CN111721029B - Direct-heating type second-class heat pump - Google Patents
Direct-heating type second-class heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN111721029B CN111721029B CN202010553086.6A CN202010553086A CN111721029B CN 111721029 B CN111721029 B CN 111721029B CN 202010553086 A CN202010553086 A CN 202010553086A CN 111721029 B CN111721029 B CN 111721029B
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- flash evaporation
- sewage
- water
- lithium bromide
- bromide solution
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
A direct-heating type second-class heat pump belongs to the technical field of industrial waste heat recovery. The invention solves the problem that the existing two-class absorption heat pump cannot utilize the industrial sewage which is easy to scale and has high corrosiveness as a waste heat source. The evaporator is vacuumized with the inside of the generator through a flash evaporation vacuum pump, a first sewage water inlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of a first flash evaporation chamber in a communicating manner, a second sewage water inlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of a second flash evaporation chamber in a communicating manner, sewage water is subjected to flash evaporation in two flash evaporation chambers, the steam after flash evaporation moves upwards and exchanges heat with the refrigerant water in a refrigerant water cavity and the dilute lithium bromide solution in a lithium bromide solution cavity correspondingly, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water cavity exchanges heat and then is subjected to falling film evaporation, the evaporated steam enters the absorber, the refrigerant water in the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated and evaporated, and the evaporated steam enters the condenser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a direct-heating type second-class heat pump, and belongs to the technical field of industrial waste heat recovery.
Background
The second lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit is equipment for recovering and utilizing the heat energy of low temperature heat source, such as waste hot water, to prepare required process or heating high temperature heat medium, and to realize heat energy transmission from low temperature to high temperature. It does not require a higher temperature heat source to drive but requires a lower temperature cooling water. The method takes a low-temperature heat source (waste hot water) as a driving heat source, and prepares a heating medium (hot water) with a temperature higher than that of the low-temperature heat source under the condition of adopting low-temperature cooling water.
The low-temperature heat source used by the existing second-class heat pump can only be cleaner waste hot water which is difficult to scale on the wall surface of a heat exchange tube and is difficult to corrode a heat exchange surface, and waste water with high content of soluble solids and high corrosiveness cannot directly enter the second-class heat pump unit to recover waste heat.
In the production process of industries such as metallurgy, coal chemical industry, salt chemical industry and the like, most of process circulating cooling water or process wastewater is corrosive, easy to deposit and scale, and a large amount of industrial waste heat is wasted due to the fact that the waste water cannot be subjected to waste heat recovery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing two-type absorption heat pump cannot utilize industrial sewage which is easy to scale and has high corrosiveness as a waste heat source, and further provides a direct-heating type two-type heat pump.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the directly-heated type second-class heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser,
The evaporator comprises a refrigerant water cavity positioned at the upper part and a first flash evaporation chamber positioned below the refrigerant water cavity, and the refrigerant water enters the refrigerant water cavity through a pipeline;
The generator comprises a lithium bromide solution cavity positioned at the upper part and a second flash chamber positioned below the lithium bromide solution cavity, wherein the upper part of the lithium bromide solution cavity is communicated with the lower part of the absorber through a dilute lithium bromide solution pipe, the lower part of the lithium bromide solution cavity is communicated with the upper part of the absorber through a concentrated lithium bromide solution pipe,
The evaporator is vacuumized with the inside of the generator through a flash evaporation vacuum pump, a first sewage water inlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of a first flash evaporation chamber in a communicating manner, a second sewage water inlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of a second flash evaporation chamber in a communicating manner, sewage water is subjected to flash evaporation in two flash evaporation chambers, the steam after flash evaporation moves upwards and exchanges heat with the refrigerant water in a refrigerant water cavity and the dilute lithium bromide solution in a lithium bromide solution cavity correspondingly, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water cavity exchanges heat and then is subjected to falling film evaporation, the evaporated steam enters the absorber, the refrigerant water in the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated and evaporated, and the evaporated steam enters the condenser.
Further, a plurality of first heat exchange tubes are arranged in the refrigerant water cavity, two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes are respectively communicated with the outer space of the refrigerant water cavity, steam subjected to flash evaporation in the first flash evaporation chamber enters the first heat exchange tubes through one ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes and exchanges heat with refrigerant water outside the first heat exchange tubes, and after the steam in the first heat exchange tubes exchanges heat and condenses into water, the water is discharged through the other ends of the first heat exchange tubes.
