CN111707544A - FRP bar under compression and load, test device and its operation method - Google Patents
FRP bar under compression and load, test device and its operation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
FRP筋受压持荷、测试装置及其操作方法，三块钢板平行布置，四根预应力精轧螺纹钢筋依次穿过三块钢板；中间钢板与右侧钢板之间夹持固定带有两个粘结套筒的FRP筋，所述圆套筒夹持固定于中间钢板与左侧钢板之间，左侧钢板、右侧钢板的外侧端分别设有用于与对应预应力精轧螺纹钢筋旋接的精轧螺母。将应变片贴在圆套筒的外表面，应变片通过连接导线与电阻应变仪相连接，可以完成受压持荷试验。对于FRP筋受压测试装置，在持荷装置的基础上加上正方形钢板和拉拔仪。本发明简化了试验装置，降低了长期持荷需占用大量荷载传感器的成本问题。
FRP bar under compression and load, test device and operation method, three steel plates are arranged in parallel, four prestressed finishing threaded steel bars pass through the three steel plates in turn; two clamping and fixing belts between the middle steel plate and the right steel plate The FRP bars of the bonding sleeve are clamped and fixed between the middle steel plate and the left steel plate, and the outer ends of the left steel plate and the right steel plate are respectively provided with corresponding prestressed finishing threaded steel bars of finishing nuts. The strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the circular sleeve, and the strain gauge is connected with the resistance strain gauge through the connecting wire, and the pressure and load test can be completed. For the FRP bar compression test device, a square steel plate and a puller are added on the basis of the load-holding device. The invention simplifies the test device and reduces the cost problem that a large number of load sensors are required for long-term load holding.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于土木工程测试技术领域，具体涉及FRP筋受压持荷、测试装置及其操作方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering testing, and in particular relates to an FRP bar under pressure and load, a testing device and an operation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
纤维增强复合材料（FRP）具有轻质、高强、抗疲劳、耐腐蚀、可设计和易加工等多种优点，可以替代钢材增强混凝土结构。Fiber reinforced composites (FRP) have many advantages such as light weight, high strength, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, designability and easy processing, and can replace steel reinforced concrete structures.
FRP是以连续纤维为增强体、聚合物树脂为基体，经过浸润、固化等工序制备而成的新型复合材料。FRP由三部分组成：连续纤维、树脂基体以及纤维／树脂界面。其中，连续纤维均匀分散在树脂基体中，借由树脂基体的联系协同受力。FRP筋的拉挤成型工艺是在牵引机的拉力作用下，连续纤维纱束依次经过浸胶、表面处理、预成型、固化成型和切割等步骤最后得到FRP筋制品。此外，通过混杂设计，陆续开发了混杂纤维复合筋（简称HFRP）和钢-连续纤维复合筋（简称SFCB）等新型纤维增强复合材料筋。FRP is a new type of composite material prepared by continuous fiber as reinforcement and polymer resin as matrix, through infiltration, curing and other processes. FRP consists of three parts: continuous fibers, resin matrix and fiber/resin interface. Among them, the continuous fibers are uniformly dispersed in the resin matrix, and are cooperatively stressed by the connection of the resin matrix. The pultrusion process of FRP bars is that under the action of the pulling force of the tractor, the continuous fiber yarn bundles are sequentially subjected to the steps of dipping, surface treatment, pre-forming, curing molding and cutting, and finally the FRP bar products are obtained. In addition, through hybrid design, new fiber reinforced composite bars such as hybrid fiber composite bars (HFRP) and steel-continuous fiber composite bars (SFCB) have been developed successively.
