CN111723333A - Parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on jet flow fracture method - Google Patents

Parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on jet flow fracture method Download PDF

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CN111723333A
CN111723333A CN202010597055.0A CN202010597055A CN111723333A CN 111723333 A CN111723333 A CN 111723333A CN 202010597055 A CN202010597055 A CN 202010597055A CN 111723333 A CN111723333 A CN 111723333A
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jet flow
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唐坤
王广欣
马庆
王要利
王钰森
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Taian Jingpin New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on a jet flow fracture method. The invention deduces the relationship among the flexible frequency, the jet pressure and the jet speed of the equipment in the process of preparing the solder balls, provides theoretical guidance for the production process of the BGA solder balls, can solve the problems of the balling rate and the diameter distribution of the BGA balls to a certain extent, improves the balling rate and the qualification rate of the produced BGA solder balls, and provides theoretical basis for the rapid development of the industry.

Description

Parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on jet flow fracture method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of integrated circuit packaging material preparation, in particular to a parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on a jet flow fracture method.
Background
Along with the increase of the demand degree of human beings on electronic information products, people can carry the electronic information products more conveniently, and the electronic products gradually develop towards convenience, intelligence and high performance. Since the 90 s of the 20 th century, along with the development of Integrated technology, the improvement of instruments and the use of deep submicron technology, LSI (Large-scale Integrated Circuit), VLSI (Very-Large-scale Integrated Circuit), ULSI (Ultra-Large-scale Integrated Circuit) and packaged products have appeared, and the performance of the packaged products has been rapidly improved. The traditional packaging form has difficulty in meeting the technical requirements of rapid development of electronic products. In order to ensure the packaging quality and the requirement of electronic products, a new packaging technology, namely BGA packaging, is developed. Because BGA package has many pins, characteristics such as small, makes the electronic product possess higher information transmission and data processing speed in less space. BGA packaging includes micro-electronic packaging technology of millimeter and micron level, and has been widely used since the beginning, including many electronic products such as computers, tablet computers, cameras and mobile phones. At present, the electronic packaging technology is rapidly developed, and the packaging form of the integrated circuit is developed towards the direction of three-dimensional packaging. The jet flow breaking method is that under the action of pressure, molten metal is made to pass through a nozzle to produce metal jet flow, the flow rate is controlled to make the jet flow keep laminar flow state, mechanical vibration with certain frequency is acted on the jet flow, and when the vibration frequency and amplitude are matched with the technological parameters of nozzle diameter, etc., the jet flow can be broken into uniform metal drops. The process is simple, easy to realize automatic control, short in flow, low in production cost, and uniform in size of the obtained metal particles, and is a precise solder ball preparation method with the greatest development prospect at present. However, in the process of producing BGA solder balls by a jet fracture method, due to the influence of a plurality of factors such as material superheat degree, interference frequency, jet pressure, jet speed and the like, the balling rate and diameter distribution of the BGA balls always have great problems, and in domestic enterprises for producing the BGA solder balls, the one-time qualification rate of the products before screening does not exceed 30%, so how to improve the qualification rate of the products becomes a main factor for restricting the development of the industry. The invention deduces the relationship among the disturbance frequency, the jet pressure and the jet speed of the equipment in the ball manufacturing process, and provides theoretical guidance for the production process of the BGA solder balls.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on a jet flow fracture method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: setting the diameter of a target ball, and selecting the diameter of a corresponding crucible nozzle;
step two: deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity;
step three: and deducing the relation between the jet velocity and the pressure, wherein the relation comprises a loss coefficient, a path loss and a kinetic energy correction coefficient based on a Bernoulli equation and a Darcy-Weisbach formula.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the relationship between the disturbance frequency and the jet velocity is derived in the second step, according to the unstable principle of the jet, when a deflection with a sufficiently large amplitude is loaded in the horizontal direction, the jet will uniformly break along with the period of the deflection, and according to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the inner cylindrical jet of the wavelength before the jet breaks is equal to the mass of the spherical droplet after the jet breaks.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the step one, the target sphere diameter is determined according to the packaging requirements, the target sphere diameter is in the range of 0.1mm to 0.8mm, and the diameter of the crucible nozzle is selected to be 1/2 of the target sphere diameter.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the second step, a relationship between the disturbance frequency and the jet velocity is derived, according to:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000021