Further, a plurality of second heat exchange tubes are arranged in the lithium bromide solution cavity, two ends of the second heat exchange tubes are respectively communicated with the outer space of the lithium bromide solution cavity, steam subjected to flash evaporation in the second flash evaporation chamber enters the second heat exchange tubes through one ends of the second heat exchange tubes and exchanges heat with dilute lithium bromide solution outside the second heat exchange tubes, and after the steam in the second heat exchange tubes is condensed into water, the water is discharged through the other ends of the second heat exchange tubes.
Further, demisters are respectively arranged between the refrigerant water cavity and the first flash chamber and between the lithium bromide solution cavity and the second flash chamber.
Further, a first condensate water tank is arranged on the outer side of the refrigerant water cavity, the first condensate water tank is communicated with the other ends of the first heat exchange tubes, a second condensate water tank is arranged on the outer side of the lithium bromide solution cavity, and the second condensate water tank is communicated with the other ends of the second heat exchange tubes.
Further, the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is arranged horizontally or vertically.
Further, when the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipe is vertically arranged, the number of the refrigerant water cavities is two, the refrigerant water cavities are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipe, and steam subjected to flash evaporation in the first flash evaporation chamber enters the refrigerant water cavities through two opposite sides of the two refrigerant water cavities for heat exchange.
Further, a coolant water sprayer is arranged at the upper part of the coolant water cavity, a first coolant water pool is arranged at the lower part of the coolant water cavity, and the first coolant water pool is communicated with the coolant water sprayer through a pipeline; the lower part of the condenser is provided with a second coolant pool, and the second coolant pool is communicated with the coolant water sprayer through a pipeline.
Further, the sewage and wastewater enters the first flash chamber through the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe for primary flash evaporation, the sewage and wastewater after primary flash evaporation enters the second flash chamber through the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe for secondary flash evaporation, and the sewage and wastewater after secondary flash evaporation is discharged out of the generator through the sewage and wastewater water outlet pipe.
Further, the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is positioned in the second flash chamber.
Further, the number of the lithium bromide solution cavities is two, the two lithium bromide solution cavities are oppositely arranged at two sides of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe, and steam subjected to flash evaporation in the second flash evaporation chamber enters the lithium bromide solution cavities through one side opposite to the two lithium bromide solution cavities for heat exchange.
Further, the sewage and wastewater respectively enter the first flash evaporation chamber and the second flash evaporation chamber through the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe and the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe to be subjected to flash evaporation, the lower part of each flash evaporation chamber is respectively communicated with a sewage and wastewater return pipe, and the sewage and wastewater after flash evaporation in each flash evaporation chamber is correspondingly discharged through the communicated sewage and wastewater return pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
The second-class heat pump unit can enable the medium-temperature industrial sewage with corrosiveness, easy deposition and easy scaling to directly enter the second-class heat pump without causing problems such as corrosion, scaling, blocking and the like, thereby realizing the efficient clean recovery of the waste heat energy of the industrial sewage. The sewage and wastewater enters the evaporator and the generator to be flashed, the flashed steam directly moves upwards to participate in heat exchange, the heat loss of the flashed steam is effectively reduced, and the working efficiency of the second-class heat pump unit is greatly improved.
