CN111730229B - Method for determining vibration welding technological parameters - Google Patents
Method for determining vibration welding technological parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN111730229B CN111730229B CN202010553542.7A CN202010553542A CN111730229B CN 111730229 B CN111730229 B CN 111730229B CN 202010553542 A CN202010553542 A CN 202010553542A CN 111730229 B CN111730229 B CN 111730229B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003050 experimental design method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
A method of determining vibration welding process parameters, comprising the steps of: analyzing technological parameters influencing the vibration welding quality, and taking the technological parameters as test factors of an orthogonal test; selecting the level of each test factor; selecting a proper orthogonal test table according to the number of the test factors and the horizontal number; carrying out a vibration welding experiment, and recording an experiment result into an orthogonal test table; obtaining the influence degree and the primary and secondary relations of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality and determining the optimal process parameter level combination; and performing multiple orthogonal tests on the process parameters to obtain a process parameter selection range of ideal vibration welding quality, and finally forming a determination method of the vibration welding process parameters. The invention has the advantages of obtaining the independent action of the process parameters and the influence of the coupling action on the vibration welding quality and obtaining the process parameter selection range of the ideal vibration welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration welding, in particular to a method for determining vibration welding process parameters.
Background
Vibration welding is a new technology which is assisted by mechanical vibration in the welding process to improve the quality of vibration welding. The residual stress at the position of the welding line can be effectively eliminated by welding through the technology, and the effect of grain refinement can be achieved. In the engineering field, the position of a welding seam is often a fragile place in a structure, and the welding seam is most easily damaged and failed, so that the quality of the welding seam has great influence on the service life of a welding component. In addition, no matter whether the vibration is applied to the component or not in the welding process, the generation of welding defects is inevitable, so when the selected process parameters are unreasonable, the vibration welding on the component does not achieve the effect of improving the vibration welding quality, but the generation of the welding defects is accelerated, and the vibration welding quality of the component is greatly influenced. In addition, the coupling effect among the process parameters can also influence the vibration welding effect, and if the action rule of the coupling effect among the process parameters on the effect is not disclosed, the established process parameters are necessarily one-sided, and the situation that the vibration welding effect is not ideal is also easily caused. In summary, if there is a method for determining vibration welding process parameters, when determining the process parameters, a relatively ideal vibration welding quality can be obtained, and simultaneously the independent action of the process parameters and the law of the coupling action thereof on the vibration welding quality can be revealed, so that the popularization and application of the vibration welding technology in the field of mechanical engineering can be assisted.
Aiming at the problem that the welding effect is not ideal due to the fact that the determination of the vibration welding process parameters mainly depends on experience, the invention provides a method for determining the vibration welding process parameters, namely, an orthogonal test design method is introduced into the field of vibration welding, vibration welding experiment schemes which do not consider the coupling effect between the process parameters and consider the coupling effect between the process parameters are respectively made through the orthogonal test design method, and the influence of the independent effect of the process parameters and the coupling effect between the process parameters on the welding effect is researched. In addition, multiple orthogonal tests are carried out on the process parameters, so that a proper process parameter selection range is obtained, a method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is finally formed, a basis is provided for determining the vibration welding process parameters, the popularization and the application of the vibration welding technology are assisted, and the orthogonal test design method is introduced into the determination of the vibration welding process parameters, so that the times of the tests can be reduced, the test cost is saved, and the determination efficiency of the process parameters is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the vibration welding process parameters are determined mainly by depending on experience to cause the vibration welding effect to be unsatisfactory, the invention provides a method for determining the vibration welding process parameters, namely, an orthogonal test design method is introduced into the field of vibration welding, vibration welding experimental schemes which do not consider the coupling effect between the process parameters and consider the coupling effect between the process parameters are respectively made through the orthogonal test design method, and the influence of the independent effect of the process parameters and the coupling effect between the process parameters on the vibration welding effect is researched. In addition, multiple orthogonal tests are carried out on the process parameters, so that a proper process parameter selection range is obtained, a method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is finally formed, a basis is provided for determining the vibration welding process parameters, the popularization and the application of the vibration welding technology are assisted, the orthogonal test design method is introduced into the determination of the vibration welding process parameters, the times of the tests can be reduced, the test cost is saved, and the determination efficiency of the process parameters is improved.