准确测得FRP筋的基本力学性能，尤其是处于侵蚀环境下的筋材力学性能，是将其应用于土木工程建设领域的基础。目前针对FRP筋耐久性的相关研究大多是将筋材置于侵蚀环境一段时间后直接进行力学性能测试，对于实际侵蚀环境服役状态（荷载与侵蚀服役环境耦合作用）下FRP筋材耐久性的相关研究不多。在掌握FRP筋及其增强混凝土结构短期性能的基础上，需要进一步明确其在典型应用环境下的长期耐久性能，从而为其安全、合理和规模化应用提供保障。因此，开展基于耐久性能的FRP筋试验装置的研发与应用具有重要的实用价值。Accurately measuring the basic mechanical properties of FRP bars, especially those in erosive environments, is the basis for their application in the field of civil engineering construction. At present, most of the relevant researches on the durability of FRP bars are to directly test the mechanical properties of the bars after being placed in an erosive environment for a period of time. Not much research. On the basis of mastering the short-term performance of FRP bars and their reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to further clarify their long-term durability performance in typical application environments, so as to provide guarantees for their safe, reasonable and large-scale applications. Therefore, it is of great practical value to develop and apply the FRP bar test device based on durability performance.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明针对FRP筋抗压性能的研究，提供一种FRP筋受压持荷、测试装置及其操作方法，旨在实现FRP筋材在侵蚀环境下持荷，以便测得其侵蚀环境作用后的耐久性能，主要是受压力学性能。本发明主要是采用新型的持荷装置，使用一种更加新颖的简便快捷的装置来实现FRP筋材受压持荷。将整个装置放入侵蚀环境，使FRP筋材处于荷载和侵蚀环境耦合作用状态，模拟实际侵蚀环境服役受力状态。Aiming at the research on the compressive performance of FRP bars, the present invention provides a FRP bar compressive load-holding, testing device and an operation method thereof, aiming at realizing the FRP bar material holding a load in an erosive environment, so as to measure the load-holding capacity of the FRP bar under the action of the erosive environment. Durability, mainly by pressure properties. The present invention mainly adopts a new type of load holding device, and uses a more novel, simple and quick device to realize the compression and load holding of the FRP bar. The whole device is put into the erosive environment, so that the FRP reinforcement is in the coupled action state of the load and the erosive environment, simulating the service stress state of the actual erosive environment.
本发明包含两种装置，一种是FRP筋受压持荷装置，另一种是FRP筋受压性能测试装置，本发明不需要采用单独的荷载传感器，采用内外都光圆的圆套筒外贴应变片的方法使其用做荷载传感器，简化了试验装置，降低了长期持荷需占用大量荷载传感器的成本问题。该套持荷装置操作简单，能有效的保持住压力。The present invention includes two kinds of devices, one is the FRP bar compressive and load-holding device, and the other is the FRP bar compressive performance testing device. The method of attaching the strain gauge makes it used as a load sensor, which simplifies the test device and reduces the cost problem that a large number of load sensors are required for long-term load holding. The sleeve load holding device is easy to operate and can effectively maintain the pressure.
为了实现上述目的，本发明装置使用分为持荷和测试两步骤，采用的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the device of the present invention is divided into two steps of load holding and testing, and the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
FRP筋受压持荷、测试装置，其特征是，包括一根FRP筋、两个粘结套筒、三块钢板、圆套筒、四根水平且相互平行布置的预应力精轧螺纹钢筋；两个粘结套筒分别通过灌胶固定在FRP筋的两端，三块钢板平行布置，四根预应力精轧螺纹钢筋依次穿过三块钢板；中间钢板与右侧钢板之间夹持固定带有两个粘结套筒的FRP筋，所述圆套筒夹持固定于中间钢板与左侧钢板之间，左侧钢板、右侧钢板的外侧端分别设有用于与对应预应力精轧螺纹钢筋旋接的精轧螺母，所述精轧螺母与对应的钢板之间设有钢垫圈。The FRP bar is subjected to pressure and load, and the test device is characterized in that it includes one FRP bar, two bonding sleeves, three steel plates, a circular sleeve, and four horizontally and parallel to each other. Prestressed finishing threaded steel bars; The two bonding sleeves are respectively fixed on both ends of the FRP bar by pouring glue, the three steel plates are arranged in parallel, and the four prestressed finishing threaded steel bars pass through the three steel plates in turn; the middle steel plate and the right steel plate are clamped and fixed. FRP rib with two bonding sleeves, the circular sleeve is clamped and fixed between the middle steel plate and the left steel plate, and the outer ends of the left steel plate and the right steel plate are respectively provided with corresponding prestressed finish rolling. A finishing nut to which threaded steel bars are screwed is provided with a steel washer between the finishing nut and the corresponding steel plate.
