CN111716152B - Shipboard hole opening measuring and positioning method - Google Patents

Shipboard hole opening measuring and positioning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111716152B
CN111716152B CN202010375458.0A CN202010375458A CN111716152B CN 111716152 B CN111716152 B CN 111716152B CN 202010375458 A CN202010375458 A CN 202010375458A CN 111716152 B CN111716152 B CN 111716152B
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measuring
plate
positioning
threaded
screw rod
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CN111716152A (en
Inventor
陈曦春
夏杰
沈轶麟
张治�
张小辉
王瑾
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Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd
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Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
    • B25H7/00—Marking-out or setting-out work
    • B25H7/04—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking
    • B25H7/045—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking characterised by constructional details of the marking elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method, which comprises the following steps: calculating the distance between the center of the shipboard opening and a structural platform according to a drawing; secondly, manufacturing a special topside drilling measurement positioning tool, and installing the topside drilling measurement positioning tool on a structural platform; adjusting the heights of the measuring plate and the transverse horizontal seat through a threaded screw rod, and measuring through a laser range finder to enable the distance between the lower end face of the transverse horizontal seat and the structural platform to be the same as the value obtained through calculation in the step one; and step four, starting the laser infrared instrument on the transverse horizontal seat, irradiating the broadside and making a mark point, namely the height of the broadside opening. The invention has convenient operation, strong reliability, repeated use and high measuring and positioning accuracy, improves the working efficiency of perforating and positioning and overcomes the defects of the prior measuring and positioning.

