CN111721804A - Measuring device and method for measuring slag discharge amount of slag cooler of circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

Measuring device and method for measuring slag discharge amount of slag cooler of circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111721804A
CN111721804A CN202010652399.7A CN202010652399A CN111721804A CN 111721804 A CN111721804 A CN 111721804A CN 202010652399 A CN202010652399 A CN 202010652399A CN 111721804 A CN111721804 A CN 111721804A
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China
Prior art keywords
slag
cooling water
measuring
data acquisition
cooler
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Inventor
王祝成
韩国庆
梁昊
曹寿峰
徐凯
孟桂祥
姚胜
王晖
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Suzhou Xire Energy Saving Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Xire Energy Saving Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass

Abstract

The invention provides a measuring device for measuring the slag discharge amount of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a measuring system and a data acquisition system, wherein the measuring system comprises a pressure transmitter, a thermocouple, a differential pressure flowmeter and an infrared thermometer, and the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition board, a data acquisition instrument and a computer. The invention also provides a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises the following steps: s1, data acquisition: collecting various temperature data, pressure data and cooling water flow data; s2, data processing: obtaining the heat dissipation loss of the slag cooler, the enthalpy value of a cooling water inlet, the enthalpy value of a cooling water outlet, the enthalpy value of a slag inlet and the enthalpy value of a slag outlet according to the acquired data; s3, calculating the result: and calculating according to a formula to obtain the slag discharge amount. The method has the advantages of simple measurement and calculation, less input variables, higher accuracy of calculation results, convenience for technical personnel to use and capability of providing reliable basis for calculating the proportion of the fly ash and the slag.

Description

Measuring device and method for measuring slag discharge amount of slag cooler of circulating fluidized bed boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of circulating fluidized bed units, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
By the end of 2019, the installed capacity of the national power generation is about 20.0 hundred million kilowatts, wherein the installed capacity of the circulating fluidized bed unit is about 9000 ten thousand kilowatts. The boilers matched with the circulating fluidized bed unit are mainly produced by eastern boiler plants, Harbin boiler plants and Shanghai boiler plants. The water-cooled roller slag cooler becomes important bottom slag treatment equipment of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the cooling water mostly adopts steam turbine condensed water, the cooling water returns to a condensed water system after absorbing bottom slag heat in the slag cooler, the bottom slag heat of the boiler is recovered, and the thermal circulation heat efficiency of a power plant is improved.
In the efficiency calculation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the proportion of fly ash and slag needs to be known, because the boiler slag discharge amount is large (about several tons to dozens of tons per hour), weighing and metering conditions are not provided on site, and the proportion of the fly ash and the slag is usually selected as a design value. Considering that the unburned carbon content in the fly ash and the slag is different, the proportion of the fly ash and the slag directly influences the calculation of the unburned carbon loss, thereby influencing the boiler efficiency. The prior art does not relate to a device and a method for measuring the slag discharge amount; for the measurement of the slag discharge of the industrial boiler, a collection and reweighing method can be adopted; however, for a large-scale power station boiler, due to the large slag discharge amount, the quantity of slag is from several tons to several tens of tons per hour, the workload is too large by adopting a weighing and metering mode, and the sanitation of the field environment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a measuring device and a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler; the measuring device can easily obtain each measured parameter, and the measured parameter is used for obtaining the slag discharge amount through heat balance calculation; the method has the advantages of simple measurement and calculation, less input variables, higher accuracy of calculation results, convenience for technical personnel to use and capability of providing reliable basis for calculating the proportion of the fly ash and the slag.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a measuring device for measuring the slag discharge amount of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler is disclosed, wherein the slag cooler is provided with a cooling water inlet pipeline, a cooling water outlet pipeline, a slag inlet pipeline and a slag outlet pipeline, the measuring device comprises a measuring system and a data acquisition system, the measuring system comprises a pressure transmitter, a thermocouple, a differential pressure flowmeter and an infrared thermometer, and the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition board, a data acquisition instrument and a computer; the cooling water inlet pipeline is connected with a first pressure transmitter, a differential pressure flowmeter and a first thermocouple; a second pressure transmitter and a second thermocouple are connected to the cooling water outlet pipeline; a third thermocouple is connected to the slag inlet pipeline; a fourth galvanic couple is connected to the slag outlet pipeline; the infrared thermometer is used for measuring the outer surface temperature and the environment temperature of the slag cooler; the first pressure transmitter, the second pressure transmitter, the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple, the fourth thermocouple, the differential pressure flowmeter and the infrared thermometer are all connected with the data acquisition board, the data acquisition board is connected with the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the computer.
