CN111709126A - Communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling method and system - Google Patents
Communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling method, which comprises the following steps: analyzing a communication protocol, and determining a system connected with the communication protocol and the interrelation among the systems; determining the composition of the application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected with the determined communication protocol; and establishing a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the application data of the system facing the user and the interrelation between the systems. The invention also relates to a communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling system. The invention can automatically generate the test driving data, save manpower and resources and achieve the full coverage of protocol test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling method and system.
Background
Space/air loads, weaponry, etc. are generally made up of a plurality of systems, and information exchange between the systems requires the use of buses in the respective fields, such as I2C, SPI, RS232/422/485/UART, MIL-STD-1553, CAN, ARINC429, etc. The communication protocol builds data according to respective bus standards on a physical layer, a data link layer and the like, but in an application layer facing to application, because the working modes of system equipment are different, designers can not follow the uniform application standard when designing the communication protocol of the application layer, and the communication protocol can be comprehensively considered according to the requirements of system information interaction. The protocol without the standard format is tested, a large amount of manpower and resources are consumed, the obtained test effect is not satisfactory, and the full coverage of the protocol test cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a method and a system for automatically generating and modeling test driving data of a communication protocol, which can automatically generate the test driving data, save manpower and resources, and achieve sufficient coverage of protocol testing.
The invention provides a communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling method, which comprises the following steps: a. analyzing a communication protocol, and determining a system connected with the communication protocol and the interrelation among the systems; b. determining the composition of the application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected with the determined communication protocol; c. and establishing a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the application data of the system facing the user and the interrelation between the systems.
Wherein the communication protocol comprises: a serial interface communication protocol and/or a parallel interface communication protocol.
The step b specifically comprises the following steps:
when the minimum data element in the communication protocol is a binary bit of a computer, a plurality of data elements are treated as a plurality of values of one data element.
The communication protocol storage structure model comprises: each independent data package model, a data element classification attribute and data element relation attribute association model, a data element value taking model, a repeated data element model, a data element value characteristic model and a data element model expressed by bits.
Each independent data packet model comprises: classifying the attributes of the independent data elements, decomposing the serial port communication protocol into data element representations, wherein the attribute of each data element comprises: the data element occupation byte starting sequence number, the data element occupation byte ending sequence number, the data element occupation byte width, the bit starting sequence number, the bit ending sequence number, the bit width, the data element name, the data element classification, the data element relation, the data element value and the value characteristic.
The data element classification attribute model comprises: the data element classification attributes are divided into 11 types of frame head, frame tail, address code, command code, parameter, state, accumulation sum check, exclusive or sum check, CRC8 check, CRC16 check and CRC32 check.
The data element classification attribute and data element relation attribute association model comprises the following steps: defining the relationships among the elements as follows according to classification attributes: if the data element classification attribute is an address code, the data element classification attribute is in a product relationship with the relationship attribute between other data elements; if the data element classification attribute is a check code, the relationship attribute of the data element classification attribute and other data elements is the byte sequence numbers of the start and the end of the bytes participating in the check, and the middle is separated by a half-angle English comma.
The data element value model comprises: the value content of the data elements is represented in hexadecimal mode, the high byte is in the front, namely the left side, the high bit is in the front, when the value of the data elements is a continuous value, a default value is given in the value column of the data elements, a reasonable value range is given in the value range column of the data elements, and a mathematical conventional open-close interval expression mode is adopted.
The data element value characteristic model comprises: the data element value characteristic attribute comprises: 0-repeated with the value of the preamble data element; 1-a unique legal value; x-the data element repetition value, the number of the first data element repetition values is x; null-continuous values.
The invention provides a communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling system, which comprises a communication protocol analysis module, an application data composition module and a storage structure model establishment module, wherein the communication protocol analysis module comprises: the communication protocol analysis module is used for analyzing a communication protocol and determining a system connected with the communication protocol and the correlation between the systems; the application data composition module is used for determining the composition of the application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected with the determined communication protocol; the storage structure model establishing module is used for establishing a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the application data of the system facing the user and the interrelation between the systems.