进一步的，FRP筋与粘结套筒通过内灌结构胶相连接。Further, the FRP rib and the bonding sleeve are connected by filling with structural glue.
进一步的，所述圆套筒的内、外表面均光圆，其外表面贴有应变片，应变片通过连接导线与电阻应变仪相连接，以完成受压持荷试验。具体的，持续荷载：Further, the inner and outer surfaces of the circular sleeve are both smooth, and the outer surface is attached with a strain gauge, and the strain gauge is connected with the resistance strain gauge through a connecting wire to complete the pressure and load test. Specifically, sustained loads:
通过同时旋转左侧钢板外侧的四个精轧螺母，对左侧钢板施加向内的力，带动圆套筒、粘结套筒受力，使FRP筋受压，同时右侧钢板限制了右侧粘结套筒的移动，进而实现对FRP筋的持荷；轻微旋转精轧螺母实现对荷载的微调；在试验过程中，观察电阻应变仪数值，直到达到设计的持荷值。By rotating the four finishing nuts on the outside of the left steel plate at the same time, an inward force is applied to the left steel plate, which drives the circular sleeve and the bonding sleeve to be stressed, so that the FRP bars are compressed, and the right steel plate restricts the right side. The movement of the bonding sleeve can realize the load holding of the FRP bar; slightly rotate the finishing nut to realize the fine-tuning of the load; during the test, observe the resistance strain gauge value until it reaches the designed load holding value.
进一步的，所述左侧钢板的外侧设有一块正方形钢板，所述正方形钢板与左侧钢板之间夹持有拉拔仪，以完成受压测试。四根预应力精轧螺纹钢筋穿过所述正方形钢板，且该正方形钢板的外侧端设有与预应力精轧螺纹钢筋旋接的精轧螺母。具体的，测试时：Further, a square steel plate is arranged on the outer side of the left steel plate, and a puller is clamped between the square steel plate and the left steel plate to complete the compression test. Four prestressed finish-rolled threaded steel bars pass through the square steel plate, and the outer end of the square steel plate is provided with a finish-rolled nut that is screwed with the prestressed finish-rolled threaded steel bars. Specifically, when testing:
利用拉拔仪进行加载，拉拔仪推动其右侧的钢板施加向右的力，压力通过圆套筒、粘结套筒传给FRP筋，同时右侧钢板限制了右侧粘结套筒的移动，进而实现对FRP筋施加压力，直至FRP筋被压坏；压力大小由做荷载传感器的圆套筒连接电阻应变仪测得。Loading is carried out by the drawing instrument. The drawing instrument pushes the steel plate on the right side to apply a force to the right, and the pressure is transmitted to the FRP rib through the circular sleeve and the bonding sleeve. Move, and then apply pressure to the FRP rib until the FRP rib is crushed; the pressure is measured by the circular sleeve connected to the resistance strain gauge as the load sensor.
本发明将应变片贴在圆套筒的外表面，应变片通过连接导线与电阻应变仪相连接，可以完成受压持荷试验。对于FRP筋受压测试装置，在持荷装置的基础上加上正方形钢板和拉拔仪。具体改动如下：在左侧钢板的左侧放置一个拉拔仪（拉拔仪的油缸顶住此钢板），拉拔仪左侧再加一块正方形钢板顶住，精轧螺母拧在正方形钢板外侧。In the invention, the strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the circular sleeve, and the strain gauge is connected with the resistance strain gauge through the connecting wire, so that the pressure and load-holding test can be completed. For the FRP bar compression test device, a square steel plate and a puller are added on the basis of the load-holding device. The specific changes are as follows: place a drawing instrument on the left side of the left steel plate (the cylinder of the drawing instrument supports the steel plate), add a square steel plate to the left side of the drawing instrument, and screw the finishing nut on the outside of the square steel plate.
