CN111719070A - High-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for mobile phone middle plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for mobile phone middle plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111719070A CN111719070A CN202010606071.1A CN202010606071A CN111719070A CN 111719070 A CN111719070 A CN 111719070A CN 202010606071 A CN202010606071 A CN 202010606071A CN 111719070 A CN111719070 A CN 111719070A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy comprises Si: 6-8 wt%; mg: 1.5 wt% -3.0 wt%; mn: 0.2 wt% -1.8 wt%; cu<2.5％；Fe<0.5wt％；Ti：0.01wt％‑0.2wt％；Sr：0.005wt％‑0.1wt％；Zn<1.0wt％；Y<0.8wt％；Ce<0.5 wt%; the sum of the weight percentages of the other impurities is controlled to be less than 1.0wt percent, and the balance is Al. Compared with the prior art, the invention introduces three strengthening phases of Mg by adding Si, Mn, Cu and Mg into the aluminum alloy2Si、MnAl6And Al2The Cu binary precipitated phase obviously improves the yield strength of the material, and simultaneously, the Y and Ce elements are doped into the aluminum alloyIn the gold, α -Al is refined by the eutectic aluminum alloy, a fine crystal strengthening effect is generated, and eutectic silicon and eutectic Mg are subjected to2The modification effect of the Si phase improves the elongation of the die casting alloy, and meanwhile, stable hydride can be formed, the hydrogen fixation effect is exerted, the hydrogen content and the pinhole degree of the base body of the aluminum alloy are reduced, and the elongation of the die casting alloy is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy, and relates to a preparation method of a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate.
Background
With the advent of the 5G era, smart phones are being updated at an accelerated pace, and the requirements on the mobile phone middle board are changing day by day. In the 5G era, antenna design is the most challenging. Generally, the antenna in the handset radiates in 360 ° omni-directional radiation, so that metal is to be avoided in a certain range around the antenna, which is the "clearance zone". The 5G is divided into two frequency bands of low frequency and high frequency. The low-frequency band is 3-5 Ghz, the difference between the current 4G band and the low-frequency band is not much, and the antenna can be continuously designed. However, in order to meet the transmission rate requirement of 5G, the number of antennas must be increased. Therefore, the structure of the mobile phone middle plate needs more hollow structures and is more complex. Meanwhile, with the use and the size of the OLED full screen becoming larger and larger, the requirement on the flatness of the middle plate becomes higher and higher. The use performance of the mobile phone middle plate requires that the material has higher yield strength and elongation rate so as to ensure the strength required by the supporting circuit board, the screen and the mobile phone structure.
At present, the common punch forming aluminum belt can not meet the design requirements, the die casting and die pressing modes can be adopted to deal with the complex structure in the mobile phone, and the ultra-thin high-strength mobile phone structural component can be formed, wherein the thickness of the ultra-thin high-strength mobile phone structural component is generally thinner and is about 0.5-1.0 mm. ADC12 has excellent casting performance, such as low shrinkage, good fluidity and small hot cracking tendency, and is one of the most used alloy series in cast aluminum alloy. The yield strength is 160-180 MPa, and the elongation is 1.5%. Such yield strength and elongation rate have not been able to meet the requirements of the board material in the mobile phone of the age of 5G.
The patent application CN108754250A discloses a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy and a manufacturing method thereof, the yield strength of the alloy reaches 250-270MPa, the elongation is 2-3%, but the alloy material has higher Zn content and larger temperature range of a solid-liquid phase interval, influences the fluidity of aluminum liquid, and is more suitable for die-casting a mobile phone middle plate with the wall thickness larger than 0.5 mm. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the material is reduced to a certain degree by higher Zn content, and the yield strength of the material can reach 270MPa after longer natural aging time (more than 30 days). Therefore, a die-casting aluminum alloy with good fluidity, excellent die-casting performance and higher yield strength (290 plus 330MPa, elongation 2-3%) is required for a mobile phone middle plate with the wall thickness less than 0.5mm, and meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring the strength of Gaoqu city, the Zn content in the aluminum alloy is reduced, the die-casting performance and the corrosion resistance of the material are improved, the material density is reduced, and the production and use cost of the material is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a low-cost mobile phone middle plate, which can be used for coping with a complex structure in a 5G mobile phone, and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate comprises Si: 6-8 wt%; mg: 1.5 wt% -3.0 wt%; mn: 0.2 wt% -1.8 wt%; cu < 2.5%; fe <0.5 wt%; ti: 0.01 wt% -0.2 wt%; sr: 0.005-0.1 wt%; zn <1.0 wt%; y <0.8 wt%; ce <0.5 wt%; the sum of the weight percentages of the other impurities is controlled to be less than 1.0wt percent, and the balance is Al.