and
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000022
two equations to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000023
According to the following steps: v ═ f λ; to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000024
Where ρ islIs the droplet density, d1Is the jet diameter, d2Is the droplet diameter, λ is the jet wavelength, f is the interference frequency, λ is the jet wavelength, ρsIs the density of solid spheres, d0Is the diameter of a solid sphere and v is the diameter of a shotThe flow velocity.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the third step, the relationship between the jet velocity and the pressure is derived, the pressure applied to the liquid level of the crucible is set to be P2, the ambient pressure outside the crucible is set to be P0, and bernoulli equations are listed for surface 0 and surface 1:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000025
in the formula, P1For the pressure at face 1, α 0 and α 2 are kinetic energy correction factors1v1=A0v0To obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000026
simplifying to obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000027
loss along the way is hf
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000028
For laminar flow, according to the Darcy-Weisbach equation
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000029
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000210
hmfor the local loss due to the abrupt orifice,
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000211
and zeta is a loss coefficient, and according to the area ratio of the mutation pipe orifice, zeta is 0.4-0.6, and the following is obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000031
let P1-P0Finish, to give:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000032
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000033
the fluid in the crucible nozzle is laminar, so α0And α1Substitute 2 into
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000034
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000035
the jet velocity obtained by finishing is
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000036
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention deduces the relationship among the flexible frequency, the jet pressure and the jet speed of the equipment in the process of preparing the solder balls, provides theoretical guidance for the production process of the BGA solder balls, can solve the problems of the balling rate and the diameter distribution of the BGA balls to a certain extent, improves the balling rate and the qualification rate of the produced BGA solder balls, and provides theoretical basis for the rapid development of the industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a derivation process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crucible model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a tin ball object of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an XRD pattern of a solder ball according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a component diagram of the surface scanning of a solder ball according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention discloses a parameter derivation method for preparing a BGA solder ball based on a jet fracture method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: setting the diameter of a target ball, and selecting the diameter of a corresponding crucible nozzle;
step two: deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity;
step three: and deducing the relation between the jet velocity and the pressure, wherein the relation comprises a loss coefficient, a path loss and a kinetic energy correction coefficient based on a Bernoulli equation and a Darcy-Weisbach formula.
And deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet flow speed in the second step, wherein according to the unstable principle of the jet flow, when the deflection with large enough amplitude is loaded in the horizontal direction, the jet flow can be uniformly broken along with the period of the deflection, and according to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the cylindrical jet flow in the wavelength before the jet flow is broken is equal to the mass of the spherical liquid drop after the jet flow is broken.
In the step one, the target ball diameter is determined according to the packaging requirement, the selected target ball diameter is 0.1mm, the selected crucible nozzle diameter is 0.05mm, and the solder ball material is Sn3Ag0.5Cu.
Deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity in the second step according to the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000041
and
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000042
two equations to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000043
According to the following steps: v ═ f λ; to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000044
Where ρ islIs the droplet density, d1Is the jet diameter, d2Is the diameter of a droplet ballλ is the jet wavelength, f is the interference frequency, λ is the jet wavelength, ρsIs the density of solid spheres, d0Is the solid sphere diameter and v is the jet velocity.