Furthermore, the first pressure transmitter, the second pressure transmitter and the differential pressure flowmeter are all industrial standard components.
Further, the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple and the fourth thermocouple are respectively E-type thermocouples or K-type thermocouples.
Further, the model of the data acquisition board is IMP 35951C.
Furthermore, the number of the data acquisition boards is two, and the two data acquisition boards are connected through a communication cable.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises the following steps:
s1, data acquisition: collecting the inlet slag temperature, the outlet slag temperature, the inlet cooling water flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature, the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the outer surface temperature of the slag cooler and the environment temperature of the slag cooler;
s2, data processing: calculating the heat dissipation loss of the slag cooler according to the temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the ambient temperature collected in the step S1; finding out the enthalpy value of the cooling water inlet and the enthalpy value of the cooling water outlet through an enthalpy-entropy diagram according to the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the cooling water inlet temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature which are acquired in the step S1; obtaining a slag inlet enthalpy value and a slag outlet enthalpy value by combining an average specific heat capacity curve according to the inlet slag temperature and the outlet slag temperature of the slag cooler collected in the step S1;
s3, calculating the result: calculating the slag discharge amount of the slag cooler according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002575467520000031
in the formula:
WLZthe slag discharge amount of the slag cooler is kg/h;
WLQ-inlet cooling water flow, kg/h;
h′LQ-cooling water inlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h″LQ-cooling water outlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h′LZ-slag inlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h″LZ-slag outlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
QLSECheat loss from the slag cooler, W.
Further, the inlet cooling water flow rate is obtained from a differential pressure flow meter.
Further, the calculation formula of the differential pressure flowmeter is as follows (1):
Figure BDA0002575467520000032
in the formula:
WLQ-cooling water mass, kg/h;
c, outflow coefficient and design parameters of a differential pressure flowmeter;
beta-diameter ratio, differential pressure flowmeter design parameters;
-coefficient of water expansion;
d-the bore diameter of the differential pressure flowmeter;
Δ P — differential pressure of the differential pressure flowmeter;
ρ1fluid density upstream of differential pressure flowmeter, kg/m3。
Further, the slag cooler heat dissipation loss is obtained by equations (2) to (5):
Tdi＝TMAf-TMA(2)
Hca＝0.2×(TMAf-TMA)0.33(3)
Figure BDA0002575467520000041
QLSRC＝0.293×Af(Hca+Hra)×(TMAf-TMA) (5)
in the formula:
QLLRC-heat loss of the slag cooler, W;
Afexternal surface area of slag cooler ft2；
Hca-convective heat transfer coefficient of slag cooler area, btu/(ft)2·h·°F)；
Hra-area radiant heat transfer coefficient of slag cooler, btu/(ft)2·h·°F)；
TMAf-the average temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler, ° F;
TMA-ambient average temperature, F, outside the slag cooler.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can easily obtain each measured parameter by using the measuring device, and the measuring method of the invention can obtain the slag discharge amount by using the measured parameter through heat balance calculation; the method has the advantages of simple measurement and calculation of each parameter and the slag discharge amount, less input variables in the measurement and calculation processes, higher accuracy of the calculation result, convenience for technical personnel to use, and further provides a reliable basis for calculating the proportion of the fly ash and the slag.
