CN111733303A - Blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system and method - Google Patents
Blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111733303A CN111733303A CN202010777405.1A CN202010777405A CN111733303A CN 111733303 A CN111733303 A CN 111733303A CN 202010777405 A CN202010777405 A CN 202010777405A CN 111733303 A CN111733303 A CN 111733303A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/04—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot slag, hot residues, or heated blocks, e.g. iron blocks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
- F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of metallurgical waste heat recovery, and provides a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system and a method, wherein the blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag heat preservation system, a cast slag heat exchanger system, a hot air waste heat replacement system and a high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system; the high-temperature molten slag heat preservation system is used for buffering the flow of the high-temperature molten slag, keeping the temperature of the high-temperature molten slag above a freezing point and adjusting the output flow of the high-temperature molten slag; the casting slag heat exchanger system is used for rapidly cooling high-temperature slag entering the casting slag heat exchanger into vitreous slag sheets and replacing enthalpy released in the cooling process of the high-temperature slag into heat exchange air; the hot air waste heat replacement system is used for replacing the enthalpy of the hot air replaced by the casting slag heat exchanger system into steam; compared with the current general water quenching method, the system and the method can recover a large amount of high-quality enthalpy, completely do not use water, and have no problems of alkaline water pollution and air pollution while processing the high-temperature slag into a glass body, thereby really achieving the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects of comprehensively utilizing the blast furnace slag.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical waste heat recovery, and particularly relates to a comprehensive utilization system and method for blast furnace slag.
Background
China is a large country with large steel capacity, 2.1 million tons of blast furnace slag are produced every year according to 7 million tons of iron produced every year, the tapping temperature of the blast furnace slag is above 1450 ℃, the sensible heat and latent heat of fusion contained in the blast furnace slag are about 1.97GJ/t, the blast furnace slag is equivalent to 67.13kg of standard coal, and 1 seat of 1500Nm3Blast furnace yearThe produced high-temperature slag is about 55 ten thousand tons, and if the enthalpy of the part can reach 70 percent recovery, the recoverable heat is 2.58 ten thousand tons of standard coal, which is nearly 3.3 ten thousand tons of raw coal. The national yield per production is 1500Nm3The total number of the blast furnaces is more than 400, 1032 ten thousand tons of standard coal can be recovered, which is equivalent to 1313 ten thousand tons of raw coal and can reach the annual output of ten large-scale (more than 120 ten tons per year) coal mines.
At present, blast furnace slag in China is basically treated by a water quenching method, more than 10 tons of slag flushing water are needed for treating each ton of slag, wherein the new water consumption for evaporation and taking away by water slag is 0.65-1.25 t per ton of slag, and 1 block of 1500Nm slag is3The annual water consumption of the blast furnace is about 55 ten thousand cubic meters, the hydrogen sulfide escaped during slag flushing is about 21.62t/y, the energy required for drying the water-containing slag during the production of ultrafine powder is 9500 tons of standard coal per year, the water quantity wasted by the water quenching method of the blast furnace in China is up to 2.2 hundred million cubic meters, the energy wasted by drying is up to 182 ten thousand tons of standard coal per year, and the yield of 1 large coal mine is also achieved.
Blast furnace slag is cooled into a vitreous body when being used as a cement raw material, otherwise, the blast furnace slag can only be treated as landfill solid waste, almost all blast furnace slag in China can only be obtained into the vitreous body by a water quenching method, and no practical application example for obtaining the vitreous body by a dry method exists at present.
The current treatment method of blast furnace slag wastes a large amount of energy and a large amount of fresh water and causes environmental pollution, and the blast furnace slag is utilized at the great expense.
Because the water quenching glass body slag can be used as a cement raw material, and a factory has income, the dry slag which needs to be treated is still a glass body while the waste heat of the blast furnace slag is recovered, the utilization problem of the slag can be solved, and an enterprise has enthusiasm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system and a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization method, and aims to solve the problems that a water quenching method wastes a large amount of energy and water sources and causes environmental pollution.
The invention is realized in this way, a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system, including a high-temperature slag heat preservation system, a cast slag heat exchanger system, a hot air residual heat replacement system and a high-temperature slag particle residual heat replacement system;
the high-temperature molten slag heat preservation system is used for buffering the flow of the high-temperature molten slag, keeping the temperature of the high-temperature molten slag above a freezing point and adjusting the output flow of the high-temperature molten slag;
the cast slag heat exchanger system is used for rapidly cooling the high-temperature molten slag passing through the high-temperature molten slag heat insulation system into vitreous slag sheets and replacing enthalpy released in the cooling process of the high-temperature molten slag into heat exchange air;
the hot air waste heat replacement system is used for replacing the enthalpy of the hot air replaced by the casting slag heat exchanger system into steam;
the high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system is used for replacing the waste heat of the high-temperature slag particles into steam after crushing the vitreous slag sheets output by the cast slag heat exchanger system into slag particles.
Preferably, the high-temperature molten slag heat-preservation system comprises a heat-preservation slag ladle, wherein the heat-preservation slag ladle comprises a heating ladle cover, a heat-preservation ladle body, a throttling slag hole and a slag groove.
