CN111723472B - Heat exchanger structure optimization method based on hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure - Google Patents
Heat exchanger structure optimization method based on hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat exchanger structure optimization method based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure, which comprises the following steps of: s1: constructing a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function based on a sine-cosine function according to a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure; s2: and carrying out three-dimensional modeling to construct a heat exchange unit body. S3: repeatedly executing the step S2, adjusting parameters, and obtaining an optimal unit body meeting the preset gas-liquid volume ratio condition; s4: obtaining a set unit consisting of preferred unit bodies through a fast iterative array; s5: repeatedly executing the step S4 to obtain a preferred set with optimal surface area and quality; s6: stress optimization is carried out; s7: performing 3D printing optimization; s8: and integrating the preferred assemblies to obtain the final heat exchanger structure. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure, breaks through the selection of the traditional design structure mode, and realizes double breakthroughs in heat transfer efficiency and weight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat exchanger structures, in particular to a heat exchanger structure optimization method based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure.
Background
The traditional heat exchanger structure design depends on a manufacturing process of material reduction manufacturing, so that a relatively complex body is difficult to manufacture, and the further improvement of the related heat exchange efficiency is limited to a certain extent. Although the related design relies on reducing the unit interval and increasing the corrugated plate means to effectively increase the related contact area, the practical fact that the heat transfer area is smaller than the material area still cannot be got rid of. The whole utilization of the material area cannot be realized, and certain waste is caused.
Meanwhile, the plate is normalized and matured, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger cannot be improved through a novel structural mode due to the constraint of the process.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat exchanger is designed by highly standardized fitting design (organic combination of fins, grid plates, barrier strips and the like), realizes a relatively efficient heat dissipation structure, is easy to weld and assemble, and is a highly optimized industrial mature product. However, the dual requirements of weight reduction and higher heat exchange efficiency cannot be effectively met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a heat exchanger structure optimization method based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency and reduce the weight.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a heat exchanger structure optimization method based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function based on a sine-cosine function according to a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure;
s2: carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function to construct a heat exchange unit body;
s3: repeatedly executing the step S2, performing parameter adjustment on the heat exchange unit body in each circulation, adjusting the internal structure of the heat exchange unit body, and changing the gas-liquid volume ratio of the heat exchange unit body until the heat exchange unit body meeting the preset gas-liquid volume ratio condition is obtained and used as an optimal unit body;
s4: obtaining a set unit consisting of the preferred unit bodies through a fast iterative array;
s5: repeatedly executing the step S4, and calculating the surface area and the mass of the set unit in each cycle until a set unit with the optimal surface area and mass is obtained as a preferred set;
s6: performing mechanical simulation on the preferred set so as to optimize stress;
s7: performing 3D printing evaluation on the optimized set after stress optimization, thereby performing 3D printing optimization;
s8: and integrating the optimized optimal set after 3D printing to obtain a final heat exchanger structure meeting the preset task requirement.
Further, the expression of the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function is as follows:
XL＝x-bCos[(x/2)^2]
YL＝y-bCos[(y/2)^2]
ZL＝z-bCos[(z/2)^2]
p1＝ContourPlot3D[Cos[XL]Sin[YL]+
Con[YL]Sin[ZL]+Cos[ZL]Sin[XL]＝0,
{x,-Pi,Pi},{y,-Pi,Pi},{z,-Pi,Pi}]
in the formula, p1 is a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function, ContourPlut 3D [ ] is a three-dimensional space transformation function, x is an x-axis coordinate value, y is a y-axis coordinate value, z is a z-axis coordinate value, and b is a variable parameter.
Further, in step S3, the parameter adjustment is performed on the heat exchange unit body, specifically, the parameter adjustment is performed on the heat exchange unit body by adjusting the variable parameter b.
Further, in step S5, in step S5, the surface area and the mass are optimized, and the evaluation is performed based on the larger the surface area and the smaller the mass.
Further, in step S6, the stress optimization means includes increasing the wall thickness.
Further, in step S7, the means for optimizing 3D printing includes adding a welding wall.
Further, in step S2, three-dimensional modeling is performed on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function based on a Mathematica modeling platform.
Further, step S4 is specifically to introduce the preferred unit cell into a grasshopper parameterized modeling platform, and obtain a set unit composed of the preferred unit cell by fast iterative array.
Further, in step S6, in the simsolid platform, the preferred set is mechanically simulated.
