CN111717941A - Nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whisker and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whisker and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111717941A
CN111717941A CN202010572407.7A CN202010572407A CN111717941A CN 111717941 A CN111717941 A CN 111717941A CN 202010572407 A CN202010572407 A CN 202010572407A CN 111717941 A CN111717941 A CN 111717941A
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cobalt
nickel
reaction kettle
whisker
concentration
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杨亚强
李肖萌
刘文超
宋梦桃
刘持欢
贾连军
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HUAYOU NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (QUZHOU) Co.,Ltd.
Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Co Ltd
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Quzhou Huahai New Energy Technology Co ltd
Huayou New Energy Technology Quzhou Co ltd
Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of acicular crystal whisker and a preparation method thereof, wherein the oxygen content in a kettle is continuously adjusted, a corresponding unique reaction atmosphere is designed, and the oxidation in the growth process is controlled, so that the crystal whisker thickness of particles is continuously adjusted, the prepared product has a loose porous internal structure and a higher specific surface area, the crystal whisker is acicular, when a positive electrode material is prepared and sintered, more contact area is provided with a lithium source, the full reaction is facilitated to obtain a high-performance nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material, the obtained positive electrode material contains more pores, the contact area with an electrolyte is obviously improved, the number of lithium ion transmission channels is increased, the infiltration of the electrolyte is facilitated, the diffusion path of lithium ions is shortened, the special acicular structure can buffer the volume change of the positive electrode active material in the charging and discharging process, and plays a role in stabilizing the structure, and further effectively improves the electrochemical properties of the lithium ion battery, such as rate capability, cycle performance and the like.

Description

Nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whisker and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precursors of lithium ion battery anode materials, and particularly relates to a nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of a needle whisker and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, human energy and environmental systems face a great challenge. The development of new energy industry is vigorously promoted in the world, and particularly in China, the new energy industry is listed in seven strategic emerging industries. The lithium ion battery has excellent performances of large energy density, high working voltage, environmental friendliness and the like, is considered to be one of ideal energy storage devices of new energy automobiles, and is widely applied and continuously developed in the fields of various portable electronic devices, energy storage, electric vehicles and aviation. The positive electrode material is a key factor for limiting the capacity of the lithium ion battery and is also a key part of the research of the lithium ion battery.
Currently, lithium ion battery anode materials used by new energy automobiles are mainly ternary materials of lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate and nickel cobalt manganese. The nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material integrates the characteristics of good cycle performance of lithium cobaltate, high specific capacity of lithium nickelate, high safety of lithium manganate, low cost and the like through the ternary synergistic effect of Ni-Co-Mn and disordered arrangement of transition elements at the 3b position, thereby improving the overall performance of the material. The ternary cathode material has the advantages of high unit gram capacity, high voltage platform, good cycle performance and the like, is more favored by the market, and has better market prospect and development potential in the field of power batteries.
The performance of the ternary cathode material (nickel cobalt lithium manganate) depends on the performance of a ternary precursor (such as nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide) to a great extent, and wet coprecipitation is a common method for preparing nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide. Nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, and synthesizing nickel cobalt lithium manganate by adding a lithium source and sintering at high temperature. The size, the morphology, the structure and the like of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide have direct influence on the technical indexes of the nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium manganate and are very important for the production of ternary materials.
