CN111730267A - Welding fixture and welding method for wear-resistant block of single crystal turbine blade - Google Patents
Welding fixture and welding method for wear-resistant block of single crystal turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN111730267A CN111730267A CN202010634885.6A CN202010634885A CN111730267A CN 111730267 A CN111730267 A CN 111730267A CN 202010634885 A CN202010634885 A CN 202010634885A CN 111730267 A CN111730267 A CN 111730267A
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- welding
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- blade
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- resistant block
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding fixture and a welding method for a wear-resistant block of a single crystal turbine blade, and belongs to the technical field of welding. The welding fixture comprises a fixture body, an upper clamping end, a lower clamping end and an inner groove opening; the inner notch is a rectangular groove and is formed in one side face of the clamp body, the upper side and the lower side of the rectangular groove are respectively an upper side clamping end and a lower side clamping end, and the upper side clamping end is provided with a screw hole; and after the blade crown of the single-crystal turbine blade extends into the inner notch, screwing a screw into the screw hole to fix the blade crown. The fixture is adopted for vacuum brazing, and the problems of overlarge welding line, incompact welding, welding deformation and the like in the welding process are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a welding method for a wear-resistant block of a single-crystal turbine blade.
Background
Turbine blades are core hot end components in aircraft engines and gas turbines, and are subject to operating conditions of high temperature, high stress, high rotational speed, environmental corrosion, and the like. With the development of aero-engines and gas turbine engines, the temperature of the front inlet of the turbine is continuously increased, single crystal turbine blades are widely used, the blade structure is more and more complex and finer, and the precision requirement is higher and higher.
The large and medium aircraft engines and gas turbines mostly adopt a structure that blades and turbine disks are separated. The blades are assembled with the turbine disc by adopting a tenon tooth structure, and the clearance between adjacent blade shroud is between 0.1 and 0.5mm under the general condition. During the operation of the aircraft engine and the gas turbine, collision and friction inevitably occur between adjacent blade shrouds due to blade vibration or high-temperature deformation. Once the blade shroud deforms or wears due to collision and friction, the blade clearance is too large, so that the blade vibrates too much, the blade is easy to break, and the engine or the gas turbine is scrapped. Therefore, adjacent blade shrouds are generally spaced by high temperature wear resistant blocks.
The high-temperature wear-resistant blocks are connected to the contact surfaces of the blade shroud by argon arc welding or vacuum brazing, the argon arc welding is generally used for welding the low-pressure turbine blade wear-resistant blocks, the temperature bearing capacity is low, the vacuum brazing can be used for welding the wear-resistant blocks with the high temperature bearing capacity, and the high-temperature wear-resistant blocks are mainly used for high-pressure turbine blades. At present, the vacuum brazing of the wear-resistant block is generally to combine the wear-resistant block and the to-be-welded surface of the blade shroud through a tool, then connect the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud by argon arc welding spot welding, paint brazing materials at the joint of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud, and place the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud into a vacuum brazing furnace for welding. Although the method can ensure the butt joint of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud, the argon arc welding spot welding temperature is high, so that local deformation is easily generated, the brazing material is easy to flow in the vacuum brazing process, the gap of the welding seam part is easy to be overlarge, the welding defect is easily caused, and the phenomenon that the wear-resistant block falls off in the blade trial run process is further generated. Moreover, the welding method is easy to generate recrystallization defects in the blade shroud, and the recrystallization defects are not allowed to exist in the single crystal blade.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing single crystal blade shroud and wear-resistant block in vacuum brazing, the invention aims to provide a welding fixture and a welding method for the wear-resistant block of the single crystal blade, and solves the problems of overlarge welding line, incomplete welding, welding deformation and the like in the welding process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a welding fixture for a wear-resistant block of a single crystal turbine blade comprises a fixture body, an upper clamping end, a lower clamping end and an inner groove opening; wherein: the inner notch is a rectangular groove and is formed in one side face of the clamp body, the upper side and the lower side of the rectangular groove are respectively an upper side clamping end and a lower side clamping end, and the upper side clamping end is provided with a screw hole; and after the blade crown of the single-crystal turbine blade extends into the inner notch, screwing a screw into the screw hole to fix the blade crown.
The welding fixture is made of high-purity graphite.
The size (thickness and width) of the inner notch is processed according to the shape of a blade shroud of the blade to be welded, the thickness (height) of the inner notch is 1-2mm larger than the actual thickness of the blade shroud, and the length of a clamping end at the lower side of the clamp is 2-5mm longer than that of a clamping end at the upper side of the clamp.
The diameter of the screw hole is larger than 5mm, and the position of the screw hole is close to the outer end face of the clamping end on the upper side of the clamp, so that the position of the screw hole is prevented from being overlapped with the position of the wear-resistant block placed in the inner groove.
