CN111719535A - Method for evaluating surface roughness of rock slope - Google Patents
Method for evaluating surface roughness of rock slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN111719535A CN111719535A CN202010504393.5A CN202010504393A CN111719535A CN 111719535 A CN111719535 A CN 111719535A CN 202010504393 A CN202010504393 A CN 202010504393A CN 111719535 A CN111719535 A CN 111719535A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/28—Quantising the image, e.g. histogram thresholding for discrimination between background and foreground patterns
Abstract
The invention provides an evaluation method of rock slope surface roughness, which comprises the following steps: s10, selecting a typical rock sample as a research object on the surface of the excavated rock slope; s20, shooting a picture of the rock sample by using a camera, and acquiring a fracture parameter assigned value; s30, scanning the rock sample through a three-dimensional laser scanner to generate an integral triangular mesh model of the rock sample, acquiring a geometric outline and a fluctuation form, and calculating a roughness parameter assigned value; and S40, summing the assigned values of the crack parameters and the assigned values of the roughness parameters, and carrying out comprehensive qualitative evaluation on the surface roughness of the tested rock slope according to the result. According to the method for evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope, provided by the invention, the fracture parameters are used for evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope for the first time, so that the accuracy of evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope is improved; by adopting the evaluation method to evaluate the surface roughness of the rock slope, the ecological slope protection engineering practice can be better guided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to an evaluation method of rock slope surface roughness.
Background
With the national emphasis on infrastructure construction, a large number of roads and railways begin to be built by dynamic force. In engineering construction of railways, roads, dams and the like, a large number of side slopes are often excavated. The excavation of the side slope destroys the original vegetation cover layer, so that a large amount of secondary bare land is generated, and the phenomenon of serious water and soil loss is generated, thereby causing serious unbalance of the ecological environment. Most of the exposed rocky slopes have serious weathering and crack development, so that disasters such as collapse, rockfall, water and soil loss and the like often occur, and the local ecological environment is seriously damaged. Ecological slope engineering is in place to realize the dual functions of slope stabilization and ecological restoration, wherein the soil replacement spray-seeding technology is widely applied. However, the biggest problem of the method is the stability of the foreign soil on the rock slope, which is typically represented by the phenomenon of falling of the foreign soil layer, so that the ecological restoration effect on the rock slope is not ideal. In order to ensure the normal growth of the preparation on the slope surface of the rock mass, the firm and stable attachment of the passenger soil layer on the slope surface must be ensured.
A large number of researches show that the roughness of the surface of the rock slope is directly related to the shear strength between the foreign soil layer and the slope surface interface, has better consistency and plays a vital role in the effect of foreign soil spray seeding operation. The concave-convex fluctuant rock mass surface increases the bonding area of the foreign soil layer and the slope rock mass on one hand, so that the bonding force between contact interfaces is improved; on the other hand, a large number of miniature piles are formed, so that the anti-skid capability of the passenger soil layer is obviously improved. At present, the structural surface roughness is mostly described by using the JRC value in the contact surface shear strength formula proposed by Barton, and the JRC value is very difficult to determine. In addition, the development of the slope crack can also increase the mechanical engaging force between the soil layer and the slope, and change the mechanical behavior between the soil layer and the slope rock mass. This has not been fully considered in the evaluation of rock slope surface roughness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an evaluation method of the surface roughness of the rocky slope, which is characterized in that fracture parameters are used for evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope for the first time, so that the accuracy of evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope is improved; by adopting the evaluation method to evaluate the surface roughness of the rock slope, the ecological slope protection engineering practice can be better guided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a method for evaluating the surface roughness of a rock slope comprises the following steps: s10, selecting a typical rock sample as a research object on the surface of the excavated rock slope; s20, shooting a picture of the rock sample by using a camera, and carrying out automatic recognition, geometric quantification and statistical analysis on the picture by using a particle and fracture image recognition and analysis system to obtain a fracture parameter assigned value; s30, scanning the rock sample through a three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain space point cloud data of the surface of an excavation surface, generating an integral triangular grid model of the rock sample, obtaining a geometric outline and a fluctuation form, and calculating a roughness parameter assigning value; and S40, summing the assigned values of the crack parameters and the assigned values of the roughness parameters, and carrying out comprehensive qualitative evaluation on the surface roughness of the tested rock slope according to the result.