The conventional method for preparing the precursor of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate material is a controlled crystal hydroxide coprecipitation method, namely, a mixed metal hydroxide precipitate is obtained by precipitating a mixed metal salt solution and sodium hydroxide under the action of a complexing agent. The preparation method of the one-step reaction is common, the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide observed under a scanning electron microscope of the product is generally spheroidal secondary particles, is formed by agglomeration of primary particles and is a thicker lath, and is not beneficial to full reaction of a lithium source and a ternary precursor material in the process of sintering the lithium source to produce the ternary cathode material, so that the electrochemical performance of the material is influenced finally.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a precursor of a nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of a needle-shaped whisker as an active substance of a nickel cobalt manganese oxide lithium battery positive electrode material, wherein the whisker of the precursor is needle-shaped, has a loose porous internal structure and a higher specific surface area, has more contact area with a lithium source when the positive electrode material is prepared and sintered, and is beneficial to fully reacting to obtain the high-performance nickel cobalt manganese oxide positive electrode material; the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker has a loose and porous structure, so that a sintered positive electrode material contains more pores, the contact area with an electrolyte is obviously improved, the number of lithium ion transmission channels is increased, the infiltration of the electrolyte is facilitated, and the diffusion path of lithium ions is shortened; meanwhile, the volume change of the anode active material in the charging and discharging process can be buffered, the effect of stabilizing the structure is achieved, and the electrochemical properties such as the rate capability, the cycle performance and the like of the lithium ion battery are effectively improved.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped crystal whisker, the method continuously adjusts the oxygen content in the reaction kettle according to the solid content change in the reaction kettle, designs a unique reaction atmosphere corresponding to the oxygen content, controls the oxidation in the growth process, thereby continuously adjusting the crystal whisker thickness of the particle, enabling the crystal whisker thickness on the surface of the particle to be uniform, and the crystal whisker thickness in the particle to be radially grown, solving the problem that the traditional spherical large-particle precursor crystal whisker thickness is uncontrollable; meanwhile, the materials are transferred out in the same type of kettle to continue growing in the process, so that the waste of products and the reduction of productivity can not be caused while the solid content is controlled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle whisker is prepared with Ni as the general expressionxCoyMnz(OH)2Wherein x + y + z is 1, the value ranges of x, y and z are 0-1, and x, y and z are not equal to 0 and 1; the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker is spherical-like particles in microscopic morphology determined by a scanning electron microscope, the D50 is 6.0-20.0 mu m, Dmin is more than 3.5 mu m, Dmax is less than 30 mu m, D50/D5 is less than or equal to 1.5, Dmax/D50 is less than or equal to 2.0, the particle size distribution radial distance K90= (D90-D10)/D50 is less than or equal to 0.60 determined by a laser particle size analysis diffraction method, and the specific surface area is 8.0-25.0 m determined by a gas adsorption BET method2The tap density measured by a tap density meter is more than or equal to 1.60g/cm3。
The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker radially grows inside particles, and the cross section of the particle shot by cutting off the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure.
The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the acicular crystal whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle crystal whisker is 100-400 nm, the width of the primary particle crystal whisker is 20-150 nm, and the distance between every two more than 50% of the primary particle crystal whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the crystal whisker thickness.
The invention provides a preparation method of nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whiskers, which is realized by the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely x: y: z, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 1.2-2.7 mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.0-13.0 mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 1.0-12.0 mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing mixed gas into the reaction kettle, wherein the mixed gas is the mixture of nitrogen and air or the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen, and controlling the concentration of oxygen;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows the bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a parallel flow manner under the condition of continuous stirring for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature, the pH value and the ammonia concentration, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing to control the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration;
step 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, and gradually increasing the oxygen concentration;
step 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches a target value, transferring part of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, and controlling the oxygen concentration;
step 8, the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle continue to react and grow in the kettle, when the liquid level reaches the clearing requirement, a thickener is started to clear, the liquid level in the reaction kettle is maintained stable, the solid content in the reaction kettle gradually rises, the entering amount of mixed gas is adjusted, and the oxygen concentration is gradually increased;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
In the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, in the step 2, the volume concentration of oxygen is controlled to be less than or equal to 2%.
In the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, the pH value of the starting-up base solution in the step 3 is 11.2-12.4, and the ammonia concentration is 1.0-14.0 g/L.
In the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, in the step 4, the stirring speed is 50-600 rpm, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 50.0-70.0 ℃, the pH value is 11.2-12.4, and the ammonia concentration is 1.0-14.0 g/L.
In the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, in the step 5, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 50.0-70.0 ℃, the pH value is 10.5-11.2, and the ammonia concentration is 1.0-14.0 g/L.
