CN111719143B - ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111719143B
CN111719143B CN202010489032.8A CN202010489032A CN111719143B CN 111719143 B CN111719143 B CN 111719143B CN 202010489032 A CN202010489032 A CN 202010489032A CN 111719143 B CN111719143 B CN 111719143B
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abs plastic
plastic capillary
optical fiber
solution
coc
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CN111719143A (en
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敬承斌
余烁颖
谢国兴
钟熠
鲁学会
刘少华
胡鸣
徐剑
程亚
褚君浩
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East China Normal University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
    • C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
    • C23C18/44—Coating with noble metals using reducing agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
    • B05D7/222—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes of pipes
    • B05D7/225—Coating inside the pipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1689—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
    • C23C18/285—Sensitising or activating with tin based compound or composition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding

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Abstract

The invention discloses an ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber and a preparation method thereof. The silver-plated terahertz hollow-core optical fiber is obtained by a liquid-phase chemical deposition method. And obtaining the Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber through halogenation reaction on the basis of the silver-plated hollow optical fiber. Or the Ag/COC terahertz/infrared hollow-core optical fiber is prepared on the basis of the silver-plated hollow-core optical fiber, and the prepared hollow-core optical fiber determined by the thickness of the prepared COC layer can be used for transmitting terahertz waves or infrared waves. The ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber prepared by the invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, extremely low cost, good toughness and elasticity, high bonding strength of the metal coating and the ABS plastic, and capability of resisting THz waves and CO2The infrared laser realizes bendable and low-loss transmission and has wide application prospect.

Description

ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz and infrared optical fiber preparation, in particular to a method for preparing a bendable low-loss ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber.
Background
Terahertz (THz, Terahertz) refers to an electromagnetic wave with the frequency of 0.1-10 THz, is an electromagnetic wave with the wavelength between infrared rays and microwaves, and is widely applied to the fields of nondestructive testing, communication engineering and the like. Infra-red electromagnetic waves, e.g. CO, having a wavelength of 10.6 μm2The laser has rich laser lines and narrow line width, and has wide application in the fields such as military field, medical field (such as operation laser), material processing (cutting and welding equipment), communication and the like. For many years, scientists have been implementing low loss transmission of terahertz waves and CO2Infrared laser optical fibers have been studied in a number of ways, including hollow core optical fibers.
The hollow optical fiber takes air as a transmission medium, has the advantages of simple structure, good heat dissipation, no terminal reflection and the like, and has the structure of a hollow pipe, a metal coating on the inner surface of the hollow pipe and a reflecting film on the metal coating. The hollow tube as the main structure may be made of quartz, glass, ceramic, metal or plastic mainly containing fluoropolymer. Inorganic nonmetallic materials such as quartz glass, sapphire single crystal and the like are generally selected as the main body structure of the attenuated total reflection hollow-core optical fiber, but are typical brittle materials which are easy to break, so that the deep application of the material in the partial field of the hollow-core optical fiber is limited to a certain extent. In the field of plastic materials, the scientists in the prior art use polystyrene, fluoropolymers, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyimides, natural or synthetic rubbers, silicone rubbers, polyvinyl chloride, PMMA, COP. The bonding strength between the plastic and the metal coating is poor and sensitization treatment is required. In order to overcome the defects, researches show that ABS (terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene) plastic has the advantages of low price, excellent toughness and the like, has higher bonding strength with a metal coating, and can be used as a base tube of a hollow fiber to carry out low-loss transmission on infrared or terahertz. At present, ABS plastic as a hollow fiber-optic substrate tube has not been studied for the application in the transmission of electromagnetic waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein ABS plastic with the advantages of low price, good toughness, good elasticity, smooth surface, easy treatment, high bonding strength with a metal coating and the like is used as a main body structure of the hollow optical fiber. Based on the ABS plastic capillary, different hollow-core optical fibers are prepared according to different preparation processes, and the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber, the infrared hollow-core optical fiber or the terahertz/infrared hollow-core optical fiber can be sequentially obtained along the preparation steps. The ABS plastic capillary tube infrared hollow optical fiber adopts a metal/medium hollow optical fiber structure, and the ABS plastic capillary tube terahertz hollow optical fiber can adopt a metal hollow optical fiber and a metal/medium hollow optical fiber structure.
The specific technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of an ABS plastic capillary silver-plated terahertz hollow optical fiber comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube, and treating the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a physical and chemical method;
step 2: forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method to prepare the silver-plated terahertz hollow optical fiber of the ABS plastic capillary;
wherein: step 1, the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary is treated by a physical and chemical method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: washing the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
a2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and sequentially introducing ethanol and deionized water for 2-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
and 2, forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: vertically placing ABS plastic capillary, connecting with peristaltic pump, sequentially introducing SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
b2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution simultaneously under the dark condition for 15-35 min at the flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
b3: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; and forming a dense metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary.
