CN111732414A - Electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, preparation method thereof and ceramic tile - Google Patents
Electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, preparation method thereof and ceramic tile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111732414A CN111732414A CN202010677897.7A CN202010677897A CN111732414A CN 111732414 A CN111732414 A CN 111732414A CN 202010677897 A CN202010677897 A CN 202010677897A CN 111732414 A CN111732414 A CN 111732414A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, a preparation method thereof and a ceramic tile, and relates to the technical field of ceramics. The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 10-15 parts of calcined limestone, 15-30 parts of ceramic waste slag and 10-20 parts of fly ash. The electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste residue are used as the raw materials of the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, so that the cyclic utilization of the electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste residue can be realized, the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials is improved, the residue in the environment can be reduced, the environmental pressure is effectively relieved, and the method has great significance for environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to electrolytic manganese slag ceramics, a preparation method thereof and a ceramic tile.
Background
The electrolytic manganese slag is the filtered acid slag generated after the metal manganese is electrolyzed, and is a key pollutant in the electrolytic manganese industry. Electrolytic manganese slag treatment faces 2 problems: (1) large electrolytic manganese slag storage amount, and (2) low utilization rate. In addition, the discharge of ceramic waste residues causes great stress on the environment. The fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion in the power production process, and is main solid waste discharged from a coal-fired power plant. The fly ash can pollute the atmosphere; if discharged into a water system, the water system can cause river congestion and also cause harm to human bodies and organisms. In order to relieve the pressure of the environment, the electrolytic manganese slag, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash need to be properly treated.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, raw materials for forming the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic comprise electrolytic manganese slag, fly ash and ceramic waste slag, the cyclic utilization of the electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste slag can be realized, the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials is improved, the residue in the environment is reduced, the environmental pressure is effectively relieved, and the significance for environmental protection is great.
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic provided by the invention is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 10-15 parts of calcined limestone, 15-30 parts of ceramic waste slag and 10-20 parts of fly ash.
Further, the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42-52 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 11-14 parts of calcined limestone, 16-28 parts of ceramic waste slag and 12-18 parts of fly ash.
Further, the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 12-13 parts of calcined limestone, 20-25 parts of ceramic waste slag and 14-16 parts of fly ash.
Further, the granularity of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash is 70-350 meshes respectively and independently.
The preparation method of the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic comprises the following steps: and mixing the raw materials, and then carrying out molding treatment to obtain the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, the fly ash and water, and then carrying out the molding treatment;
preferably, the water content is 10-20 wt%, preferably 15 wt%, based on the total mass of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, the fly ash and the water.
Further, the calcined limestone is prepared by the following method: calcining limestone at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 hours;
preferably, the electrolytic manganese slag is subjected to pretreatment, and the pretreatment comprises magnetic separation of the electrolytic manganese slag;
preferably, before mixing the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash with water, a step of crushing at least one of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash is further included.
Further, the molding process includes: pressurizing a mixture obtained by mixing the raw materials to obtain a prefabricated product;
preferably, the pressure of the pressurization treatment is 100 kN;
preferably, after the pressing treatment, a step of drying the preform is further included;
preferably, the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, preferably 110 ℃, and the drying time is 3-7 hours, preferably 5 hours.
Further, the molding process further includes: a step of sintering the preform;
preferably, the sintering comprises: heating to 240-280 ℃ at the rate of 3-7 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 13-17 min, heating to 750-850 ℃ at the rate of 3-7 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20-40 min, finally heating to 1000-1200 ℃ at the rate of 8-12 ℃/min, and then sintering for 50-70 min.