The invention analyzes the data and the interaction relation in the communication type interface communication protocol, establishes a completely described model for various interaction relations of the communication protocol, designs the communication protocol into a data storage structure based on the model, and achieves the purpose of automatically generating the test driving data through a test driving data calculation algorithm. The invention saves a large amount of manpower and resources, obtains satisfactory testing effect and achieves the full coverage of protocol testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a communication protocol test driver data automatic generation modeling method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the hardware architecture of the communication protocol test driver data automatic generation modeling system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the method for automatically generating and modeling the test driving data of the communication protocol according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Step S1, analyzing the communication protocol, and determining the systems connected by the communication protocol and the interrelation between the systems: from the top level, several systems are involved in the analysis communication protocol, and the data transceiving relation between the systems, that is, which system has a relation with which system and what relation has what relation is analyzed macroscopically. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the communication protocol of the embodiment of the invention is an interface communication protocol, which comprises the following steps: a serial interface communication protocol and/or a parallel interface communication protocol. The serial interface communication protocol can be a synchronous serial interface communication protocol or an asynchronous serial interface communication protocol; the parallel interface communication protocol may be a synchronous parallel interface communication protocol or an asynchronous parallel interface communication protocol. The following description will be made by taking a serial interface communication protocol as an example.
Analyzing the serial interface communication protocol, and determining the system connected by the serial interface communication protocol and the interrelation between the systems. The method specifically comprises the following steps: analyzing a serial interface communication protocol requirement document, wherein the serial interface communication protocol requirement document describes the data format of the serial interface communication protocol and the relationship between systems, such as the period of sending the data in which format, the period of receiving the data of other systems, and the like.
The interface communication protocol is a data transmission requirement for connecting a plurality of systems or a plurality of subsystems, and the data content of the interface communication protocol is top-level data constraint oriented to an application.
The interface communication protocol is suitable for the constraint of data transmission between systems and also suitable for the constraint of data transmission between subsystems in a single system.
Interface communication protocol test driver data generation for a system under test, the system under test is the system that receives the data in the communication protocol.
The generation of the interface communication protocol test driving data aims at the tested system, and when the system sending data in the communication protocol needs to be tested, the modeling method of the invention can also be applied.
Step S2, determining the composition of the application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected by the determined communication protocol. That is, the composition of data elements within a data packet of a system to which the communication protocol is connected is specifically analyzed. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
since the present embodiment only addresses the communication protocol of the application layer, the standard requirements of the physical layer and the data link layer of the communication protocol are eliminated, and only the data for the user application is addressed.
The data items involved in the communication protocol are analyzed and described, the communication protocol of the application layer is composed of data elements, the minimum element of the communication protocol is a binary bit (bit) of a computer, and bytes (Byte), words, multiple words and the like are formed by the bit, so that the most basic communication data packet is formed. In different bus protocol descriptions, the basic elements describing the data packets are different, for example, in the RS232/422/485/UART bus protocol, the basic elements are often described in bytes; in the MIL-STD-1553 bus protocol, a doubleword is often used as a basic element. For modeling unified specifications, the basic constituent elements of a data packet are assumed to be bytes.
For this reason, if the minimum element in the communication protocol is a binary bit of the computer, a plurality of such data elements are treated as a plurality of values of one data element. When modeling is carried out according to bytes and words, the method can cause certain data elements to be regarded as a plurality of values when the data elements are only represented by binary bits of 1 bit or a plurality of bits and are not represented by the whole bytes. Such as: one byte has 8 bits, the high four bits indicate 'on', the low 4 bits indicate 'off', and the byte is regarded as having two values.
And step S3, establishing a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the application data of the system facing the user and the interrelation between the systems. That is, the composition of the system user-oriented application data is saved in a specific format that facilitates the next automated generation of test data. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
in order to store the communication protocol clearly and conveniently, the storage of the communication protocol is established into the following seven models, and the seven models are utilized to analyze the composition of the communication protocol together.