The second-class heat pump unit can recover clean flash condensate matched with the residual heat while recovering the residual heat, and can realize industrial sewage and wastewater concentration treatment and clean flash condensate recovery while recovering the residual heat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present application with two wastewater inlet pipes arranged in series;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main cross-section of the present application when two wastewater inlet pipes are arranged in series;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the present application with two wastewater inlet pipes arranged in series;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the present application with two wastewater inlet pipes arranged in parallel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main cross-section of the present application with two wastewater inlet pipes arranged in parallel;
Fig. 6 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the present application with two wastewater inlet pipes arranged in parallel.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 6, which is a direct-heating type two-type heat pump, comprising an evaporator (1), an absorber (2), a generator (3) and a condenser (4),
The evaporator (1) comprises a refrigerant water cavity (1-1) positioned at the upper part and a first flash chamber (1-2) positioned below the refrigerant water cavity (1-1), wherein the refrigerant water enters the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) through a pipeline;
The generator (3) comprises a lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) positioned at the upper part and a second flash chamber (3-2) positioned below the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), the upper part of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) is communicated with the lower part of the absorber (2) through a dilute lithium bromide solution pipe (5), the lower part of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) is communicated with the upper part of the absorber (2) through a concentrated lithium bromide solution pipe (6),
The evaporator (1) is vacuumized with the generator (3) through a flash evaporation vacuum pump (7), a first sewage water inlet pipe (1-3) is arranged at the upper part of a first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) in a communicating manner, a second sewage water inlet pipe (3-3) is arranged at the upper part of a second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) in a communicating manner, sewage water is subjected to flash evaporation in the two flash evaporation chambers, the steam after flash evaporation moves upwards and exchanges heat with the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water chamber (1-1) and the dilute lithium bromide solution in the lithium bromide solution chamber (3-1) correspondingly, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water chamber (1-1) exchanges heat and then is subjected to falling film evaporation, the evaporated steam enters the absorber (2), the refrigerant water in the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated and evaporated, and the evaporated steam enters the condenser (4).
The two flash chambers are kept in a negative pressure state by pumping air through a flash vacuum pump (7). The evaporator (1) and the generator (3) can be respectively communicated with the same flash vacuum pump (7) through pipelines, the mode is also a preferable vacuumizing mode, and can also be respectively communicated with one flash vacuum pump (7) through pipelines. The two sewage and wastewater inlet pipes can be arranged in the evaporator and the generator in a serial connection mode or in a parallel connection mode.
When the two-stage flash evaporation is adopted, the sewage and the wastewater are subjected to two-stage flash evaporation, wherein the first-stage flash evaporation in the evaporator is used as a waste heat source of the second-class heat pump, and the second-stage flash evaporation in the generator is used as a driving heat source of the second-class heat pump; the flash evaporation vacuum pump and the condensation water pump can be shared, and the operation energy consumption is lower.
When the sewage and wastewater treatment device is arranged in a parallel mode, sewage and wastewater respectively enter the evaporator and the generator for flash evaporation through two pipelines, and the two flash chambers are respectively communicated with the sewage and wastewater withdrawal pipe.
A first steam channel (8) is arranged between the evaporator (1) and the absorber (2), and a second steam channel (9) is arranged between the generator (3) and the condenser (4). The steam in the evaporator (1) is facilitated to enter the absorber (2) and the steam in the generator (3) is facilitated to enter the condenser (4) through the first steam channel (8) and the second steam channel (9).
The sewage and wastewater water withdrawal pipe (3-4) is communicated with a sewage and wastewater discharge pump (10) which is convenient for discharging sewage and wastewater in the flash chamber.
The first sewage water inlet pipe (1-3) and the second sewage water inlet pipe (3-3) are both straight pipes or conical pipes.
The absorber (2) and the condenser (4) of the application can adopt the structure and the connection relation in the prior art and the working principle is the same as the prior art.
The absorber (2) comprises a solution sprayer (2-1), a third heat exchange tube (2-2), a liquid inlet tube (2-3) of liquid to be heated, a liquid outlet tube (2-4) of liquid to be heated and a solution tank (2-5) positioned at the lower part of the absorber (2), wherein the liquid inlet tube (2-3) of liquid to be heated and the liquid outlet tube (2-4) of liquid to be heated are respectively externally connected with an inlet and an outlet of the third heat exchange tube;
The condenser (4) comprises a fourth heat exchange tube (4-1), a cooling water inlet tube (4-2), a cooling water outlet tube (4-3) and a second coolant pool (4-4) positioned at the lower part of the condenser (4), wherein the cooling water inlet tube (4-2) and the cooling water outlet tube (4-3) are respectively externally connected with an inlet and an outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube (4-1);
The lithium bromide heat exchanger comprises a thin lithium bromide solution pipe (5), a thin lithium bromide pump (11), a thick lithium bromide pump (12) and a solution sprayer (2-1), wherein the thin lithium bromide pump (11) and the thin lithium bromide solution pipe (5) are used for conveying thin lithium bromide solution in an absorber (2) into a lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), the thick lithium bromide pump (12) and the thick lithium bromide solution pipe (6) are used for conveying thick lithium bromide solution formed in the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) into the absorber (2), and then the concentrated lithium bromide solution is sprayed onto the surface of a third heat exchange pipe (2-2) through the solution sprayer (2-1) to exchange heat with liquid to be heated in the third heat exchange pipe (2-2).