Further, in step S8, the optimized 3D printing preferred set is integrated by the rhono & grasshopper platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the coordination is high: in the process, a mathematic mathematical modeling means is adopted at a source, and then rapid unification is carried out through a mathematical formula on the whole range by depending on a grasshopper parameterization platform, so that the linkage process of rapid analysis and high-speed monomer optimization is realized.
(2) The design thinking is different: for the manufacturing method of the heat exchanger, the design means of additive manufacturing is selected from the source, the manufacturing method is novel and different from the traditional material reduction manufacturing means, so that the design result has complexity and high efficiency and has manufacturability.
(3) Effectively promote heat exchange efficiency and material utilization: by means of the hot-melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange mechanism, the heat transfer area is effectively increased, the overall weight is effectively reduced, the weight is effectively reduced by about 16% and the contact area is increased by 26% by taking the embodiment of the invention as an example, and meanwhile, the material utilization rate is increased to nearly 100% by means of the hot-melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure mode.
(4) The structure is excellent: the heat exchange monomer structure designed by the hot melt type gas-liquid double-phase heat exchange structure has self-supporting capacity, and can adjust the gas-liquid ratio according to parameters, the surface tension is nearly zero, and the liquid is less blocked.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art heat exchanger configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for optimizing the heat exchanger structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger after structural filling is performed through a grasshopper parameterized modeling platform in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger structure obtained by the method for optimizing a heat exchanger structure according to the present invention in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange unit constructed by a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of a heat exchange core of a heat exchanger construction in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal operation of the gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange core in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment provides a heat exchanger structure optimization method based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure, and the method is implemented by a series of parameter synchronization operations and parameter linkage of multiple platforms, and takes hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange parameters as a master control to implement heat dissipation efficiency and weight reduction of an overall radiator, and includes the following steps:
s1: constructing a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function based on a sine-cosine function according to a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure;
equivalently, a basic hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function construction strategy is obtained by analyzing the heat transfer mathematical principle of the existing design, deeply analyzing a gas-liquid two-phase composition structure contained in the existing heat transfer structure and matching with an additive manufacturing means. The basic control method of the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function is obtained through deep combination optimization of sine and cosine functions.
In the step, based on the combination improvement of sine and cosine functions, planar sine and cosine linear molecules form a three-dimensional structure through three-dimensional space transformation, and based on the high periodicity and variable parameter of the functions, the linkage variable porous spiral body structure 'hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange functional structure' is realized, so that the linkage variable porous spiral body structure can adapt to the limitation of various environments and different heat exchange combinations.
The expression of the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function is as follows:
XL＝x-bCos[(x/2)^2]
YL＝y-bCos[(y/2)^2]
ZL＝z-bCos[(z/2)^2]
p1＝ContourPlot3D[Cos[XL]Sin[YL]+
Con[YL]Sin[ZL]+Cos[ZL]Sin[XL]＝0,
{x,-Pi,Pi},{y,-Pi,Pi},{z,-Pi,Pi}]
in the formula, p1 is a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function, ContourPlut 3D [ ] is a three-dimensional space transformation function, x is an x-axis coordinate value, y is a y-axis coordinate value, z is a z-axis coordinate value, and b is a variable parameter. The present embodiment sets the value of the variable parameter b to 1 at the initial timing.
Wherein XL, YL, ZL rely on variable parameter b can realize whole heat transfer structure's overall regulation, realize the internal gas-liquid volume ratio combination of different units simultaneously.
S2: and carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function based on a Mathematica modeling platform to construct a heat exchange unit body.
S3: repeatedly executing the step S2, performing parameter adjustment on the heat exchange unit body in each circulation, adjusting the internal structure of the heat exchange unit body, and changing the gas-liquid volume ratio of the heat exchange unit body until the heat exchange unit body meeting the preset gas-liquid volume ratio condition is obtained and used as an optimal unit body;
equivalently, by applying a Mathematica modeling platform, a geometric monomer unit cell constructed based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function is obtained, a gas-liquid ratio variable heat exchange unit body is obtained by adjusting a function value, and finally an optimal unit body is obtained.
S4: as shown in fig. 3, introducing the preferred unit bodies into a grasshopper parameterized modeling platform, and obtaining a set unit composed of the preferred unit bodies through a fast iterative array;
equivalently, the optimized unit body is introduced into a grasshopper parametric modeling platform, and the three-dimensional array of the xyz axis is carried out on the basis of the original monomer, so that the structure filling of the interior of the basic heat exchange body is quickly realized, and the unit cell size and the unit cell number are regarded as basic parameters.