The inner side surfaces of the inner notches are uniformly coated with corundum paint, so that the clamp, the casting and the brazing material are prevented from reacting at high temperature.
The corundum coating is 320-mesh pure Al2O3The powder and the silica sol are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of (5-10) to 1, or the corundum coating is directly a surface layer coating for a ceramic shell of a single crystal blade; the corundum paint can be used after being coated and dried.
The welding of the wear-resistant block of the single crystal turbine blade by using the welding fixture is realized by welding the blade shroud of the single crystal turbine blade and the wear-resistant block together through a brazing process, and the welding fixture specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the contact surface of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud of the blade, uniformly coating brazing material, and then placing the wear-resistant block into the inner side of the inner notch of the welding fixture (the wear-resistant block is tightly attached to the inner side surface of the inner notch);
(2) the blade shroud extends into the inner notch until the blade shroud is in close contact with the wear-resistant block, the lower surface of the blade shroud is tightly attached to the inner surface of the clamping end at the lower side of the clamp, and a 1-2mm gap is reserved between the inner surface of the clamping end at the upper side of the clamp and the upper surface of the blade shroud;
(3) adding a layer of brazing material on the upper part of a joint of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud to ensure that a welding seam is sucked through capillary action in the brazing process and the quality of the welding seam is ensured;
(4) and carrying out vacuum brazing according to the brazing material and the blade process requirements.
The welding tool and the welding method have the following advantages:
the fixture and the method are adopted to carry out vacuum brazing on the single crystal blade shroud and the wear-resistant block, pre-welding (spot welding) is not needed, the contact surface of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud can be accurately butted by the fixture and the method, the gap of a welding line is not changed, the vacuum brazing quality is ensured, and the phenomenon that the turbine blade falls off or cracks in the working process is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a welding jig structure and brazing assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic observation of a weld; wherein: (a) the welding seam of the invention, (b) the welding seam with holes in the traditional process.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the following description is given in conjunction with the examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the present invention, features and advantages.
The invention provides a welding fixture for a wear-resistant block of a monocrystalline turbine blade, which is shown in figure 1. The welding fixture comprises a fixture body, an upper clamping end, a lower clamping end and an inner groove opening; wherein: the inner notch is a rectangular groove and is formed in one side face of the clamp body, the upper side and the lower side of the rectangular groove are respectively an upper side clamping end and a lower side clamping end, and the upper side clamping end is provided with a screw hole; and after the blade crown of the single-crystal turbine blade extends into the inner notch, screwing a screw into the screw hole to fix the blade crown. The welding fixture is made of high-purity graphite.
The size (thickness and width) of the inner notch is processed according to the shape of a blade shroud of the blade to be welded, the thickness (height) of the inner notch is 1-2mm larger than the actual thickness of the blade shroud, and the length of a clamping end at the lower side of the clamp is 2-5mm longer than that of a clamping end at the upper side of the clamp. The diameter of the screw hole is larger than 5mm, and the position of the screw hole is close to the outer end face of the clamping end on the upper side of the clamp, so that the position of the screw hole is prevented from being overlapped with the position of the wear-resistant block placed in the inner groove.
The inner side surfaces of the inner notches are uniformly coated with corundum paint, so that the clamp, the casting and the brazing material are prevented from reacting at high temperature. The corundum coating is 320-mesh pure Al2O3The powder and the silica sol are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of (5-10) to 1, or the corundum coating is directly a surface layer coating for a ceramic shell of a single crystal blade; the corundum paint can be used after being coated and dried.
Example 1
The welding fixture is utilized to perform wear-resistant block brazing on the single crystal blade shroud of the high-pressure turbine of the aero-engine of a certain model. Firstly, a high-purity graphite clamp is processed according to the shape and the size of a blade shroud, and the structure is shown in figure 1. The thickness of the inner groove opening is 2mm larger than the actual thickness of the blade shroud, and the length of the lower clamping end of the clamp is 5mm longer than that of the upper clamping end of the clamp. And a screw hole is machined in the clamping end of the clamp according to the shape of the blade crown, the diameter of the screw hole is 8mm, and the position of the screw hole is prevented from being overlapped with the position of the wear-resistant block. The inner side of the clamp is uniformly coated with the surface coating for the ceramic shell of the single crystal blade, and the clamp is used after being dried. Cleaning the contact surface of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud of the blade, uniformly coating brazing materials, placing the wear-resistant block into an inner groove of the fixture, fixing the fixture at the blade shroud according to the figure 1, ensuring that the wear-resistant block is tightly contacted with the contact surface of the blade shroud during installation, enabling the inner surface of the lower clamping end of the fixture to be tightly attached to the lower surface of the blade shroud, and keeping a 1-2mm gap between the inner surface of the upper clamping end of the fixture and the upper surface of the blade shroud. A layer of brazing material is added on the upper portion of the joint of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud, so that a weld joint is sucked through capillary action in the brazing process, and the quality of the weld joint is guaranteed. Setting the heating rate and the heat preservation time according to the technological requirements of the brazing material and the blades, and carrying out vacuum brazing. The blade shroud wear-resistant block welding performed by the fixture and the process can prevent welding deformation and solder from flowing, the welding seam gap meets the related technical requirements, and as shown in fig. 2(a), the welding seam is a welding seam dissection diagram, and the defects of uniform welding seam, no obvious holes, poor welding and the like are seen.
