CN111710843A - Method for manufacturing nickel cobalt lithium manganate serving as high-compaction lithium battery cathode material - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing nickel cobalt lithium manganate serving as high-compaction lithium battery cathode material Download PDF

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CN111710843A
CN111710843A CN202010591056.4A CN202010591056A CN111710843A CN 111710843 A CN111710843 A CN 111710843A CN 202010591056 A CN202010591056 A CN 202010591056A CN 111710843 A CN111710843 A CN 111710843A
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nickel cobalt
hydroxide
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nickel
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曹笃笃
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Henan Fusen New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028Positive electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing high-compaction lithium battery cathode material nickel cobalt lithium manganate, belonging to the technical field of lithium battery cathode material nickel cobalt lithium manganate, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing materials: selecting nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, battery-grade lithium carbonate and strontium hydroxide; (2) and (3) lithiation mixing: mixing the three raw materials uniformly; (3) high-temperature calcination: placing the mixed product in a high-temperature kiln for calcining; (4) and crushing the calcined product to obtain a finished product. The invention provides a method for improving the compaction of nickel cobalt lithium manganate by doping strontium hydroxide in the conventional production process, which combines the high-temperature solid-phase reaction in the production process of nickel cobalt lithium manganate, improves the grain diameter of single crystals of products, enhances the compactness of combination of all single crystals, and has higher economic usability and safety.