In the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, in the step 6, the step 7 and the step 8, the volume concentration of oxygen changes with the change of solid content, and the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content is 0.01-30%: 100 g/L.
In the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, in the step 7, the target value of the solid content is 100-700 g/L, the proportion of the transferred materials is 10-70% of the total amount, and the number of the same type of reaction kettles is one or more.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker, the solid content in the whole synthesis reaction process is always less than or equal to 800 g/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the acicular crystal whisker has a loose porous internal structure and a higher specific surface area, the crystal whisker is acicular, when an anode material is prepared and sintered, the crystal whisker has more contact area with a lithium source, so that the high-performance nickel-cobalt-manganese acid lithium anode material can be obtained by full reaction, the obtained anode material contains more pores, the contact area with an electrolyte is obviously improved, more lithium ion transmission channels are formed, the infiltration of the electrolyte is facilitated, the diffusion path of lithium ions is shortened, the special acicular structure can buffer the volume change of the anode active material in the charging and discharging process, the effect of stabilizing the structure is achieved, and the electrochemical properties such as the rate capability, the cycle performance and the like of a lithium ion battery are effectively improved; the utility model provides a preparation method of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of needle whisker, this method is according to the change of solid content in the reation kettle, constantly adjust the oxygen content in the cauldron, design out the unique reaction atmosphere who corresponds with it, control the oxidation in the growth process, thereby constantly adjust the whisker thickness of granule, it is even to make granule surface whisker thickness, granule inside presents radial growth, the uncontrollable difficult problem of traditional spherical large granule precursor whisker thickness has been solved, and through process material part roll-out in similar cauldron continuous growth, when controlling solid content, also can not lead to the waste of product and the decline of productivity, and the operation is simple, and is suitable for the industrial production. The product of the invention can be widely applied to the sintering production of the lithium battery anode material, in particular to the sintering production of the nickel-cobalt-manganese-lithium battery anode material; the method can be widely applied to the production process of nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide, in particular to the production process of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 5000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 1;
fig. 2 is a 30000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 1;
figure 3 is a 5000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 2;
fig. 4 is a 30000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 2;
figure 5 is a 5000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 3;
fig. 6 is a 30000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 3;
figure 7 is a 5000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 4;
figure 8 is a 30000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 4;
figure 9 is a 5000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 5;
fig. 10 is a 30000-fold FESEM image of nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide of the needle whiskers prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1) is a spheroidal particle in the microscopic morphology as measured by a scanning electron microscope, and has a D50 of 15.0 μm, Dmin =8.0 μm, Dmax =24.0 μm, D50/D5=1.3, Dmax/D50=1.6, a particle size distribution pitch K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.43, and a specific surface area of 16.0m as measured by a gas adsorption BET method2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 1.95g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular crystal whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle is cut by an argon ion beam to show that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle crystal whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 260nm, the width of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 50nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle crystal whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the crystal whisker thickness. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 8: 1: 1, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 2.7mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 13.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 12.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and air into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.80 and the ammonia concentration of 5.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 300rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 60.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.80 and the ammonia concentration to be 5.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 60.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.90, and the ammonia concentration is controlled to be 5.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to clear after the liquid level meets the clear-out requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of the mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 5%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 400g/L, transferring 50% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 5%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuing the reaction growth of the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to start to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 5%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 2
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1) is a spheroidal particle in the microscopic morphology as measured by a scanning electron microscope, and has a D50 of 15.0 μm, Dmin =9.0 μm, Dmax =24.0 μm, D50/D5=1.2, Dmax/D50=1.6, a particle size distribution pitch K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.40 as measured by a laser particle size analysis diffraction method, and a specific surface area of 15.0m as measured by a gas adsorption BET method2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 1.90g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle taken by cutting the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle whisker is about 340nm, the width of the primary particle whisker is about 80nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the thickness of the whisker. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 8: 1: 1, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 2.7mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 13.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 12.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and air into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.80 and the ammonia concentration of 6.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 300rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 60.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.80 and the ammonia concentration to be 6.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 60.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.90, and the ammonia concentration is controlled to be 6.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 4.5%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 500g/L, transferring 70% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 4.5%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuing the reaction growth of the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to start to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 4.5%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 3