An ABS plastic capillary silver-plated terahertz hollow optical fiber prepared by the method.
A preparation method of an ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube, and treating the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a physical and chemical method;
step 2: forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method;
and step 3: forming a silver halide reflecting film on the surface of the compact metal silver coating through halogenation reaction by using a peristaltic pump to prepare the ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber; wherein:
step 1, the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary is treated by a physical and chemical method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: washing the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
a2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and sequentially introducing ethanol and deionized water for 2-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
and 2, forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: vertically placing ABS plastic capillary, connecting with peristaltic pump, sequentially introducing SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
b2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution simultaneously under the dark condition for 15-35 min at the flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
b3: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary;
the step 3 specifically includes:
c1: vertically placing the ABS plastic capillary tube with the compact metal silver coating formed on the inner surface in the step 2, connecting a peristaltic pump, introducing a cyclohexane solution of iodine for 5-8 min, and controlling the temperature to be 14.5-15.5 ℃; the mass ratio of iodine to cyclohexane is 60-100 mL/g; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min; then introducing ethanol for cleaning for 1-3 min;
c2: blowing and drying, wherein the blowing speed of drying air is 50-200 mL/min, and the drying time is 2-10 h; and obtaining the ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber.
An ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber prepared by the method.
A preparation method of an ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow-core optical fiber comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube, and treating the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a physical and chemical method;
step 2: forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method;
and step 3: forming a cyclic olefin copolymer, namely a COC (chip on glass) reflecting film on the surface of the silver coating to prepare the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow-core optical fiber; wherein:
step 1, the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary is treated by a physical and chemical method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: washing the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
a2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and sequentially introducing ethanol and deionized water for 2-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
and 2, forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: vertically placing ABS plastic capillary, connecting with peristaltic pump, sequentially introducing SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
b2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution simultaneously under the dark condition for 15-35 min at the flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
b3: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary; wherein:
the step 3 specifically includes:
d1: vertically placing the ABS plastic capillary tube with the inner surface formed with the compact metal silver coating in the step 2, placing a metal rod matched with the inner diameter of the base tube into the capillary tube, connecting the other end of the metal rod with a motor, and injecting a chloroform solution of COC into the space of the base tube on the upper part of the metal rod; the mass ratio of the COC chloroform solution is 1: 5-15 or 1: 5-8;
d2: starting a motor of the motor to drive a metal rod to descend at a constant speed, driving the chloroform solution of the COC to descend by the metal rod, and adhering a layer of chloroform solution liquid film of the COC on the surface of the silver layer; the descending speed is 10-200 mm/min or 5-100 mm/min;
d3: blowing and drying, wherein the blowing speed of drying air is 40-200 mL/min, and the drying time is 2-8 h; and preparing the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow optical fiber.
The ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow-core optical fiber prepared by the method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention creatively uses the ABS plastic capillary as the main body structure of the capillary hollow-core optical fiber, and obtains the silver-plated hollow-core optical fiber by a liquid-phase chemical deposition method. And obtaining the infrared hollow-core optical fiber by halogenation reaction on the basis of the silver-plated hollow-core optical fiber. Or the terahertz/infrared hollow-core optical fiber is prepared on the basis of the silver-plated hollow-core optical fiber, the low-loss transmission window is regulated and controlled according to the thickness of the COC layer, and the prepared hollow-core optical fiber can be used for transmitting terahertz waves or infrared waves. The ABS plastic capillary hollow optical fiber prepared by the method has the advantages of good bending property, excellent toughness and elasticity, high surface hardness, low manufacturing cost and simple process, can realize bendable and low-loss transmission of terahertz and infrared, and has wide application prospect.