Further, at least three groups of rock samples are respectively sampled at the top of the slope, the waist of the slope and the bottom of the slope in the step S10.
Further, the minimum size of the sampling range of the rock sample is not less than 1m, and the height of the rock slope is not more than 20 m.
Further, the particle and fracture image recognition and analysis system in step S20 can import a fracture image, automatically binarize the image, recognize blocks in a fracture network, repair fracture segments, remove impurity points, recognize the fracture network, output fracture geometric parameters and statistical parameters, display result vector images, rose diagrams and the like, and implement quantitative analysis of fracture meshes.
Further, the fracture geometric parameters and the statistical parameters comprise fracture rate, fracture width and fracture area obtained through automatic statistics.
Further, the flaw parameter assignment values are given in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 fracture parameter assignment table
Further, the roughness parameters in step S30 include a profile height characteristic parameter and a profile maximum height, and the roughness parameter assignment values are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2 roughness parameter assignment table
Further, the step S40 comprehensively evaluates the surface roughness of the rock slope, as shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 rocky slope surface roughness
| Roughness grading | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ |
| General score (S) | ＞80 | (20,80] | ≤20 |
| Description of roughness | Good taste | Medium and high grade | Difference (D) |
Further, the geometric profile and the relief shape of the rock sample in step S30 can also be obtained by profilometer orientation measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the evaluation method for the surface roughness of the rocky slope, the surface roughness of the rocky slope is quantitatively analyzed by combining the fracture parameters and the roughness parameters, the fracture parameters are used for evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope for the first time, and the accuracy of evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope is improved; by adopting the evaluation method to evaluate the surface roughness of the rock slope, the surface roughness of the rock slope can be evaluated qualitatively and rapidly, ecological slope protection engineering practice is guided better, and an economic and reasonable ecological engineering scheme can be specified according to the evaluated structure.
Drawings
The technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating surface roughness of a rocky slope according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a typical rock slope according to the method for evaluating surface roughness of a rock slope of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a slope contour line of the method for evaluating the surface roughness of a rocky slope according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a method for evaluating surface roughness of a rock slope is provided, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps: s10 selecting typical rock sample as research object on the surface of excavated rock slope. S20, shooting a picture of the rock sample by using a camera, and carrying out automatic recognition, geometric quantification and statistical analysis on the picture by using a particle and fracture image recognition and analysis system to obtain a fracture parameter assigned value. S30, the rock sample is scanned through the three-dimensional laser scanner, space point cloud data of the surface of the excavation face are obtained, an integral triangular mesh model of the rock sample is generated, a geometric outline and a fluctuation form are obtained, and a roughness parameter assigning value is calculated. And S40, summing the assigned values of the crack parameters and the assigned values of the roughness parameters, and carrying out comprehensive qualitative evaluation on the surface roughness of the rock slope according to the result.
And S10, sampling the rock sample at the top, the waist and the bottom of the slope respectively by at least three groups. The minimum size of the sampling range of the rock sample is not less than 1m, and the height of the rock slope is not more than 20 m.
And step S20, taking a picture of the rock sample by using a common camera, and converting the picture into a Tif picture document. And (4) shooting all rock samples along the slope direction, and repeatedly shooting at least 2 pictures. The particle and fracture image identification and analysis system can introduce fracture images, automatically carry out binaryzation on the images, identify blocks in a fracture network, repair fracture sections, remove impurity points and identify the fracture network. And outputting fracture geometric parameters and statistical parameters, displaying a result vector image, a rose diagram and the like, and realizing quantitative analysis of the fracture grid. The fracture geometric parameters and the statistical parameters comprise fracture rate, fracture fractal dimension, fracture average length, fracture width and fracture area which are obtained through automatic statistics.