Description

Method for manufacturing nickel cobalt lithium manganate serving as high-compaction lithium battery cathode material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery positive electrode material nickel cobalt lithium manganate, in particular to a method for manufacturing high-compaction lithium battery positive electrode material nickel cobalt lithium manganate.
Background
The nickel cobalt lithium manganate is an important component of the lithium battery, and with the rapid development of the lithium battery industry, the old generation of cathode materials are difficult to adapt to the increasingly developed power supply requirements of portable equipment, and new cathode materials with higher compaction density, higher safety and high capacity are required to replace the original old generation of cathode materials.
At present, nickel cobalt lithium manganate has already occupied a leading position in the aspect of communication batteries, and in the field of electric tools, the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is gradually gaining in silkworm food market share due to high energy density, good charge and discharge performance, excellent cycle performance and safety performance, and the position is also increasingly important. In the field of power batteries, nickel cobalt lithium manganate is also a relatively mature lithium battery product. In view of this, the power type nickel cobalt lithium manganate has huge market demands in the fields of electric tools, electric bicycles, electric automobiles and the like, the former is mainly concentrated in the zhujiang delta, and the latter is dispersed in Shandong and Henan regions, both have the characteristics that lithium battery manufacturers are distributed in a large number, and upper and lower customers are matched, concentrated and complete, especially, the requirements of partial batteries on capacity are higher and higher, and the volume is smaller and smaller, so that the requirements on anode materials are stricter, and correspondingly, the popularization of the high-compaction nickel cobalt lithium manganate is more urgent.
In view of this, there is a need for a method for manufacturing nickel cobalt lithium manganate as a positive electrode material of a high-compaction lithium battery.
Patent document No. CN110867580A discloses a method for preparing a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide single crystal positive electrode material by doping strontium, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing precursor powder of the ternary positive electrode material, lithium carbonate powder and a fluxing agent according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder; performing primary calcination on the mixed powder at the temperature of 910-970 ℃ to obtain a primary calcined finished product; carrying out secondary calcination on the primary powder at the temperature of 780-880 ℃ to obtain a nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material; the precursor of the ternary anode material is Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2, and the fluxing agent is strontium hydroxide. The cathode material provided by the invention improves the electrochemical performance of the ternary material under high voltage by improving the structural integrity and surface properties of the cathode material, shows higher specific capacity and good cycle performance under the condition of high voltage, and can effectively solve the problems of high-temperature cycle, gas generation and the like of polycrystalline materials. However, the method has complex process and higher production cost after twice calcination, and the compacted density is not improved.
Patent document CN103715412A discloses a method for preparing nickel cobalt lithium manganate as a high voltage lithium battery cathode material. It comprises the following steps: adding nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt into a reaction kettle; adding a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and ammonia water, and reacting to generate a nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide precipitate; washing, filter-pressing and drying the precipitate to obtain nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide; ball-milling nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide and lithium salt, and uniformly mixing; sintering the mixed product to obtain nickel cobalt lithium manganate; adding magnesium acetate and zirconium acetate into deionized water to prepare a mixed solution; adding the mixed solution into an aqueous phase system of nickel cobalt lithium manganate, and drying; and (4) carrying out high-temperature treatment on the dried product to obtain a final product. The invention effectively improves the capacity performance and the cycle performance of the lithium battery anode material, but can not improve the compaction density.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, aiming at the defects of the prior art, a method for improving the compaction of nickel cobalt lithium manganate by doping strontium hydroxide in the conventional production process is provided, and has high economic usability and safety.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for manufacturing nickel cobalt lithium manganate serving as a high-compaction lithium battery positive material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: selecting nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, battery-grade lithium carbonate and strontium hydroxide;
(2) and (3) lithiation mixing: mixing the three raw materials uniformly;
(3) high-temperature calcination: placing the mixed product in a high-temperature kiln for calcining;
(4) and crushing the calcined product to obtain a finished product.
Further, in the step (1), 1Kg of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide is selected, and the mass fraction ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese is nickel: cobalt: manganese =5:2: 3.
Further, in the step (1), according to the metal content mole ratio, the ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide: the cell-grade lithium carbonate is 1: 1.05-1.15 calculating corresponding battery grade lithium carbonate.
Further, in the step (1), according to the metal content mole ratio, the ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide: the strontium hydroxide is 1: 0.003-0.005, and the corresponding strontium hydroxide is calculated.
Furthermore, in the step (3), the calcining temperature is 900-950, and the calcining time is 9-16 h.
Because of the uncertainty of the proportion of three transition metals of nickel, cobalt and manganese, the nickel cobalt lithium manganate ternary material has some basic performances, such as specific capacity, theoretical density, safety, structural stability and the like, which are changed along with the change of the three. Therefore, many researchers are also attracted to go into intensive research. However, compared with lithium cobaltate, the main defects of the material are low conductivity and low compaction density, and the material is greatly restricted from being used in a lithium ion battery with high energy density. To increase the compacted density, those skilled in the art have conducted extensive studies. For example, a patent with an authorization publication number of CN104201366B discloses a preparation method of a high-safety compact density nickel cobalt lithium manganate NCM523 ternary material. According to the high-compaction-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate NCM523 ternary material prepared by the method, a proper amount of magnesium compound is added for doping in the material sintering process, so that the single crystal particle size in the nickel cobalt lithium manganate NCM523 ternary material particles is increased, the particle compaction degree is improved, firm microstructure change is formed, and the compaction density of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate NCM523 positive electrode material is improved; using LiFePO4The surface of high-compaction-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate NCM523 particles is coated and modified to obtain LiFePO4The lithium cobalt manganese oxide lithium battery positive electrode material is a lithium electric active positive electrode material, has better safety and cycle performance than lithium cobaltate, ternary lithium manganese oxide and the like, and can solve the safety of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide lithium battery under the conditions of high temperature, overcharge and needling. For another example, patent document CN107579246A discloses a method for preparing a high-compaction lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide ternary material for a lithium ion battery, which specifically comprises: 1) preparing a small molecular oil system reaction medium; 2) mixing and dissolving nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt in the reaction medium; 3) adding an alkali source, and preparing precursor salt of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate through hydrothermal reaction; 4) mixing nickel and cobaltAnd