The absorber (2) is provided with a first system vacuum pump (13) in an external communication mode, and the condenser (4) is provided with a second system vacuum pump (14) in an external communication mode.
The second-class heat pump can enable the medium-temperature industrial sewage with corrosiveness, easy deposition and easy scaling to directly enter the second-class heat pump without causing problems of corrosion, scaling, blocking and the like, thereby realizing the efficient clean recovery of the waste heat energy of the industrial sewage.
The second-class heat pump can recover clean flash condensate matched with the residual heat while recovering the residual heat, and can realize the concentration treatment of industrial sewage and wastewater and the recovery of the clean flash condensate while recovering the residual heat. )
A plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1-4) are arranged in the refrigerant water cavity (1-1), two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1-4) are respectively communicated with the external space of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1), steam subjected to flash evaporation in the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) enters the first heat exchange tubes (1-4) through one ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1-4), exchanges heat with refrigerant water outside the first heat exchange tubes (1-4), and after the steam in the first heat exchange tubes (1-4) exchanges heat and condenses into water, the water is discharged through the other ends of the first heat exchange tubes (1-4). (dirty wastewater flash evaporation steam enters a tube side, refrigerant water enters a shell side in an evaporator (1), and falling film evaporation occurs outside the tube.)
A plurality of second heat exchange tubes (3-5) are arranged in the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), two ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5) are respectively communicated with the outer space of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), steam subjected to flash evaporation in the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) enters the second heat exchange tubes (3-5) through one ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5), heat exchange is carried out on the steam outside the second heat exchange tubes (3-5), and after the steam in the second heat exchange tubes (3-5) is condensed into water, the water is discharged through the other ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5). (dirty wastewater flash evaporation steam enters the tube side, dilute lithium bromide solution enters the shell side, and heated evaporation occurs outside the tube.)
Demisters (15) are respectively arranged between the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) and the first flash chamber (1-2) and between the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) and the second flash chamber (3-2). (to remove entrained droplets within the vapor.)
The outside of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) is provided with a first condensate trough (1-5), the first condensate trough (1-5) is communicated with the other ends of the first heat exchange tubes (1-4), the outside of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) is provided with a second condensate trough (3-6), and the second condensate trough (3-6) is communicated with the other ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5). ( The flash vacuum pump (7) is communicated with the upper part of the condensed water tank. And collecting condensed water in the first heat exchange tube (1-4) and the second heat exchange tube (3-5) through a condensed water tank. The first condensate tank (1-5) may be arranged inside or outside the evaporator (1), and the second condensate tank (3-6) may be arranged inside or outside the generator (3), as long as collection of condensate water is enabled. )
The condensed water in the first condensed water tank (1-5) and the condensed water in the second condensed water tank (3-6) are both discharged through a condensed water pump (16). ( The first condensate water tank (1-5) and the second condensate water tank (3-6) can be respectively communicated with the same condensate water pump (16) through pipelines, and the mode is also a preferable mode for removing condensate water, and can also be respectively communicated with one condensate water pump (16) through pipelines. The condensed water in the two condensed water tanks is discharged by a condensed water pump (16). )
The first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) is arranged horizontally or vertically. ( The arrangement of the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) is not limited, as long as the sewage and wastewater can be sent into the first flash chamber (1-2). When the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipe (1-3) is vertically arranged, the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipe can penetrate through the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) to enter the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) and can also be positioned at one side of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) as long as the first heat exchange pipe (1-4) in the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) is not influenced by steam. )
When the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipes (1-3) are vertically arranged, the number of the refrigerant water cavities (1-1) is two, the two refrigerant water cavities are oppositely arranged at two sides of the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipes (1-3), and steam subjected to flash evaporation in the first flash evaporation chamber (1-1) enters the refrigerant water cavities (1-1) through one side opposite to the two refrigerant water cavities (1-1) for heat exchange.
The upper part of the cryogen water cavity (1-1) is provided with a cryogen water spray thrower (1-6). (by arranging the coolant water sprayers (1-6), the heat exchange effect is better.)