The measurement and calculation process and the boiler efficiency test can be carried out synchronously, data can be continuously acquired, and the acquisition time interval can be set.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device for measuring the slag discharge of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a measuring device for measuring the slag discharge amount of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, wherein the slag cooler 1 is provided with a cooling water inlet pipeline 101, a cooling water outlet pipeline 102, a slag inlet pipeline 103 and a slag outlet pipeline 104, the measuring device comprises a measuring system and a data acquisition system, the measuring system comprises two pressure transmitters, four thermocouples, a differential pressure flowmeter and an infrared thermometer, and the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition board, a data acquisition instrument and a computer; the cooling water inlet pipeline 101 is connected with a first pressure transmitter 2, a differential pressure flowmeter 8 and a first thermocouple 4; the cooling water outlet pipeline 102 is connected with a second pressure transmitter 3 and a second thermocouple 5; the slag inlet pipeline 103 is connected with a third thermocouple 6; the slag outlet pipeline 104 is connected with a fourth galvanic couple 7; the infrared thermometer (not shown in the figure) is used for measuring the temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the ambient temperature; the first pressure transmitter 2, the second pressure transmitter 3, the first thermocouple 4, the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6, the fourth thermocouple 7, the differential pressure flowmeter 8 and the infrared thermometer are all connected with the data acquisition board 9, the data acquisition board 9 is connected with the data acquisition instrument 10, and the data acquisition instrument 10 is connected with the computer 11.
The first pressure transmitter 2, the second pressure transmitter 3 and the differential pressure flowmeter 8 are all industrial standard parts.
The first thermocouple 4, the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6 and the fourth thermocouple 7 are E type thermocouples or K type thermocouples respectively.
The data acquisition board 9 therein is of the type IMP 35951C.
In the measuring device, the number of the data acquisition boards 9 is two, the two data acquisition boards 9 are connected through a communication cable, and the data acquisition boards 9 are connected with a data acquisition instrument 10 through the communication cable.
The method for measuring the slag discharge quantity of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler by using the measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1, data acquisition: measuring the inlet temperature of cooling water by using a first thermocouple, measuring the outlet temperature of the cooling water by using a second thermocouple, measuring the inlet slag temperature by using a third thermocouple, measuring the outlet slag temperature by using a fourth thermocouple, obtaining the inlet cooling water flow by using a differential pressure flowmeter, measuring the inlet pressure of the cooling water by using a first pressure transmitter, measuring the outlet pressure of the cooling water by using a second pressure transmitter, and measuring the outer surface temperature and the ambient temperature of a slag cooler by using an infrared thermometer;
the data acquisition board and the data acquisition instrument are matched to acquire the measured data of the inlet slag temperature, the outlet slag temperature, the inlet cooling water flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature, the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the outer surface temperature of the slag cooler and the environment temperature of the slag cooler and send the measured data to the computer;
s2, data processing: obtaining the average temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the average temperature of the environment outside the slag cooler according to the temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the environment temperature collected in the step S1, and then calculating the heat dissipation loss of the slag cooler by using a calculation formula; finding out the enthalpy value of the cooling water inlet and the enthalpy value of the cooling water outlet through an enthalpy-entropy diagram according to the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the cooling water inlet temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature which are acquired in the step S1; obtaining a slag inlet enthalpy value and a slag outlet enthalpy value by combining an average specific heat capacity curve according to the inlet slag temperature and the outlet slag temperature of the slag cooler collected in the step S1;
s3, calculating the result: calculating the slag discharge amount of the slag cooler according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002575467520000061
in the formula:
WLZthe slag discharge amount of the slag cooler is kg/h;
WLQ-inlet cooling water flow, kg/h;
h′LQ-cooling water inlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h″LQ-cooling water outlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h′LZ-slag inlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h″LZ-slag outlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
QLSRCheat loss from the slag cooler, W.
Wherein the inlet cooling water flow is obtained according to a differential pressure flowmeter; the equation for the differential pressure flow meter may be provided by the meter manufacturer.