Preferably, the casting slag heat exchanger system comprises a casting slag heat exchanger, and the casting slag heat exchanger comprises a sealed casing, a casting slag hole, a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel, a casting mold chain, a tensioning device, a thickness adjusting roller, a width detection device, a low-temperature jet flow area, a high-temperature jet flow area and a slag discharging groove.
Preferably, the hot air waste heat replacement system comprises a low-temperature fan, a medium-temperature fan and a hot air waste heat boiler, wherein an inlet of the low-temperature fan is connected with a low-temperature air outlet of the hot air waste heat boiler through a heat insulation pipeline, an outlet of the low-temperature fan is connected with an inlet of a low-temperature jet device through a heat insulation pipeline, and the low-temperature fan is used for pumping out high-temperature air replaced in the casting slag heat exchanger through a high-temperature air suction port and the hot air waste heat boiler and blowing the high-temperature air into the low-; the inlet of the medium temperature fan is connected with the outlet of the medium temperature air suction inlet through a heat insulation pipeline, the outlet of the medium temperature fan is connected with the inlet of the high temperature jet flow device through a heat insulation pipeline, and the medium temperature fan is used for extracting medium temperature air generated in the low temperature jet flow region and blowing the medium temperature air into the high temperature jet flow region again so as to further rapidly cool the slag sheets; the heat exchange medium in the hot air waste heat replacement system is air, and the heat exchange medium circulates in a closed loop system consisting of a low-temperature fan, a low-temperature jet flow device, a medium-temperature air suction opening, a medium-temperature fan, a high-temperature jet flow device, a high-temperature air suction opening and a hot air waste heat boiler, and the enthalpy released in the rapid cooling process of the high-temperature slag is conveyed to the hot air waste heat boiler by taking hot air as the medium to be replaced for soft water, so that medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam is generated.
Preferably, the high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system comprises a crusher, a slag particle elevator and a solid waste heat boiler, wherein the crusher is used for crushing slag pieces from the cast slag heat exchanger into slag particles with the size of below 20mm, an inlet of the crusher is arranged below the lower end of the slag discharging groove, and an outlet of the crusher is aligned with an inlet of the slag particle elevator; the slag particle elevator is used for lifting high-temperature slag particles from an outlet of the crusher to a charging hole of the solid waste heat boiler, and adopts a heat insulation structure; the effect of solid exhaust-heat boiler is that the enthalpy replacement with the sediment grain gives soft water, produces medium temperature middling pressure steam to cool off the sediment grain temperature 150 ℃ out of the stove, there are a plurality of sediment grain passageways that constitute spacial from top to bottom by the boiler steel pipe in the solid exhaust-heat boiler, high temperature sediment grain gets into in the solid exhaust-heat boiler from the even cloth of charging port, leans on the dead weight to slowly descend, and the heat is replaced through the pipe fitting and is given soft water, and the sediment grain also progressively cools off, discharges through the discharge gate at last, and solid exhaust-heat boiler's below evenly is provided with a plurality of discharge gate, the ejection of compact in turn.
Preferably, the heating ladle cover is provided with a heating burner and a temperature thermocouple; a slag receiving port is arranged above one side of the heat preservation bag body, and a throttling slag port is arranged below the other side of the heat preservation bag body, wherein the opening of the throttling slag port is controlled by an actuating mechanism so as to control the flow of high-temperature molten slag; the slag groove is used for conveying high-temperature slag in the heat-preservation slag ladle to the casting slag heat exchanger, one end of the slag groove is connected with the throttling slag hole, and the other end of the slag groove is connected with the casting slag hole of the casting slag heat exchanger.
Preferably, the sealed enclosure is used for forming a sealed heat-insulating cavity, is made of section steel and steel plates, and is lined with heat-insulating materials; the slag casting port is used for guiding high-temperature slag from the slag groove to the casting mould chain, is made of a heat-resistant steel plate, and is lined with a high-temperature-resistant scouring-resistant material; the mold chain is formed by assembling a flat mold and a chain; the mold chain is assembled on a driving chain wheel and a driven chain wheel, and the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel are used for driving and tensioning the mold chain; the input shaft of the driving chain wheel is connected with the output shaft of the gearbox arranged on the outer side of the sealed shell, and the input shaft of the gearbox is connected with the output shaft of the motor; the driven chain wheel is connected with a tensioning device, and when the growth degree of the casting chain changes under the influence of temperature change, the tensioning device enables the driven chain wheel to slide by additional tension to compensate the length change of the casting chain; the thickness of the slag sheet cast by the high-temperature slag is controlled by the thickness adjusting roller through adjusting the height of a gap between the thickness adjusting roller and the casting mold chain up and down; the width detection device can continuously detect the width change of the slag sheet behind the thickness adjusting roller on line, and the opening of the throttling slag hole is adjusted through the control system to achieve the purpose of controlling the width of the slag sheet; the low-temperature jet flow area is used for inputting low-temperature air to jet flow at a high speed to cool the slag sheet and outputting medium-temperature air, and the high-temperature jet flow area is used for inputting medium-temperature air to jet flow at a high speed again to cool the slag sheet and outputting high-temperature air.