The lower part of the cryogen water cavity (1-1) is provided with a first cryogen water tank, and the first cryogen water tank is communicated with the cryogen water spray thrower (1-6) through a pipeline. ( The coolant water in the first coolant reservoir is supplied to the coolant water spray (1-6) through a pipe, which is a first coolant water pipe (17). A first refrigerant water pump (18) is arranged on the first refrigerant water pipe (17). )
The lower part of the condenser (4) is provided with a second coolant pool (4-4), and the second coolant pool (4-4) is communicated with the coolant water sprayer (1-6) through a pipeline. ( The coolant water in the second coolant water tank (4-4) is conveyed to the coolant water spray device (1-6) through a pipeline, and the pipeline is a second coolant water pipe (19). The second refrigerant water pipe (19) is provided with a second refrigerant water pump (20). )
The sewage and wastewater enters the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) through the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) for primary flash evaporation, the sewage and wastewater after primary flash evaporation enters the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) through the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) for secondary flash evaporation, and the sewage and wastewater after secondary flash evaporation is discharged out of the generator (3) through the sewage and wastewater water outlet pipe (3-4). ( Namely, two sewage and wastewater inlet pipes are connected in series to realize two-stage flash evaporation of sewage and wastewater. The sewage and wastewater are subjected to two-stage flash evaporation, wherein the first-stage flash evaporation in the evaporator is used as a waste heat source of the second-class heat pump, and the second-stage flash evaporation in the generator is used as a driving heat source of the second-class heat pump; the flash evaporation vacuum pump and the condensation water pump can be shared, and the operation energy consumption is lower. )
The second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is positioned in the second flash chamber (3-2). (the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) can be horizontally arranged, one end of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is positioned at the upper part of the second flash chamber (3-2), and the other end of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is communicated with the lower part of the first flash chamber (1-2) through a pipeline, so that sewage and wastewater after primary flash evaporation in the first flash chamber (1-2) smoothly enters the second flash chamber (3-2))
The number of the lithium bromide solution cavities (3-1) is two, the two lithium bromide solution cavities are oppositely arranged at two sides of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3), and steam subjected to flash evaporation in the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) enters the lithium bromide solution cavities (3-1) through one side opposite to the two lithium bromide solution cavities (3-1) for heat exchange.
The sewage and wastewater respectively enter the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) and the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) through the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) and the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) to be subjected to flash evaporation, the lower part of each flash evaporation chamber is respectively communicated with a sewage and wastewater return pipe, and the sewage and wastewater after flash evaporation in each flash evaporation chamber is discharged through the communicated sewage and wastewater return pipes. (i.e., two waste water inlet pipes are connected in parallel, and flash evaporation is performed in the evaporator 1 and the generator 3, respectively.)
Working principle:
When two sewage and wastewater water inlet pipes are arranged in series, sewage and wastewater firstly enters the evaporator (1) as a waste heat source to generate primary flash evaporation, flash evaporation steam enters the first heat exchange pipe (1-4) to exchange heat with refrigerant water sprayed outside the pipe, meanwhile, under the action of the first system vacuum pump (13), the space outside the evaporator (1) and the absorber (2) are also maintained in a vacuum state, the refrigerant water outside the pipe absorbs the heat of the flash evaporation steam in the pipe in the vacuum state, the evaporated refrigerant water steam enters the absorber (2) through the first steam channel (8), the heat is released while the concentrated lithium bromide solution is absorbed in the absorber (2), the heat is transferred to low-temperature liquid to be heated through the third heat exchange pipe (2-2), and the low-temperature liquid to be heated is heated and then is output to a heat user.
The concentrated lithium bromide solution in the absorber (2) is changed into diluted lithium bromide solution after absorbing water, and then is collected to the lower part of the absorber (2), and is sent to a shell side in a lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) in the generator (3) through a diluted lithium bromide solution pump and a diluted lithium bromide solution pipe (5).