A ceramic tile, at least a portion of which is made from the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least obtain the following technical effects:
because a large amount of electrolytic manganese slag, fly ash and ceramic waste residues are stored in a natural environment and can cause serious harm to the environment, the inventor of the invention prepares the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic by matching the electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste residues with calcined limestone, can effectively realize secondary utilization and harmless treatment of wastes, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of the electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste residues, reduce the residue, facilitate the environmental pressure, improve the efficiency of environmental production and have great significance for environmental protection; in addition, in the raw materials for preparing the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, the electrolytic manganese slag content is high, the electrolytic manganese slag can be utilized to a large extent, and the raw materials are matched with one another, so that the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic obtained from the raw materials has low water absorption rate, high compressive strength and long service life.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides an electrolytic manganese slag ceramic which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-55 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 10-15 parts of calcined limestone, 15-30 parts of ceramic waste slag and 10-20 parts of fly ash.
Because a large amount of electrolytic manganese slag, fly ash and ceramic waste residues are stored in a natural environment and can cause serious harm to the environment, the inventor of the invention prepares the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic by matching the electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste residues with calcined limestone, can effectively realize secondary utilization and harmless treatment of wastes, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of the electrolytic manganese slag, the fly ash and the ceramic waste residues, reduce the residue, facilitate the environmental pressure, improve the efficiency of environmental production and have great significance for environmental protection; in addition, in the raw materials for preparing the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, the electrolytic manganese slag content is high, the electrolytic manganese slag can be utilized to a large extent, and the raw materials are matched with one another, so that the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic obtained from the raw materials has low water absorption rate, high compressive strength and long service life.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42-52 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 11-14 parts of calcined limestone, 16-28 parts of ceramic waste slag and 12-18 parts of fly ash.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 45-50 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 12-13 parts of calcined limestone, 20-25 parts of ceramic waste slag and 14-16 parts of fly ash.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the electrolytic manganese residue, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste residue and the fly ash is 70-350 mesh (for example, 70 mesh, 90 mesh, 110 mesh, 150 mesh, 170 mesh, 200 mesh, 250 mesh, 300 mesh or 350 mesh, etc.). Therefore, the comprehensive performance of the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is improved.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the aforementioned electrolytic manganese slag ceramic, the method comprising: and mixing the raw materials, and then carrying out molding treatment to obtain the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic. Therefore, the operation is simple and convenient, and the realization is easy.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of making comprises: and mixing the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, the fly ash and water, and then carrying out the molding treatment.
In some embodiments of the invention, the water is present in an amount of 10 to 20 wt% (e.g., 10 wt%, 12 wt%, 14 wt%, 16 wt%, 18 wt%, 20 wt%, etc.) based on the total mass of the electrolytic manganese residue, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste residue, the fly ash, and the water.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the water is contained in an amount of 15 wt% based on the total mass of the electrolytic manganese residue, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste residue, the fly ash and the water.
In some embodiments of the invention, the calcined limestone is prepared by: the limestone is calcined at a temperature of 1000-1100 deg.C (e.g., 1000 deg.C, 1020 deg.C, 1040 deg.C, 1060 deg.C, 1080 deg.C, 1100 deg.C, etc.) for 2.5-3.5 hours (e.g., 2.5 hours, 2.7 hours, 2.9 hours, 3.1 hours, 3.3 hours, 3.5 hours, etc.). Therefore, the limestone calcining effect is better. Relative to the above calcination temperatures and calcination times.
In some embodiments of the invention, the electrolytic manganese residue is subjected to a pretreatment comprising magnetic separation of the electrolytic manganese residue. Therefore, manganese in the electrolytic manganese slag can be separated from heavy metal substances, and the content of heavy metal in the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic can be reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the magnetic separation can be performed in a magnetic separator, and the operation is simple and convenient, and the magnetic separation effect is better.
In some embodiments of the present invention, before mixing the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, and the fly ash with water, a step of pulverizing at least one of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, and the fly ash is further included. Therefore, the comprehensive performance of the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the shaping process comprises: the mixture obtained by mixing the raw materials is subjected to pressurization treatment to obtain a preform.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pressure of the pressure treatment is 100 kN. Therefore, the forming effect is better. In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressing process may be performed in a laminator to extrude the mixture of the raw materials.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after the pressurization treatment, the step of drying the preform is further included, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃ (for example, may be 100 ℃, 105 ℃, 110 ℃, 115 ℃ or 120 ℃, etc.), preferably 110 ℃, and the drying time is 3-7 hours (for example, may be 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours or 7 hours, etc.), preferably 5 hours. Therefore, the drying effect is better.