Preferably, the low-temperature jet flow area consists of a low-temperature jet flow device and a medium-temperature air suction opening, an inlet of the low-temperature jet flow device is connected with an outlet of the low-temperature fan through a heat insulation pipeline, and an outlet of the medium-temperature air suction opening is connected with an inlet of the medium-temperature fan through a heat insulation pipeline; the high-temperature jet flow area consists of a high-temperature jet flow device and a high-temperature air suction opening, the inlet of the high-temperature jet flow device is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature fan through a heat insulation pipeline, and the outlet of the high-temperature air suction opening is connected with the high-temperature air inlet of the hot air exhaust-heat boiler through a heat insulation pipeline.
Preferably, the tensioning device is composed of 2 slider bearings, 2 chains and a counterweight block, wherein the 2 slider bearings are respectively sleeved at two ends of the supporting shaft of the driven sprocket and are respectively connected with the chains, the chains are connected with the counterweight block, and the counterweight block provides constant tension for the driven sprocket so as to tension the mold chain and adjust the weight of the counterweight block so as to adjust the tension of the mold chain.
Preferably, the slag notch is used for outputting the vitreous body slag piece to the cast slag heat exchanger, the slag notch is obliquely placed, and the slag piece automatically drops from the casting mold chain and then slides out of the cast slag heat exchanger through the slag notch to enter the crusher.
The invention also provides a using method of the blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: after liquid blast furnace slag from a blast furnace enters a heat-preservation slag ladle, a burner on a ladle cover of the heat-preservation slag ladle burns to keep the temperature of the upper surface of slag liquid above 1400 ℃, and the slag flows out from a throttling slag hole at the bottom of the slag ladle and enters a slag casting hole through a slag groove;
s2: liquid slag entering the casting slag heat exchanger from the casting slag port is cast on a flat-plate casting mold of the casting mold chain, moves forwards along with the casting mold chain, and is subjected to die casting to form a slag sheet with the thickness of 5-20 mm when passing through a thickness adjusting roller;
s3: the liquid core slag sheets which are die-cast into a specified thickness sequentially advance from the low-temperature air jet flow region to the high-temperature air jet flow region, and are rapidly cooled and solidified by heat exchange air through two times of air jet flow in the process to form vitreous slag sheets;
s4: discharging the casting slag heat exchanger after the finally formed vitreous slag sheet on the casting mold chain falls into a slag discharging groove;
s5: the high-temperature vitreous slag pieces discharged from the slag discharging groove enter a crusher and are crushed into vitreous slag particles with the granularity of less than 20 mm;
s6: conveying the high-temperature vitreous slag particles crushed by the crusher to a charging hole of a solid waste heat boiler through a slag particle elevator;
s7: high-temperature vitreous slag particles are uniformly loaded from a charging hole at the upper part of the solid waste heat boiler, then gradually descend to a discharge hole by means of dead weight and are discharged, heat is exchanged to steam in the process, and the steam can be conveyed to a storage bin or directly conveyed to a processing plant to be prepared into a fine slag powder finished product as a special cement raw material;
s8: the low-temperature fan pumps air from a low-temperature air outlet of the hot air waste heat boiler, the air is blown into a low-temperature air jet flow device in the casting slag heat exchanger, the high-temperature air is blown into a high-temperature air jet flow device after being pumped out from a medium-temperature air suction opening by the medium-temperature fan, the high-temperature air is sucked out from a high-temperature air suction opening and enters the hot air waste heat boiler through a heat insulation pipeline, after the high-temperature air is subjected to heat exchange in the hot air waste heat boiler, the low-temperature air with the reduced temperature is pumped out from the low-temperature air; the air is taken as a heat exchange medium and circularly runs in a closed system consisting of a low-temperature fan, a low-temperature air jet area, a medium-temperature fan, a high-temperature air jet area and a hot air waste heat boiler, and the high-temperature air exchanges heat to steam after entering the hot air waste heat boiler;
s9: the steam generated from the solid waste heat boiler and the hot air waste heat boiler can be combined and then sent out to a steam pipe network or conveyed to a power plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system and method, the blast furnace slag can be quickly condensed into vitreous slag in the cast slag heat exchanger, and simultaneously, the enthalpy of the blast furnace slag in the condensing and cooling processes is replaced through the jet flow region, the hot air waste heat boiler and the solid waste heat boiler in the cast slag heat exchanger, so that high-quality medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam is produced, and the system waste heat recovery rate is up to more than 73%. The glass slag particles can be made into cement raw materials as the grain slag produced by the water quenching method, and the original income of enterprises on the grain slag products is not influenced or even increased. Compared with the current general water quenching method, the system and the method can recover a large amount of high-quality enthalpy, completely do not use water, and have no problems of alkaline water pollution and air pollution while processing the high-temperature slag into a glass body, thereby really achieving the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects of comprehensively utilizing the blast furnace slag.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 100-high-temperature slag heat preservation system, 200-casting slag heat exchanger system, 300-hot air waste heat exchange system, 400-high-temperature slag particle waste heat exchange system, 1-heating ladle cover, 2-heat preservation ladle body, 3-throttling slag hole, 4-slag groove, 5-casting slag hole, 6-thickness adjusting roller, 7-width detecting device, 8-low-temperature fan, 9-medium-temperature fan, 10-low-temperature air outlet, 11-hot air waste heat boiler, 12-heat preservation slag ladle, 13-casting slag heat exchanger, 14-sealed casing, 15-tensioning device, 16-driven chain wheel, 17-casting mold chain, 18-low-temperature jet area, 19-low-temperature jet, 20-medium-temperature air suction hole, 21-high-temperature jet area, 22-high-temperature jet, 23-high temperature air suction opening, 24-driving sprocket, 25-slag discharging groove, 26-crusher, 27-slag particle elevator, 28-high temperature air inlet, 29-charging opening, 30-solid waste heat boiler and 31-discharging opening.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag heat preservation system 100, a cast slag heat exchanger system 200, a hot air waste heat replacement system 300 and a high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system 400.
