CN111730179A - Welding process of tower frame door frame - Google Patents
Welding process of tower frame door frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN111730179A CN111730179A CN202010650028.5A CN202010650028A CN111730179A CN 111730179 A CN111730179 A CN 111730179A CN 202010650028 A CN202010650028 A CN 202010650028A CN 111730179 A CN111730179 A CN 111730179A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding process of a tower frame, which comprises the following specific steps: s1, rolling a tower drum; s2, opening holes in the tower; s3, grooving the door frame hole; s4, positioning the door frame; s5, spot welding and positioning; s6, preheating a joint; s7, selecting welding wires; and S8, welding the inner and outer grooves. The invention has the following advantages: through set up second cone portion at the outward flange of door frame, guarantee the horizontal precision and the location embedding size of door frame embedding tower section of thick bamboo, avoid welding stress horizontal concentration, guarantee the reduction and the stress balance of stress level.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of wind power generation towers, in particular to a welding process of a tower door frame.
Background art:
the offshore wind power generation tower is a tower pole for wind power generation, and mainly plays a supporting role in a wind generating set and absorbs the vibration of the set. A tower body of the wind power tower cylinder is formed by vertically welding a plurality of tower cylinder sections, a door frame is welded and fixed on the tower cylinder, a door frame hole needs to be cut on the tower cylinder, and then the door frame is vertically pressed into the door frame hole to fix the tower body and the door frame through welding.
And in the welding process of a tower frame and a tower tube, the following technical problems exist:
1. the manufacturing method of the tower cylinder section, the tower cylinder and the wind generating set are disclosed in a patent No. 201711470055.9, notches are respectively arranged on a first cylinder section and a second cylinder section, a door frame is embedded into an opening formed by the two notches and is fixed by welding, certain size deviation exists when the notches are respectively arranged, the size precision of a door frame hole is low, the attaching degree between the opening and the door frame is low, and when the door frame is embedded into the opening, the horizontal precision of the embedding and the size of the embedding which cannot be positioned cannot be ensured;
2. stress when a door frame and a tower barrel section are welded is the most prominent problem in a tower frame welding process, when an existing door frame is welded with a tower barrel, grooves are respectively formed in the inner side and the outer side of a door frame hole of the tower barrel, as shown in fig. 3, the welding direction inclines towards a gap between the grooves and the door frame, and the inclined welding angle cannot be accurately controlled, so that the welding quality cannot be controlled, meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the welding stress is transversely concentrated at the outer edge of the door frame and the groove of the tower barrel, so that the stress is accumulated on the surface of a welding seam between the door frame and the door frame hole, welding defects such as welding cracks occur, in order to ensure that the welding is firm, the groove angle is generally set to be 45 degrees, the stress concentration;
3. when welding between the door frame hole of door frame and tower section of thick bamboo, need the handheld rifle that dries by the fire of operating personnel to preheat in turn, preheating temperature reaches 100 ℃, thereby stress when reducing the welding relatively, if preheating temperature can't reach the requirement, lead to inside and the surface production great residual stress of welding seam between door frame and the door frame hole among the welding process, welding seam surface after the welding produces welding crack, bring the puzzlement of repairing and the cracked risk of door frame welding seam in the use for the product, and handheld rifle that dries by the fire preheats the phenomenon that the in-process exists while preheating, the utilization ratio of the energy is only about 20%, preheat inefficiency, can't guarantee the homogeneity and the preheating efficiency of preheating, consequently, to follow-up welding stress concentration produce great influence.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a welding process of a tower frame, which ensures the horizontal precision and the positioning embedding size of the tower barrel in which the door frame is embedded by arranging a second cone part at the outer edge of the door frame, avoids the transverse concentration of welding stress, and ensures the reduction of the stress level and the stress balance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a welding process of a tower frame comprises the following specific steps:
s1, rolling a tower drum: placing the steel plate on a plate rolling machine for rolling to form a first tower section and a second tower section, wherein the longitudinal joint of the first tower section and the longitudinal joint of the second tower section are staggered by 180 degrees, and assembling the first tower section and the second tower section and then welding a circular joint to enable the first tower section and the second tower section to be welded into a whole;