The first model is: each independent data packet model
For the automatic generation of subsequent test driving data, the attributes of independent data elements are classified, a serial port communication protocol is decomposed into data elements to be represented, and the attribute of each data element comprises the following components: 11 attributes such as a data element occupied byte starting sequence number (starting from 1), a data element occupied byte ending sequence number, a data element occupied byte width, a bit starting sequence number (starting from 0), a bit ending sequence number, a bit width, a data element name, a data element classification, a data element relation, a data element value and a value characteristic. Storing the attributes of the data elements in a spreadsheet as column names of the spreadsheet.
The second model is as follows: data element classification attribute model
The data element classification attributes are divided into 11 categories of a frame header, a frame trailer, an address code, a command code, a parameter, a status, an accumulation sum check, an exclusive or sum check, a CRC8 check, a CRC16 check and a CRC32 check, and each data element necessarily belongs to one category.
The third model is as follows: data element classification attribute and data element relation attribute association model
Defining the relationships among the elements as follows according to classification attributes:
if the data element classification attribute is an address code, the data element classification attribute is in a product relationship with the relationship attribute of other data elements; if the data element classification attribute is a check code, the relationship attribute of the data element classification attribute and other data elements is the byte sequence numbers of the start and the end of bytes participating in the check, and a half-angle English comma and a separation are used in the middle; except for the address code, if the relationship attribute between other data elements has a product relationship, the relationship is labeled as "product N", where N represents the number of groups having the product relationship, i.e., the natural number starting from 1.
The fourth model is as follows: data element value model
The data element value content is represented in hexadecimal, the high byte is at the front, namely on the left side, the high bit is at the front, namely on the left side, and discrete values need to be listed. And when the value of the data element is a continuous value, giving a default value in the value column of the data element, giving a reasonable value range in the value range column of the data element, and adopting a mathematical conventional open-close interval expression mode.
The fifth model is as follows: repeating data element model
When the data elements have various discrete quantity values, the discrete values are displayed and expressed in the data table respectively, one row of the data table is occupied, and the data elements are automatically marked to repeatedly occupy the same data element in a value characteristic column.
The sixth model is as follows: data element value feature model
The data element value characteristic attribute comprises: 0-repeated with the value of the preamble data element; 1-a unique legal value; x-the data element repetition value, the number of the first data element repetition values is x; null-continuous values.
The seventh model: bit-represented data element model
When a data element is composed of bits, the data is converged into one byte or a plurality of bytes for transmission in a communication protocol, and in this embodiment, when M types of states can be synthesized into one byte or a plurality of bytes, M types of data elements are processed according to one data element, which is equivalent to that M different discrete values exist for the data element. M is a natural number starting from 1.
Referring to fig. 2, a diagram of the hardware architecture of the communication protocol test driver data automatic generation modeling system 10 according to the present invention is shown. The system comprises: the system comprises a communication protocol analysis module 101, an application data composition module 102 and a storage structure model building module 103.
The communication protocol analysis module 101 is configured to analyze a communication protocol, and determine a system connected to the communication protocol and a relationship between the systems: from the top level, several systems are involved in the analysis communication protocol, and the data transceiving relation between the systems, that is, which system has a relation with which system and what relation has what relation is analyzed macroscopically. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the communication protocol of the embodiment of the invention is an interface communication protocol, which comprises the following steps: a serial interface communication protocol and/or a parallel interface communication protocol. The serial interface communication protocol can be a synchronous serial interface communication protocol or an asynchronous serial interface communication protocol; the parallel interface communication protocol may be a synchronous parallel interface communication protocol or an asynchronous parallel interface communication protocol. The following description will be made by taking a serial interface communication protocol as an example.
The communication protocol analysis module 101 analyzes the serial interface communication protocol to determine the system connected by the serial interface communication protocol and the relationship between the systems. The method specifically comprises the following steps: analyzing a serial interface communication protocol requirement document, wherein the serial interface communication protocol requirement document describes the data format of the serial interface communication protocol and the relationship between systems, such as the period of sending the data in which format, the period of receiving the data of other systems, and the like.