Further preferably, the alloy material includes Si: 6.5 wt% -7.5 wt%; mg: 1.5 wt% -2.0 wt%; mn: 0.3 wt% -1.0 wt%; cu < 2.5%; fe <0.5 wt%; ti: 0.01 wt% -0.2 wt%; sr: 0.01 wt% -0.07 wt%; zn <1.0 wt%; y <0.8 wt%; ce <0.5 wt%; the sum of the weight percentages of the other impurities is controlled to be less than 1.0wt percent, and the balance is Al.
Further preferably, the Si, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu are added in the form of simple substances, wherein the simple substances of Si, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu are preprocessed into cubes with the side length of 10cm and then put into the molten aluminum.
It is further preferable that the Ti, Y, Ce and Sr are added in the form of an intermediate phase alloy, Al-Ti, Al-Y, Al-Ce and Al-Sr intermediate alloy nanopowder is prepared by a direct current arc plasma method, a cylindrical block of Al-Ti, Al-Y, Al-Ce and Al-Sr intermediate alloy is placed on an anode platform of a reaction chamber, if the reaction chamber adopts a hydrogen atmosphere, a tungsten rod is selected as an arc cathode, a chamber cover of the reaction chamber is closed, and simultaneously all channels of an inner chamber of the device, which are connected with the atmosphere, are closed, and the internal pressure of the device is further reduced to 5 × 10-2Pa. Ar gas or a certain proportion of Ar and H is filled in2The current and the distance between the cathode and the anode are adjusted to generate stable electric arc, and the anode intermediate alloy cylinder is evaporated, condensed and collected at the high temperature generated by the electric arc to obtain the Al-Ti, Al-Y, Al-Ce and Al-Sr intermediate alloy nano powder. The average particle size of the master alloy nano powder is 30-50 nm.
A preparation method of a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate comprises the following steps:
1) putting high-purity aluminum element into a heating furnace, heating to 600 ℃, completely melting and preserving heat for 15 min;
2) heating to 780 ℃, and adding Si, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu elementary substance elements;
3) cooling to 750 ℃, and adding Ti, Y, Ce and Sr intermediate phase alloy nano powder;
4) cooling to 720 ℃, and adding pure Mg metal material;
5) and after the raw materials are completely melted, casting to obtain the aluminum alloy casting.
6) And (5) melting the aluminum alloy casting obtained in the step (5) again at 750 ℃, preserving heat, introducing protective gas to isolate the protective gas from air during heat preservation, then injecting a die-casting die, and performing die-casting to obtain the mobile phone middle plate, wherein the wall thickness of the mobile phone middle plate is less than 0.5 mm.
Further preferably, the die-casting die is a die temperature machine, the temperature is kept at 250-350 ℃ in advance, the injection speed is 4m/s, the molten aluminum alloy casting is rapidly cooled and formed at the pressure of 20-40MPa, the instant high solid solubility of high speed (the injection speed is 4m/s), high pressure (20-40MPa) and high temperature difference (the temperature difference is more than 400 ℃), the grain size of the casting can be greatly refined, the compactness of the casting is optimized, the yield strength of the obtained mobile phone plate reaches 290-330MPa, and the elongation is 2-3.5%.
Further preferably, the protective gas is nitrogen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) by adding Si, Mn, Fe, Cu and Ce into the aluminum alloy, a strengthening phase Mg is introduced2Si、MnAl6、Al3Fe、Al2Cu and Al11Ce3And the yield strength of the material is obviously improved.
2) By MnAl6The compound dispersoid acts as a barrier to the growth of recrystallized grains, increases the recrystallization temperature, can obviously refine the recrystallized grains, and simultaneously, MnAl6Can dissolve impurity iron to form (Fe, Mn) Al6The harmful effect of iron is reduced, and the elongation of Al-Si-Mg is improved.