Description

Shipboard hole opening measuring and positioning method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship construction, and particularly relates to a shipboard hole opening measuring and positioning method.
Background
With the development and application of the construction technology in the ship field, and the development of advanced ship construction technology, precision ship construction management and the like, the requirement on the positioning precision of ship side opening is higher and higher.
The method mainly comprises two types of hole-opening positioning methods which are widely used at present, namely, firstly, a marker post is erected on each platform, and then a horizontal pipe and other auxiliary tools are used for measuring and positioning the height of the hole; and secondly, positioning the opening by using tools such as a ruler, a level and the like by taking the platform as the reference height. The two height positioning methods have the defects of complicated steps, long operation time and low measurement precision, have high requirement on the skill of an operator, cannot meet the precision requirement of ship construction, seriously influence the installation quality of subsequent equipment, and cannot meet the actual requirements of design and production particularly when facing the broadside curve of a deep V-shaped ship body.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method, the method adopts the specially-made marine broadside opening measuring and positioning tool, can be repeatedly used on different ship types, has low requirement on measuring environment, high measuring precision and convenient and quick measuring process, and improves the working efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the distance between the center of the shipboard opening and a structural platform according to a drawing;
secondly, manufacturing a special topside drilling measurement positioning tool, and installing the topside drilling measurement positioning tool on a structural platform; the marine topside tapping measuring and positioning tool comprises a measuring upright post, a threaded screw rod, an upper bearing, a lower bearing, a threaded sliding block, a measuring plate, a transverse horizontal seat, a horizontal base, a laser range finder and a laser infrared instrument; the measuring upright post is of a hollow square steel structure, an upper bearing is embedded in the middle of an upper sealing plate of the measuring upright post, a lower bearing is embedded in the middle of a lower sealing plate, one end of the threaded screw rod is arranged in the lower bearing, the other end of the threaded screw rod penetrates through the upper bearing and is arranged outside the measuring upright post, and the threaded sliding block is arranged inside the measuring upright post and is in threaded connection with the threaded screw rod; a first limiting longitudinal groove is formed in one side of the measuring upright column, a second limiting longitudinal groove is formed in the side, opposite to the first limiting longitudinal groove, of the measuring upright column, one end of the transverse horizontal seat is fixedly connected with the threaded sliding block, the other end of the transverse horizontal seat penetrates through the first limiting longitudinal groove, one end of the measuring plate is connected with the threaded sliding block, the other end of the measuring plate penetrates through the second limiting longitudinal groove, and the laser infrared instrument is installed on the transverse horizontal seat; the laser range finder is arranged on the horizontal base and located under the measuring plate, and a laser emission point of the laser range finder and the lower end face of the measuring plate located on the outer side part of the measuring upright are located at the same horizontal height.
Adjusting the heights of the measuring plate and the transverse horizontal seat through a threaded screw rod, and measuring through a laser range finder to enable the distance between the lower end face of the transverse horizontal seat and the structural platform to be the same as the value obtained through calculation in the step one;
step four, starting a laser infrared instrument on the transverse horizontal seat, irradiating the broadside and making a mark point, namely the height of the broadside opening;
and fifthly, measuring two points in the same structural area, taking the two points as transverse positioning lines, drawing a longitudinal positioning line in the longitudinal distance by combining the rib position numbers, wherein the intersection point of the transverse positioning line and the longitudinal positioning line is the center of the porthole.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the longitudinal section of the threaded sliding block is T-shaped, the transverse section of the threaded sliding block is circular, two parallel webs are installed on the outer side of the threaded sliding block, and the transverse horizontal seat is installed between the two webs.
As a preferable technical scheme, a side toggle plate is arranged between the two webs, the measuring plate is L-shaped, and one side of the measuring plate is connected with the toggle plate through an inner hexagon bolt.
As a preferable technical scheme, a measuring base box is arranged on the horizontal base, and the laser range finder is installed in the measuring base box.
As a preferable technical scheme, the threads on the threaded screw rod and the threaded sliding block are double-thread threads.
According to the preferable technical scheme, a pressing plate is arranged on the upper end face of the upper sealing plate, and a through hole for the threaded screw rod to penetrate through is formed in the pressing plate.
As a preferable technical scheme, one end of the threaded screw rod, which is positioned on the outer side of the measuring vertical plate, is connected with a hand disc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention has convenient operation, strong reliability, repeated use and high measuring and positioning accuracy, improves the working efficiency of perforating and positioning and overcomes the defects of the prior measuring and positioning.
(2) The invention combines the laser range finder and the laser infrared instrument to achieve the effect of accurate positioning of the vertical surface body, and the positioning height is adjusted greatly or slightly by the principle of movement of the screw rod and the sliding block, thereby not only meeting the requirements of quick and efficient production, but also achieving the effect of accurate fine adjustment.
(3) Compared with the traditional positioning mode of finding the horizontal height by using a height marker post and using tools such as a horizontal tube and the like, the positioning method is more convenient and quicker, and is not influenced by precision errors caused by factors such as the perpendicularity of the marker post and bubbles in the horizontal tube.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the shipboard drilling measurement and positioning tool.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of a measuring column in the marine topside drilling measuring and positioning tool.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of a measuring column in the marine topside drilling measuring and positioning tool.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a threaded slider in the marine topside drilling measurement and positioning tool.