s2, opening holes of the tower drum: marking a line on the outer wall of the tower barrel to position the position of a door frame hole, enabling the transverse center line of the door frame hole to correspond to the circular seam between the first tower barrel section and the second tower barrel section, enabling the longitudinal center line of the door frame hole to be staggered by 90 degrees with the longitudinal seam of the first tower barrel section and the longitudinal seam of the second tower barrel section, then opening the door frame hole through a cutting machine, and carrying out deburring and polishing treatment on the inner edge of the door frame hole;
s3, beveling a door frame hole: respectively forming grooves at the inner edge and the outer edge of the inner wall of the doorframe hole to form an inner groove and an outer groove, symmetrically arranging the inner groove and the outer groove at the same side to form a first conical part, polishing the inner groove and the outer groove with the blunt edge of 2-3mm, and removing rust and oil stains at the inner groove and the outer groove;
s4, positioning the door frame: a second cone part is integrally forged and projected on the outer wall of the door frame, the extending direction of the second cone part is parallel to the side end face of the door frame, the first cone part and the second cone part are arranged in axial symmetry, the door frame is vertically pressed into the door frame hole, the first cone part on the door frame hole corresponds to the second cone part on the outer wall of the door frame, and a V-shaped weld bead is formed between the first cone part and the second cone part;
s5, spot welding and positioning: carrying out multi-point welding along the joint of the door frame and the tower barrel, wherein the distance between the point welding is 200 mm and 300mm, so that the door frame and the tower barrel are initially positioned and fixed;
s6, preheating a joint: preheating the joint of the door frame and the tower drum by adopting a specific multi-nozzle preheating tool, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-120 ℃, and a plurality of nozzles of the multi-nozzle preheating tool are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the joint of the door frame and the tower drum;
s7, selecting welding wires: selecting a solid welding wire, wherein the yield strength of the welding wire is 355Mpa-400 Mpa;
s8, welding the inner and outer grooves: firstly, the V-shaped welding bead between the outer grooves on the two sides of the door frame and the tower cylinder is welded, 5-6 circles of clockwise cyclic welding are carried out, then the V-shaped welding bead between the inner grooves on the two sides of the door frame and the tower cylinder is welded, 10-12 circles of clockwise cyclic welding are carried out, then the V-shaped welding bead between the outer grooves on the two sides of the door frame and the tower cylinder is welded, 5-6 circles of clockwise cyclic welding are carried out, a welding gun vertically faces to the V-shaped welding bead during welding, the welding heat input is 1.25-1.75KJ/mm, the welding current is 260-300A, the welding voltage is 30-34V, and the welding speed is 280-300 mm/min.
The invention is further improved in that: in step S1, the step of rolling the first tower segment and the second tower segment includes:
A. checking the surface quality of the steel plate, cleaning foreign matters and cleaning cutting slag on a cutting edge;
B. removing grooves at longitudinal seams of the steel plates, and polishing the butt joint grooves of the longitudinal seams;
C. conveying the steel plate to a plate bending machine through a conveying bed for rolling, aligning the end parts by matching a middle roller of the plate bending machine with the conveying bed, pre-bending the head part of one end of the steel plate to form a circular arc of 200 mm and 300mm, checking the end parts of a large opening and a small opening by using a sample plate, continuously rolling after the end parts are qualified, and cleaning the scale skin peeled off in the rolling process;
D. cleaning up oil stains and iron rust within the range of 20-30mm on two sides of a longitudinal joint of a steel plate; adjusting the misalignment amount and the gap of the butt joint of the longitudinal seam, so that the left and right butt joint misalignment amount of the steel plate is less than or equal to 1mm, the thickness misalignment amount is less than or equal to 1mm, and the assembly gap is less than or equal to 1mm, then spot welding the butt joint of the longitudinal seam of the steel plate, wherein the spot welding length is 50mm, arc striking plates are welded at two ends of the longitudinal seam, the thickness of each arc striking plate is consistent with that of a tower section, CO2 gas shielded welding is adopted for back cover welding, the joint is prevented from cracking when the first tower section and the second tower section are hung down from a plate bending machine and during back cover welding, and submerged arc welding of the longitudinal seam is completed at a submerged arc welding station;
E. and cutting the arc striking plates from two ends of the tower drum segment by adopting air gouging cutting, correcting the circle of the tower drum segment by adopting a three-roller plate bending machine, and repairing, repairing and grinding the surface damage generated in the rolling process after the circle is corrected.
The invention is further improved in that: in step S3, the angle between the inner groove and the outer groove is 35 °.
The invention is further improved in that: in step S4, the thickness of the door frame is t, the distance from the center line of the second cone portion to the end face of the door frame, which is located inside the tower, is t1, the distance from the center line of the second cone portion to the end face of the door frame, which is located outside the tower, is t2, and t1 =1/3t, and t2 =2/3 t.
The invention is further improved in that: in step S4, the depth h of the second taper portion is 2 mm.
