CN111723174A - Quick region statistical method and system for raster data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for rapidly counting a region of raster data, which comprise the following steps: converting the target vector range from the first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; based on the geographic coordinates, grouping every two intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs; mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to row-column coordinates of target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs; and in the target raster data, performing raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result. The invention solves the technical problem that large-scale raster data cannot be processed in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geographic information processing, in particular to a method and a system for rapidly counting a region of raster data.
Background
Regional statistics (zonal statistics) of raster data is a common analysis tool in the field of remote sensing and geographic information systems, and typical applications of the regional statistics include statistics of minimum values, maximum values, effective pixel numbers, mean values, variances and the like of raster data in any vector range. In the prior art, two classical methods are adopted for carrying out regional statistics on raster data, namely, vector files are rasterized to generate mask data with the same size as target raster data, and then statistical analysis is carried out by combining the mask data; and secondly, carrying out spatial judgment on whether the pixels of the raster data are in the vector region one by one so as to realize statistical analysis. The two methods either need extremely long hard disk read-write time or extremely large calculation amount, and when processing large grid data of more than 10GB, a single machine program adopting the two methods can hardly be used.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method and a system for fast region statistics of raster data, which alleviate the technical problem in the prior art that large raster data cannot be processed.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for fast region statistics of raster data, including: converting a target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; the target vector range is a closed curve surrounded by the boundary of the region to be counted, the first coordinate system is a coordinate system where the vector data of the region to be counted are located, the second coordinate system is a coordinate system where the target raster data are located, and the target raster data are raster data including the region to be counted; calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; the preset scanning lines are straight lines which are distributed between the top end coordinates and the bottom end coordinates in the second coordinate system, are parallel to the horizontal direction, and are spaced at intervals according to the resolution of the grid data in the vertical direction; based on the geographic coordinates, grouping every two intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs; mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to row-column coordinates of the target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs; and in the target raster data, performing raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result.
Further, before converting the target vector range from the first coordinate system to under the second coordinate system, the method further comprises: and acquiring a target vector range based on the vector data of the region to be counted.
Further, based on the geographic coordinates, grouping every two intersections of each scan line and the target vector range to obtain a plurality of intersection pairs, including: and sequencing the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range according to the horizontal coordinate of the geographic coordinate, and grouping every two intersection points according to the sequencing to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs.
Further, mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection pair to row-column coordinates of the target grid data, comprising: mapping is performed by the following equation: (ix) floor (x-x0)/xreso, and row floor (y-y 0)/yreso; wherein X and Y are respectively an X-axis coordinate and a Y-axis coordinate of the geographical coordinate of the intersection point; x0 is the geographic coordinate value of the X axis at the left end of the target raster data; y0 is the physical coordinate value of the Y axis at the top of the target raster data; xreso and yreso are the X and Y directional spatial resolutions, respectively; floor is a floor rounding function; col is the column coordinates of the target raster data, and row is the row coordinates of the target raster data.
Further, in the target raster data, performing raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result, including: acquiring pixel values of all pixel points between each pixel point pair; counting the maximum value, the minimum value, the accumulated value and the square accumulated value of the effective pixel values in the pixel values; counting the number value of the pixel points corresponding to the effective pixel values to obtain the effective pixel numbers; obtaining the average value of the region to be counted and the variance of the region to be counted based on the accumulated value, the square accumulated value and the number of effective pixels; and taking the maximum value, the minimum value, the average value of the area to be counted, the variance of the area to be counted and the effective pixel number as a counting result.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for fast region statistics on raster data, including: the system comprises a conversion module, a calculation module, a grouping module, a mapping module and a statistic module, wherein the conversion module is used for converting a target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; the target vector range is a closed curve surrounded by the boundary of the region to be counted, the first coordinate system is a coordinate system where the vector data of the region to be counted are located, the second coordinate system is a coordinate system where the target raster data are located, and the target raster data are raster data including the region to be counted; the calculation module is used for calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; the preset scanning lines are straight lines which are distributed between the top end coordinates and the bottom end coordinates in the second coordinate system, are parallel to the horizontal direction, and are spaced at intervals according to the resolution of the grid data in the vertical direction; the grouping module is used for grouping the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range pairwise based on the geographic coordinates to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs; the mapping module is used for mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to the row-column coordinates of the target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs; and the statistical module is used for carrying out raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair in the target raster data to obtain a statistical result.