Fig. 5 is one of the usage state diagrams of the marine topside drilling measurement and positioning tool of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a second usage state diagram of the marine topside drilling measurement and positioning tool of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are specified as follows: the device comprises a measuring upright post 1, an upper sealing plate 2, a lower sealing plate 3, an upper bearing 4, a lower bearing 5, a threaded lead screw 6, a hand disc 7, a pressing plate 8, a threaded sliding block 9, a web plate 10, a side toggle plate 11, a transverse horizontal seat 12, a measuring plate 13, a horizontal base 14, a measuring base box 15, a first limiting longitudinal groove 16, a second limiting longitudinal groove 17, a laser range finder 18, a laser infrared instrument 19 and a structural platform 20.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The embodiment provides a marine topside trompil measures location frock, including measuring stand 1, screw lead screw 6, upper bearing 4, lower bearing 5, screw slider 9, measuring plate 13, horizontal seat 12, horizontal base 14, laser range finder 18 and laser infrared instrument 19.
The measuring upright post 1 is of a hollow square steel structure, the upper end and the lower end of the measuring upright post 1 are respectively provided with an upper sealing plate 2 and a lower sealing plate 3, the upper sealing plate 2 and the upper end of the measuring upright post 1 are mounted together in a bolt fastening mode, the lower sealing plate 3 and the lower end of the measuring upright post 1 are mounted together in a welding mode, the upper sealing plate 2 is provided with an upper bearing 4 mounting hole, and the lower sealing plate 3 is provided with a lower bearing 5 mounting hole and a threaded screw rod 6 positioning hole. The middle part of the upper sealing plate 2 of the measuring upright post 1 is embedded with an upper bearing 4, and the middle part of the lower sealing plate 3 is embedded with a lower bearing 5. The upper end face of the upper sealing plate 2 is provided with a pressing plate 8, and the pressing plate 8 is provided with a through hole for the threaded screw rod 6 to pass through.
One end of the threaded screw rod 6 is arranged in the lower bearing 5, the other end of the threaded screw rod passes through the upper bearing 4 and is arranged outside the measuring upright post 1, and the threaded sliding block 9 is arranged inside the measuring upright post 1 and is in threaded connection with the threaded screw rod 6. The threads on the threaded screw rod 6 and the threaded sliding block 9 are double-thread threads. One end of the threaded screw rod 6, which is positioned on the outer side of the measuring vertical plate, is connected with a hand disc 7, and the hand disc 7 is rotated to enable the sliding block to achieve the function of sliding up and down through the interaction of threads with the threaded screw rod 6.
One side of the measuring upright post 1 is provided with a first limiting longitudinal groove 16, one side opposite to the first limiting longitudinal groove 16 is provided with a second limiting longitudinal groove 17, one end of the transverse horizontal seat 12 is fixedly connected with the threaded slider 9, the other end of the transverse horizontal seat passes through the first limiting longitudinal groove 16, one end of the measuring plate 13 is connected with the threaded slider 9, and the other end of the measuring plate passes through the second limiting longitudinal groove 17. The longitudinal section of the threaded sliding block 9 is T-shaped, the transverse section of the threaded sliding block is circular, two parallel webs 10 are installed on the outer side of the threaded sliding block 9, and a transverse horizontal seat 12 is installed between the two webs 10. A side toggle plate 11 is arranged between the two web plates 10, a measuring plate 13 is L-shaped, and one side of the measuring plate 13 is connected with the toggle plate through an inner hexagon bolt. The threaded sliding block 9 and the web plate 10 are installed together in a bolt fastening mode; the web 10 and the transverse horizontal seat 12 are welded together, and the web 10 and the side toggle plate 11 are welded together.
The laser infrared instrument 19 is installed on the horizontal base 12, the laser emitting point of the laser range finder 18 and the lower end face of the measuring plate 13, which is located on the outer side part of the measuring column 1, are located at the same horizontal height, after the laser range finder 18 is installed, the height of the measuring plate 13 is adjusted according to the height of the laser reflecting point, and after the adjustment is completed, the laser range finder is fixed through the hexagon socket head cap screw. Horizontal base 14 is installed in the bottom of measuring stand 1, and its lower terminal surface flushes with the lower terminal surface of measuring stand 1, and laser range finder 18 is installed on horizontal base 14 and is located and measure the board 13 under, is provided with on the horizontal base 14 and measures base case 15, and laser range finder 18 installs in measuring base case 15. The measuring base box 15 and the horizontal base 14 are welded together in a welding mode; the horizontal base 14 is welded with the measuring column 1 by welding.
The embodiment provides a marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the distance between the center of the broadside opening and the structural platform 20 according to a drawing. For example: the distance between the cabin deck and the ship body base line is 4800mm, the height of the center of the opening is 5180mm, and the height of the center of the required opening is 380mm (namely 5180 and 4800 are 380mm) by taking the cabin platform as a reference value.
And step two, manufacturing a special shipboard hole measuring and positioning tool, and installing the shipboard hole measuring and positioning tool on the structural platform 20.
And step three, adjusting the heights of the measuring plate 13 and the transverse horizontal base 12 through the threaded screw rod 6, and measuring through the laser range finder 18 to enable the distance between the lower end face of the transverse horizontal base 12 and the structural platform 20 to be the same as the value obtained through calculation in the step one.
And step four, starting the laser infrared instrument 19 on the transverse horizontal seat, irradiating the broadside and making a mark point, namely the height of the broadside opening.
And fifthly, measuring two points in the same structural area, taking the two points as transverse positioning lines, drawing a longitudinal positioning line in the longitudinal distance by combining the rib position numbers, wherein the intersection point of the transverse positioning line and the longitudinal positioning line is the center of the porthole.
The marine topside drilling measuring and positioning tool can be placed on the structural platform 20 on one side, the marine topside drilling measuring and positioning tool is adjusted to the horizontal position through tools such as a horizontal ruler, the laser range finder 18 is adjusted to the central height of each drilling, the drilling can be positioned on the other side uninterruptedly, and all the hole diameters required by the other side in the region can be positioned only once. Similarly, the other side can be operated according to the method, and the method can ensure that the precision of the central height of the aperture on the same side is consistent.