In some embodiments of the invention, the drying may be performed in an electric furnace.
In some embodiments of the invention, the shaping process further comprises: a step of sintering said preform, said sintering comprising, in some preferred embodiments of the invention: heating to 240-280 deg.C (e.g. 240 deg.C, 250 deg.C, 260 deg.C, 270 deg.C, or 280 deg.C) at 3-7 deg.C/min (e.g. 3 deg.C/min, 4 deg.C/min, 5 deg.C/min, 6 deg.C/min, or 7 deg.C/min), holding for 13-17 min (e.g. 13 min, 14 min, 15 min, 16 min, or 17 min), heating to 750-850 deg.C (e.g. 750 deg.C, 770 deg.C, 800 deg.C, 820 deg.C, or 850 deg.C) at 3-7 deg.C/min (e.g. 3 deg.C/min, 4 deg.C/min, 5 deg.C/min, 6 deg.C/min, or 7 deg.C), holding for 20-40 min (e., 35 minutes or 40 minutes, etc.), and finally heating to 1000-1200 deg.c (e.g., 1000 deg.c, 1050 deg.c, 1100 deg.c, 1150 deg.c or 1200 deg.c, etc.) at a rate of 8-12 deg.c/minute (e.g., 8 deg.c/minute, 9 deg.c/minute, 10 deg.c/minute, 11 deg.c/minute, or 12 deg.c/minute, etc.), followed by sintering for 50-70 minutes (e.g., 50 minutes, 55 minutes, 60 minutes, 65 minutes, or 70 minutes, etc.). Therefore, the sintering effect is better, and the ceramic with higher compressive strength is favorably obtained.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sintering may be performed in a high temperature electric furnace.
In some embodiments of the invention, the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared by the following method:
1. calcining limestone at 1000-1100 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 hours; the electrolytic manganese slag passes through an electrolytic manganese slag magnetic separator, and manganese and heavy metal substances are separated and screened, so that the heavy metal content of the ceramic is reduced; respectively crushing and grinding electrolytic manganese slag, calcined limestone, ceramic waste slag and fly ash, and respectively controlling the particle size to be 70-350 meshes;
2. mixing electrolytic manganese slag, calcined limestone, ceramic waste slag and fly ash according to the following proportion: 40-55% of electrolytic manganese slag, 10-15% of calcined limestone, 15-30% of ceramic waste slag and 10-20% of fly ash;
3. stirring the prepared materials and water in a stirrer, and keeping the water content of the mixture after stirring to be 15 wt%;
4. conveying the materials to a film pressing machine for extrusion forming to obtain a prefabricated product, taking out the prefabricated product, and putting the prefabricated product into an electric furnace to be dried for 5 hours under the condition of keeping the temperature at 110 ℃;
5. and (3) putting the dried prefabricated product into a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to 260 ℃ from room temperature at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15 minutes, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat, sintering for 60 minutes, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a ceramic tile, at least a portion of which is prepared from the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic described above. The ceramic tile has low water absorption, high volume density and high compression strength.
Example 1
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 15 parts of calcined limestone, 30 parts of ceramic waste slag and 15 parts of fly ash, wherein the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are respectively 70 meshes independently.
Example 2
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone 15, the ceramic waste residue 30 and the fly ash 10 are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are the same as those in example 1, wherein the electrolytic manganese slag comprises 45 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 10 parts of calcined limestone, 25 parts of ceramic waste slag and 20 parts of fly ash.
Example 4
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 55 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 12 parts of calcined limestone, 15 parts of ceramic waste slag, 18 parts of fly ash, and the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are the same as those in example 1.
Example 5
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic raw material is the same as that in example 3, except that the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are respectively 350 meshes.