The ABS plastic selected by the invention is widely applied as engineering plastic, has high impact strength and surface hardness, excellent wear resistance, oil resistance and corrosion resistance, and is not easy to damage; compared with PMMA, COP and other plastics, the raw materials are easier to obtain and the cost is lower; the material has excellent elasticity and toughness, has better bending property and is not easy to break compared with materials with poor toughness and large brittleness, such as germanate glass and the like; most importantly, chemical plating of silver on the ABS plastic surface is easy to realize, compared with materials with weak binding capacity with polyurethane, polystyrene and the like, the ABS plastic surface can be plated with silver without being activated by substances such as palladium chloride and the like, the ABS plastic surface has higher binding strength with the silver plating layer, and the formed silver plating layer has higher quality and is not easy to fall off, so the ABS plastic surface has longer service life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ABS plastic capillary silver-plated terahertz hollow optical fiber prepared by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber prepared by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow-core optical fiber prepared by the invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation of the silver-plated terahertz hollow-core optical fiber of the ABS plastic capillary comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, and washing the inner surface of the base tube 1 by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; washing, introducing deionized water for washing, introducing ethanol, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step four: vertically placing the base tube 1, connecting a peristaltic pump, simultaneously introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution, and performing light-shielding treatment for 15-35 min at a flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
step five: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; obtaining the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber 12;
referring to fig. 2, the preparation of the ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, and washing the inner surface of the base tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; washing, introducing deionized water for washing, introducing ethanol, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step four: vertically placing the base tube 1, connecting a peristaltic pump, simultaneously introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution, and performing light-shielding treatment for 15-35 min at a flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
step five: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h;
step six: forming a silver iodide reflective film 3 on the surface of the silver plating layer by halogenation reaction using a peristaltic pump;
step seven: vertically placing the base tube 1 coated with the silver layer, connecting a peristaltic pump, introducing an iodine cyclohexane solution for 5-15 min, and introducing ethanol for cleaning for 1-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step eight: blowing and drying, wherein the blowing speed of drying air is 50-200 mL/min, and the drying time is 2-10 h; an infrared hollow-core optical fiber 13 is obtained.
Referring to fig. 3, the preparation of the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC infrared or terahertz hollow-core fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, and washing the inner surface of the base tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; washing, introducing deionized water for washing, introducing ethanol, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step four: vertically placing the base tube 1, connecting a peristaltic pump, simultaneously introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution, and performing light-shielding treatment for 15-35 min at a flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
step five: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h;
step six: vertically placing a base pipe 1 coated with a silver layer, placing a metal rod matched with the inner diameter of the base pipe in the base pipe, connecting the other end of the metal rod with a motor, and injecting a chloroform solution of COC into the space of the base pipe on the upper part of the metal rod; the mass ratio of the COC chloroform solution is 1: 5-15 or 1: 5-8;
step seven: starting a motor of the motor to drive a metal rod to descend at a constant speed, driving the chloroform solution of the COC to descend by the metal rod, and adhering a layer of chloroform solution liquid film of the COC on the surface of the silver layer; the descending speed is 10-200 mm/min or 5-100 mm/min;
step eight: forming a COC reflecting film 4 on the surface of the silver coating of the ABS plastic capillary silver-plated hollow optical fiber; blowing and drying, wherein the blowing speed of drying air is 40-200 mL/min, and the drying time is 2-8 h; obtaining the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz hollow optical fiber or the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC infrared hollow optical fiber 14.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation of the silver-plated terahertz hollow-core optical fiber of the ABS plastic capillary comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, wherein the inner diameter of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 3 mm, the wall thickness of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 mm, the length of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 m, washing the inner surface of the base tube by using a cleaning agent for 3 min, introducing deionized water for washing after washing, introducing ethanol for washing, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a liquid detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the liquid detergent to the cleaning powder is 1: 1;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 5 min, and deionized water for 1 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 4.1 mmol/L; the flow rate is 60 mL/min;
step four: placing the base tube 1 vertically, connecting a peristaltic pump, introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution simultaneously, and performing light-shielding treatment for 30 min at a flow rate of 60 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 37.6 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 8.1 mmol/L;
step five: deionized water is introduced for cleaning for 2 min, and air blowing drying is carried out, wherein the speed of blowing dry air is 100 mL/min, and the drying time is 3 h; the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber 12 is obtained.
Through tests, the linear loss of the terahertz wave with the transmission frequency of 300GHz of the obtained ABS plastic capillary terahertz hollow fiber is less than 3 dB/m.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the preparation of the ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, wherein the inner diameter of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 1 mm, the wall thickness of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 mm, the length of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 m, washing the inner surface of the base tube by using a cleaning agent for 3 min, introducing deionized water for washing after washing, introducing ethanol for washing, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a liquid detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the liquid detergent to the cleaning powder is 1: 1;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 5 min, and deionized water for 1 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 4.1 mmol/L; the flow rate is 40 mL/min;
step four: vertically placing the base tube 1, connecting a peristaltic pump, simultaneously introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution, and performing light-shielding treatment for 30 min at a flow rate of 40 mL/min; the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 37.6 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 8.1 mmol/L;
step five: deionized water is introduced for cleaning for 2 min, and air blowing drying is carried out, wherein the speed of blowing dry air is 100 mL/min, and the drying time is 3 h;
step six: forming a silver iodide reflective film 3 on the surface of the silver plating layer by halogenation reaction using a peristaltic pump;
step seven: vertically placing the substrate tube 1 coated with the silver layer, connecting with a peristaltic pump, introducing iodine cyclohexane solution for 6 min, and introducing ethanol for cleaning for 2 min; the flow rate is 40 mL/min;
step eight: blowing and drying are carried out, the speed of blowing dry air is 100 mL/min, and the drying time is 3 h; an infrared hollow-core optical fiber 13 is obtained.