Claims (7)

1. A shipboard hole opening measuring and positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the distance between the center of the shipboard opening and a structural platform according to a drawing;
secondly, manufacturing a special topside drilling measurement positioning tool, and installing the topside drilling measurement positioning tool on a structural platform; the marine topside tapping measuring and positioning tool comprises a measuring upright post, a threaded screw rod, an upper bearing, a lower bearing, a threaded sliding block, a measuring plate, a transverse horizontal seat, a horizontal base, a laser range finder and a laser infrared instrument; the measuring upright post is of a hollow square steel structure, an upper bearing is embedded in the middle of an upper sealing plate of the measuring upright post, a lower bearing is embedded in the middle of a lower sealing plate, one end of the threaded screw rod is arranged in the lower bearing, the other end of the threaded screw rod penetrates through the upper bearing and is arranged outside the measuring upright post, and the threaded sliding block is arranged inside the measuring upright post and is in threaded connection with the threaded screw rod; a first limiting longitudinal groove is formed in one side of the measuring upright column, a second limiting longitudinal groove is formed in the side, opposite to the first limiting longitudinal groove, of the measuring upright column, one end of the transverse horizontal seat is fixedly connected with the threaded sliding block, the other end of the transverse horizontal seat penetrates through the first limiting longitudinal groove, one end of the measuring plate is connected with the threaded sliding block, the other end of the measuring plate penetrates through the second limiting longitudinal groove, and the laser infrared instrument is installed on the transverse horizontal seat; the horizontal base is installed at the bottom end of the measuring upright column, the lower end face of the horizontal base is flush with the lower end face of the measuring upright column, the laser range finder is installed on the horizontal base and located right below the measuring plate, and a laser emission point of the laser range finder and the lower end face of the measuring plate located on the outer side portion of the measuring upright column are located at the same horizontal height;
adjusting the heights of the measuring plate and the transverse horizontal seat through a threaded screw rod, and measuring through a laser range finder to enable the distance between the lower end face of the transverse horizontal seat and the structural platform to be the same as the value obtained through calculation in the step one;
step four, starting a laser infrared instrument on the transverse horizontal seat, irradiating the broadside and making a mark point, namely the height of the broadside opening;
and fifthly, measuring two points in the same structural area, taking the two points as transverse positioning lines, drawing a longitudinal positioning line in the longitudinal distance by combining the rib position numbers, wherein the intersection point of the transverse positioning line and the longitudinal positioning line is the center of the porthole.
2. The marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of the threaded slider is T-shaped, the transverse section of the threaded slider is circular, two parallel webs are mounted on the outer side of the threaded slider, and the transverse horizontal seat is mounted between the two webs.
3. The marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method as recited in claim 2, wherein a side toggle plate is arranged between the two webs, the measuring plate is L-shaped, and one side of the measuring plate is connected with the toggle plate through a hexagon socket head cap screw.
4. The marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a measuring base box is provided on the horizontal base, and the laser range finder is installed in the measuring base box.
5. The marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method as recited in claim 1, wherein the threads on the threaded screw rod and the threaded slide block are double-start threads.
6. The marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pressing plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper sealing plate, and a through hole for the threaded screw rod to pass through is formed in the pressing plate.
7. The marine broadside opening measuring and positioning method as recited in claim 1, wherein one end of the threaded screw rod, which is positioned outside the measuring vertical plate, is connected with a hand disc.
CN202010375458.0A 2020-05-07 2020-05-07 Shipboard hole opening measuring and positioning method Active CN111716152B (en)

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US8567077B2 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-10-29 Raytheon Company Laser tracker system and technique for antenna boresight alignment
CN107127898B (en) * 2017-07-17 2019-02-05 平湖市金易达机械有限公司 A kind of automation drilling device
CN208257093U (en) * 2018-05-24 2018-12-18 国网四川省电力公司宜宾供电公司 A kind of light projection wire clamp perforating locator
CN209637695U (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-11-15 中国铁建电气化局集团第五工程有限公司 A kind of full-automatic tunnel punching and fixture install equipment
CN209986933U (en) * 2019-04-11 2020-01-24 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 Hole opening tool for shipboard pipe mounting hole of ship engine room
CN110220457A (en) * 2019-07-05 2019-09-10 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 The measurement method of total station detection piping aperture positioning is used in a kind of shipbuilding

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