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1) is a spheroidal particle in the microscopic morphology as measured by a scanning electron microscope, and has a D50 of 15.0 μm, Dmin =8.0 μm, Dmax =24.0 μm, D50/D5=1.3, Dmax/D50=1.6, a particle size distribution pitch K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.43, and a specific surface area of 8.0m as measured by a gas adsorption BET method2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer 2.02g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle taken by cutting the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle whisker is about 320nm, the width of the primary particle whisker is about 110nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the thickness of the whisker. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 8: 1: 1, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 2.7mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 13.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 12.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and air into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.80 and the ammonia concentration of 4.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 300rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 60.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.80 and the ammonia concentration to be 4.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 60.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.90, and the ammonia concentration is controlled to be 4.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 2.5%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 600g/L, transferring 30% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 2.5%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuing the reaction growth of the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to start to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 2.5%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 4
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1) is a spheroidal particle in the microscopic morphology as measured by a scanning electron microscope, and has a D50 of 11.0 μm, Dmin =6.0 μm, Dmax =21.0 μm, D50/D5=1.4, Dmax/D50=1.9, a particle size distribution pitch K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.46 as measured by a laser particle size analysis diffraction method, and a specific surface area of 18.0m as measured by a gas adsorption BET method2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 1.81g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular crystal whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle is cut by an argon ion beam to show that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle crystal whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 260nm, the width of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 30nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle crystal whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the crystal whisker thickness. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 8: 1: 1, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 2.7mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 13.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 12.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and air into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.80 and the ammonia concentration of 7.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 300rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 60.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.80 and the ammonia concentration to be 7.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 60.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.90, and the ammonia concentration is controlled to be 7.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 6.5%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 700g/L, transferring 50% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 6.5%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuously reacting and growing the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 6.5%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 5
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1) is a spheroidal particle in the microscopic morphology as measured by a scanning electron microscope, and has a D50 of 15.0 μm, Dmin =8.0 μm, Dmax =26.0 μm, D50/D5=1.3, Dmax/D50=1.7, a particle size distribution pitch K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.43, and a specific surface area of 19.0m as measured by a gas adsorption BET method2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 1.85g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle taken by cutting the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle whisker is about 310nm, the width of the primary particle whisker is about 40nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the thickness of the whisker. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 6: 2: 2, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 2.1mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 3.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of the oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.50 and the ammonia concentration of 4.5 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 400rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.50 and the ammonia concentration to be 4.5g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 50.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.85, and the ammonia concentration is controlled to be 4.5 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 7.0%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 300g/L, transferring 50% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 7.0%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuously reacting and growing the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 7.0%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 6
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1), the microscopic morphology of which was determined by a scanning electron microscope as a spheroidal particle, D50 was determined by a laser particle size analysis diffraction method as 6.0. mu.m, Dmin = 3.6. mu.m, Dmax = 11.0. mu.m, D50/D5=1.5, Dmax/D50=1.8, the particle size distribution pitch K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.60, and the specific surface area was determined by a gas adsorption BET method as 25.0m2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 1.65g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular crystal whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle taken by cutting the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle crystal whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 100nm, the width of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 20nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle crystal whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the crystal whisker thickness. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 6: 2: 2, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 2.1mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 3.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of the oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.50 and the ammonia concentration of 1.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 400rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.50 and the ammonia concentration to be 1.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 50.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.85, and the ammonia concentration is 1.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 15.0%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 200g/L, transferring 50% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 15.0%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuing the reaction growth of the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to start to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 15.0%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 7