The flaw parameter assigned values are given in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 fracture parameter assignment table
In step S30, the geometric profile and the relief form of the rock sample can also be obtained by profilometer orientation measurement. The roughness parameters include a profile height characteristic parameter and a profile maximum height. And (3) directionally measuring the surface contour line of each rock sample by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner. At least 5 peaks and 5 troughs are included within a certain sampling length. The straight line equalizes the areas of the upper and lower portions with the arithmetic mean center line of the profile as a reference line. In the sampling length, uniformly taking no less than 30 points on the surface contour line, measuring the distance between each point on the contour line and the reference line, and calculating the arithmetic mean value of the absolute value of the distances to obtain the contour height characteristic parameter. And measuring the distance between the highest peak and the lowest valley of the profile in the sampling length to obtain the maximum height of the profile. The roughness parameter assignment values are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2 roughness parameter assignment table
The step S40 is to comprehensively evaluate the surface roughness of the rock slope, as shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 rocky slope surface roughness
The evaluation method of the surface roughness of the rocky slope according to the present invention is explained by taking a sample having a size of 3 × 3m as an example, as follows:
s10, selecting a rock slope surface with good exposure conditions after slope cleaning as a research object;
s20 shooting 9m with camera2Photographs of samples in the size range, taken twice in duplicate, as shown in FIG. 2And displaying and converting into a Tif format picture document. And (3) carrying out binarization processing on the image by adopting a particle and fracture image recognition and analysis system, extracting a fracture network according to a gray value, removing abnormal points of the image, and obtaining fracture geometric parameters and statistical parameters. According to quantitative analysis of a fracture network, the fracture rate is 4.59%, the fracture width is 0.62mm, and the fracture area is 1.8 strips/m. The surface fracture rate score of the sample obtained according to table 1 was 10, the fracture width score was 15, the fracture interval score was 10, and the total score of fracture parameters was 35+ 15+ 10.
S30 Directional measurement of 9m by three-dimensional laser scanner2The contour line of the sample corresponding to the size range is extracted according to the gray value of the sample contour line scanning image, the abnormal value of the image is removed, and the surface information of the sample of the series size structural plane is obtained according to a central value method, as shown in fig. 3. The characteristic parameter of the height of the obtained contour is 0.53cm, and the maximum height of the contour is 2.76 cm. According to the table 2, the corresponding sample profile height characteristic parameter score is 10, the profile maximum height score is 7, and the total roughness parameter score is 17;
and 6, summing the assigned values of the fracture parameters and the assigned values of the roughness parameters to obtain a sum of 35+ 17-52, and judging that the surface roughness of the rock slope is medium according to the table 3.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are transformed by the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of the rock slope is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, selecting a typical rock sample as a research object on the surface of the excavated rock slope;
s20, shooting a picture of the rock sample by using a camera, and carrying out automatic recognition, geometric quantification and statistical analysis on the picture by using a particle and fracture image recognition and analysis system to obtain a fracture parameter assigned value;
s30, scanning the rock sample through a three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain space point cloud data of the surface of an excavation surface, generating an integral triangular grid model of the rock sample, obtaining a geometric outline and a fluctuation form, and calculating a roughness parameter assigning value; and
and S40, summing the assigned values of the crack parameters and the assigned values of the roughness parameters, and carrying out comprehensive qualitative evaluation on the surface roughness of the tested rock slope according to the result.
2. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of a rocky slope according to claim 1, wherein the rock samples of step S10 are sampled at least three groups at the top, the waist and the bottom of the slope.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the minimum size of the sampling range of the rock sample is not less than 1m, and the height of the rock slope is not more than 20 m.
4. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope according to claim 1, wherein in the step S20, the particle and fracture image recognition and analysis system can import a fracture image, automatically binarize the image, recognize blocks in a fracture network, repair fracture segments, remove impurity points, recognize the fracture network, output fracture geometric parameters and statistical parameters, display result vector images, rose diagrams and the like, and realize quantitative analysis of fracture meshes.
5. The method of evaluating the surface roughness of a rocky slope according to claim 4, wherein the fracture geometry parameters and statistical parameters include automatically statistically derived fracture rate, fracture width and fracture area.
6. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of a rock slope according to claim 5, wherein the assigned values of fracture parameters are shown in Table 1 below: (0.75,3]
TABLE 1 fracture parameter assignment table
7. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of a rock slope according to claim 1, wherein the roughness parameters in step S30 include a profile height characteristic parameter and a profile maximum height, and the roughness parameter assigned values are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 roughness parameter assignment table
8. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of the rocky slope according to claim 1, wherein the step S40 is performed to comprehensively evaluate the surface roughness of the rocky slope, as shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 rocky slope surface roughness
9. The method for evaluating the surface roughness of the rock slope according to claim 1, wherein the geometric profile and the relief form of the rock sample in the step S30 can be obtained by directional measurement of a profilometer.
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| CN113505966A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-10-15 | 河海大学 | Method for evaluating ecological environment restoration effect of rock slope regeneration planting complexing agent |
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