The high-temperature slag heat preservation system 100 is used for buffering the flow of the high-temperature slag, keeping the temperature of the high-temperature slag above a freezing point and adjusting the output flow of the high-temperature slag.
The casting slag heat exchanger system 200 is used for rapidly cooling the high-temperature slag passing through the high-temperature slag heat preservation system 100 into vitreous slag sheets, and replacing enthalpy released in the high-temperature slag cooling process into heat exchange air.
The hot air waste heat replacement system 300 is used for replacing the enthalpy of the hot air replaced by the casting slag heat exchanger system 200 into steam.
The high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system 400 is used for replacing the waste heat of the high-temperature slag particles into steam after crushing the vitreous slag pieces output by the casting slag heat exchanger system 200 into slag particles.
The high temperature slag insulation system 100 includes an insulated slag ladle 12, and the insulated slag ladle 12 is used for storing and supplying slag to be treated to a cast slag heat exchanger 13. The heat-preservation slag ladle 12 comprises a heating ladle cover 1, a heat-preservation ladle body 2 and a slag groove 4. The heat preservation inclusion 2 is used for containing the molten slag, the top of the heat preservation inclusion 2 is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with a heating ladle cover 1, the lower edge of the side wall of the heat preservation inclusion 2 is provided with a throttling slag hole 3, and the throttling slag hole 3 is connected with a slag groove 4. The slag groove 4 is arranged obliquely. A heating burner and a temperature thermocouple are arranged on the heating ladle cover 1; a slag receiving port is arranged above one side of the heat preservation bag body 2, a throttling slag port 3 is arranged below the other side of the heat preservation bag body, and the opening of the throttling slag port 3 is controlled by an actuating mechanism so as to control the flow of high-temperature slag; the slag groove 4 is used for conveying high-temperature slag in the heat-preservation slag ladle 12 to the casting slag heat exchanger 13, one end of the slag groove 4 is connected with the throttling slag hole 3, and the other end of the slag groove 4 is connected with the casting slag hole 5 of the casting slag heat exchanger 13.
The casting slag heat exchanger system 200 comprises a casting slag heat exchanger 13, and the casting slag heat exchanger 13 comprises a sealed casing 14, a casting slag port 5, a driving sprocket 24, a driven sprocket 16, a casting mold chain 17, a tensioning device 15, a thickness adjusting roller 6, a width detection device 7, a low-temperature jet flow zone 18, a high-temperature jet flow zone 21 and a slag discharging groove 25.
The sealed casing 14 is used for forming a sealed heat-insulating cavity, is made of section steel and steel plates and is lined with heat-insulating materials; the slag casting port 5 is used for guiding high-temperature slag from the slag groove 4 to the casting mould chain 17, is made of a heat-resistant steel plate, and is lined with a high-temperature resistant scouring-resistant material; the mold chain 17 is assembled by a flat mold and a chain; the mold chain 17 is assembled on a driving sprocket 24 and a driven sprocket 16, and the driving sprocket 24 and the driven sprocket 16 are used for driving and tensioning the mold chain 17; an input shaft of the driving chain wheel 24 is connected with a gearbox output shaft arranged on the outer side of the sealed shell 14, and a gearbox input shaft is connected with a motor output shaft; the driven chain wheel 16 is connected with a tensioning device 15, and when the length of the mold chain 17 changes under the influence of temperature change, the tensioning device 15 enables the driven chain wheel 16 to slide by additional tension to compensate the length change of the mold chain 17; the thickness adjusting roller 6 controls the thickness of the slag sheet cast by the high-temperature slag by adjusting the height of a gap between the thickness adjusting roller and the casting mold chain 17 up and down; the width detection device 7 can continuously detect the width change of the slag sheet behind the thickness adjusting roller 6 on line, and the opening of the throttling slag hole 3 is adjusted through the control system to achieve the purpose of controlling the width of the slag sheet; the low-temperature jet flow area 18 is used for inputting low-temperature air to jet at a high speed to cool the slag sheet and outputting medium-temperature air, and the high-temperature jet flow area 21 is used for inputting medium-temperature air to jet at a high speed again to cool the slag sheet and outputting high-temperature air.
