CN111726419A - Sludge dryer model system based on Internet of things - Google Patents

Sludge dryer model system based on Internet of things Download PDF

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CN111726419A
CN111726419A CN202010616415.7A CN202010616415A CN111726419A CN 111726419 A CN111726419 A CN 111726419A CN 202010616415 A CN202010616415 A CN 202010616415A CN 111726419 A CN111726419 A CN 111726419A
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data
fault
module
temperature
things
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CN111726419B (en
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岑健
杨继松
伍银波
刘溪
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Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/02Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H04L67/025Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423Input/output
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16YINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y20/00Information sensed or collected by the things
    • G16Y20/10Information sensed or collected by the things relating to the environment, e.g. temperature; relating to location
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16YINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y40/00IoT characterised by the purpose of the information processing
    • G16Y40/20Analytics; Diagnosis
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/12Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a sludge dryer model system based on the Internet of things in the technical field of the Internet of things, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a transmission module; the data acquisition module is used for inputting working parameters and fault bit codes and outputting acquired data to the data processing module; the data processing module carries out preprocessing on the data according to the received collected data, wherein the preprocessing comprises cleaning and redundancy removal; the data processing module is also used for packaging the preprocessed data based on a ModBus protocol and outputting the packaged data to the transmission module; and the transmission module receives the packed data, decodes the packed data based on the ModBus protocol, packs the decoded data based on the Mqtt protocol, and outputs the data packed based on the Mqtt protocol to the remote server. The system of the invention can simulate the actual working process of the dryer and provides convenience for the design and test of the dryer.

Description

Sludge dryer model system based on Internet of things
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a sludge dryer model system based on the Internet of things.
Background
The technology of the internet of things can be regarded as an extension of the network technology and is an informationized product. At present, the technology of the internet of things exposes the head and corners in more and more fields, and brings great convenience to the life and work of people. The industrial field is an important field in China, industrial enterprises need to pay attention to environmental problems in the production process, reduce energy consumption and reduce the emission of harmful substances, and the requirement of China on the industrial field is also provided. The sludge dryer based on the internet of things is originally used as industrial equipment for environmental protection, and sludge and harmful substances in the industrial production process are dried, sterilized and the like through an automatic industrial process, so that zero emission of industrial pollution is realized. In order to improve the working efficiency of the sludge dryer, the working process and parameters of the sludge dryer need to be analyzed, and in practical application, the sludge dryer is used for simulating a primary fault or a special situation to analyze a phenomenon, so that the cost is huge. Therefore, a set of model system based on the sludge dryer needs to be designed for simulating the operation of the sludge dryer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a set of sludge dryer model system based on the Internet of things, which is used for simulating the running condition of a sludge dryer.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a sludge dryer model system based on the Internet of things comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a transmission module;
the data acquisition module is used for inputting working parameters and fault bit codes and outputting acquired data to the data processing module;
the data processing module carries out preprocessing on the data according to the received collected data, wherein the preprocessing comprises cleaning and redundancy removal; the data processing module is also used for packaging the preprocessed data based on a ModBus protocol and outputting the packaged data to the transmission module;
and the transmission module receives the packed data, decodes the packed data based on the ModBus protocol, packs the decoded data based on the Mqtt protocol, and transmits the data packed based on the Mqtt protocol to the remote server.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the operating parameter includes at least one of the following parameters: the system comprises a drying chamber chain network conveying system, a drying chamber return air temperature, an environment temperature, an exhaust temperature, a defrosting temperature, an electric heating starting temperature and an electronic expansion valve temperature.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the fault type represented by the fault bit code includes at least one of the following types: the system comprises a compressor 1 fault, a compressor 2 fault, an external fan fault, a protection output fault, an electrical heating fault, a curing barn fan fault, a humidification output fault, a fresh air fan fault, a four-way valve fault, an enthalpy increasing solenoid valve fault, a fresh air valve switch fault, a curing barn fan reverse rotation fault, a fresh air valve opening fault, a dehumidification solenoid valve fault and a power supply fault.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the specific steps of performing redundancy removal on the acquired data include:
setting a redundant data threshold value according to the empirical value;
determining a reasonable fluctuation range of the measured value according to the redundant data threshold value;
if the collected data is within a reasonable fluctuation range, the data is deleted, and if the collected data is outside the reasonable fluctuation range, the data is reserved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of removing redundancy further comprises a secondary screening, wherein the secondary screening means:
data in a reasonable fluctuation range is reserved;
and (3) setting every 9 pieces of data in the reasonable fluctuation range into an array, sequencing the arrays from small to large, selecting the 3 rd, 6 th and 9 th data for reservation, and deleting the data in other reasonable fluctuation ranges.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the data acquisition module comprises a temperature module, an AD converter, a dial switch and an encoder,
the temperature module is used for collecting the temperature and humidity of a drying chamber chain network conveying system, the drying chamber return air temperature, the environment temperature, the exhaust temperature, the defrosting temperature, the electric heating starting temperature and the temperature of the electronic expansion valve, and outputting the collected temperature values to the AD converter;
the AD converter is used for converting the analog temperature value input by the temperature and humidity module into a digital temperature value; and outputting the digital temperature value to a data processing module;
the dial switch is used for setting a fault type, when the switch is turned on, the corresponding fault bit is 1, and when the switch is turned off, the corresponding fault bit is 0;
and the encoder generates a binary code corresponding to the fault type according to the state of the fault bit and inputs the binary code into the data processing module.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the system further includes an optoelectronic isolation module, and the optoelectronic isolation module is connected between the data processing module and the transmission module and used for signal isolation.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the transmission module comprises a gateway, an RS485 interface, a 4G module and a WiFi module,
the gateway receives the packed data output by the data processing module through the RS485 interface, decodes the packed data based on the ModBus protocol, packs the decoded data based on the Mqtt protocol, and outputs the packed data based on the Mqtt protocol to the 4G module or the WiFi module, and the 4G module or the WiFi module is used for sending the packed data based on the Mqtt protocol to the remote server in a wireless mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the system of the invention can simulate the actual working process of the dryer and provides convenience for the design and test of the dryer.
2. The model system can simulate and obtain various parameters of the dryer, and compared with a real dryer, the model system can more flexibly verify various theoretical schemes for drying sludge and provide a basis for the optimal control of the dryer.
3. In the invention, the remote monitoring of the simulation device is realized based on the MQTT protocol, and the communication mode can be used for a real sludge dryer to realize the remote monitoring of the real sludge dryer.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a sludge dryer model system based on the Internet of things;
fig. 2 is a working principle diagram of a sludge dryer model system based on the internet of things in embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the work flow of the sludge dryer model system based on the internet of things in embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic interface diagram of a master control single chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the operating parameters in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an AD converter in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of an encoder in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram corresponding to the type and code of a fault in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram of a remote control architecture according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the overall framework of the system of the present invention is divided into three parts, namely, an analog device, a transmission module and a remote control. The simulation device has the functions as follows: simulating the whole working process of the sludge dryer, setting relevant important parameters, collecting data and preprocessing the data; the transmission module mainly converts data uploaded by the analog device through a ModBus protocol into data of an Mqtt protocol, uploads the data to the remote server through the 4G module or the WiFi module, and receives a control instruction sent by the remote server in real time to complete control of the analog device; the remote control mainly finishes the arrangement and the collection of the collected data and can monitor the data and send control instructions to the mobile user terminal.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the simulation device and the transmission module. The simulation apparatus includes: the intelligent temperature and humidity control system comprises a master control single chip microcomputer, a power supply module, a dial switch, a temperature and humidity module, a potentiometer, an encoder, an AD converter and a photoelectric isolation module. The transmission module comprises an RS485 interface, a gateway, a power supply module, a 4G module and a WiFi module.