The invention is further improved in that: in step S6, the specific multi-nozzle preheating tool includes a preheating ring and a plurality of movable supports disposed at a lower end of the preheating ring, the preheating ring is provided with a plurality of preheating nozzles, the plurality of preheating nozzles are distributed around an extending direction of the preheating ring, the preheating ring is communicated with an interior of the preheating nozzle, the preheating nozzle is in an L-shaped structure, the preheating ring is communicated with an air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with an air supply valve.
The invention is further improved in that: the preheating nozzles are arranged on the preheating ring in an angle-adjustable manner.
The invention is further improved in that: the preheating ring is provided with a fixed seat, the upper end face of the fixed seat is provided with a spherical notch, the bottom of the spherical notch is provided with a first through hole communicated with the preheating ring, the lower end of the preheating nozzle is provided with a spherical body, the spherical body is embedded in the spherical notch, the spherical body is internally provided with a second through hole, the second through hole is communicated with the preheating nozzle, the first through hole and the preheating ring, the lower end of the spherical body is provided with a notch, and the lower end face of the spherical body is a horizontal plane; the outer side wall of the spherical body is tightly attached to the inner wall of the spherical recess, and a gap is formed between the lower end of the spherical body and the spherical recess.
The invention is further improved in that: the movable support comprises an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve which are mutually sleeved, the upper sleeve is vertically inserted into the lower sleeve, and the height of the movable support is adjusted and fixed through a clamping piece.
The invention is further improved in that: the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are both hollow structures, two side walls of the upper sleeve are provided with a plurality of groups of first connecting hole groups which are sequentially and vertically arranged, each first connecting hole group consists of two correspondingly arranged first connecting holes, the lower sleeve is provided with two correspondingly arranged second connecting holes, a tightening bolt is arranged between the two first connecting holes and the two second connecting holes which penetrate through any first connecting hole group, and one end of the tightening bolt is provided with a tightening nut; the lower end of the lower sleeve is provided with a supporting platform, and universal wheels are arranged below the supporting platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. integrally welding the first tower section and the second tower section, and integrally cutting the door frame hole, so that the size precision of the door frame hole is ensured, and the size deviation of the door frame hole formed after the tower sections are opened in multiple times is avoided; the longitudinal seam of the first tower section and the longitudinal seam of the second tower section are staggered by 180 degrees, the longitudinal center lines of the door frame holes are staggered by 90 degrees with the longitudinal seams of the first tower section and the longitudinal seams of the second tower section, and stress concentration and increase caused by the crossing of the welding seams are avoided.
2. Set up the second cone portion through the outward flange at the door frame, as long as guarantee first cone portion and second cone portion flush when embedding the door frame into the door frame hole perpendicularly, can guarantee the horizontal accuracy and the location embedding size of door frame embedding tower section of thick bamboo, form the V type welding bead between first cone portion and the second cone portion, welder moves towards V type passageway perpendicularly during the welding, welding quality is easier to handle the accuse, guarantee simultaneously that stress circumference is balanced, avoid transverse stress to concentrate to the door frame, reduce the cumulative stress on door frame and door frame hole welding seam surface, reduce the crackle tendency.
3. And when the inner and outer grooves are welded, an alternative welding mode is adopted, so that the stress balance between the door frame and the inner side and the outer side of the tower cylinder is ensured.