Through testing, the obtained ABS plastic capillary infrared hollow optical fiber transmits CO2The linear loss of the infrared laser is less than 2 dB/m.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, the preparation of the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC infrared hollow fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, wherein the inner diameter of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 1 mm, the wall thickness of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 mm, the length of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 m, washing the inner surface of the base tube by using a cleaning agent for 3 min, introducing deionized water for washing after washing, introducing ethanol for washing, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a liquid detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the liquid detergent to the cleaning powder is 1: 1;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 5 min, and deionized water for 1 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 4.1 mmol/L; the flow rate is 40 mL/min;
step four: vertically placing the base tube 1, connecting a peristaltic pump, simultaneously introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution, and performing light-shielding treatment for 30 min at a flow rate of 40 mL/min; the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 37.6 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 8.1 mmol/L;
step five: deionized water is introduced for cleaning for 2 min, and air blowing drying is carried out, wherein the speed of blowing dry air is 100 mL/min, and the drying time is 3 h; obtaining the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber 12;
step six: forming a COC reflecting film 4 on the surface of the silver coating of the ABS plastic capillary silver-plated hollow optical fiber;
step seven: vertically placing the base tube 1 coated with the silver layer, placing a metal rod matched with the inner diameter of the base tube in the base tube, connecting the other end of the metal rod with a motor, and injecting 0.2 mL of a chloroform solution of COC into the space of the base tube at the upper part of the metal rod; the mass ratio is 1: 10;
step eight: starting a motor of the motor to drive a metal rod to descend at a constant speed, driving the chloroform solution of the COC to descend by the metal rod, and adhering a layer of chloroform solution liquid film of the COC on the surface of the silver layer; the descending speed is 20 mm/min,
step nine: blowing and drying are carried out, the blowing speed of drying air is 40 mL/min, and the drying time is 2 h; obtaining the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC infrared hollow optical fiber 14.
Through testing, the obtained ABS plastic capillary infrared hollow optical fiber transmits CO2The linear loss of the infrared laser is less than 2 dB/m.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 3, the preparation of the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz hollow-core fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube 1, wherein the inner diameter of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 5 mm, the wall thickness of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 mm, the length of the ABS plastic capillary tube is 0.5 m, washing the inner surface of the base tube by using a cleaning agent for 3 min, introducing deionized water for washing after washing, introducing ethanol for washing, and drying; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a liquid detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the liquid detergent to the cleaning powder is 1: 1;
step two: forming a compact metal silver coating 2 on the inner surface of the base tube 1 by a liquid phase chemical deposition method by using a peristaltic pump;
step three: the base tube 1 is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and sequentially filled with SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 5 min, and deionized water for 1 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 4.1 mmol/L; the flow rate is 80 mL/min;
step four: vertically placing the base tube 1, connecting a peristaltic pump, simultaneously introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution, and performing light-shielding treatment for 30 min at a flow rate of 80 mL/min; the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 37.6 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 8.1 mmol/L;
step five: deionized water is introduced for cleaning for 2 min, and air blowing drying is carried out, wherein the speed of blowing dry air is 100 mL/min, and the drying time is 3 h; obtaining the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber 12;
step six: forming a COC reflecting film 4 on the surface of the silver coating of the ABS plastic capillary silver-plated hollow optical fiber;
step seven: vertically placing a base tube 1 coated with a silver layer, placing a metal rod matched with the inner diameter of the base tube in the base tube, connecting the other end of the metal rod with a motor, and injecting 2 mL of a chloroform solution of COC into the space of the base tube at the upper part of the metal rod; the mass ratio is 1: 10;
step eight: starting a motor of the motor to drive a metal rod to descend at a constant speed, driving the chloroform solution of the COC to descend by the metal rod, and adhering a layer of chloroform solution liquid film of the COC on the surface of the silver layer; the descending speed is 80 mm/min;
step nine: blowing and drying are carried out, the blowing speed of drying air is 150 mL/min, and the drying time is 6 h; obtaining the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz hollow optical fiber 14.