The power supply module provides stable working power supply for the main control singlechip and other modules. The dial switch, the encoder, the temperature and humidity module, the potentiometer and the AD converter are used for simulating common fault positions of the sludge dryer and setting important working parameters; the master control single chip microcomputer finishes data acquisition and preprocesses data; the RS485 interface completes communication between the master control singlechip and the gateway; the gateway receives data from the main control single chip microcomputer through RS485, performs protocol conversion on the data (the data uploaded by the ModBus protocol is converted into data of the Mqtt protocol), then uploads the converted data frame to the cloud server through the WiFi module or the 4G module to realize wireless data uploading, and the gateway receives a control instruction sent by the cloud server through the 4G module or the WiFi module and outputs the control instruction to the main control single chip microcomputer. As a specific embodiment, the gateway is connected with the main control singlechip through the photoelectric isolation module, and the communication of a wired network is realized by adopting an Ethernet interface RJ-45.
As shown in fig. 3, the data processing flow of the master control single chip microcomputer is that, first, data acquisition is performed, the input data includes acquired analog signals and digital signals of a dial switch representing a fault bit, and the acquired analog signals are subjected to AD conversion to ensure that all the data input to the master control single chip microcomputer are digital signals. Secondly, the main control single chip microcomputer preprocesses the collected data: including rinse the real-time data who gathers, remove redundancy and because Modbus agreement packed data to data, specifically as follows:
firstly, cleaning the acquired real-time data, and improving the quality of the data.
The type difference exists between the originally acquired precision and the empirical value, so that the data can be simply planned and cleaned for calculation conveniently, and the calculation convenience is improved.
Second, data is processed for redundancy removal.
Generally speaking, the data collected by the sensor nodes has a certain redundancy, and the redundancy is represented by two aspects of space distribution redundancy and time sampling redundancy. For example, if the environmental parameters to be monitored do not fluctuate greatly within a period of time, the sampling frequency can be reduced appropriately; if the spatial distribution of the detected environmental parameters has certain smoothness, the distribution density of the effective nodes can be properly reduced. And the data is reasonably discarded through two dimensions, so that the number of nodes participating in fusion is equivalently reduced.
The redundant data threshold value can be set according to the empirical value, the distribution density of the effective nodes is reduced, for example, the return air temperature range value of the drying chamber is 43.8 ℃ to 55.8 ℃, the space value is set as follows: t ═ T- Δ, T + Δ ], where T is the threshold and Δ represents a reasonable fluctuation range of the measured values. Therefore, only a reasonable fluctuation range of the measured data and the threshold value needs to be obtained, the information quantity falling within the range is small, the redundancy is high, the information quantity falling outside the range can be discarded, and the information quantity falling outside the range is large and is stored, packaged and transmitted.
However, in actual industrial production, a large amount of data falls within a reasonable fluctuation range, and a large amount of data is lost due to single deletion processing, so that the accuracy of later calculation is lost. Thus, the reference sort reorganization method performs a second screening on the data previously defined as the small information amount. The screening strategy is as follows: and (3) setting 9 data in the fluctuation range as an array S, sequencing the arrays from small to large, and then selecting the 3 rd, 6 th and 9 th packed data as output.
And thirdly, packaging data based on a Modbus protocol.
And packaging the data by using a Modbus protocol, and waiting for the query command of the gateway module. If the gateway module sends the query command, the data is sent to the gateway module.
And thirdly, if the gateway module sends a query command, the main control single chip microcomputer sends the packed data to the gateway module, the gateway module unpacks the data by using a Modbus protocol, then packs the data by using an Mqtt protocol, waits for the remote server to send an instruction, when the remote server sends a data uploading instruction, the gateway sends the data packed by using the Mqtt protocol to the remote server by using a 4G module or a WiFi module, and the remote server unpacks the data by using the Mqtt protocol and then displays the data on the mobile user side for data observation.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 4, the main control single chip microcomputer circuit connection diagram of this embodiment includes fault bits GIO0_ B0 — GIO3_ B3 formed by a dial switch and an encoder, important operating parameters formed by temperature, humidity, potentiometers and AD converters include ADC _ D0_ A8, ADC _ D1_ a11, ADC _ D2_ a12, ADC _ D3_ a13, ADC _ D4_ a14, ADC _ D5_ a15, ADC _ D6_ D0 and ADC _ D7_ D1, wired data is transmitted through RS485_ D, and wireless data transmission is realized through 8266_ RXD, 8266_ TXD, EC20_ RXD and EC20_ TXD.