4. When preheating, preheat the nozzle and evenly encircle and aim at welding seam department on the preheating ring, a plurality of preheating nozzles preheat the welding seam flame simultaneously, improve energy utilization, satisfy the requirement of preheating temperature 100 ℃ +/-10 ℃ to reduce the inside and surperficial residual stress of welding seam, guarantee welding seam surface quality.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first tower segment and a second tower segment with door frame apertures according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the door frame of the present invention after the door frame is vertically pressed into the door frame hole;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the welding stress generated without the second cone portion on the door frame according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of welding stress generated by providing a second cone portion on the door frame according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a multi-nozzle preheating tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection between the preheating ring and the preheating nozzle of the multi-nozzle preheating tool of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a movable support of the multi-nozzle preheating tool in the invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1-preheating ring, 2-moving bracket, 3-preheating nozzle, 4-fixing seat, 5-spherical notch, 6-first through hole, 7-spherical body, 8-gap, 9-second through hole and 10-horizontal plane;
21-an upper sleeve, 22-a lower sleeve, 23-a first connecting hole, 24-a second connecting hole, 25-a tightening bolt, 26-a tightening nut, 27-a supporting platform and 28-a universal wheel;
100-a first tower segment, 101-a second tower segment, 102-a longitudinal seam, 103-a circular seam, 104-a door frame, 105-a transverse center line, 106-a longitudinal center line, 107-an inner groove, 108-an outer groove, 109-a first cone part, 110-a second cone part, 111-a door frame hole and 112-a V-shaped weld bead.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The welding process for the tower frame comprises the following specific steps:
s1, rolling a tower drum: as shown in fig. 1, a steel plate is placed on a plate rolling machine to be rolled to form a first tower segment 100 and a second tower segment 101, a longitudinal joint 102 of the first tower segment 100 is staggered 180 degrees from a longitudinal joint 102 of the second tower segment 101, the first tower segment 100 and the second tower segment 101 are assembled and then welded with a circular joint, so that the first tower segment 100 and the second tower segment 101 are welded into a whole;
s2, opening holes of the tower drum: marking on the outer wall of the tower barrel to position the position of a door frame hole 111, enabling a transverse center line 105 of the door frame hole 111 to correspond to a circular seam 103 between a first tower section 100 and a second tower section 101, enabling longitudinal center lines 106 of the door frame hole 111 to be staggered by 90 degrees with a longitudinal seam 102 of the first tower section 100 and a longitudinal seam 102 of the second tower section 101, then opening the door frame hole 111 through a cutting machine, and carrying out deburring and polishing treatment on the inner edge of the door frame hole 111;
s3, beveling a door frame hole: as shown in fig. 2, the inner and outer edge positions of the inner wall of the doorframe hole 111 are respectively beveled to form an inner bevel 107 and an outer bevel 108, the inner bevel 107 and the outer bevel 108 on the same side are symmetrically arranged to form a first conical part 109, the blunt edge of the bevel is 2-3mm (the blunt edge of the bevel is the minimum distance between the two corresponding bevels), the inner bevel 107 and the outer bevel 108 are polished, and rust and oil stains on the inner and outer bevels 108 are removed;
s4, positioning the door frame: a second cone part 110 is integrally forged and projected on the outer wall of the door frame 104, the extending direction of the second cone part 110 is parallel to the side end face of the door frame 104, the first cone part 109 and the second cone part 110 are arranged in axial symmetry, the door frame 104 is vertically pressed into a door frame hole 111, the first cone part 109 on the door frame hole 111 corresponds to the second cone part 110 on the outer wall of the door frame 104, and a V-shaped welding channel 112 is formed between the first cone part 109 and the second cone part 110;
s5, spot welding and positioning: performing multi-point welding along the joint of the door frame 104 and the tower drum, wherein the distance between the point welding is 200 mm and 300mm, so that the door frame 104 and the tower drum are initially positioned and fixed;
s6, preheating a joint: preheating the joint of the door frame 104 and the tower drum by adopting a specific multi-nozzle preheating tool, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-120 ℃, and a plurality of nozzles of the multi-nozzle preheating tool are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the joint of the door frame 104 and the tower drum;
s7, selecting welding wires: selecting a solid welding wire, wherein the yield strength of the welding wire is 355Mpa-400 Mpa;
s8, welding the inner and outer grooves: firstly, welding V-shaped welding channels 112 between a door frame 104 and outer grooves 108 on two sides of a tower barrel, circularly welding the V-shaped welding channels 112 between the door frame 104 and inner grooves 107 on two sides of the tower barrel for 5-6 circles in a clockwise direction, then welding the V-shaped welding channels 11 between the door frame 104 and the outer grooves 108 on two sides of the tower barrel for 10-12 circles in a clockwise direction, and circularly welding the V-shaped welding channels 11 between the door frame 104 and the outer grooves 108 on two sides of the tower barrel for 5-6 circles in a clockwise direction, wherein a welding gun vertically faces to the V-shaped welding channels 112 during welding, the welding heat input is 1.25-1.75KJ/mm, the welding current is 300A, the welding voltage is 30-34V, and the welding speed is 280 mm/min.
In the application, the door frame holes are integrally cut after the first tower section 100 and the second tower section 101 are integrally welded, so that the dimensional accuracy of the door frame holes 111 is ensured, and the door frame holes 111 formed after the tower sections are opened in a grading manner are prevented from generating dimensional deviation; longitudinal seam 102 of first tower segment 100 is staggered 180 degrees with longitudinal seam 102 of second tower segment 101, and the longitudinal center lines of door frame holes 111 are staggered 90 degrees with longitudinal seam 102 of first tower segment 100 and longitudinal seam 102 of second tower segment 101, so that stress concentration and increase caused by weld intersection are avoided.