The calculation formula of the differential pressure flowmeter is as follows (1):
Figure BDA0002575467520000071
in the formula:
WLQ-cooling water mass, kg/h;
c, outflow coefficient and design parameters of a differential pressure flowmeter;
beta-diameter ratio, differential pressure flowmeter design parameters;
-coefficient of water expansion;
d-the bore diameter of the differential pressure flowmeter;
Δ P — differential pressure of the differential pressure flowmeter;
ρ1fluid density upstream of differential pressure flowmeter, kg/m3。
Wherein the heat dissipation loss of the slag cooler is obtained by the following formulas (2) to (5):
Tdi＝TMAf-TMA(2)
Hca＝0.2×(TMAf-TMA)0.33(3)
Figure BDA0002575467520000072
QLSRC＝0.293×Af(Hca+Hra)×(TMAf-TMA) (5)
in the formula:
QLSRC-heat loss of the slag cooler, W;
Afexternal surface area of slag cooler ft2；
Hca-convective heat transfer coefficient of slag cooler area, btu/(ft)2·h·°F)；
Hra-area radiant heat transfer coefficient of slag cooler, btu/(ft)2·h·°F)；
TMAf-the average temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler, ° F;
TMA-ambient average temperature, F, outside the slag cooler.
When the heat loss of the slag cooler is calculated, the average temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler is an average value obtained by calculation according to the temperatures of a plurality of different positions of the outer surface of the slag cooler; the average temperature of the environment outside the slag cooler is an average value obtained by calculation according to the temperatures of different position points of the environment outside the slag cooler.
Examples
Taking a certain circulating fluidized bed unit power plant as an example, a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of a roller slag cooler is introduced.
S1, data acquisition: collecting the inlet slag temperature, the outlet slag temperature, the inlet cooling water flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature, the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the outer surface temperature of the slag cooler and the environment temperature of the slag cooler;
s2, data processing: obtaining the average temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the average temperature of the environment outside the slag cooler according to the temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the environment temperature collected in the step S1, and then calculating the heat dissipation loss of the slag cooler by using a calculation formula; finding out the enthalpy value of the cooling water inlet and the enthalpy value of the cooling water outlet through an enthalpy-entropy diagram according to the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the cooling water inlet temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature which are acquired in the step S1; obtaining a slag inlet enthalpy value and a slag outlet enthalpy value by combining an average specific heat capacity curve according to the inlet slag temperature and the outlet slag temperature of the slag cooler collected in the step S1;
specific measurement data are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 data and the result of the slag discharge test of the roller slag cooler
Figure BDA0002575467520000081
Figure BDA0002575467520000091
Utilize each measured data, carry out the heat balance calculation through the computational formula, obtain the slag cooler volume of arranging, provide scientific foundation for confirming the lime-ash proportion in the boiler efficiency calculation, to this embodiment, finally calculate through unit ash balance, with the fly ash: the proportion of the slag is determined from the original design value of 6: 4, adjusting to 4: 6, affecting boiler efficiency by 0.56 percentage points. From the embodiment, when the ash slag combustible measured values are very different (the fly ash combustible is 4.92%, and the slag combustible is 0.78%), the selection of the ash slag proportion directly affects the calculation of the boiler efficiency, and the ash slag proportion objectively needs to be accurately calculated through a scientific method, rather than directly selecting the original design value.