The hot air waste heat replacement system 300 comprises a low-temperature fan 8, a medium-temperature fan 9 and a hot air waste heat boiler 11, wherein the inlet of the low-temperature fan 8 is connected with the low-temperature air outlet 10 of the hot air waste heat boiler 11 through a heat insulation pipeline, the outlet of the low-temperature fan 8 is connected with the inlet of a low-temperature jet 19 through the heat insulation pipeline, and the low-temperature fan 8 is used for pumping high-temperature air out through a high-temperature air suction port 23 and the hot air waste heat boiler 11 and blowing the high-temperature air into the low-; an inlet of the medium temperature fan 9 is connected with an outlet of the medium temperature air suction opening 20 through a heat insulation pipeline, an outlet of the medium temperature fan 9 is connected with an inlet of the high temperature jet flow device 22 through a heat insulation pipeline, and the medium temperature fan 9 is used for extracting medium temperature air generated by the low temperature jet flow region 18 and blowing the medium temperature air into the high temperature jet flow region 21 again to further rapidly cool the slag pieces; the heat exchange medium in the hot air waste heat replacement system 300 is air, and circulates in a closed loop system consisting of a low-temperature fan 8, a low-temperature jet flow device 19, a medium-temperature air suction opening 20, a medium-temperature fan 9, a high-temperature jet flow device 22, a high-temperature air suction opening 23 and a hot air waste heat boiler 11, and the enthalpy released in the rapid cooling process of the high-temperature molten slag is conveyed to the hot air waste heat boiler 11 by using hot air as the medium to be replaced by soft water, so that medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam is generated.
The low-temperature jet flow region 18 consists of a low-temperature jet flow device 19 and a medium-temperature air suction port 20, the inlet of the low-temperature jet flow device 19 is connected with the outlet of the low-temperature fan 8 through a heat insulation pipeline, and the outlet of the medium-temperature air suction port 20 is connected with the inlet of the medium-temperature fan 9 through a heat insulation pipeline; the high-temperature jet flow area 21 consists of a high-temperature jet flow device 22 and a high-temperature air suction opening 23, the inlet of the high-temperature jet flow device 22 is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature fan 9 through a heat insulation pipeline, and the outlet of the high-temperature air suction opening 23 is connected with the high-temperature air inlet 28 of the hot air exhaust-heat boiler 11 through a heat insulation pipeline.
The slag notch 25 is used for outputting the vitreous body slag piece out of the cast slag heat exchanger 13, the slag notch 25 is placed obliquely, the slag piece automatically drops from the casting mold chain 17 and then slides out of the cast slag heat exchanger 13 through the slag notch 25 to enter the crusher 26.
The tensioning device 15 is composed of 2 slider bearings, 2 chains and a counterweight, wherein the 2 slider bearings are respectively sleeved at two ends of a supporting shaft of the driven sprocket 16 and are respectively connected with the chains, the chains are connected with the counterweight, and the counterweight provides constant tension for the driven sprocket 16 so as to tension the mold chain 17, and the weight of the counterweight can be adjusted to adjust the tension of the mold chain 17.
The high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system 400 comprises a crusher 26, a slag particle elevator 27 and a solid waste heat boiler 30, wherein the crusher 26 is used for crushing slag pieces from the cast slag heat exchanger into slag particles with the size of below 20mm, an inlet of the crusher 26 is arranged below the lower end of the slag discharging groove 25, and an outlet of the crusher 26 is aligned with an inlet of the slag particle elevator 27; the slag particle elevator 27 is used for elevating high-temperature slag particles from the outlet of the crusher 26 to the charging port 29 of the solid waste heat boiler 30, and the slag particle elevator 27 adopts a heat insulation structure; the solid waste heat boiler 30 is used for replacing enthalpy of slag particles with soft water to generate medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam, cooling the temperature of the slag particles to 150 ℃ and discharging, a plurality of spaced slag particle channels which are formed by boiler steel pipes are arranged in the solid waste heat boiler 30, high-temperature slag particles are uniformly distributed from a charging port 29 and enter the solid waste heat boiler 30, slowly descend by dead weight, heat is replaced with soft water through a pipe fitting, the slag particles are gradually cooled and finally discharged through a discharge port 31, a plurality of discharge ports 31 are uniformly arranged below the solid waste heat boiler 30, and the solid waste heat boiler 30 discharges materials in turn.
A thickness adjusting roller 6 is arranged above the mold chain 17, a gap for slag to pass through is formed between the thickness adjusting roller 6 and the mold chain 17, and the thickness adjusting roller 6 is of a liftable structure. The slag can be pressed to form a slag sheet when passing through the thickness adjusting roller 6, and the thickness of the formed slag sheet can be controlled by adjusting the thickness adjusting roller 6 up and down.
A width detection device 7 is arranged in the casting slag heat exchanger 13, and the width detection device 7 is used for detecting the width of a slag sheet formed after the molten slag passes through the thickness adjusting roller 6 so as to control the heat-preservation slag ladle 12 to adjust the flow of the throttling slag hole 3.
The invention discloses a using method of a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: after liquid blast furnace slag from a blast furnace enters the heat-preservation slag ladle 12, a burner on a ladle cover 1 of the heat-preservation slag ladle 12 burns to keep the temperature of the upper surface of slag liquid above 1400 ℃, and the slag flows out through a throttling slag hole 3 at the bottom of the slag ladle 2 and enters a slag casting hole 5 through a slag groove 4.