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the acicular crystal whisker is determined to be spheroidal particles by a scanning electron microscope,20.0 μm in D50, Dmin =11.5 μm, Dmax =29.5 μm, D50/D5=1.3, Dmax/D50=1.5, particle size distribution span K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.58, and 8.0m in specific surface area as measured by gas adsorption BET method2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 2.15g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular crystal whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle taken by cutting the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle crystal whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 400nm, the width of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 150nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle crystal whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the crystal whisker thickness. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 5: 2: 3, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 1.2mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 1.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of the oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.30 and the ammonia concentration of 14.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 250rpm for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 57.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.30 and the ammonia concentration to be 14.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is 57.0 ℃, the pH is 10.5, and the ammonia concentration is 14.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to clear after the liquid level meets the clear-out requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of the mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 5.5%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 100g/L, transferring 50% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 5.5%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuously reacting and growing the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 5.5%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
Example 8
Has a chemical formula of Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-like whisker of (1), the microscopic morphology of which was determined by scanning electron microscopy as spheroidal particles, D50 of 10.0 μm, Dmin =5.0 μm, Dmax =18.0 μm, D50/D5=1.3, Dmax/D50=1.8, particle size distribution radius K90= (D90-D10)/D50=0.40, determined by laser particle size analysis diffraction method, gas adsorption BET method determination tableArea of 18.0m2(g), tap density measured by tap densitometer is 1.85g/cm3The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particles of the acicular crystal whisker grow radially, the cross section of the particle taken by cutting the particles through an argon ion beam shows that the particles have a loose and porous internal structure, the shape of the primary particle crystal whisker is acicular, the length of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 300nm, the width of the primary particle crystal whisker is about 80nm, and the distance between every two more than 50 percent of the primary particle crystal whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the crystal whisker thickness. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely 5: 2: 3, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 1.2mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.0mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 1.0mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen into the reaction kettle, and controlling the volume concentration of the oxygen to be less than or equal to 2%;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows a bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid with the pH value of 11.30 and the ammonia concentration of 5.0 g/L;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a cocurrent flow manner under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 250rpm to react, controlling the reaction temperature to be 57.0 ℃, the pH value to be 11.30 and the ammonia concentration to be 5.0g/L, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing controlling the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration, wherein the reaction temperature is 57.0 ℃, the pH is 10.5, and the ammonia concentration is 5.0 g/L;
and 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 12.5%: 100 g/L;
and 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches 400g/L, transferring 10% of the total amount of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, and controlling the ratio of the volume concentration of oxygen to the solid content to be 12.5%: 100 g/L;
and 8, continuously reacting and growing the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle in the kettle, starting a thickener to clear after the liquid level meets the clearing requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the entering amount of mixed gas, gradually increasing the oxygen concentration, wherein the oxygen volume concentration is increased along with the increase of the solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 12.5%: 100 g/L;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.

Claims (11)

1. The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped crystal whisker is characterized in that the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped crystal whisker is represented by the general formula NixCoyMnz(OH)2Wherein x + y + z is 1, the value ranges of x, y and z are 0-1, and x, y and z are not equal to 0 and 1; the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker is spherical-like particles in microscopic morphology determined by a scanning electron microscope, and the D50 is 6.0-20.0 mu m, Dmin is more than 3.5 mu m, Dmax is less than 30 mu m, D50/D5 is less than or equal to 1.5, Dmax/D50 is less than or equal to 2.0, particle size distribution radial distance K90= (D90-D10)/D50 is less than or equal to 0.60, and gas is measured by a laser particle size analysis diffraction methodThe specific surface area measured by a bulk adsorption BET method is 8.0-25.0 m2The tap density measured by a tap density meter is more than or equal to 1.60g/cm3。
2. The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle interior exhibits radial growth, and a cross section taken by cutting the particle with an argon ion beam shows that the particle exhibits a loose porous interior structure.
3. The nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the acicular whisker according to claim 1, wherein the primary particle whisker morphology of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide particle is acicular, the length of the primary particle whisker is 100-400 nm, the width of the primary particle whisker is 20-150 nm, and the distance between every two more than 50% of the primary particle whiskers is 0.5-3.5 times of the whisker thickness.