In the third step, the relation between the jet flow speed and the pressure is deduced, and the pressure applied to the liquid level of the crucible is set as P2The ambient pressure outside the crucible is P0The Bernoulli equation is listed for facet 0 and facet 1:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000045
in the formula, P1For the pressure at face 1, α 0 and α 2 are kinetic energy correction factors1v1=A0v0To obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000046
simplifying to obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000047
loss along the way is hf
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000048
For laminar flow, according to the Darcy-Weisbach equation
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000049
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000410
hmfor the local loss due to the abrupt orifice,
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000051
wherein zeta is a loss coefficient, and according to the area ratio of the mutation pipe orifice, zeta is 0.4, and the following is obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000052
let P1-P0Finish, to give:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000053
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000054
the fluid in the crucible nozzle is laminar, so α0And α1Substitute 2 into
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000055
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000056
the jet velocity obtained by finishing is
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000057
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention discloses a parameter derivation method for preparing a BGA solder ball based on a jet fracture method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: setting the diameter of a target ball, and selecting the diameter of a corresponding crucible nozzle;
step two: deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity;
step three: and deducing the relation between the jet velocity and the pressure, wherein the relation comprises a loss coefficient, a path loss and a kinetic energy correction coefficient based on a Bernoulli equation and a Darcy-Weisbach formula.
And deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet flow speed in the second step, wherein according to the unstable principle of the jet flow, when the deflection with large enough amplitude is loaded in the horizontal direction, the jet flow can be uniformly broken along with the period of the deflection, and according to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the cylindrical jet flow in the wavelength before the jet flow is broken is equal to the mass of the spherical liquid drop after the jet flow is broken.
In the step one, the target ball diameter is determined according to the packaging requirement, the selected target ball diameter is 0.4mm, the selected crucible nozzle diameter is 0.2mm, and the solder ball material is Sn3Ag0.5Cu.
Deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity in the second step according to the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000061
and
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000062
two equations to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000063
According to the following steps: v ═ f λ; to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000064
Where ρ islIs the droplet density, d1Is the jet diameter, d2Is the droplet diameter, λ is the jet wavelength, f is the interference frequency, λ is the jet wavelength, ρsIs the density of solid spheres, d0Is the solid sphere diameter and v is the jet velocity.
In the third step, the relation between the jet flow speed and the pressure is deduced, and the pressure applied to the liquid level of the crucible is set as P2The ambient pressure outside the crucible is P0The Bernoulli equation is listed for facet 0 and facet 1:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000065
in the formula, P1For the pressure at face 1, α 0 and α 2 are kinetic energy correction factors1v1=A0v0To obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000066
simplifying to obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000067
loss along the way is hf
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000068
For laminar flow, according to the Darcy-Weisbach equation
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000069
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000610
hmfor the local loss due to the abrupt orifice,
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000611
wherein zeta is a loss coefficient, and according to the area ratio of the mutation pipe orifice, zeta is 0.5, and the following is obtained:
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000612
let P1-P0Finish, to give:
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000613
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000071
the fluid in the crucible nozzle is laminar, so α0And α1Substitute 2 into
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000072
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000073
the jet velocity obtained by finishing is
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000074
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention discloses a parameter derivation method for preparing a BGA solder ball based on a jet fracture method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: setting the diameter of a target ball, and selecting the diameter of a corresponding crucible nozzle;
step two: deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity;
step three: and deducing the relation between the jet velocity and the pressure, wherein the relation comprises a loss coefficient, a path loss and a kinetic energy correction coefficient based on a Bernoulli equation and a Darcy-Weisbach formula.
And deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet flow speed in the second step, wherein according to the unstable principle of the jet flow, when the deflection with large enough amplitude is loaded in the horizontal direction, the jet flow can be uniformly broken along with the period of the deflection, and according to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the cylindrical jet flow in the wavelength before the jet flow is broken is equal to the mass of the spherical liquid drop after the jet flow is broken.
In the step one, the target ball diameter is determined according to the packaging requirement, the selected target ball diameter is within the range of 0.8mm, the diameter of a nozzle of the crucible is 0.4mm, and the solder ball material is Sn3Ag0.5Cu.
Deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity in the second step according to the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000075
and
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000076
two equations to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000077
According to the following steps: v ═ f λ; to obtain
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000078
Where ρ islIs the droplet density, d1Is the jet diameter, d2Is the droplet diameter, λ is the jet wavelength, f is the interference frequency, λ is the jet wavelength, ρsIs the density of solid spheres, d0Is the solid sphere diameter and v is the jet velocity.