Through setting up second cone portion 110 at the outward flange of door frame 104, as long as guarantee that first cone portion 109 flushes with second cone portion 110 when embedding door frame 104 perpendicularly into door frame hole 111, can guarantee the horizontal accuracy and the location embedding size of door frame 104 embedding tower section of thick bamboo, form V type welding bead 112 between first cone portion 109 and the second cone portion 110, welder is perpendicular towards V type passageway 112 during the welding, welding quality is handled the accuse more easily, guarantee stress circumference is balanced simultaneously, avoid transverse stress to door frame 104 to concentrate, reduce door frame 104 and door frame hole 111 weld surface's cumulative stress, reduce the crackle tendency.
In the application, the inner groove and the outer groove are welded in an alternate welding mode, so that the stress balance between the door frame 104 and the inner side and the outer side of the tower cylinder is ensured; in the actual operation process, the stress of the part which is firstly welded is most concentrated, the stress of the part which is later welded is gradually reduced, and if 10-12 circles of stress are firstly welded between the outer groove 108 and the door frame 104 and then 10-12 circles of stress are welded between the inner groove 107 and the door frame 104, the stress is concentrated on one side of the outer groove 108 and the door frame 104; on the contrary, if 10-12 circles of welding are performed between the inner groove 107 and the door frame 104 and then 10-12 circles of welding are performed between the outer groove 108 and the door frame 104, the stress is concentrated on one side of the inner groove 107 and the door frame 104;
therefore, 5-6 circles are firstly welded between the outer part of the door frame 104 and the outer groove 108, stress is concentrated on the outer part, then 10-12 circles are welded between the inner part of the door frame 104 and the inner groove 107, the stress originally concentrated on the outer part of the door frame is concentrated inwards, the stress is reduced relatively to the first welding, finally 5-6 circles are welded between the outer part of the door frame 104 and the outer groove 108, the stress is reduced relatively to the second welding, and under the condition that the stress is continuously reduced, inner and outer alternate welding is adopted, so that the stress is kept in axial balance, and the surface quality of the welding position of the door frame 104 and the tower is ensured.
Further, in step S1, the step of rolling the first tower segment 100 and the second tower segment 101 includes:
A. checking the surface quality of the steel plate, cleaning foreign matters and cleaning cutting slag on a cutting edge;
B. removing grooves at longitudinal seams of the steel plates, and polishing the butt joint grooves of the longitudinal seams;
C. conveying the steel plate to a plate bending machine through a conveying bed for rolling, aligning the end parts by matching a middle roller of the plate bending machine with the conveying bed, pre-bending the head part of one end of the steel plate to form a circular arc of 200 mm and 300mm, checking the end parts of a large opening and a small opening by using a sample plate, continuously rolling after the end parts are qualified, and cleaning the scale skin peeled off in the rolling process;
D. cleaning up oil stains and iron rust within the range of 20-30mm on two sides of a longitudinal joint of a steel plate; adjusting the misalignment amount and the gap of the butt joint of the longitudinal seam, so that the left and right butt joint misalignment amount of the steel plate is less than or equal to 1mm, the thickness misalignment amount is less than or equal to 1mm, and the assembly gap is less than or equal to 1mm, then spot welding the butt joint of the longitudinal seam of the steel plate, wherein the spot welding length is 50mm, arc striking plates are welded at two ends of the longitudinal seam, the thickness of each arc striking plate is consistent with that of a tower section, CO2 gas shielded welding is adopted for back cover welding, the joint is prevented from cracking when the first tower section and the second tower section are hung down from a plate bending machine and during back cover welding, and submerged arc welding of the longitudinal seam is completed at a submerged arc welding station;
E. and cutting the arc striking plates from two ends of the tower drum segment by adopting air gouging cutting, correcting the circle of the tower drum segment by adopting a three-roller plate bending machine, and repairing, repairing and grinding the surface damage generated in the rolling process after the circle is corrected.
Further, in step S3, the angle between inner groove 107 and outer groove 108 was 35 °.
In the present application, fig. 3 is a schematic stress diagram of the conventional door frame 104 and tower during welding, in which the welding stress is concentrated toward the groove of the first tapered portion 109 of the door frame 104 and the door frame hole 111 during welding, and fig. 4 is a schematic stress diagram of the door frame 104 and tower during welding, in which the welding stress is dispersed toward the first tapered portion 109 and the second tapered portion 110 during welding, so that the welding stress is balanced, the accumulated stress on the surface of the weld joint is reduced, and the tendency of cracking is reduced.