Further, the system further comprises: and the acquisition module is used for acquiring a target vector range based on the vector data of the region to be counted.
Further, the grouping module is further configured to: and sequencing the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range according to the horizontal coordinate of the geographic coordinate, and grouping every two intersection points according to the sequencing to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the method according to the first aspect when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, where the program code causes the processor to execute the method according to the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for rapidly counting a region of raster data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: converting the target vector range from the first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; based on the geographic coordinates, grouping every two intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs; mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to row-column coordinates of target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs; and in the target raster data, performing raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result. The invention does not need to generate temporary raster files and judge whether the raster files are in the vector range one by one, greatly improves the speed of regional statistics and solves the technical problem that large raster data cannot be processed in the prior art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fast region statistics method for raster data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a vector range provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scan line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between a point pair and a pixel point pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method for determining a statistical range of grid data using pixel point pairs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a fast region statistics system for raster data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another raster data fast region statistics system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for fast region statistics of raster data according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step S102, converting the target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; the target vector range is a closed curve formed by surrounding the boundary of the region to be counted, the first coordinate system is a coordinate system where the vector data of the region to be counted are located, the second coordinate system is a coordinate system where the target raster data are located, and the target raster data are raster data including the region to be counted.
The first coordinate system of the vector data is used to describe the meaning of each point x and y in the map, for example, in WGS84, x is 120.0, and y is 31.0, which means longitude 120 and latitude 31. The second coordinate system in which the grid data is located is used to represent the spatial location of each pixel in the map.
Alternatively, the first coordinate system and the second coordinate system may be the same coordinate system or different coordinate systems. For example, the first coordinate system of the vector data is the WGS84 geographical coordinate system, and the second coordinate system of the grid data is the Sinu projection coordinate system.
Step S104, calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; the preset scanning lines are a plurality of straight lines which are distributed between the top end coordinates and the bottom end coordinates, are parallel to the horizontal direction and are spaced by the resolution of the grid data in the vertical direction in the second coordinate system.
Optionally, the vertical direction of the second coordinate system is a Y-axis direction, and the horizontal direction is an X-axis direction.
And step S106, grouping every two intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range based on the geographic coordinates to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs.
And step S108, mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to the row-column coordinates of the target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs.
Step S110, in the target raster data, carrying out raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result.
The embodiment of the invention provides a rapid regional statistical method for grid data, which comprises the steps of converting a target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; based on the geographic coordinates, grouping every two intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs; mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to row-column coordinates of target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs; and in the target raster data, performing raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result. The invention does not need to generate temporary raster files and judge whether the raster files are in the vector range one by one, greatly improves the speed of regional statistics and solves the technical problem that large raster data cannot be processed in the prior art.
Optionally, before step S102, the method further comprises: and acquiring a target vector range based on the vector data of the region to be counted.
The target vector range is a closed curve composed of points (1, 2.., N) arranged in a certain order (clockwise or counterclockwise order). For example, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vector range according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, before step S104, the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and sequentially generating a plurality of horizontal parallel scanning lines from the top coordinate to the bottom coordinate by taking the resolution of the coordinate system in which the target grid data is positioned in the Y-axis direction as an interval. For example, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scan line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, in step S106, the intersections of each scanning line and the target vector range are sorted according to the horizontal coordinate of the geographic coordinate, and then grouped in pairs according to the sorting to obtain a plurality of intersection pairs. For example, the intersection of each scan line is sorted by x coordinate Pt1 (x)1,y1)，Pt2(x2,y2)，Pt3(x3,y3)，Pt4(x4,y4)，...，PtN(xn,yn) And forming pairs of dots in sequence, as shown in fig. 4:
{Pt1(x1,y1)，Pt2(x2,y2)}；{Pt3(x3,y3)，Pt4(x4,y4)}；...；{PtN-1(xn-1,yn-1)，PtN(xn,yn)}。
optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the geographic coordinates of each intersection pair are mapped to the row-column coordinates of the target grid data by the following equation: (ix) floor (x-x0)/xreso, and row floor (y-y 0)/yreso; wherein X and Y are respectively an X-axis coordinate and a Y-axis coordinate of the geographical coordinate of the intersection point; x0 is the geographic coordinate value of the X axis at the left end of the target raster data; y0 is the physical coordinate value of the Y axis at the top of the target grid data; xreso and yreso are the X and Y directional spatial resolutions, respectively; floor is a floor rounding function; col is the column coordinates of the target raster data, and row is the row coordinates of the target raster data.