As shown in fig. 5, the working parameters of the sludge dryer are composed of 7 parts, which are respectively the temperature and humidity of the chain network conveying system of the drying chamber, the return air temperature of the drying chamber, the environmental temperature, the exhaust temperature, the defrosting temperature, the electric heating starting temperature, the temperature of the electronic expansion valve and the 7 parameters, and the conversion from the analog signal to the digital signal is completed through the AD converter. As shown IN fig. 6, an ADC 0809 chip is adopted to convert analog data into digital data by collecting data from IN0 to IN7, and transmit the data to the main control single chip microcomputer by D0 to D7, and corresponding IO ports on the main control single chip microcomputer are ADC _ D1, ADC _ D2, ADC _ D3, ADC _ D4, ADC _ D5, ADC _ D6 and ADC _ D7, respectively. The chip ALE is an address latch enable terminal, and is matched with A, B, C to select the acquisition signals of the addresses D0 to D7. ST is the enable terminal of the chip. VREF + and VREF-are reference voltage setting bits.
The empirical value data for these 7 operating parameters is shown in table 1. According to the empirical value, the main control single chip microcomputer can realize the cleaning and redundancy removal of data.
TABLE 1 empirical values of temperature for each compartment
Figure BDA0002563873620000081
The circuit connection diagram of the encoder in this example is as shown in fig. 7, 16-bit important fault bits are converted into 4-bit binary data, logic conversion is performed through a 74LS32 or gate, a priority encoding function is provided, whether U2 works or not is determined through EI1, and finally, GIO0_ B0-GPIO3_ B3 is connected with pins PB0-PB3 where a master single chip is located, and GIO _ EI1_ B4 is used for controlling an enable end of EI 1.
As shown in fig. 8, 16 faults simulated by the 16-bit dial switch are respectively a press 1 fault, a press 2 fault, an external fan fault, a protection output fault, an electric heating fault, a baking room fan fault, a humidification output fault, a fresh air fan fault, a four-way valve fault, an enthalpy-increasing solenoid valve fault, a fresh air valve closing fault, a baking room fan reverse rotation fault, a fresh air valve opening fault, a dehumidification solenoid valve fault and a power supply fault, and the corresponding binary numbers are 0000, 0001, 0010, 0011, 0100, 0101, 0110, 0111, 1000, 1001, 1010, 1011, 1100, 1101, 1110 and 1111. The data provided by the dial switch represents the state quantity of each failed bit, 1 represents work, and 0 represents fault.
As shown in fig. 9, the present example remote control architecture diagram is composed of a user, a product, a device, Apikey, and an application. The maximum resource set of the user is a product, resources under the product comprise various resources such as equipment, equipment data, equipment permission, data trigger service, application based on the equipment data and the like, and the user can create a plurality of products; the device is the mapping of a real terminal on a platform, when the real terminal is connected with the platform, a one-to-one correspondence relation needs to be established with the platform device, data uploaded by the terminal is stored in a data stream, and the device can have one or more data streams; the data stream is used for storing certain attribute data of the equipment, such as temperature, humidity, coordinate and other information; when the platform requires the equipment to upload and store data, the data must be uploaded in a key-value format, wherein the key is the name of the data stream, the value is an actually stored data point, and the value format can be multiple custom formats such as int, float, string, json and the like; the APIkey is a key when the user calls the API, and when the user accesses the product resource, the corresponding APIkey in the product catalog must be used; the application editing service supports a user to generate a simple webpage display application in a mode of dragging a control and associating equipment data streams; the specific scheme is that a one-to-one correspondence relation is established between a real terminal and platform equipment, uploaded data is stored in a data stream, data stream data and other resources inside a product are accessed by calling a secret key Apikey of an API (application programming interface), and finally the data stream data and other resources are fused with an application to form the product to be presented to a mobile user side.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. A sludge dryer model system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a transmission module;
the data acquisition module is used for inputting working parameters and fault bit codes and outputting acquired data to the data processing module;
the data processing module is used for preprocessing the data according to the received acquired data, wherein the preprocessing comprises cleaning and redundancy removal; the data processing module is also used for packing the preprocessed data based on a ModBus protocol and outputting the packed data to the transmission module;
and the transmission module receives the packed data, decodes the packed data based on the ModBus protocol, packs the decoded data based on the Mqtt protocol, and transmits the data packed based on the Mqtt protocol to the remote server.