In the third step, the relation between the jet flow speed and the pressure is deduced, and the pressure applied to the liquid level of the crucible is set as P2The ambient pressure outside the crucible is P0The Bernoulli equation is listed for facet 0 and facet 1:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000081
in the formula, P1For the pressure at face 1, α 0 and α 2 are kinetic energy correction factors1v1=A0v0To obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000082
simplifying to obtain:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000083
loss along the way is hf
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000084
For laminar flow, according to the Darcy-Weisbach equation
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000085
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000086
hmfor the local loss due to the abrupt orifice,
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000087
wherein zeta is a loss coefficient, and according to the area ratio of the mutation pipe orifice, zeta is 0.6, and the following is obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000088
let P1-P0Finish, to give:
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000089
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000810
the fluid in the crucible nozzle is laminar, so α0And α1Substitute 2 into
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000811
Obtaining:
Figure RE-GDA00026275975900000812
the jet velocity obtained by finishing is
Figure RE-GDA0002627597590000091
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the invention deduces the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity by setting the target ball diameter, selecting the corresponding crucible nozzle diameter, deducing the relation between the jet velocity and the pressure intensity based on Bernoulli equation and Darcy-Weisbach formula, including loss coefficient, on-way loss and kinetic energy correction coefficient, and providing theoretical guidance for the production process of the BGA solder ball.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on a jet flow fracture method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: setting the diameter of a target ball, and selecting the diameter of a corresponding crucible nozzle;
step two: deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity;
step three: and deducing the relation between the jet velocity and the pressure, wherein the relation comprises a loss coefficient, a path loss and a kinetic energy correction coefficient based on a Bernoulli equation and a Darcy-Weisbach formula.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter derivation method comprises: and deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet flow speed in the second step, wherein according to the unstable principle of the jet flow, when the deflection with large enough amplitude is loaded in the horizontal direction, the jet flow can be uniformly broken along with the period of the deflection, and according to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the cylindrical jet flow in the wavelength before the jet flow is broken is equal to the mass of the spherical liquid drop after the jet flow is broken.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter derivation method comprises: in the step one, the target sphere diameter is determined according to the packaging requirement, the target sphere diameter is in the range of 0.1 mm-0.8 mm, and the diameter of the crucible nozzle is selected to be 1/2 of the target sphere diameter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter derivation method comprises: deducing the relation between the interference frequency and the jet velocity in the second step according to the following steps:
Figure FDA0002559264440000011
and
Figure FDA0002559264440000012
two equations to obtain
Figure FDA0002559264440000013
According to the following steps: v ═ f λ; to obtain
Figure FDA0002559264440000014
Where ρ islIs the droplet density, d1Is the jet diameter, d2Is the droplet diameter, λ is the jet wavelength, f is the interference frequency, λ is the jet wavelength, ρsIs the density of solid spheres, d0Is the solid sphere diameter and v is the jet velocity.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter derivation method comprises: in the third step, the relation between the jet flow speed and the pressure is deduced, and the pressure applied to the liquid level of the crucible is set as P2The ambient pressure outside the crucible is P0The Bernoulli equation is listed for facet 0 and facet 1:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000015
in the formula, P1For the pressure at face 1, α 0 and α 2 are kinetic energy correction factors1v1=A0v0To obtain:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000016
simplifying to obtain:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000017
loss along the way is hf
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000018
For laminar flow, according to the Darcy-Weisbach equation
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000019
Obtaining:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000021
hmfor the local loss due to the abrupt orifice,
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000022
and zeta is a loss coefficient, and according to the area ratio of the mutation pipe orifice, zeta is 0.4-0.6, and the following is obtained:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000023
let P1-P0Finish, to give:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000024
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000025
the fluid in the crucible nozzle is laminar, so α0And α1Substitute 2 into
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000026
Obtaining:
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000027
the jet velocity obtained by finishing is
Figure RE-FDA0002627597580000028
CN202010597055.0A 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Parameter derivation method for preparing BGA solder balls based on jet flow fracture method Pending CN111723333A (en)

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