Optionally, step S110 further includes the steps of:
step 1101, acquiring pixel values of all pixel points between each pixel point pair; alternatively, the pixel values may be read directly from the target grid data center.
In step S1102, the maximum value, the minimum value, the accumulated value, and the square accumulated value of the effective pixel values in the pixel values are counted.
Optionally, values of some pixels in the target raster data are invalid values or filled values, wherein the invalid values or filled values are preset by a user, and therefore, pixel values not equal to the preset invalid values or filled values are valid pixel values.
Step S1103, counting the number of pixels corresponding to the effective pixel value to obtain the effective pixel number.
And step S1104, obtaining an average value of the region to be counted and a variance of the region to be counted based on the accumulated value, the square accumulated value and the number of effective pixels.
Step S1105, the maximum value, the minimum value, the average value of the region to be counted, the variance of the region to be counted and the effective pixel number are taken as the counting result.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for determining a statistical range of grid data by using a pixel point pair according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining the pixel values of all the pixel points between each pixel point pair and then counting the pixel values of the pixel points between the pixel point pairs, compared with the prior art, the following technical effects can be achieved:
1. vector clipping is not needed to be carried out on the raster data to generate a temporary file, so that the operation and storage of generating the temporary file are avoided;
2. generating a mask file without rasterizing the vector data;
3. and judging calculation of points in the polygon is not required to be carried out on each pixel, so that the calculation time is greatly shortened.
Example two:
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fast region statistics system for raster data according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the system includes: a conversion module 10, a calculation module 20, a grouping module 30, a mapping module 40 and a statistics module 50.
Specifically, the conversion module 10 is configured to convert the target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and obtain a top coordinate and a bottom coordinate of the target vector range in a vertical direction of the second coordinate system; the target vector range is a closed curve formed by surrounding the boundary of the region to be counted, the first coordinate system is a coordinate system where the vector data of the region to be counted are located, the second coordinate system is a coordinate system where the target raster data are located, and the target raster data are raster data including the region to be counted.
The calculation module 20 is configured to calculate geographic coordinates of intersections of the plurality of preset scanning lines and the target vector range; the preset scanning lines are a plurality of straight lines which are distributed between the top end coordinates and the bottom end coordinates, are parallel to the horizontal direction and are spaced by the resolution of the grid data in the vertical direction in the second coordinate system.
And the grouping module 30 is configured to group the intersections of each scan line and the target vector range two by two based on the geographic coordinates to obtain a plurality of intersection pairs.
And the mapping module 40 is configured to map the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to the row-column coordinates of the target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs.
And the statistical module 50 is configured to perform raster data region statistics on the region to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair in the target raster data to obtain a statistical result.
The embodiment of the invention provides a rapid region statistical system for raster data, which is used for performing statistics on the raster data of a region to be counted without generating a temporary raster file or judging whether the raster data is in a vector range one by one pixel, so that the region statistical speed is greatly increased, and the technical problem that large raster data cannot be processed in the prior art is solved.
Optionally, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another raster data fast region statistics system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the system further includes: an obtaining module 60, configured to obtain a target vector range based on the vector data of the region to be counted.
Optionally, the grouping module 30 is further configured to:
and sequencing the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range according to the horizontal coordinate of the geographic coordinate, and grouping every two intersection points according to the sequencing to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs.