A method of determining vibration welding process parameters, comprising the steps of:
(1) analyzing technological parameters influencing the vibration welding quality, and taking the technological parameters as test factors of an orthogonal test, namely the technological parameters have great influence on the vibration welding quality; selecting welding current I, welding voltage U, welding speed v, vibration frequency f, vibration amplitude d and vibration time t as test factors; selecting vibration welding quality as a test evaluation index;
(2) selecting the level of each test factor; the level of the test factors is selected by the following method: the experimental scheme is determined by adopting a single-factor experimental design method, and the influence of each independent process parameter on the vibration welding quality is preliminarily obtained, so that the value range of each factor and the representative value of each factor are determined, and a basis is provided for selecting the level of the experimental factor when the experimental scheme is determined by adopting an orthogonal experimental design method;
(3) selecting a proper orthogonal test table according to the number of the test factors and the horizontal number, and respectively making an orthogonal test scheme which does not consider the coupling effect between the process parameters and considers the coupling effect between the process parameters;
(4) respectively carrying out vibration welding experiments according to the orthogonal experiment scheme determined in the step 3, and recording experiment results into an orthogonal test table;
(5) analyzing the influence of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality by adopting a range analysis method and a variance analysis method, analyzing the significance of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the influence of the vibration welding quality by adopting an F inspection method, obtaining the influence degree and the primary-secondary relation of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality, and determining an optimal process parameter level combination;
(6) determining a new process parameter level near the determined optimal process parameter level combination on the basis of the determined optimal process parameter level combination, wherein the new process parameter level comprises the optimal process parameter level obtained by primary optimization, and establishing a new orthogonal experimental scheme on the basis; and performing multiple orthogonal tests on the process parameters to obtain a process parameter selection range of ideal vibration welding quality, and finally forming a determination method of the vibration welding process parameters.
Further, the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is characterized in that: the number of test factors in step 3 includes the number of independent process parameters and the number of process parameter combinations for coupling. The independent process parameters are used as the factors for the test, and in addition, the process parameter combination formed by the coupling effect between the process parameters is also used as the factors for the test as well as the independent process parameters.
Further, the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is characterized in that: and the difference value of the welding residual stress after the direct welding treatment of the component and the welding residual stress after the vibration welding treatment is adopted to represent the vibration welding quality. Firstly, only performing a welding experiment on a component according to welding process parameters in the experimental scheme of the step 3 to obtain welding residual stress at a welding seam after welding treatment, and then performing a vibration welding experiment on the component according to vibration welding process parameters comprising the welding process parameters and vibration parameters in the experimental scheme of the step 3 to obtain the welding residual stress at the welding seam after vibration welding treatment; testing by adopting an X-ray diffraction method to obtain welding residual stress at a welding seam; in order to improve the precision of the experiment, 3 measuring points at the same position are respectively selected at the welding seam of the component under two conditions to test the welding residual stress, and the average residual stress of the 3 measuring points is taken to represent the welding residual stress.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows: an orthogonal test design method is introduced into the field of vibration welding, and the influence of the independent action of the process parameters and the coupling action among the process parameters on the vibration welding effect is researched. In addition, multiple orthogonal tests are carried out on the process parameters, so that a proper process parameter selection range is obtained, and finally the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is formed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters has the characteristics of strong reliability, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like, and is favorable for promoting the popularization and application of the vibration welding technology.
2. The method for determining the vibration welding process parameters can greatly reduce the times of experiments and save the cost of the experiments.
3. When the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is used for determining the vibration welding process parameters, the influence of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality can be obtained, and multiple orthogonal tests can be performed on the vibration welding process parameters, so that the process parameter selection range of the ideal vibration welding quality is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for determining parameters of a vibration welding process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a method of determining vibration welding process parameters, comprising the steps of:
(1) analyzing technological parameters influencing the vibration welding quality, and taking the technological parameters as test factors of an orthogonal test, namely the technological parameters have great influence on the vibration welding quality; selecting welding current I, welding voltage U, welding speed v, vibration frequency f, vibration amplitude d and vibration time t as test factors; selecting vibration welding quality as a test evaluation index;
(2) selecting the level of each test factor; the level of the test factors is selected by the following method: the experimental scheme is determined by adopting a single-factor experimental design method, and the influence of each independent process parameter on the vibration welding quality is preliminarily obtained, so that the value range of each factor and the representative value of each factor are determined, and a basis is provided for selecting the level of the experimental factor when the experimental scheme is determined by adopting an orthogonal experimental design method;
(3) selecting a proper orthogonal test table according to the number of the test factors and the horizontal number, and respectively making an orthogonal test scheme which does not consider the coupling effect between the process parameters and considers the coupling effect between the process parameters;
(4) respectively carrying out vibration welding experiments according to the orthogonal experiment scheme determined in the step 3, and recording experiment results into an orthogonal test table;
(5) analyzing the influence of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality by adopting a range analysis method and a variance analysis method, analyzing the significance of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the influence of the vibration welding quality by adopting an F inspection method, obtaining the influence degree and the primary-secondary relation of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality, and determining an optimal process parameter level combination;
(6) determining a new process parameter level near the determined optimal process parameter level combination on the basis of the determined optimal process parameter level combination, wherein the new process parameter level comprises the optimal process parameter level obtained by primary optimization, and establishing a new orthogonal experimental scheme on the basis; and performing multiple orthogonal tests on the process parameters to obtain a process parameter selection range of ideal vibration welding quality, and finally forming a determination method of the vibration welding process parameters.