Comparative example 1
The blade shroud of example 1 was welded using a conventional wear block brazing process (without the use of the fixture of the present invention). Cleaning the contact surface of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud, coating brazing material, butting the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud by using the traditional process, performing spot welding by using argon arc welding, and coating the brazing material and flow resisting agent at a welding seam. Vacuum brazing was performed using the vacuum brazing furnace used in example 1, according to the temperature rising rate and the holding time of example 1. Metallographic analysis on the weld joint of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud shows that the weld joint has the phenomena of holes, poor welding and the like (figure 2 (b)).
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a welding jig of wear-resisting piece of single crystal turbine blade which characterized in that: the welding fixture comprises a fixture body, an upper clamping end, a lower clamping end and an inner groove opening; wherein: the inner notch is a rectangular groove and is formed in one side face of the clamp body, the upper side and the lower side of the rectangular groove are respectively an upper side clamping end and a lower side clamping end, and the upper side clamping end is provided with a screw hole; and after the blade crown of the single-crystal turbine blade extends into the inner notch, screwing a screw into the screw hole to fix the blade crown.
2. The welding jig for the wear resistant pieces of single crystal turbine blades as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the welding fixture is made of high-purity graphite.
3. The welding jig for the wear resistant pieces of single crystal turbine blades as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size of the inner notch is processed according to the shape of the blade shroud of the blade to be welded, the thickness of the inner notch is 1-2mm larger than the actual thickness of the blade shroud, and the length of the clamping end on the lower side of the clamp is 2-5mm longer than that of the clamping end on the upper side.
4. The welding jig for the wear resistant pieces of single crystal turbine blades as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the screw hole is larger than 5mm, and the position of the screw hole is close to the outer end face of the clamping end on the upper side of the clamp, so that the position of the screw hole is prevented from being overlapped with the position of the wear-resistant block placed in the inner groove.
5. The welding jig for the wear resistant pieces of single crystal turbine blades as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner side surfaces of the inner notches are uniformly coated with corundum paint, so that the clamp, the casting and the brazing material are prevented from reacting at high temperature.
6. The welding fixture for the wear resistant block of the single crystal turbine blade as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the corundum coating is 320-mesh pure Al2O3The powder and the silica sol are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of (5-10) to 1, or the corundum coating is directly a surface layer coating for a ceramic shell of a single crystal blade; the corundum paint can be used after being coated and dried.
7. A method for welding a wear-resistant block of a single-crystal turbine blade using the welding jig of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: the method is used for welding the single crystal turbine blade shroud and the wear-resistant block together through a brazing process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the contact surface of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud of the blade, uniformly coating brazing material, and then placing the wear-resistant block into the inner side of the inner notch of the welding fixture (the wear-resistant block is tightly attached to the inner side surface of the inner notch);
(2) the blade shroud extends into the inner notch until the blade shroud is in close contact with the wear-resistant block, the lower surface of the blade shroud is tightly attached to the inner surface of the clamping end at the lower side of the clamp, and a 1-2mm gap is reserved between the inner surface of the clamping end at the upper side of the clamp and the upper surface of the blade shroud;
(3) adding a layer of brazing material on the upper part of a joint of the wear-resistant block and the blade shroud to ensure that a welding seam is sucked through capillary action in the brazing process and the quality of the welding seam is ensured;
(4) and carrying out vacuum brazing according to the brazing material and the blade process requirements.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010634885.6A CN111730267A (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Welding fixture and welding method for wear-resistant block of single crystal turbine blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010634885.6A CN111730267A (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Welding fixture and welding method for wear-resistant block of single crystal turbine blade |
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| CN111730267A true CN111730267A (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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| CN202010634885.6A Pending CN111730267A (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Welding fixture and welding method for wear-resistant block of single crystal turbine blade |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115365595A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 成都和鸿科技股份有限公司 | Brazing method for duplex guide vane |
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| CN115365595A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 成都和鸿科技股份有限公司 | Brazing method for duplex guide vane |
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