3) Excessive and coarse Al is easily generated in the aluminum alloy with high Si and Mg contents8Mg5、Mg2The coarse Si phase and the lamellar eutectic Si phase are unevenly distributed, and the aluminum matrix is cracked, so that the elongation is reduced. Sr, Y and Ce are changed into Al8Mg5、Mg2The coarse Si phase and the eutectic Si phase provide heterogeneous nucleation and segregate to Al8Mg5、Mg2Si and eutectic Si interface prevents further growth of Al8Mg5、Mg2The coarse phase and the eutectic phase of Si are transformed into round, broken blocks and spheres, and are distributed in the aluminum matrix more uniformly, so that the aluminum matrix is reduced from cracking, and the elongation of the aluminum matrix is effectively improved.The refinement and the deterioration of the melt by the Y element change the supercooling capability of the melt, so that clusters are increased and reduced, the growth time is prolonged, the lapping time of dendrites is delayed, and the flowing performance is improved.
4) The invention prepares Al-Ti, Al-Y, Al-Ce and Al-Sr intermediate alloy nano powder by a direct current arc plasma method, the basic principle of the direct current arc plasma method is that various atoms in an arc column are firstly ionized by utilizing the high temperature of an electric arc, on one hand, the generated heat causes direct thermal evaporation of metal, and more importantly, metal nano particles are prepared by a series of basic processes of metal atom evaporation, gas phase particle nucleation, crystal nucleus growth, condensation and the like under the action of plasmas of different active gases such as hydrogen and the like, and the average particle size is 30-50 nm. The Ti, Y, Ce and Sr can be distributed in the aluminum alloy more uniformly and the modification and refinement effects are more fully exerted. From thermodynamic analysis, at the eutectic temperature of the aluminum alloy, the nano-sized Ce can form CeH with H in the melt2When the temperature is reduced, stable hydride can be formed, the hydrogen fixing effect is exerted, the hydrogen content and the pinhole degree of the base body of the aluminum alloy are reduced, and the elongation of the die-casting alloy is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plate stretching structure in a mobile phone made of the materials described in examples 1 to 8.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Examples 1 to 8
A high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table 1, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
The alloy material comprises Si: 6-8 wt%; mg: 1.5 wt% -3.0 wt%; mn: 0.2 wt% -1.8 wt%; cu < 2.5%; fe <0.5 wt%; ti: 0.01 wt% -0.2 wt%; sr: 0.005-0.1 wt%; zn <1.0 wt%; y <0.8 wt%; ce <0.5 wt%.
Table 1 shows the contents of the elements in the aluminum alloys of examples 1 to 8 and the performance of the cell phone middle plate made therefrom
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy in each embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the mass of the needed intermediate alloy, and preparing materials;
2) putting high-purity aluminum element into a heating furnace, heating to 600 ℃, completely melting and preserving heat for 15 min;
3) heating to 780 ℃, adding Si, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu in a simple substance form, preprocessing the simple substances of Si, Mg, Mn, Fe and Cu into a cube with the side length of 10cm, and then putting into the aluminum liquid.
4) Cooling to 750 ℃, adding Ti, Y, Ce and Sr intermediate phase alloy nano powder, and preparing Al-Ti, Al-Y, Al-Ce and Al-Sr intermediate alloy nano powder by adopting a direct current arc plasma method. Is beneficial to the rapid and uniform melting of the material.
5) Cooling to 720 ℃, and adding pure Mg metal material;
6) and after the raw materials are completely melted, casting to obtain the aluminum alloy casting. Because the refining agent elements have certain influence on the strength and the elongation of the material, and the material adopts high-purity materials and preprocessed elements, the alloy material is not refined. And casting the alloy material into a cast ingot, and storing for later use.
7) Melting the obtained aluminum alloy casting again at 750 ℃ and preserving heat, wherein the material during heat preservation needs to be isolated from air, nitrogen is introduced to isolate from air during general heat preservation, then the aluminum alloy casting is injected into a die-casting die, and the mobile phone middle plate is obtained through die pressing. The die-casting die is a die temperature controller, the temperature is kept at 250-350 ℃ in advance, the injection speed is 4m/s, and the molten aluminum alloy casting passes through high speed and high pressureAnd the instant high solid solubility of high temperature difference is quickly cooled and formed so as to achieve the purpose of introducing strengthening phase Mg2Si、MnAl6、Al3Fe、Al2Cu and Al11Ce3The yield strength of the material is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the addition of Ti, Y, Ce and Sr refines Al8Mg5、Mg2The Si coarse phase and the eutectic Si phase, thereby effectively improving the elongation of the aluminum matrix.