Further, in step S4, the thickness of the door frame 104 is t, the distance from the center line of the second cone portion 110 to the end surface of the door frame 104 inside the tower is t1, the distance from the center line of the second cone portion 110 to the end surface of the door frame outside the tower is t2, and t1 =1/3t, and t2 =2/3 t.
Further, in step S4, the depth h of the second cone portion 110 is 2 mm.
Further, in step S6, as shown in fig. 5, the specific multi-nozzle preheating tool includes a preheating ring 1 and a plurality of movable supports 2 disposed at a lower end of the preheating ring 1, wherein a plurality of preheating nozzles 3 are disposed on the preheating ring 1, the plurality of preheating nozzles 3 are distributed around an extending direction of the preheating ring 1, the preheating ring 1 is communicated with an inside of the preheating nozzles 3, the preheating nozzles 3 are L-shaped, an air supply pipe is communicated with the preheating ring 1, and an air supply valve is disposed on the air supply pipe (the air supply pipe and the air supply valve are not shown in fig. 5).
When the preheating device is used, after the tower cylinder and the door frame 104 are spot-welded, the tower cylinder is placed on the blank frame, the welding seam between the door frame 104 and the tower cylinder is ensured to be in a horizontal position, the preheating ring 1 is positioned to the V-shaped welding channel 112 between the tower cylinder and the door frame 104, the preheating nozzles on the preheating ring 1 uniformly surround and aim at the V-shaped welding channel 112, the air supply valves on the air supply pipes are opened and ignited, unmanned preheating operation is realized, the V-shaped welding channel 112 is simultaneously subjected to flame spraying and preheating by the plurality of preheating nozzles 3, the energy utilization rate is improved, the requirement of preheating temperature of 100 degrees +/-10 ℃ is met, so that the residual stress of the inner part and the surface during welding is reduced, and the surface quality of the.
In the application, the gas supply pipe and the gas supply valve can adopt a commercially available gas pipeline and a commercially available gas valve, one end of the gas supply pipe is communicated with the preheating ring 1, the other end of the gas supply pipe is connected with an external gas source, the gas supply valve is opened, the preheating nozzle 3 is ignited, and high-temperature preheating of the connection part of the door frame 104 and the tower by the plurality of preheating nozzles 3 is realized.
Furthermore, the preheating nozzles 3 are arranged on the preheating ring 1 in an angle-adjustable manner.
Further, a fixing seat 4 is arranged on the preheating ring 1, as shown in fig. 6, a spherical recess 5 is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixing seat 4, a first through hole 6 communicated with the preheating ring 1 is arranged at the bottom of the spherical recess 5, a spherical body 7 is arranged at the lower end of the preheating nozzle 3, the spherical body 7 is embedded in the spherical recess 5, a second through hole 9 is arranged in the spherical body 7, the second through hole 9 is communicated with the preheating nozzle 3, the first through hole 6 and the preheating ring 1, a gap is arranged at the lower end of the spherical body 7, and the lower end surface of the spherical body 7 is a horizontal surface 10; the outer side wall of the spherical body 7 is closely attached to the inner wall of the spherical recess 5, and a gap 8 is formed between the lower end of the spherical body 7 and the spherical recess 5.
Preheating nozzle 3 can angle regulation set up on preheating ring 1, it is more nimble to use, through the normal running fit between spherical recess 5 on spheroid 7 and the fixing base 4, can realize the adjustment to preheating nozzle 3 angle, can suitably improve frictional force between spheroid 7 and the spherical recess 5, apply great power to preheating nozzle 3 and just can rotate preheating nozzle 3, guarantee preheating nozzle 3 and preheat the stability of in-process at the flame projecting, coal gas has also been avoided simultaneously and has taken place to leak between spherical recess 5 and spheroid 7.
The arrangement of the gap 8 between the spherical body 7 and the spherical notch 5 and the gap on the lower end of the spherical body 7 ensures that the coal gas can still rapidly pass through the first through hole 6, the gap 8 and the second through hole 9 to be sprayed out to the preheating nozzle 3 in the rotating process of the spherical body 7.