S2: the liquid slag entering the casting slag heat exchanger 13 from the casting slag port 5 is cast on a flat plate casting mold of the casting mold chain 17, moves forwards along with the casting mold chain 17, and is subjected to die casting to form a slag sheet with the thickness of 5-20 mm when passing through the thickness adjusting roller 6.
S3: the liquid core slag sheet which is die-cast into the specified thickness sequentially advances from the low-temperature air jet flow region 18 to the high-temperature air jet flow region 21, and is rapidly cooled and solidified by heat exchange air through two air jet flows in the process to form a vitreous slag sheet.
S4: the final formed vitreous slag pieces on the mold chain 17 fall into a slag chute 25 and exit the slag heat exchanger 13.
S5: the high-temperature vitreous slag pieces discharged through the slag discharge chute 25 enter a crusher 26 and are crushed into vitreous slag particles having a particle size of 20mm or less.
S6: the high-temperature vitreous slag particles crushed by the crusher 26 are conveyed to a charging port 29 of a solid waste heat boiler 30 through a slag particle elevator 27.
S7: high-temperature vitreous slag particles are uniformly loaded from a charging port 29 at the upper part of a solid waste heat boiler 30, then gradually descend to a discharge port 31 by means of self weight and are discharged, heat is exchanged to steam in the process, and the steam can be conveyed to a storage bin or directly conveyed to a processing plant to be prepared into a fine slag powder finished product as a special cement raw material.
S8: the low temperature fan 8 draws air from the low temperature air outlet 10 of the hot air exhaust heat boiler 11, blows the low temperature air jet 19 in the casting slag heat exchanger 13, and then blows the high temperature air jet 22 after being drawn from the medium temperature air inlet 20 by the medium temperature fan 9, the high temperature air is sucked out from the high temperature air inlet 23 and enters the hot air exhaust heat boiler 11 through the heat preservation pipeline, after the high temperature air carries out heat exchange in the hot air exhaust heat boiler 11, the low temperature air with reduced temperature is drawn out from the low temperature air outlet 10 by the low temperature fan 8, and then blows the low temperature air jet 19 again. Air as a heat exchange medium circularly runs in a closed system consisting of the low-temperature fan 8, the low-temperature air jet area 22, the medium-temperature fan 9, the high-temperature air jet area 30 and the hot air waste heat boiler 11, and the high-temperature air enters the hot air waste heat boiler 11 and exchanges heat to steam.
S9: the steam generated from the solid waste heat boiler 30 and the hot blast waste heat boiler 11 can be combined and then sent out to a steam pipe network or sent to a power plant.
In practical application, the high-temperature slag produced by the blast furnace can directly enter the heat-preservation slag ladle 12 through the heat-preservation slag runner, and can also be transported to the heat-preservation slag ladle 12 in front of the cast slag heat exchanger 13 from a blast furnace slag outlet through moving the slag ladle, depending on the arrangement condition of field equipment.
The steam generated by the system can be connected with a steam pipe network of a factory, the treated glass slag particles can be directly sent to the production line for treating the granulated slag originally, and the drying link can be omitted.
In conclusion, aiming at various problems of large water consumption, basic water pollution, hydrogen sulfide gas emission pollution, large energy consumption for water slag drying and the like existing in the current water quenching method for the current blast furnace slag, the system can be used for completely solving the problems at one time, and the system has simple structure, is basically a conventional mature product except a casting slag heat exchanger, is simple and convenient to operate and maintain, has small investment and quick response.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system is characterized in that: the system comprises a high-temperature slag heat preservation system (100), a casting slag heat exchanger system (200), a hot air waste heat replacement system (300) and a high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system (400);
the high-temperature slag heat preservation system (100) is used for buffering the flow of the high-temperature slag, keeping the temperature of the high-temperature slag above a freezing point and adjusting the output flow of the high-temperature slag;
the casting slag heat exchanger system (200) is used for rapidly cooling the high-temperature slag passing through the high-temperature slag heat preservation system (100) into vitreous slag sheets and replacing enthalpy released in the cooling process of the high-temperature slag into heat exchange air;
the hot air waste heat replacement system (300) is used for replacing the enthalpy of the hot air replaced by the casting slag heat exchanger system (200) into steam;
the high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system (400) is used for replacing the waste heat of the high-temperature slag particles into steam after crushing the vitreous slag sheets output by the casting slag heat exchanger system (200) into slag particles.
2. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature molten slag heat-preservation system (100) comprises a heat-preservation slag ladle (12), wherein the heat-preservation slag ladle (12) comprises a heating ladle cover (1), a heat-preservation ladle body (2), a throttling slag hole (3) and a slag groove (4).
3. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the casting slag heat exchanger system (200) comprises a casting slag heat exchanger (13), wherein the casting slag heat exchanger (13) comprises a sealed casing (14), a casting slag hole (5), a driving chain wheel (24), a driven chain wheel (16), a casting mold chain (17), a tensioning device (15), a thickness adjusting roller (6), a width detection device (7), a low-temperature jet area (18), a high-temperature jet area (21) and a slag discharging groove (25).
4. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hot air waste heat replacement system (300) comprises a low-temperature fan (8), a medium-temperature fan (9) and a hot air waste heat boiler (11), wherein an inlet of the low-temperature fan (8) is connected with a low-temperature air outlet (10) of the hot air waste heat boiler (11) through a heat insulation pipeline, an outlet of the low-temperature fan (8) is connected with an inlet of a low-temperature jet device (19) through the heat insulation pipeline, and the low-temperature fan (8) is used for pumping high-temperature air out through a high-temperature air suction opening (23) and the hot air waste heat boiler (11) and blowing the high-temperature air into the low-; an inlet of the medium temperature fan (9) is connected with an outlet of a medium temperature air suction opening (20) through a heat insulation pipeline, an outlet of the medium temperature fan (9) is connected with an inlet of a high temperature jet flow device (22) through a heat insulation pipeline, and the medium temperature fan (9) is used for extracting medium temperature air generated by the low temperature jet flow area (18) and blowing the medium temperature air into the high temperature jet flow area (21) again so as to further rapidly cool the slag pieces; the heat exchange medium in the hot air waste heat replacement system (300) is air, and in a closed loop system consisting of a low-temperature fan (8), a low-temperature jet flow device (19), a medium-temperature air suction opening (20), a medium-temperature fan (9), a high-temperature jet flow device (22), a high-temperature air suction opening (23) and a hot air waste heat boiler (11), enthalpy released in the rapid cooling process of high-temperature slag is conveyed to the hot air waste heat boiler (11) by taking hot air as the medium to be replaced for soft water, and medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam is generated.
5. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature slag particle waste heat replacement system (400) comprises a crusher (26), a slag particle elevator (27) and a solid waste heat boiler (30), wherein the crusher (26) is used for crushing slag sheets from the cast slag heat exchanger into slag particles with the size of below 20mm, an inlet of the crusher (26) is arranged below the lower end of the slag discharging groove (25), and an outlet of the crusher (26) is aligned with an inlet of the slag particle elevator (27); the slag particle elevator (27) is used for elevating high-temperature slag particles from an outlet of the crusher (26) to a charging port (29) of a solid waste heat boiler (30), and the slag particle elevator (27) adopts a heat insulation structure; the effect of solid exhaust-heat boiler (30) is that the enthalpy replacement with the sediment grain gives soft water, produces medium temperature middling pressure steam to cool off the sediment grain temperature to 150 ℃ and come out of the stove, have a plurality of sediment grain passageways that link up from top to bottom that constitute the spaced by the boiler steel pipe in solid exhaust-heat boiler (30), high temperature sediment grain gets into solid exhaust-heat boiler (30) from the even cloth of charging port (29), leans on the dead weight to descend slowly, and the heat is replaced through the pipe fitting and is given soft water, and the sediment grain also progressively cools off, discharges through discharge gate (31) at last, and the below of solid exhaust-heat boiler (30) evenly is provided with a plurality of discharge gate (31), the ejection of compact in turn.
6. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heating ladle cover (1) is provided with a heating burner and a temperature thermocouple; a slag receiving port is arranged above one side of the heat preservation bag body (2), a throttling slag port (3) is arranged below the other side of the heat preservation bag body, and the opening of the throttling slag port (3) is controlled by an actuating mechanism so as to control the flow of high-temperature molten slag; the slag groove (4) is used for conveying high-temperature slag in the heat-preservation slag ladle (12) to the casting slag heat exchanger (13), one end of the slag groove (4) is connected with the throttling slag hole (3), and the other end of the slag groove is connected with the casting slag hole (5) of the casting slag heat exchanger (13).
7. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the sealed casing (14) is used for forming a sealed heat-insulation cavity, is made of section steel and steel plates and is lined with heat-insulation materials; the slag casting port (5) is used for guiding high-temperature slag from the slag groove (4) to a casting mold chain (17), is made of a heat-resistant steel plate, and is lined with a high-temperature resistant scouring-resistant material; the mould chain (17) is formed by assembling a flat mould and a chain; the mould chain (17) is assembled on a driving chain wheel (24) and a driven chain wheel (16), and the driving chain wheel (24) and the driven chain wheel (16) are used for driving and tensioning the mould chain (17); the input shaft of the driving chain wheel (24) is connected with the output shaft of a gearbox arranged on the outer side of the sealed shell (14), and the input shaft of the gearbox is connected with the output shaft of a motor; the driven chain wheel (16) is connected with a tensioning device (15), and when the growth degree of the mold chain (17) changes under the influence of temperature change, the tensioning device (15) enables the driven chain wheel (16) to slide through additional tension to compensate the length change of the mold chain (17); the thickness adjusting roller (6) controls the thickness of a slag sheet cast by the high-temperature slag by adjusting the height of a gap between the thickness adjusting roller and the casting mold chain (17) up and down; the width detection device (7) can continuously detect the width change of the slag sheet behind the thickness adjusting roller (6) on line, and the opening of the throttling slag hole (3) is adjusted through the control system to achieve the purpose of controlling the width of the slag sheet; the low-temperature jet flow area (18) is used for inputting low-temperature air to jet at a high speed to cool the slag sheet and outputting medium-temperature air, and the high-temperature jet flow area (21) is used for inputting medium-temperature air to jet at a high speed again to cool the slag sheet and outputting high-temperature air.
8. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the low-temperature jet flow area (18) consists of a low-temperature jet flow device (19) and a medium-temperature air suction opening (20), the inlet of the low-temperature jet flow device (19) is connected with the outlet of the low-temperature fan (8) through a heat insulation pipeline, and the outlet of the medium-temperature air suction opening (20) is connected with the inlet of the medium-temperature fan (9) through a heat insulation pipeline; the high-temperature jet flow area (21) is composed of a high-temperature jet flow device (22) and a high-temperature air suction opening (23), the inlet of the high-temperature jet flow device (22) is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature fan (9) through a heat insulation pipeline, and the outlet of the high-temperature air suction opening (23) is connected with the high-temperature air inlet (28) of the hot air waste heat boiler (11) through the heat insulation pipeline.
9. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the tensioning device (15) is composed of 2 sliding block bearings, 2 chains and a counterweight block, wherein the 2 sliding block bearings are respectively sleeved at two ends of a supporting shaft of the driven chain wheel (16) and are respectively connected with the chains, the chains are connected with the counterweight block, the counterweight block provides constant tension for the driven chain wheel so as to tension the mold chain (17), and the weight of the counterweight block can be adjusted so as to adjust the tension of the mold chain (17).
10. The blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: slag notch (25) are used for casting sediment heat exchanger (13) with vitreous body slag piece output, and slag notch (25) slope is placed, and the slag piece is automatic to drop from casting mould chain (17) the back through slag notch (25) roll-off casting sediment heat exchanger (13), gets into breaker (26).
11. A method of a blast furnace slag comprehensive utilization system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: after liquid blast furnace slag from a blast furnace enters a heat-preservation slag ladle (12), burning a burner on a ladle cover (1) of the heat-preservation slag ladle (12) to keep the temperature of the upper surface of slag liquid above 1400 ℃, and enabling the slag to flow out from a throttling slag hole (3) at the bottom of the slag ladle (2) and enter a slag casting hole (5) through a slag groove (4);
s2: liquid slag entering the casting slag heat exchanger (13) from the casting slag port (5) is cast on a flat plate casting mold of the casting mold chain (17), moves forwards along with the casting mold chain (17), and is subjected to die casting to form a slag sheet with the thickness of 5-20 mm when passing through the thickness adjusting roller (6);
s3: the liquid core slag sheets which are die-cast into the specified thickness sequentially advance from the low-temperature air jet flow area (18) to the high-temperature air jet flow area (21), and are rapidly cooled and solidified by heat exchange air through two times of air jet flow in the process to form glass body slag sheets;
s4: the vitreous slag sheets finally formed on the casting mould chain (17) fall into a slag discharging groove (25) and then are discharged out of the casting slag heat exchanger (13);
s5: high-temperature vitreous slag pieces discharged from the slag discharging groove (25) enter a crusher (26) and are crushed into vitreous slag particles with the granularity of less than 20 mm;
s6: high-temperature vitreous slag particles crushed by the crusher (26) are conveyed to a charging port (29) of a solid waste heat boiler (30) through a slag particle elevator (27);
s7: high-temperature vitreous slag particles are uniformly loaded from a charging port (29) at the upper part of a solid waste heat boiler (30), then gradually descend to a discharging port (31) by self weight to be discharged, and in the process, heat is exchanged to steam, and the steam can be conveyed to a storage bin or directly conveyed to a processing plant to be made into a fine slag powder finished product as a special cement raw material;
s8: the low-temperature fan (8) pumps air from a low-temperature air outlet (10) of the hot air waste heat boiler (11), the air is blown into a low-temperature air jet flow device (19) in the casting slag heat exchanger (13), the high-temperature air is blown into a high-temperature air jet flow device (22) after being pumped from a medium-temperature air suction opening (20) by the medium-temperature fan (9), the high-temperature air is sucked out from a high-temperature air suction opening (23) and enters the hot air waste heat boiler (11) through a heat insulation pipeline, after the high-temperature air carries out heat exchange in the hot air waste heat boiler (11), the low-temperature air with reduced temperature is pumped out from the low-temperature air outlet (10) by the low-temperature fan (8), and; air is taken as a heat exchange medium and circularly runs in a closed system consisting of a low-temperature fan (8), a low-temperature air jet area (22), a medium-temperature fan (9), a high-temperature air jet area (30) and a hot air waste heat boiler (11), and the high-temperature air exchanges heat to steam after entering the hot air waste heat boiler (11);
s9: the steam generated by the solid waste heat boiler (30) and the hot air waste heat boiler (11) can be combined and then sent out to a steam pipe network or sent to a power plant.
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| CN113970244A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-25 | 气体产品与化学公司 | Furnace controller and method of operating a furnace |
| CN114909195A (en) * | 2022-04-16 | 2022-08-16 | 河北鑫达钢铁集团有限公司 | Converter slag heat-taking power generation system and power generation method thereof |
| CN118086644A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-05-28 | 无锡毕恩德尔科技有限公司 | System and method for recycling heat energy of high-temperature slag by adopting full-dry method |
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