8) The thickness of the mobile phone middle plate is 0.4mm, a tensile sheet is subjected to in-situ linear cutting on the mobile phone middle plate, the size is shown in figure 1, the tensile property (yield strength and elongation) of a tensile sheet sample is tested by adopting an electronic universal tester with the model of CMT5105 according to GBT 228.1-2010, wherein the gauge length is 20mm, and the loading rate is 2 mm/min.
9) And (3) testing the fluidity: under the condition of normal forming process of the aluminum alloy, a spiral mold is used for preparing a spiral aluminum alloy casting, the flowing forming performance of the material is evaluated according to the total length of the casting, and the longer the length of the casting is, the better the fluidity is.
The embodiment shows that the die-casting aluminum alloy material has excellent mechanical property, the yield strength of the mobile phone middle plate still reaches 290-330MPa after the die-casting is carried out to form an actual casting, the elongation is 2-3.5%, and the Y content is improved by comparing the numbers 1, 3, 5 and 7 in the table 1 with the numbers 2, 4, 6 and 8 respectively, so that the flowability of the material is obviously improved.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate is characterized by comprising Si: 6-8 wt%; mg: 1.5 wt% -3.0 wt%; mn: 0.2 wt% -1.8 wt%; cu < 2.5%; fe <0.5 wt%; ti: 0.01 wt% -0.2 wt%; sr: 0.005-0.1 wt%; zn <1.0 wt%; y <0.8 wt%; ce <0.5 wt%; the sum of the weight percentages of the other impurities is controlled to be less than 1.0wt percent, and the balance is Al.
2. The high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy material for the mobile phone middle plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alloy material comprises Si: 6.5 wt% -7.5 wt%; mg: 1.5 wt% -2.0 wt%; mn: 0.3 wt% -1.0 wt%; cu < 2.5%; fe <0.5 wt%; ti: 0.01 wt% -0.2 wt%; sr: 0.01 wt% -0.07 wt%; zn <1.0 wt%; y <0.8 wt%; ce <0.5 wt%; the sum of the weight percentages of the other impurities is controlled to be less than 1.0wt percent, and the balance is Al.
3. The high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy material for the middle plate of the mobile phone as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the Si, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu are added in the form of simple substances, and the simple substances of Si, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu are preprocessed into cubes with the side length of 10cm and then put into the aluminum liquid.
4. The high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for the middle plate of the mobile phone as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the Ti, Y, Ce and Sr are added in a form of an intermediate phase alloy, and a DC arc plasma method is adopted to prepare Al-Ti, Al-Y, Al-Ce and Al-Sr intermediate alloy nanopowder.
5. The high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy material for the mobile phone middle plate as claimed in claim 4, wherein the average particle size of the master alloy nano powder is 30-50 nm.
6. A method for preparing a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) putting high-purity aluminum element into a heating furnace, heating to 600 ℃, completely melting and preserving heat for 15 min;
2) heating to 780 ℃, and adding Si, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu elementary substance elements;
3) cooling to 750 ℃, and adding Ti, Y, Ce and Sr intermediate phase alloy nano powder;
4) cooling to 720 ℃, and adding pure Mg metal material;
5) after the raw materials are completely melted, casting to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
6) and (5) melting the aluminum alloy casting at 750 ℃ again, preserving heat, introducing protective gas to isolate the protective gas from air during heat preservation, then injecting a die-casting die, and carrying out die pressing to obtain the mobile phone middle plate.
7. The method for preparing a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein the die-casting mold is a mold temperature machine, the temperature is kept at 250-350 ℃ in advance, the injection speed is 4m/s, and the molten aluminum alloy casting is rapidly cooled and formed at 20-40MPa pressure, high speed, high pressure and high temperature difference.
8. The method for preparing a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein the wall thickness of the mobile phone middle plate is less than 0.5 mm.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the yield strength of the middle plate reaches 290-330MPa, and the elongation is 2-3.5%.
10. The method for preparing a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy material for a mobile phone middle plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein the protective gas is nitrogen.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114921696A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-19 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | Medium-strength die-casting low-carbon aluminum alloy material for mobile phone middle plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115305391A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-08 | 中南大学 | Low-energy-consumption aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN117026025A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-10 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | High-equality die-casting aluminum alloy for end plate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US20200190634A1 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2020-06-18 | Brunel University London | Method of forming a cast aluminium alloy |
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| CN114921696A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-19 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | Medium-strength die-casting low-carbon aluminum alloy material for mobile phone middle plate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN117026025A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-10 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | High-equality die-casting aluminum alloy for end plate and preparation method and application thereof |
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