fully mixing and calcining precursor salt of the lithium manganate and a lithium source to obtain the final nickel cobalt lithium manganate ternary product. The invention utilizes a special micromolecular oil system reaction medium, the ternary material for the lithium ion battery prepared in the reaction medium has high compaction, high capacity and good cycle performance, the preparation method is simple, the organic solvent can be repeatedly recycled, the cost is saved, the method is environment-friendly, and the large-scale production can be realized. The above-mentioned method, either adding a magnesium compound or adding an alkali source, is very complicated in operation and is in need of improvement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide material prepared by the coprecipitation method has mature technology and high cost performance and is preferred as nickel cobalt lithium manganate; however, ammonia water concentration, pH, reaction temperature, saline-alkali flow and the like in the production process of the nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide affect the formation of nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide crystal nuclei and the growth of crystals, and the phenomena of hollowness, breakage and insufficient density of partial products are easily caused due to uncontrollable process environments. Meanwhile, the material compaction of the high-capacity battery is designed to be close to the limit value of the material, and the nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide with insufficient hollowness, breakage and density directly influences the compaction density of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate produced subsequently. In consideration of various factors, strontium hydroxide is doped in the process of producing the nickel cobalt lithium manganate, and the strontium hydroxide (cosolvent) is added to combine with high-temperature solid-phase reaction in the process of producing the nickel cobalt lithium manganate, so that the grain size of a single crystal of a product is improved, and the combination tightness of all single crystals is enhanced. The high-compaction nickel cobalt lithium manganate prepared by the method has good consistency and stronger operability.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a graph of electrical performance test data for comparative examples of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of electrical performance test data for a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of electrical performance test data for example two of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
Comparative example
(1) Preparing materials: selecting 1kg of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide (nickel: cobalt: manganese =5:2: 3), and mixing the raw materials according to the metal content molar ratio of 1: 1.1 calculating the corresponding battery grade lithium carbonate;
(2) and (3) lithiation mixing: mixing the two raw materials uniformly;
(3) high-temperature calcination: placing the mixed product in a high-temperature kiln for calcination, wherein the calcination temperature is 900-950, and the calcination time is 9-16 h;
(4) and crushing the calcined product to obtain a finished product.
Example one
(1) Preparing materials: selecting 1kg of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide (nickel: cobalt: manganese =5:2: 3), and mixing the raw materials according to the metal content molar ratio of 1: 1.1 and 1:0.003 respectively calculating corresponding battery grade lithium carbonate and strontium hydroxide;
(2) and (3) lithiation mixing: mixing the three raw materials uniformly;
(3) high-temperature calcination: placing the mixed product in a high-temperature kiln for calcination, wherein the calcination temperature is 900-950, and the calcination time is 14 h;
(4) and crushing the calcined product to obtain a finished product.
Example two
(1) Preparing materials: selecting 1kg of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide (nickel: cobalt: manganese =5:2: 3), and mixing the raw materials according to the metal content molar ratio of 1: 1.1 and 1:0.005 respectively calculating corresponding battery grade lithium carbonate and strontium hydroxide;
(2) and (3) lithiation mixing: mixing the three raw materials uniformly;
(3) high-temperature calcination: placing the mixed product in a high-temperature kiln for calcination, wherein the calcination temperature is 900-950, and the calcination time is 14 h;
(4) and crushing the calcined product to obtain a finished product.
Comparative examples and examples the test parameters are given in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 compaction Density test parameters
Figure 770428DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The compacted density after passing through a double-roller machine is as follows: comparative example: 3.61g/cm, EXAMPLE I: 3.68g/cm, example two: 3.75 g/cm.
The electrical property test data and the graph are shown in the attached drawing of the specification. The following conclusions are drawn through comparison of detection data:
through electrical property tests, the comparison between the example II and the example I and the comparative example with doping ratios of 1:0.003 and 1:0.005 respectively shows that the strontium hydroxide additive has little influence on the electrical property; through a compaction density test, the doping ratio of example two is 1:0.003 and 1:0.005, and the doping ratio of example one and the comparison of the comparison are respectively 1.94% higher than that of the comparison, and 3.88% higher than that of the comparison of example two.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for manufacturing nickel cobalt lithium manganate serving as a high-compaction lithium battery positive material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: selecting nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, battery-grade lithium carbonate and strontium hydroxide;
(2) and (3) lithiation mixing: mixing the three raw materials uniformly;
(3) high-temperature calcination: placing the mixed product in a high-temperature kiln for calcining;
(4) and crushing the calcined product to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for manufacturing the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide as the positive electrode material of the high-compaction lithium battery as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), 1Kg of nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide is selected, and the mass fraction ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese is as follows: cobalt: manganese =5:2: 3.
3. The method for manufacturing the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide as the positive electrode material of the high-compaction lithium battery as set forth in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), according to the metal content molar ratio, the nickel hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide and manganese hydroxide: the cell-grade lithium carbonate is 1: 1.05-1.15 calculating corresponding battery grade lithium carbonate.
4. The method for manufacturing the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide as the positive electrode material of the high-compaction lithium battery as set forth in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), according to the metal content molar ratio, the nickel hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide and manganese hydroxide: the strontium hydroxide is 1: 0.003-0.005, and the corresponding strontium hydroxide is calculated.
5. The method for manufacturing the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide as the positive electrode material of the high-compaction lithium battery as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the calcining temperature is 900-950, and the calcining time is 9-16 h.
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Cited By (2)

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CN112599763A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-02 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 Ternary single crystal positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113247963A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-08-13 湖南长远锂科股份有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction high-rate high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material

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CN112599763A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-02 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 Ternary single crystal positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113247963A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-08-13 湖南长远锂科股份有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction high-rate high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material
CN113247963B (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-09-28 湖南长远锂科股份有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction high-rate high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material

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