4. The preparation method of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle-shaped whisker is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, according to the mole ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese elements in the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needed needle-shaped crystal whisker, namely x: y: z, selecting soluble salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials, adding pure water to prepare a mixed metal salt solution with the concentration of 1.2-2.7 mol/L, preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.0-13.0 mol/L, and preparing ammonia water with the concentration of 1.0-12.0 mol/L as a complexing agent;
step 2, opening a jacket of the reaction kettle for water inlet and water return, introducing mixed gas into the reaction kettle, wherein the mixed gas is the mixture of nitrogen and air or the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen, and controlling the concentration of oxygen;
step 3, adding pure water into the reaction kettle until the pure water overflows the bottom layer stirring paddle, and then adding the sodium hydroxide solution and the ammonia water prepared in the step 1 to form a reaction starting bottom liquid;
step 4, adding the mixed metal salt solution prepared in the step 1, a sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a parallel flow manner under the condition of continuous stirring for reaction, controlling the reaction temperature, the pH value and the ammonia concentration, and forming seed crystals in the reaction kettle;
step 5, continuing feeding according to the step 4, reducing the reaction pH when the seed crystal amount in the reaction kettle reaches the target requirement, and continuing to control the reaction temperature and the ammonia concentration;
step 6, continuing feeding according to the step 5, starting a thickener to start to discharge clear after the liquid level meets the clear discharge requirement, maintaining the liquid level in the reaction kettle to be stable, gradually increasing the solid content in the reaction kettle, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, and gradually increasing the oxygen concentration;
step 7, after the solid content in the reaction kettle reaches a target value, transferring part of the materials to the same type of reaction kettle, closing a thickener to reduce the solid content, adjusting the inlet amount of mixed gas, and controlling the oxygen concentration;
step 8, the residual materials and the materials transferred into the same type of reaction kettle continue to react and grow in the kettle, when the liquid level reaches the clearing requirement, a thickener is started to clear, the liquid level in the reaction kettle is maintained stable, the solid content in the reaction kettle gradually rises, the entering amount of mixed gas is adjusted, and the oxygen concentration is gradually increased;
step 9, repeating the step 7 and the step 8 according to the requirement;
step 10, stopping feeding the reaction kettle when the particle size of the materials in the reaction kettle is detected to meet the required requirements, and continuing stirring and aging for 1-2 hours;
step 11, performing solid-liquid separation on the aged material obtained in the step 10, washing the separated filter cake with a potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution, and washing with pure water to obtain a washed filter cake;
and 12, drying the filter cake washed in the step 11 by using drying equipment, and sequentially sieving and demagnetizing to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker.
5. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whiskers according to claim 4, wherein in the step 2, the volume concentration of oxygen is controlled to be less than or equal to 2%.
6. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker according to claim 4, wherein the starting-up base solution in the step 3 has a pH value of 11.2-12.4 and an ammonia concentration of 1.0-14.0 g/L.
7. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of the needle whisker according to claim 4, wherein in the step 4, the stirring speed is 50-600 rpm, the reaction temperature is 50.0-70.0 ℃, the pH value is 11.2-12.4, and the ammonia concentration is 1.0-14.0 g/L.
8. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle whisker according to claim 4, wherein in the step 5, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 50.0-70.0 ℃, the pH is controlled to be 10.5-11.2, and the ammonia concentration is controlled to be 1.0-14.0 g/L.
9. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whisker according to claim 4, wherein in the step 6, the step 7 and the step 8, the oxygen volume concentration is changed along with the change of solid content, and the ratio of the oxygen volume concentration to the solid content is 0.01% -30%: 100 g/L.
10. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle whisker according to claim 4, wherein in the step 7, the target value of solid content is 100-700 g/L, the proportion of transfer materials is 10-70% of the total amount, and the number of reaction kettles of the same type is one or more.
11. The method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whiskers, according to claim 4, is characterized in that the solid content in the whole synthesis reaction process is no more than 800g/L all the time.
CN202010572407.7A 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 Nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide of needle-shaped whisker and preparation method thereof Pending CN111717941A (en)

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