The slag discharge amount measuring and calculating method of the slag cooler is simple and practical, has high accuracy and provides beneficial reference for the engineering technicians.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A measuring device for measuring the slag discharge amount of a slag cooler of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, wherein the slag cooler is provided with a cooling water inlet pipeline, a cooling water outlet pipeline, a slag inlet pipeline and a slag outlet pipeline, and is characterized by comprising a measuring system and a data acquisition system, wherein the measuring system comprises a pressure transmitter, a thermocouple, a differential pressure flowmeter and an infrared thermometer, and the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition board, a data acquisition instrument and a computer; the cooling water inlet pipeline is connected with a first pressure transmitter, a differential pressure flowmeter and a first thermocouple; a second pressure transmitter and a second thermocouple are connected to the cooling water outlet pipeline; a third thermocouple is connected to the slag inlet pipeline; a fourth galvanic couple is connected to the slag outlet pipeline; the infrared thermometer is used for measuring the outer surface temperature and the environment temperature of the slag cooler; the first pressure transmitter, the second pressure transmitter, the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple, the fourth thermocouple, the differential pressure flowmeter and the infrared thermometer are all connected with the data acquisition board, the data acquisition board is connected with the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the computer.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first pressure transmitter, the second pressure transmitter, and the differential pressure flowmeter are all industry standard components.
3. The measuring device for measuring the slag discharge of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple and the fourth thermocouple are respectively an E-type thermocouple or a K-type thermocouple.
4. The measuring device for measuring the slag discharge quantity of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the claim 1, wherein the model of the data acquisition board is IMP 35951C.
5. The device for measuring the slag discharge quantity of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein the number of the data acquisition boards is two, and the two data acquisition boards are connected through a communication cable.
6. A method for measuring the slag discharge of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, data acquisition: collecting the inlet slag temperature, the outlet slag temperature, the inlet cooling water flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature, the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the outer surface temperature of the slag cooler and the environment temperature of the slag cooler;
s2, data processing: calculating the heat dissipation loss of the slag cooler according to the temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler and the ambient temperature collected in the step S1; finding out the enthalpy value of the cooling water inlet and the enthalpy value of the cooling water outlet through an enthalpy-entropy diagram according to the cooling water inlet pressure, the cooling water outlet pressure, the cooling water inlet temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature which are acquired in the step S1; obtaining a slag inlet enthalpy value and a slag outlet enthalpy value by combining an average specific heat capacity curve according to the inlet slag temperature and the outlet slag temperature of the slag cooler collected in the step S1;
s3, calculating the result: calculating the slag discharge amount of the slag cooler according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002575467510000021
in the formula:
WLZthe slag discharge amount of the slag cooler is kg/h;
WLQ-inlet cooling water flow, kg/h;
h′LQ-cooling water inlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h″LQ-cooling water outlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h′LZ-slag inlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
h″LZ-slag outlet enthalpy, kJ/kg;
QLSRCslag cooler powderHeat loss, W.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the inlet cooling water flow rate is obtained from a differential pressure flow meter.
8. The method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the differential pressure flowmeter is as follows (1):
Figure FDA0002575467510000031
in the formula:
c, outflow coefficient and design parameters of a differential pressure flowmeter;
beta-diameter ratio, differential pressure flowmeter design parameters;
-coefficient of water expansion;
d-the bore diameter of the differential pressure flowmeter;
Δ P — differential pressure of the differential pressure flowmeter;
ρ1fluid density upstream of differential pressure flowmeter, kg/m3。
9. The method for measuring the slag discharge of the slag cooler of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the claim 6, wherein the heat loss of the slag cooler is obtained by the following equations (2) to (5):
Tdi＝TMAf-TMA(2)
Hca＝0.2×(TMAf-TMA)0.33(3)
Figure FDA0002575467510000032
QLSRC＝0.293×Af(Hca+Hra)×(TMAf-TMA) (5)
in the formula:
QLSRC-heat loss of the slag cooler, W;
Afexternal surface area of slag cooler ft2；
Hca-convective heat transfer coefficient of slag cooler area, btu/(ft)2·h·°F)；
Hra-area radiant heat transfer coefficient of slag cooler, btu/(ft)2·h·°F)；
TMAf-the average temperature of the outer surface of the slag cooler, ° F;
TMA-ambient average temperature, F, outside the slag cooler.
CN202010652399.7A 2020-07-08 2020-07-08 Measuring device and method for measuring slag discharge amount of slag cooler of circulating fluidized bed boiler Pending CN111721804A (en)

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