S5: repeatedly executing the step S4, and calculating the surface area and the mass of the set unit in each cycle until a set unit with the optimal surface area and mass is obtained as a preferred set; the preferred set can be obtained by setting the number of repetitions. Where surface area and mass are optimal, the evaluation is based on the larger the surface area and the smaller the mass.
Equivalently, basic area and volume references are obtained through parameterization fast iteration, and a preferable set meeting requirements is obtained by applying function fitting and a screening mode of dichotomy.
S6: performing mechanical simulation on the preferred set in a simsolid platform so as to perform stress optimization;
equivalently, the existing optimized set is led into a simsolid platform for mechanical simulation, in the basically existing pressure environment, the optimized set with the thickness meeting the requirement is obtained through means of analyzing and optimizing, increasing the wall thickness and the like, and the optimized set is analyzed through the previous mathematical modeling to basically meet the gas-liquid area ratio and the heat exchange area ratio of objective requirements.
S7: performing 3D printing evaluation on the optimized set after stress optimization, thereby performing 3D printing optimization;
equivalently, the optimized set is subjected to further additive manufacturing evaluation, process production evaluation is carried out on the premise of meeting the requirements of heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange area, and the optimized set has certain printing conditions by means of adding welding walls and the like.
S8: as shown in fig. 4, the optimized optimal set of 3D printing is integrated through a rhono & grasshopper platform to obtain a final heat exchanger structure meeting the preset task requirements.
Equivalently, the last integration operation is performed on the basis of the optimal set obtained in the step S7, the parameter modeling advantages of the rhono & grasshopper platform are utilized, partial parameter models in the front part are integrated, the optimal result meeting the task requirement and finally based on hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange parameter allocation is obtained, and by using parameter linkage, the heat exchange surface area is increased by 26% and the overall weight is reduced by 16%.
The following describes in detail the iterative principle and the structural principle of the heat exchanger structure optimization method according to the embodiment.
First, iteration principle
Due to the gas-liquid two-phase heat exchanger, a unit body with the largest volume capacity as possible is required to be printed by means of the minimum mass within the printable range under the condition of meeting the basic gas-liquid volume ratio. Therefore, surface hydraulic pressure simulation analysis needs to be carried out on monomer unit cells with certain parameter control, surface area and gas-liquid ratio.
The method comprises the steps of adjusting a gas-liquid ratio parameter monomer unit cell model required by a target through parameters, obtaining an assembly unit consisting of preferred unit bodies through a fast iterative array, estimating the surface area and the volume of the unit and comparing the surface area and the volume with the target, and repeating the steps to finally obtain a preferred assembly with the mass smaller than that of an original model and the surface area larger than that of the original model (namely obtaining a model with the mass as light as possible and the surface area as large as possible under the condition of meeting the minimum printing precision).
And then, carrying out fine adjustment, then, carrying out surface hydraulic analysis on the simsolid, slightly or integrally increasing the thickness of a weak part, relieving the stress concentration phenomenon (structural optimization), and then, integrally carrying out 3d printing evaluation.
Second, principle of structure
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, two mutually independent flow channels (hereinafter referred to as a gas channel and a liquid channel) are formed in the heat exchange unit body constructed based on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function, and the ratio of the volume of the gas channel to the volume of the liquid passage is 3 by measuring the volumes of the two channels of the unit body through software: 1.
combining the dense distribution of a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function structure in a space, and according to an expression Q ═ h delta T multiplied by S of fluid convection heat transfer, (h is a heat transfer coefficient (W/K.m 2), and Q is heat transfer quantity); and (5) drawing a conclusion that: the first method for improving the heat transfer quantity is to improve the gas-wall contact area S, and the gas-liquid ratio distribution mode effectively improves the gas-wall contact area in unit volume and greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency.
According to software estimation, the design and surface area of the water channel grid has essentially no effect on heat exchange, taking a conventional wave heat exchanger as an example. According to analysis, the heat exchanger plays roles of improving the heat exchange coefficient h by waterway turbulence, evenly dividing cooling water flow and supporting the pipe wall, but does not effectively improve the heat exchange surface area.