Example 6
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic raw material is the same as that in example 3, except that the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are respectively 200 meshes independently.
Example 7
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic raw material is the same as that in example 3, except that the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are respectively 50 meshes independently.
Example 8
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic raw material is the same as that in example 3, except that the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are respectively 400 meshes independently.
Comparative example 1
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 30 parts of calcined limestone, 30 parts of ceramic waste slag and 10 parts of fly ash, wherein the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: the particle sizes of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste residue and the fly ash are the same as those in example 1, wherein 58 parts of the electrolytic manganese slag, 2 parts of the calcined limestone, 30 parts of the ceramic waste residue and 10 parts of the fly ash are the same as those in example 1.
The electrolytic manganese slag ceramics of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were prepared in the following manner:
1. calcining limestone at 1100 ℃ for 2.5 hours;
the electrolytic manganese slag passes through an electrolytic manganese slag magnetic separator, and manganese and heavy metal substances are separated and screened, so that the heavy metal content of the ceramic is reduced;
respectively crushing and grinding electrolytic manganese slag, calcined limestone, ceramic waste slag and fly ash, and respectively controlling the particle sizes to be the corresponding particle sizes of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2;
2. respectively batching electrolytic manganese slag, calcined limestone, ceramic waste slag and fly ash according to examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2;
3. stirring the prepared materials and water in a stirrer, and keeping the water content of the mixture after stirring to be 15 wt%;
4. conveying the materials to a film pressing machine for extrusion forming to obtain a prefabricated product, taking out the prefabricated product, and putting the prefabricated product into an electric furnace to be dried for 5 hours under the condition of keeping the temperature at 110 ℃;
5. and (3) putting the dried prefabricated product into a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to 260 ℃ from room temperature at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15 minutes, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat, sintering for 60 minutes, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic.
The performance indexes of the electrolytic manganese slag ceramics of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in the following table 1:
table 1:
finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-55 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 10-15 parts of calcined limestone, 15-30 parts of ceramic waste slag and 10-20 parts of fly ash.
2. The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic of claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 42-52 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 11-14 parts of calcined limestone, 16-28 parts of ceramic waste slag and 12-18 parts of fly ash.
3. The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic of claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 45-50 parts of electrolytic manganese slag, 12-13 parts of calcined limestone, 20-25 parts of ceramic waste slag and 14-16 parts of fly ash.
4. The electrolytic manganese slag ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash have a particle size of 70 to 350 mesh independently.
5. The method for preparing the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
and mixing the raw materials, and then carrying out molding treatment to obtain the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic.
6. The method of claim 5, comprising: mixing the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, the fly ash and water, and then carrying out the molding treatment;
preferably, the water content is 10-20 wt%, preferably 15 wt%, based on the total mass of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag, the fly ash and the water.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that said calcined limestone is prepared by: calcining limestone at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 hours;
preferably, the electrolytic manganese slag is subjected to pretreatment, and the pretreatment comprises magnetic separation of the electrolytic manganese slag;
preferably, before mixing the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash with water, a step of crushing at least one of the electrolytic manganese slag, the calcined limestone, the ceramic waste slag and the fly ash is further included.
8. The production method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the molding process includes: pressurizing a mixture obtained by mixing the raw materials to obtain a prefabricated product;
preferably, the pressure of the pressurization treatment is 100 kN;
preferably, after the pressing treatment, a step of drying the preform is further included;
preferably, the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, preferably 110 ℃, and the drying time is 3-7 hours, preferably 5 hours.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 8, wherein the molding process further comprises: a step of sintering the preform;
preferably, the sintering comprises: heating to 240-280 ℃ at the rate of 3-7 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 13-17 min, heating to 750-850 ℃ at the rate of 3-7 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20-40 min, finally heating to 1000-1200 ℃ at the rate of 8-12 ℃/min, and then sintering for 50-70 min.
10. A tile, wherein at least a portion of the tile is produced using the electrolytic manganese slag ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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