2. The internet of things-based sludge dryer model system of claim 1, wherein the operating parameters comprise at least one of: the system comprises a drying chamber chain network conveying system, a drying chamber return air temperature, an environment temperature, an exhaust temperature, a defrosting temperature, an electric heating starting temperature and an electronic expansion valve temperature.
3. The internet of things-based sludge dryer model system of claim 1, wherein the fault type represented by the fault bit code comprises at least one of the following types: the system comprises a compressor 1 fault, a compressor 2 fault, an external fan fault, a protection output fault, an electrical heating fault, a curing barn fan fault, a humidification output fault, a fresh air fan fault, a four-way valve fault, an enthalpy increasing solenoid valve fault, a fresh air valve switch fault, a curing barn fan reverse rotation fault, a fresh air valve opening fault, a dehumidification solenoid valve fault and a power supply fault.
4. The internet of things-based sludge dryer model system as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the specific step of performing redundancy removal on the collected data comprises:
setting a redundant data threshold value according to the empirical value;
determining a reasonable fluctuation range of the measured value according to the redundant data threshold value;
if the collected data is within the reasonable fluctuation range, the data is deleted, and if the collected data is outside the reasonable fluctuation range, the data is reserved.
5. The internet of things-based sludge dryer model system of claim 4, wherein the redundancy removing step further comprises a secondary screening, wherein the secondary screening is:
retaining data within the reasonable fluctuation range;
and setting every 9 pieces of data in the reasonable fluctuation range as an array, sequencing the arrays from small to large, selecting the 3 rd, 6 th and 9 th data for reservation, and deleting the data in other reasonable fluctuation ranges.
6. The Internet of things-based sludge dryer model system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a temperature module, an AD converter, a dial switch and an encoder,
the temperature module is used for collecting the temperature and humidity of a drying chamber chain network conveying system, the drying chamber return air temperature, the environment temperature, the exhaust temperature, the defrosting temperature, the electric heating starting temperature and the temperature of an electronic expansion valve, and outputting the collected temperature values to the AD converter;
the AD converter is used for converting the analog temperature value input by the temperature and humidity module into a digital temperature value; and outputting the digital temperature value to the data processing module;
the dial switch is used for setting a fault type, when the switch is turned on, the corresponding fault bit is 1, and when the switch is turned off, the corresponding fault bit is 0;
and the encoder generates a binary code corresponding to the fault type according to the state of the fault bit and inputs the binary code into the data processing module.
7. The internet of things-based sludge dryer model system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the system further comprises a photoelectric isolation module connected between the data processing module and the transmission module for signal isolation.
8. The Internet of things-based sludge dryer model system of claim 6, wherein the transmission module comprises a gateway, an RS485 interface, a 4G module and a WiFi module,
the gateway receives the packed data output by the data processing module through an RS485 interface, decodes the packed data based on a ModBus protocol, packs the decoded data based on an Mqtt protocol, and outputs the packed data based on the Mqtt protocol to a 4G module or a WiFi module, wherein the 4G module or the WiFi module is used for sending the packed data based on the Mqtt protocol to a remote server in a wireless mode.
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CN112486084A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-03-12 江门绿润环保科技有限公司 Remote control method and system for low-temperature drying machine
CN112486084B (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-09-03 江门绿润环保科技有限公司 Remote control method and system for low-temperature drying machine
CN113280851A (en) * 2021-01-23 2021-08-20 广东技术师范大学 Multifunctional test terminal for sludge dryer
CN113483503A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-10-08 无锡热能在线科技有限公司 Universal cloud platform auxiliary intelligent defrosting system and method

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