Further, the movable bracket 2 comprises an upper sleeve 21 and a lower sleeve 22 which are sleeved with each other, the upper sleeve 21 is vertically inserted into the lower sleeve 22, and the height of the fixed movable bracket is adjusted by a clamping piece.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the upper sleeve 21 and the lower sleeve 22 are both hollow structures, two side walls of the upper sleeve 21 are provided with a plurality of groups of first connecting hole groups which are sequentially and vertically arranged, each group of first connecting holes consists of two correspondingly arranged first connecting holes 23, the lower sleeve 22 is provided with two correspondingly arranged second connecting holes 24, a tightening bolt 25 is arranged between the two first connecting holes 23 and the two second connecting holes 24 which penetrate through any first connecting hole group, and one end of the tightening bolt 25 is provided with a tightening nut 26; the lower end of the lower sleeve 22 is provided with a support platform 27, and universal wheels 28 are arranged below the support platform 27.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The welding process of the tower frame is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
s1, rolling a tower drum: placing a steel plate on a plate rolling machine for rolling to form a first tower section (100) and a second tower section (101), wherein a longitudinal joint (102) of the first tower section (100) is staggered with a longitudinal joint (102) of the second tower section (101) by 180 degrees, and assembling the first tower section (100) and the second tower section (101) and then welding a circular joint to enable the first tower section (100) and the second tower section (101) to be welded into a whole;
s2, opening holes of the tower drum: marking on the outer wall of the tower barrel to position the position of a door frame hole (111), enabling a transverse center line (105) of the door frame hole (111) to correspond to a circular seam (103) between a first tower section (100) and a second tower section (101), enabling a longitudinal center line (106) of the door frame hole (111) to be staggered by 90 degrees with a longitudinal seam (102) of the first tower section (100) and a longitudinal seam (102) of the second tower section (101), then opening the door frame hole (111) through a cutting machine, and carrying out deburring and polishing treatment on the inner edge of the door frame hole (111);
s3, beveling a door frame hole: respectively beveling the inner edge and the outer edge of the inner wall of a doorframe hole (111) to form an inner bevel (107) and an outer bevel (108), symmetrically arranging the inner bevel (107) and the outer bevel (108) on the same side to form a first conical part (109), polishing the inner bevel (107) and the outer bevel (108) with the blunt edge of the bevel of 2-3mm, and removing rust and oil stains on the inner bevel and the outer bevel (108);
s4, positioning the door frame: a second cone part (110) is integrally forged and projected on the outer wall of the door frame (104), the extending direction of the second cone part (110) is parallel to the side end face of the door frame (104), the first cone part (109) and the second cone part (110) are arranged in axial symmetry, the door frame (104) is vertically pressed into a door frame hole (111), the first cone part (109) on the door frame hole (111) corresponds to the second cone part (110) on the outer wall of the door frame (104), and a V-shaped weld bead (112) is formed between the first cone part (109) and the second cone part (110);
s5, spot welding and positioning: carrying out multi-point welding along the joint of the door frame (104) and the tower drum, wherein the distance between the spot welding is 200 mm and 300mm, so that the door frame (104) and the tower drum are initially positioned and fixed;
s6, preheating a joint: preheating the joint of a door frame (104) and a tower drum by adopting a specific multi-nozzle preheating tool, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-120 ℃, and a plurality of nozzles of the multi-nozzle preheating tool are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the joint of the door frame (104) and the tower drum;
s7, selecting welding wires: selecting a solid welding wire, wherein the yield strength of the welding wire is 355Mpa-400 Mpa;
s8, welding the inner and outer grooves: firstly, welding V-shaped welding beads (112) between a door frame (104) and outer grooves (108) on two sides of a tower barrel, circularly welding the V-shaped welding beads (112) between the door frame (104) and inner grooves (107) on two sides of the tower barrel for 5-6 circles in a clockwise direction, circularly welding the V-shaped welding beads (112) between the door frame (104) and the outer grooves (108) on two sides of the tower barrel for 10-12 circles in the clockwise direction, then welding the V-shaped welding beads (11) between the door frame (104) and the outer grooves (108) on two sides of the tower barrel for 5-6 circles in the clockwise direction, wherein a welding gun vertically faces to the V-shaped welding beads (112) during welding, the welding heat input is 1.25-1.75KJ/mm, the welding current is 300A plus, the welding voltage is 30-34V plus, and the.