Through tests, the linear loss of the terahertz wave with the transmission frequency of 300GHz of the obtained ABS plastic capillary terahertz hollow fiber is less than 2 dB/m.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of an ABS plastic capillary silver-plated terahertz hollow optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube, and treating the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a physical and chemical method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: washing the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
a2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and sequentially introducing ethanol and deionized water for 2-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step 2: forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method to prepare the silver-plated terahertz hollow optical fiber of the ABS plastic capillary; the method comprises the following steps of forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of an ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: vertically placing ABS plastic capillary, connecting with peristaltic pump, sequentially introducing SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
b2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution simultaneously under the dark condition for 15-35 min at the flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
b3: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; and forming a dense metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary.
2. A preparation method of an ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube, and treating the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a physical and chemical method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: washing the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
a2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and sequentially introducing ethanol and deionized water for 2-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step 2: forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: vertically placing ABS plastic capillary, connecting with peristaltic pump, sequentially introducing SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
b2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and introducing a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution simultaneously under the dark condition for 15-35 min at the flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
b3: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary;
and step 3: forming a silver halide reflecting film on the surface of the compact metal silver coating through halogenation reaction by using a peristaltic pump to prepare the ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
c1: vertically placing the ABS plastic capillary tube with the compact metal silver coating formed on the inner surface in the step 2, connecting a peristaltic pump, introducing a cyclohexane solution of iodine for 5-8 min, and controlling the temperature to be 14.5-15.5 ℃; the mass ratio of iodine to cyclohexane is 60-100 mL/g; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min; then introducing ethanol for cleaning for 1-3 min;
c2: blowing and drying, wherein the blowing speed of drying air is 50-200 mL/min, and the drying time is 2-10 h; and obtaining the ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow optical fiber.
3. A preparation method of an ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting an ABS plastic capillary tube as a base tube, and treating the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a physical and chemical method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: washing the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by using a cleaning agent for 3-10 min; the cleaning agent is a mixed solution of a detergent and a cleaning powder, and the mass ratio of the detergent to the cleaning agent is 1: 0.5-2;
a2: vertically placing an ABS plastic capillary tube, connecting a peristaltic pump, and sequentially introducing ethanol and deionized water for 2-5 min; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
step 2: forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary tube by a peristaltic pump through a liquid-phase chemical deposition method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: vertically placing ABS plastic capillary, connecting with peristaltic pump, sequentially introducing SnCl2Sensitizing solution for 3-7 min and deionized water for 0.5-2 min; the SnCl2The concentration of the sensitizing solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the flow rate is 10-150 mL/min;
b2: the ABS plastic capillary tube is vertically arranged, connected with a peristaltic pump and simultaneously communicated under the condition of light shieldingAdding a glucose solution and a silver ammonia solution for 15-35 min at a flow rate of 10-150 mL/min; wherein the silver ammonia solution is AgNO3The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-100 mmol/L; the concentration of the glucose solution is 2-100 mmol/L;
b3: introducing deionized water for cleaning for 2-5 min, and blowing for drying at a drying air blowing speed of 50-200 mL/min for 2-10 h; forming a compact metal silver coating on the inner surface of the ABS plastic capillary;
and step 3: forming a cyclic olefin copolymer, namely a COC (chip on glass) reflecting film on the surface of the silver coating to prepare the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow-core optical fiber; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
d1: vertically placing the ABS plastic capillary tube with the inner surface formed with the compact metal silver coating in the step 2, placing a metal rod matched with the inner diameter of the base tube into the capillary tube, connecting the other end of the metal rod with a motor, and injecting a chloroform solution of COC into the space of the base tube on the upper part of the metal rod; the mass ratio of the COC chloroform solution is 1: 5-15 or 1: 5-8;
d2: starting a motor of the motor to drive a metal rod to descend at a constant speed, driving the chloroform solution of the COC to descend by the metal rod, and adhering a layer of chloroform solution liquid film of the COC on the surface of the silver layer; the descending speed is 10-200 mm/min or 5-100 mm/min;
d3: blowing and drying, wherein the blowing speed of drying air is 40-200 mL/min, and the drying time is 2-8 h; and preparing the ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow optical fiber.
4. An ABS plastic capillary silver-plated terahertz hollow-core optical fiber prepared by the method of claim 1.
5. An ABS plastic capillary Ag/AgI infrared hollow-core optical fiber made by the method of claim 2.
6. An ABS plastic capillary Ag/COC terahertz or Ag/COC infrared hollow-core optical fiber prepared by the method of claim 3.
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