for 8 times, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(5) twisting the fiber obtained in the step (4) to 75D to obtain yarn count, and putting the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the weight of 120g/m2The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is obtained by weaving the yarns with the gram weight;
(6) and (5) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5).
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder in the mixing extrusion in the step (2) are respectively as follows: 220 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 240 ℃ and 240 ℃.
As optimization, the five temperature intervals in the twin-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (3) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃.
And (3) optimizing the spinning conditions in the step (3) that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinning plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinning hole is 3: 1.
Comparative example
The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate and 5 parts of graphene oxide.
The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.25, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to be 3.2 times of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 140 ℃;
(2) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) with water according to a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass being 4 times that of the composite fiber into the mixture of the substance obtained in the step (1) and the water, mixing and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature, filtering to obtain a composite flame-retardant fiber blank, washing the composite flame-retardant fiber blank with deionized water for 8 times, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(3) twisting the fiber obtained in the step (2) to 75D to obtain yarn count, and putting the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the weight of 120g/m2The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is obtained by weaving the yarns with the gram weight;
(4) and (4) carrying out index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (3).
As optimization, the five temperatures in the twin-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (1) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃.
As optimization, the spinning conditions in the step (1) are that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinning plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinning hole is 3: 1.
Examples of effects
Table 1 below shows the results of the fracture strength and flame retardant property analysis of the high strength flame retardant elastic fabrics using examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative example.
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example | |
| Breaking strength (N) | 806 | 786 | 700 | 702 | 601 |
| Limiting oxygen index (%) | 30 | 26 | 24 | 23 | 21 |
Compared with the experimental data of the comparative example and the example 1 in the table 1, it can be found that the breaking strength and the flame retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric can be effectively improved by adding the modified microspheres into the composite flame-retardant fiber for preparing the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric and treating the composite flame-retardant fiber with the dopamine hydrochloride solution; from the comparison of the experimental data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, it can be found that when no composite layered material is added into the composite flame-retardant fiber for preparing the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric, the content of the flame retardant in the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is reduced, and a compact carbon layer cannot be formed during combustion, so that the flame retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is reduced, and from the comparison of the experimental data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 3, when no sodium alginate microspheres are added into the composite flame-retardant fiber for preparing the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric, the sodium alginate has the flame retardant property, after the sodium alginate microspheres are not added into the composite flame-retardant fiber, the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric cannot form a compact carbon layer during combustion, and the winding sites of the polytrimethylene terephthalate are reduced, so that the; from the comparison of the experimental data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 4, it can be found that when the composite flame-retardant fiber is not treated by using the dopamine hydrochloride solution, the subsequent graphene oxide cannot be adsorbed on the surface of the composite flame-retardant fiber and cannot be embedded in the modified microspheres, so that the formation of a carbon layer is influenced, and the flame retardant property of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is further reduced.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (1)
1. The high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 20-30 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate and 4-6 parts of graphene oxide; 4-8 parts of modified microspheres; the modified microspheres are prepared from layered hydroxide, sodium alginate and ammonium polyphosphate; the preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing ammonium polyphosphate and water according to a mass ratio of 1:10, adjusting the pH value to 12 to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, mixing magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1.0-1.8: 1.0, adding water 18-30 times the mass of the magnesium nitrate, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed salt solution, mixing the mixed salt solution and the ammonium polyphosphate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:8, controlling the dropping rate of the mixed salt solution to be 2-5 mL/min, filtering and drying after a mixing reaction to obtain a composite layered product, mixing the composite layered product and the water according to a mass ratio of 1:20, adding sodium alginate 3-6 times the mass of the composite layered product, stirring and mixing to obtain a sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid, dropping the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid into a calcium chloride solution with a mass fraction of 5% at a rate of 2-5 mL/min, filtering after the sodium alginate mixed dispersion liquid is completely dropped, drying and sieving;
(2) mixing polytrimethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (1) in a double-screw extruder according to the mass ratio of 6:1, and mixing and extruding;
(3) mixing polyethylene terephthalate and the substance obtained in the step (2) in a mass ratio of 1:1.25 in a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a mixed spinning material, carrying out spinning on the mixed spinning material, cooling to obtain fibrils, and drawing the fibrils to 2.8-4.0 times of the fibrils under the condition that the temperature is 120-160 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (3) with a dopamine hydrochloride solution according to a mass ratio of 1:12, adding graphene oxide with the mass being 3-4 times that of the composite fiber, mixing, soaking, filtering, washing and drying;
(5) twisting the fibers obtained in the step (4) to 50-75D to obtain a yarn count, and weaving the yarn count in a weaving machine according to the gram weight of 120g/m2 to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric;
(6) performing index analysis on the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric obtained in the step (5);
the high-strength flame-retardant elastic fabric comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 25 parts of polytrimethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of graphene oxide and 6 parts of modified microspheres;
the five temperature intervals in the double-screw extruder during the mixed extrusion in the step (2) are respectively as follows: 220 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 240 ℃ and 240 ℃;
the five temperature intervals in the double-screw extruder during the melt extrusion in the step (3) are respectively as follows: 270 ℃, 295 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃; the spinning conditions in the step (3) are that the spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the spinning speed is 800m/min, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 99.5mm, and the length-diameter ratio of a spinneret orifice is 3: 1; and (3) mixing dopamine and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% according to the mass ratio of 1:12 to obtain the dopamine hydrochloride solution.
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| CN111733593B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
| CN111793972B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN111793972A (en) | 2020-10-20 |
| CN110607684B (en) | 2020-07-17 |
| CN110607684A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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