Further, the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is characterized in that: the number of test factors in step 3 includes the number of independent process parameters and the number of process parameter combinations for coupling. The independent process parameters are used as the factors for the test, and in addition, the process parameter combination formed by the coupling effect between the process parameters is also used as the factors for the test as well as the independent process parameters.
Further, the method for determining the vibration welding process parameters is characterized in that: and the difference value of the welding residual stress after the direct welding treatment of the component and the welding residual stress after the vibration welding treatment is adopted to represent the vibration welding quality. Firstly, only performing a welding experiment on a component according to welding process parameters in the experimental scheme of the step 3 to obtain welding residual stress at a welding seam after welding treatment, and then performing a vibration welding experiment on the component according to vibration welding process parameters comprising the welding process parameters and vibration parameters in the experimental scheme of the step 3 to obtain the welding residual stress at the welding seam after vibration welding treatment; testing by adopting an X-ray diffraction method to obtain welding residual stress at a welding seam; in order to improve the precision of the experiment, 3 measuring points at the same position are respectively selected at the welding seam of the component under two conditions to test the welding residual stress, and the average residual stress of the 3 measuring points is taken to represent the welding residual stress.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. A method of determining vibration welding process parameters, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing technological parameters influencing the vibration welding quality, and taking the technological parameters as test factors of an orthogonal test, namely the technological parameters have great influence on the vibration welding quality; selecting welding current I, welding voltage U, welding speed v, vibration frequency f, vibration amplitude d and vibration time t as test factors; selecting vibration welding quality as a test evaluation index;
(2) selecting the level of each test factor; the level of the test factors is selected by the following method: the experimental scheme is determined by adopting a single-factor experimental design method, and the influence of each independent process parameter on the vibration welding quality is preliminarily obtained, so that the value range of each factor and the representative value of each factor are determined, and a basis is provided for selecting the level of the experimental factor when the experimental scheme is determined by adopting an orthogonal experimental design method;
(3) selecting a proper orthogonal test table according to the number of the test factors and the horizontal number, and respectively making an orthogonal test scheme which does not consider the coupling effect between the process parameters and considers the coupling effect between the process parameters;
(4) respectively carrying out vibration welding experiments according to the orthogonal experiment scheme determined in the step 3, and recording experiment results into an orthogonal test table;
(5) analyzing the influence of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality by adopting a range analysis method and a variance analysis method, analyzing the significance of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the influence of the vibration welding quality by adopting an F inspection method, obtaining the influence degree and the primary-secondary relation of the independent action and the coupling action of the process parameters on the vibration welding quality, and determining an optimal process parameter level combination;
(6) determining a new process parameter level near the determined optimal process parameter level combination on the basis of the determined optimal process parameter level combination, wherein the new process parameter level comprises the optimal process parameter level obtained by primary optimization, and establishing a new orthogonal experimental scheme on the basis; and performing multiple orthogonal tests on the process parameters to obtain a process parameter selection range of ideal vibration welding quality, and finally forming a determination method of the vibration welding process parameters.
2. The method of determining parameters for a vibration welding process of claim 1, wherein: the number of test factors in step 3 includes the number of independent process parameters and the number of process parameter combinations for coupling.
3. The method of determining parameters for a vibration welding process of claim 1, wherein: and the difference value of the welding residual stress after the direct welding treatment of the component and the welding residual stress after the vibration welding treatment is adopted to represent the vibration welding quality.
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| JPS59174280A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1984-10-02 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Control device for welding by ultrasonic reflectoscope |
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