By analyzing the implementation case of the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function structure, the wall surface of the structure body in the implementation case can be completely used as a heat exchange generating surface, so that the gas-wall contact area is greatly increased by nearly 100 percent of material utilization rate, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 6, the heat exchanger structure of the present embodiment itself relies on the high symmetry and periodicity of the sine and cosine function combination to form the following features: the gas phase channels are arranged in rows and columns according to a distribution rule similar to a sine function to form independent gas phase channels; the liquid flow channels are arranged in the residual space in the same arrangement rule. The two form independent and complete row-column combination, the adjacent relation is presented on the plane, the mutual staggered relation is presented on the space, and the two can not alternate with each other.
The cross section of the flow channel of the heat exchanger obtained in the embodiment always presents high periodicity of sine and cosine functions, and the area ratio of the cross section always strictly accords with the ratio of gas-liquid ratio. The structural walls of the heat exchanging core are present between the gas phase channels and the liquid channels, and the exchange of heat takes place on this exchange structural wall.
The wall thickness of the heat exchanger structure designed in the embodiment is 0.3mm, the edge length of each unit body is 0.425 × pi (mm), the surface tension formed by the combination of sine and cosine functions is small, the liquid deflection degree is small, and through software measurement, the heat exchange core structure in the embodiment can bear 10.5bar of liquid stress and has strong structure bearing capacity.
The specific heat exchange principle is as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, the liquid can freely flow into the heat exchange core through the liquid channel at the lower part of the figure, and the liquid flows in the liquid flow channel of the heat exchange core limited by the liquid seal plates at the two ends. The gas enters the structure body from the positions of two ends without the sealing plates and flows into the gas phase channel. The gas and liquid flow in the respective flow channels, are communicated through holes between layers, are mutually staggered on the plane and are mutually staggered in space.
When the liquid reaches the bottom, the liquid is pressed into the liquid channel above the liquid channel by the liquid pressure, and the liquid is pressed out of the liquid channel to the water outlet groove in a mode of entering the structural core body.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A heat exchanger structure optimization method based on a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: constructing a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function based on a sine-cosine function according to a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure;
s2: carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function to construct a heat exchange unit body;
s3: repeatedly executing the step S2, performing parameter adjustment on the heat exchange unit body in each circulation, adjusting the internal structure of the heat exchange unit body, and changing the gas-liquid volume ratio of the heat exchange unit body until the heat exchange unit body meeting the preset gas-liquid volume ratio condition is obtained and used as an optimal unit body;
s4: obtaining a set unit consisting of the preferred unit bodies through a fast iterative array;
s5: repeatedly executing the step S4, and calculating the surface area and the mass of the set unit in each cycle until a set unit with the optimal surface area and mass is obtained as a preferred set;
s6: performing mechanical simulation on the preferred set so as to optimize stress;
s7: performing 3D printing evaluation on the optimized set after stress optimization, thereby performing 3D printing optimization;
s8: integrating the optimized optimal set after 3D printing to obtain a final heat exchanger structure meeting the preset task requirement;
the expression of the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function is as follows:
XL＝x-bCos[(x/2)^2]
YL＝y-bCos[(y/2)^2]
ZL＝z-bCos[(z/2)^2]
p1＝ContourPlot3D[Cos[XL]Sin[YL]+
Con[YL]Sin[ZL]+Cos[ZL]Sin[XL]＝0,
{x,-Pi,Pi},{y,-Pi,Pi},{z,-Pi,Pi}]
in the formula, p1 is a hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function, ContourPlut 3D [ ] is a three-dimensional space transformation function, x is an x-axis coordinate value, y is a y-axis coordinate value, z is a z-axis coordinate value, and b is a variable parameter.
2. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot melt type gas-liquid dual-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the parameters of the heat exchange unit bodies are adjusted, specifically, the parameters of the heat exchange unit bodies are adjusted by adjusting a variable parameter b.
3. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the surface area and the mass are optimal, and the estimation is performed based on the larger the surface area and the smaller the mass.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, the stress optimization means includes increasing the wall thickness.
5. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, the means for optimizing the 3D printing comprises adding a welding wall.
6. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot-melt-type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the hot-melt-type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange function is three-dimensionally modeled based on a Mathematica modeling platform.
7. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is specifically to introduce the preferred unit bodies into a grasshopper parameterized modeling platform, and obtain an aggregate unit composed of the preferred unit bodies through a fast iterative array.
8. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the preferred set is mechanically simulated in a simsolid platform.
9. The method for optimizing the structure of the heat exchanger based on the hot melt type gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S8, the optimized preferred set of 3D printing is integrated through a rhino & grasshopper platform.
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