The interface communication protocol is a data transmission requirement for connecting a plurality of systems or a plurality of subsystems, and the data content of the interface communication protocol is top-level data constraint oriented to an application.
The interface communication protocol is suitable for the constraint of data transmission between systems and also suitable for the constraint of data transmission between subsystems in a single system.
Interface communication protocol test driver data generation for a system under test, the system under test is the system that receives the data in the communication protocol.
The generation of the interface communication protocol test driving data aims at the tested system, and when the system sending data in the communication protocol needs to be tested, the modeling method of the invention can also be applied.
The application data composition module 102 is configured to determine composition of application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected by the determined communication protocol. That is, the application data composition module 102 specifically analyzes the composition of data elements in a data packet of a system to which a communication protocol is connected. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
since the present embodiment only addresses the communication protocol of the application layer, the standard requirements of the physical layer and the data link layer of the communication protocol are eliminated, and only the data for the user application is addressed.
The application data composing module 102 analyzes and describes data items related to a communication protocol, the communication protocol of an application layer is composed of data elements, the minimum element of the communication protocol is a binary bit (bit) of a computer, and bytes (Byte), words, multiple words and the like are formed by the bits, so that the most basic communication data packet is composed. In different bus protocol descriptions, the basic elements describing the data packets are different, for example, in the RS232/422/485/UART bus protocol, the basic elements are often described in bytes; in the MIL-STD-1553 bus protocol, a doubleword is often used as a basic element. For modeling unified specifications, the basic constituent elements of a data packet are assumed to be bytes.
For this reason, if the minimum element in the communication protocol is a binary bit of the computer, a plurality of such data elements are treated as a plurality of values of one data element. When modeling is carried out according to bytes and words, the method can cause certain data elements to be regarded as a plurality of values when the data elements are only represented by binary bits of 1 bit or a plurality of bits and are not represented by the whole bytes. Such as: one byte has 8 bits, the high four bits indicate 'on', the low 4 bits indicate 'off', and the byte is regarded as having two values.
The storage structure model establishing module 103 is configured to establish a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the user-oriented application data of the system and the interrelation between the systems. That is, the composition of the system user-oriented application data is saved in a specific format that facilitates the next automated generation of test data. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
in order to store the communication protocol clearly and conveniently, the storage structure model building module 103 builds seven models for storing the communication protocol, and the seven models are used for analyzing the composition of the communication protocol together.
The first model is: each independent data packet model
For the automatic generation of subsequent test driving data, the attributes of independent data elements are classified, a serial port communication protocol is decomposed into data elements to be represented, and the attribute of each data element comprises the following components: 11 attributes such as a data element occupied byte starting sequence number (starting from 1), a data element occupied byte ending sequence number, a data element occupied byte width, a bit starting sequence number (starting from 0), a bit ending sequence number, a bit width, a data element name, a data element classification, a data element relation, a data element value and a value characteristic. Storing the attributes of the data elements in a spreadsheet as column names of the spreadsheet.
The second model is as follows: data element classification attribute model
The data element classification attributes are divided into 11 categories of a frame header, a frame trailer, an address code, a command code, a parameter, a status, an accumulation sum check, an exclusive or sum check, a CRC8 check, a CRC16 check and a CRC32 check, and each data element necessarily belongs to one category.
The third model is as follows: data element classification attribute and data element relation attribute association model
Defining the relationships among the elements as follows according to classification attributes:
if the data element classification attribute is an address code, the data element classification attribute is in a product relationship with the relationship attribute of other data elements; if the data element classification attribute is verification, the relationship attribute of the data element classification attribute and other data elements is the byte sequence numbers of the beginning and the end of the bytes participating in verification, and a half-angle English comma and a separation are used in the middle; except for the address code, if the relationship attribute between other data elements has a product relationship, the relationship is labeled as "product N", where N represents the number of groups having the product relationship, i.e., the natural number starting from 1.