The sewage and wastewater after primary flash evaporation in the evaporator (1) is used as a driving heat source of the second-class heat pump, enters the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) in the generator (3) through the second sewage and wastewater water inlet pipe (3-3), is flash evaporated again in the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) in vacuum, enters the second heat exchange pipe (3-5) in the generator (3) through flash evaporation steam, the refrigerant water in the dilute lithium bromide solution outside the second heat exchange pipe (3-5) is heated and evaporated, the dilute lithium bromide solution is changed into concentrated lithium bromide solution again and is collected to the bottom of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), and is conveyed to the absorber (2) through the concentrated lithium bromide solution pipe (6).
In the process of conveying the concentrated lithium bromide solution, the concentrated lithium bromide solution and the diluted lithium bromide conveyed by the generator (3) are subjected to heat exchange through a heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the concentrated lithium bromide is reduced, and the temperature of the diluted lithium bromide solution is increased, thereby being beneficial to the reaction in the absorber (2) and the generator (3).
The refrigerant steam heated and evaporated in the generator (3) enters the condenser (4) through the second steam channel (9), is cooled and condensed in the condenser (4) through the cooling circulating water in the fourth heat exchange tube (4-1), becomes the second refrigerant water pool (4-4) with the refrigerant water collected at the lower part of the condenser (4) again, and is conveyed to the outside of the first heat exchange tube (1-4) of the evaporator (1) through the second refrigerant water pump (20) to spray and falling film evaporation again.
When the two sewage and wastewater water inlet pipes are arranged in parallel, sewage and wastewater respectively enter the evaporator and the generator for flash evaporation through the two pipelines, and the two flash evaporation chambers are respectively communicated with the sewage and wastewater water outlet pipes. The working principle of other components is the same as that of the two sewage and wastewater inlet pipes which are arranged in series.
The application can realize the waste heat recovery of the flue gas after wet desulphurization on the premise of not needing an external driving heat source, and the specific application method comprises the following steps: introducing all or part of the desulfurization slurry circulated in the wet desulfurization tower into the second-class heat pump of the application, extracting the waste heat of the desulfurization slurry by the second-class heat pump of the application, reducing the temperature of the slurry after extracting the waste heat, returning the low-temperature slurry to the original spray layer of the cooling tower to spray the flue gas, raising the temperature of the slurry after absorbing the heat of the flue gas to return to the water collecting tank of the desulfurization tower, and then lifting the slurry to the second-class heat pump of the application by the circulating water pump of the desulfurization tower to extract the waste heat, thus recycling the waste heat of the flue gas continuously; the application not only can recycle the residual heat of the flue gas after desulfurization, but also can flash-evaporate the condensed water in the flue gas from the slurry through the application, thereby achieving the purpose of saving water without damaging the water balance of the original desulfurization system.
Claims (12)
1. A direct heating type second-class heat pump is characterized in that: it comprises an evaporator (1), an absorber (2), a generator (3) and a condenser (4),
The evaporator (1) comprises a refrigerant water cavity (1-1) positioned at the upper part and a first flash chamber (1-2) positioned below the refrigerant water cavity (1-1), wherein the refrigerant water enters the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) through a pipeline;
the generator (3) comprises a lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) positioned at the upper part and a second flash chamber (3-2) positioned below the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), the upper part of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) is communicated with the lower part of the absorber (2) through a dilute lithium bromide solution pipe (5), the lower part of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) is communicated with the upper part of the absorber (2) through a concentrated lithium bromide solution pipe (6),
The evaporator (1) is vacuumized with the generator (3) through a flash evaporation vacuum pump (7), a first sewage water inlet pipe (1-3) is arranged at the upper part of a first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) in a communicating manner, a second sewage water inlet pipe (3-3) is arranged at the upper part of a second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) in a communicating manner, sewage water is subjected to flash evaporation in the two flash evaporation chambers, the steam after flash evaporation moves upwards and exchanges heat with the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water chamber (1-1) and the dilute lithium bromide solution in the lithium bromide solution chamber (3-1) correspondingly, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water chamber (1-1) exchanges heat and then is subjected to falling film evaporation, the evaporated steam enters the absorber (2), the refrigerant water in the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated and evaporated, and the evaporated steam enters the condenser (4).
2. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1-4) are arranged in the refrigerant water cavity (1-1), two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1-4) are respectively communicated with the external space of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1), steam subjected to flash evaporation in the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) enters the first heat exchange tubes (1-4) through one ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1-4), exchanges heat with refrigerant water outside the first heat exchange tubes (1-4), and after the steam in the first heat exchange tubes (1-4) exchanges heat and condenses into water, the water is discharged through the other ends of the first heat exchange tubes (1-4).
3. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 2, wherein: a plurality of second heat exchange tubes (3-5) are arranged in the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), two ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5) are respectively communicated with the outer space of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1), steam subjected to flash evaporation in the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) enters the second heat exchange tubes (3-5) through one ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5), heat exchange is carried out on the steam outside the second heat exchange tubes (3-5), and after the steam in the second heat exchange tubes (3-5) is condensed into water, the water is discharged through the other ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5).
4. A direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: demisters (15) are respectively arranged between the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) and the first flash chamber (1-2) and between the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) and the second flash chamber (3-2).
5. The direct-heating type two-type heat pump according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the outside of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) is provided with a first condensate trough (1-5), the first condensate trough (1-5) is communicated with the other ends of the first heat exchange tubes (1-4), the outside of the lithium bromide solution cavity (3-1) is provided with a second condensate trough (3-6), and the second condensate trough (3-6) is communicated with the other ends of the second heat exchange tubes (3-5).
6. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 5, wherein: the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) is arranged horizontally or vertically.
7. The direct-heating type two-type heat pump according to claim 1,2, 3, 4 or 6, characterized in that: when the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipes (1-3) are vertically arranged, the number of the refrigerant water cavities (1-1) is two, the two refrigerant water cavities are oppositely arranged at two sides of the first sewage and wastewater water inlet pipes (1-3), and steam subjected to flash evaporation in the first flash evaporation chamber (1-1) enters the refrigerant water cavities (1-1) through one side opposite to the two refrigerant water cavities (1-1) for heat exchange.
8. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 7, wherein: the upper part of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) is provided with a refrigerant water sprayer (1-6), the lower part of the refrigerant water cavity (1-1) is provided with a first refrigerant water pool, and the first refrigerant water pool is communicated with the refrigerant water sprayer (1-6) through a pipeline; the lower part of the condenser (4) is provided with a second coolant pool (4-4), and the second coolant pool (4-4) is communicated with the coolant water sprayer (1-6) through a pipeline.
9. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 8, wherein: the sewage and wastewater enters the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) through the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) for primary flash evaporation, the sewage and wastewater after primary flash evaporation enters the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) through the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) for secondary flash evaporation, and the sewage and wastewater after secondary flash evaporation is discharged out of the generator (3) through the sewage and wastewater water outlet pipe (3-4).
10. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 9, wherein: the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe is positioned in the second flash chamber (3-2).
11. The direct-heating type second-class heat pump according to claim 1,2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that: the number of the lithium bromide solution cavities (3-1) is two, the two lithium bromide solution cavities are oppositely arranged at two sides of the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3), and steam subjected to flash evaporation in the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) enters the lithium bromide solution cavities (3-1) through one side opposite to the two lithium bromide solution cavities (3-1) for heat exchange.
12. The direct-heating type two-kind heat pump according to claim 11, wherein: the sewage and wastewater respectively enter the first flash evaporation chamber (1-2) and the second flash evaporation chamber (3-2) through the first sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (1-3) and the second sewage and wastewater inlet pipe (3-3) to be subjected to flash evaporation, the lower part of each flash evaporation chamber is respectively communicated with a sewage and wastewater return pipe, and the sewage and wastewater after flash evaporation in each flash evaporation chamber is discharged through the communicated sewage and wastewater return pipes.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103808058A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-21 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Two-level second-kind lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit provided with refrigerant water preheater |
| CN104567079A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 北京京诚科林环保科技有限公司 | Hot water type lithium bromide absorption water chilling unit |
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| NL206564A (en) * | 1955-05-02 | |||
| CN106016839B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-04-19 | 北京联力源科技有限公司 | Absorption heat pump and its generator and round-robin method |
| CN110173921B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2024-04-26 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Two-stage lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit capable of double-effect refrigeration |
| CN212390647U (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-01-22 | 哈尔滨工大金涛科技股份有限公司 | Directly-heated type class II heat pump |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103808058A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-21 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Two-level second-kind lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit provided with refrigerant water preheater |
| CN104567079A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 北京京诚科林环保科技有限公司 | Hot water type lithium bromide absorption water chilling unit |
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