Optionally, the statistical module 50 is further configured to:
acquiring pixel values of all pixel points between each pixel point pair; alternatively, the pixel values may be read directly from the target grid data center; counting the maximum value, the minimum value, the accumulated value and the square accumulated value of the effective pixel values in the pixel values; optionally, values of some pixels in the target raster data are invalid values or filled values, wherein the invalid values or filled values are preset by a user, and therefore, pixel values which are not equal to the preset invalid values or filled values are valid pixel values; counting the number value of the pixel points corresponding to the effective pixel values to obtain the effective pixel numbers; obtaining the average value of the region to be counted and the variance of the region to be counted based on the accumulated value, the square accumulated value and the number of effective pixels; and taking the maximum value, the minimum value, the average value of the area to be counted, the variance of the area to be counted and the effective pixel number as a counting result.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method in the first embodiment are implemented.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable medium with a non-volatile program code executable by a processor, wherein the program code causes the processor to execute the method in the first embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for fast regional statistics of raster data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
converting a target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system, and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; the target vector range is a closed curve surrounded by the boundary of the region to be counted, the first coordinate system is a coordinate system where the vector data of the region to be counted are located, the second coordinate system is a coordinate system where the target raster data are located, and the target raster data are raster data including the region to be counted;
calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; the preset scanning lines are straight lines which are distributed between the top end coordinates and the bottom end coordinates in the second coordinate system, are parallel to the horizontal direction, and are spaced at intervals according to the resolution of the grid data in the vertical direction;
based on the geographic coordinates, grouping every two intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs;
mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to row-column coordinates of the target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs;
and in the target raster data, performing raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to converting the target vector range from the first coordinate system to the second coordinate system, the method further comprises:
and acquiring a target vector range based on the vector data of the region to be counted.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein grouping each scan line into two intersections with the target vector range based on the geographic coordinates, resulting in a plurality of intersection pairs, comprises:
and sequencing the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range according to the horizontal coordinate of the geographic coordinate, and grouping every two intersection points according to the sequencing to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection pair to row-column coordinates of the target grid data comprises:
mapping is performed by the following equation: (ix) floor (x-x0)/xreso, and row floor (y-y 0)/yreso; wherein X and Y are respectively an X-axis coordinate and a Y-axis coordinate of the geographical coordinate of the intersection point; x0 is the geographic coordinate value of the X axis at the left end of the target raster data; y0 is the top Y-axis physical coordinate value of the target raster data; xreso and yreso are the X and Y directional spatial resolutions, respectively; floor is a floor rounding function; col is the column coordinates of the target raster data, and row is the row coordinates of the target raster data.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the target raster data, performing raster data region statistics on the region to be counted based on pixel points between each pixel point pair to obtain a statistical result, and the method comprises:
acquiring pixel values of all pixel points between each pixel point pair;
counting the maximum value, the minimum value, the accumulated value and the square accumulated value of the effective pixel values in the pixel values;
counting the number value of the pixel points corresponding to the effective pixel values to obtain the effective pixel numbers;
obtaining the average value of the region to be counted and the variance of the region to be counted based on the accumulated value, the square accumulated value and the number of effective pixels;
and taking the maximum value, the minimum value, the average value of the area to be counted, the variance of the area to be counted and the effective pixel number as a counting result.
6. A raster data fast zone statistics system, comprising: a conversion module, a calculation module, a grouping module, a mapping module and a statistic module, wherein,
the conversion module is used for converting a target vector range from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system and acquiring a top end coordinate and a bottom end coordinate of the target vector range in the vertical direction of the second coordinate system; the target vector range is a closed curve surrounded by the boundary of the region to be counted, the first coordinate system is a coordinate system where the vector data of the region to be counted are located, the second coordinate system is a coordinate system where the target raster data are located, and the target raster data are raster data including the region to be counted;
the calculation module is used for calculating the geographic coordinates of the intersection points of the preset scanning lines and the target vector range; the preset scanning lines are straight lines which are distributed between the top end coordinates and the bottom end coordinates in the second coordinate system, are parallel to the horizontal direction, and are spaced at intervals according to the resolution of the grid data in the vertical direction;
the grouping module is used for grouping the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range pairwise based on the geographic coordinates to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs;
the mapping module is used for mapping the geographic coordinates of each intersection point pair to the row-column coordinates of the target raster data to obtain a plurality of pixel point pairs;
and the statistical module is used for carrying out raster data area statistics on the area to be counted based on the pixel points between each pixel point pair in the target raster data to obtain a statistical result.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising: and the acquisition module is used for acquiring a target vector range based on the vector data of the region to be counted.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the grouping module is further configured to:
and sequencing the intersection points of each scanning line and the target vector range according to the horizontal coordinate of the geographic coordinate, and grouping every two intersection points according to the sequencing to obtain a plurality of intersection point pairs.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the steps of the method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 5 are implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.
10. A computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, wherein the program code causes the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-5.
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