The fourth model is as follows: data element value model
The data element value content is represented in hexadecimal, the high byte is at the front, namely on the left side, the high bit is at the front, namely on the left side, and discrete values need to be listed. And when the value of the data element is a continuous value, giving a default value in the value column of the data element, giving a reasonable value range in the value range column of the data element, and adopting a mathematical conventional open-close interval expression mode.
The fifth model is as follows: repeating data element model
When the data elements have various discrete quantity values, the discrete values are displayed and expressed in the data table respectively, one row of the data table is occupied, and the data elements are automatically marked to repeatedly occupy the same data element in a value characteristic column.
The sixth model is as follows: data element value feature model
The data element value characteristic attribute comprises: 0-repeated with the value of the preamble data element; 1-a unique legal value; x-the data element repetition value, the number of the first data element repetition values is x; null-continuous values.
The seventh model: bit-represented data element model
When a data element is composed of bits, the data is converged into one byte or a plurality of bytes for transmission in a communication protocol, and in this embodiment, when M types of states can be synthesized into one byte or a plurality of bytes, M types of data elements are processed according to one data element, which is equivalent to that M different discrete values exist for the data element. M is a natural number starting from 1.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the presently preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. analyzing a communication protocol, and determining a system connected with the communication protocol and the interrelation among the systems;
b. determining the composition of the application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected with the determined communication protocol;
c. and establishing a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the application data of the system facing the user and the interrelation between the systems.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication protocol comprises: a serial interface communication protocol and/or a parallel interface communication protocol.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said step b specifically comprises:
when the minimum data element in the communication protocol is a binary bit of a computer, a plurality of data elements are treated as a plurality of values of one data element.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the communication protocol storage fabric model comprises: each independent data package model, a data element classification attribute and data element relation attribute association model, a data element value taking model, a repeated data element model, a data element value characteristic model and a data element model expressed by bits.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein each of said independent packet models comprises:
classifying the attributes of the independent data elements, decomposing the serial port communication protocol into data element representations, wherein the attribute of each data element comprises: the data element occupation byte starting sequence number, the data element occupation byte ending sequence number, the data element occupation byte width, the bit starting sequence number, the bit ending sequence number, the bit width, the data element name, the data element classification, the data element relation, the data element value and the value characteristic.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the data element classification attribute model comprises: the data element classification attributes are divided into 11 types of frame head, frame tail, address code, command code, parameter, state, accumulation sum check, exclusive or sum check, CRC8 check, CRC16 check and CRC32 check.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the data element classification attribute and data element relationship attribute association model comprises:
defining the relationships among the elements as follows according to classification attributes: if the data element classification attribute is an address code, the data element classification attribute is in a product relationship with the relationship attribute between other data elements; if the data element classification attribute is a check code, the relationship attribute of the data element classification attribute and other data elements is the byte sequence numbers of the start and the end of the bytes participating in the check, and the middle is separated by a half-angle English comma.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the data element value model comprises:
the value content of the data elements is represented in hexadecimal mode, the high byte is in the front, namely the left side, the high bit is in the front, when the value of the data elements is a continuous value, a default value is given in the value column of the data elements, a reasonable value range is given in the value range column of the data elements, and a mathematical conventional open-close interval expression mode is adopted.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the data element value feature model comprises:
the data element value characteristic attribute comprises: 0-repeated with the value of the preamble data element; 1-a unique legal value; x-the data element repetition value, the number of the first data element repetition values is x; null-continuous values.
10. The communication protocol test driving data automatic generation modeling system is characterized by comprising a communication protocol analysis module, an application data composition module and a storage structure model building module, wherein:
the communication protocol analysis module is used for analyzing a communication protocol and determining a system connected with the communication protocol and the correlation between the systems;
the application data composition module is used for determining the composition of the application data of the system facing the user according to the system connected with the determined communication protocol;
the storage structure model establishing module is used for establishing a communication protocol storage structure model according to the determined composition of the application data of the system facing the user and the interrelation between the systems.
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