2. The welding process for an A-door frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the step of rolling the first tower segment and the second tower segment comprises the steps of:
A. checking the surface quality of the steel plate, cleaning foreign matters and cleaning cutting slag on a cutting edge;
B. removing grooves at longitudinal seams of the steel plates, and polishing the butt joint grooves of the longitudinal seams;
C. conveying the steel plate to a plate bending machine through a conveying bed for rolling, aligning the end parts by matching a middle roller of the plate bending machine with the conveying bed, pre-bending the head part of one end of the steel plate to form a circular arc of 200 mm and 300mm, checking the end parts of a large opening and a small opening by using a sample plate, continuously rolling after the end parts are qualified, and cleaning the scale skin peeled off in the rolling process;
D. cleaning up oil stains and iron rust within the range of 20-30mm on two sides of a longitudinal joint of a steel plate; adjusting the misalignment amount and the gap of the butt joint of the longitudinal seam, so that the left and right butt joint misalignment amount of the steel plate is less than or equal to 1mm, the thickness misalignment amount is less than or equal to 1mm, and the assembly gap is less than or equal to 1mm, then spot welding the butt joint of the longitudinal seam of the steel plate, wherein the spot welding length is 50mm, arc striking plates are welded at two ends of the longitudinal seam, the thickness of each arc striking plate is consistent with that of a tower section, CO2 gas shielded welding is adopted for back cover welding, the joint is prevented from cracking when the first tower section and the second tower section are hung down from a plate bending machine and during back cover welding, and submerged arc welding of the longitudinal seam is completed at a submerged arc welding station;
E. and cutting the arc striking plates from two ends of the tower drum segment by adopting air gouging cutting, correcting the circle of the tower drum segment by adopting a three-roller plate bending machine, and repairing, repairing and grinding the surface damage generated in the rolling process after the circle is corrected.
3. The welding process for the tower door frame according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the angle between the inner bevel and the outer bevel is 35 °.
4. The welding process for the tower door frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the thickness of the door frame (104) is t, the distance from the center line of the second cone portion (110) to the end surface of the door frame (104) placed inside the tower is t1, the distance from the center line of the second cone portion (110) to the end surface of the door frame placed outside the tower is t2, t1 =1/3t, and t2 =2/3 t.
5. The welding process of a tower doorframe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the depth h of the second cone portion (110) is 2 mm.
6. The welding process of a tower doorframe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S6, the specific multi-nozzle preheating tool includes a preheating ring (1) and a plurality of movable supports (2) disposed at the lower end of the preheating ring (1), the preheating ring (1) is provided with a plurality of preheating nozzles (3), the plurality of preheating nozzles (3) are distributed around the extending direction of the preheating ring (1), the preheating ring (1) is communicated with the inside of the preheating nozzles (3), the preheating nozzles (3) are L-shaped structures, the preheating ring (1) is communicated with an air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with an air supply valve.
7. The welding process of a tower doorframe as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the preheating nozzle (3) is arranged on the preheating ring (1) in an angle-adjustable manner.
8. The welding process of a tower doorframe as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the preheating device is characterized in that a fixing seat (4) is arranged on the preheating ring (1), a spherical notch (5) is arranged on the upper end face of the fixing seat (4), a first through hole (6) communicated with the preheating ring (1) is formed in the bottom of the spherical notch (5), a spherical body (7) is arranged at the lower end of the preheating nozzle (3), the spherical body (7) is embedded in the spherical notch (5), a second through hole (9) is formed in the spherical body (7), the second through hole (9) is communicated with the preheating nozzle (3), the first through hole (6) and the preheating ring (1), a gap is formed in the lower end of the spherical body (7), and the lower end face of the spherical body (7) is a horizontal plane (10); the outer side wall of the spherical body (7) is closely attached to the inner wall of the spherical recess (5), and a gap (8) is formed between the lower end of the spherical body (7) and the spherical recess (5).
9. The welding process of a tower doorframe as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the movable support (2) comprises an upper sleeve (21) and a lower sleeve (22) which are sleeved with each other, the upper sleeve (21) is vertically inserted into the lower sleeve (22), and the height of the movable support is adjusted and fixed through a clamping piece.
10. The welding process of a tower doorframe as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the upper sleeve (21) and the lower sleeve (22) are both hollow structures, two side walls of the upper sleeve (21) are provided with a plurality of groups of first connecting hole groups which are sequentially and vertically arranged, each first connecting hole group consists of two correspondingly arranged first connecting holes (23), the lower sleeve (22) is provided with two correspondingly arranged second connecting holes (24), a tightening bolt (25) is arranged through the two first connecting holes (23) and the two second connecting holes (24) of any first connecting hole group, and one end of the tightening bolt (25) is provided with a tightening nut (26); the lower end of the lower sleeve (22) is provided with a supporting platform (27), and a universal wheel (28) is arranged below the supporting platform (27).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116652467A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-29 | 昆明市明利丰通信铁塔制造有限公司 | Welding device for iron tower based on automatic adjustment of welding depth of plate thickness |
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| CN116652467A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-29 | 昆明市明利丰通信铁塔制造有限公司 | Welding device for iron tower based on automatic adjustment of welding depth of plate thickness |
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| CN111730179B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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