本发明所述钢板采用不锈钢的钢材制作；在本发明中，受压持荷装置通过手拧螺母来实现对试件的加载；受压测试装置通过手动操作拉拔仪施加荷载，来实现对FRP筋材的施压；通过电阻应变仪来得到荷载。The steel plate of the present invention is made of stainless steel; in the present invention, the load-holding device under pressure realizes the loading of the test piece by screwing the nut by hand; Compression of the reinforcement; load is obtained by means of resistance strain gauges.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1.本发明提供了FRP筋受拉持荷和测试装置，其构造简单、易于操作；1. The present invention provides a FRP bar tension load and testing device, which is simple in structure and easy to operate;
2.持荷装置通过手动拧螺母来为筋材试件提供可靠、稳定的荷载，后期测试装置是通过操作拉拔仪加载，可以满足长期加载的要求，可以保证钢板平稳推进、对FRP筋材施加轴向压力；2. The load-holding device provides a reliable and stable load for the reinforced specimen by manually screwing the nut. The later test device is loaded by operating the puller, which can meet the requirements of long-term loading, and can ensure the smooth advancement of the steel plate and prevent the FRP reinforcement. Apply axial pressure;
3.不需要用到反力架即可对试件施加持续荷载，并用贴应变片的圆套筒做荷载传感器，极大的减小了加载装置所占的空间；3. The continuous load can be applied to the specimen without using a reaction force frame, and the circular sleeve with the strain gauge is used as the load sensor, which greatly reduces the space occupied by the loading device;
4.本持荷和测试装置采用耐腐性材料制作，不易锈蚀；将试件持荷后放入侵蚀环境模拟装置（如冻融试验箱、碳化箱，氯盐、硫酸盐侵蚀溶液环境等），使试件处于荷载与侵蚀环境耦合作用状态，模拟侵蚀环境服役受力状态。4. This load-holding and testing device is made of corrosion-resistant materials, which are not easy to corrode; put the test piece into an erosion environment simulation device (such as freeze-thaw test chamber, carbonization chamber, chloride salt, sulfate erosion solution environment, etc.) , so that the specimen is in the state of coupling between the load and the erosive environment, and simulates the service stress state of the erosive environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明作FRP筋受压持荷装置的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention as the FRP rib compression load-holding device;
图2为方形钢板的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of square steel plate;
图3为钢垫圈的示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic view of a steel washer;
图4为精轧螺母的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of finishing rolling nut;
图5为本发明作FRP筋受压持荷和测试装置示意图；Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the present invention as the FRP bar under compression load and test device;
图中：1为FRP筋，2为粘结套筒，3为正方形钢板，4为圆套筒，5为预应力精轧螺纹钢筋，6为钢垫圈，7为精轧螺母，8为应变片，9为电阻应变仪，10为连接导线，11为拉拔仪。In the figure: 1 is the FRP bar, 2 is the bonding sleeve, 3 is the square steel plate, 4 is the round sleeve, 5 is the prestressed finishing threaded steel bar, 6 is the steel washer, 7 is the finishing nut, and 8 is the strain gauge , 9 is a resistance strain gauge, 10 is a connecting wire, and 11 is a drawing gauge.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本发明作FRP筋材受压持荷装置，包括FRP筋1、粘结套筒2、正方形钢板3（包括左侧钢板、中间钢板、右侧钢板）、圆套筒4、预应力精轧螺纹钢筋5、钢垫圈6、精轧螺母7、应变片8、电阻应变仪9、连接导线10。所述粘结套筒2有两个，通过灌胶分别固定在FRP筋1的两端。As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention is used as a FRP reinforcing bar compressing and load-holding device, including
如图2所示，所述正方形钢板3有三块，分别设置在装置两端以及粘结套筒2与圆套筒4之间，且钢板四角设置四个圆形预留孔；所述圆套筒4内外均光圆，设置在左侧、中间正方形钢板3之间，通过贴应变片8做荷载传感器，用于测量受压试件所受荷载；所述预应力精轧螺纹钢筋5有四根，分别穿过三个正方形钢板3四角的预留孔。As shown in Figure 2, the
如图3所示，所述钢垫圈6设置在正方形钢板3与精轧螺母7之间；如图4所示，所述精轧螺母7设置在装置左侧、右侧正方形钢板3外侧，用于把预应力精轧螺纹钢筋5与左右两个正方形钢板3连接在一起。As shown in Fig. 3, the
进一步，所述正方形钢板3四角预留孔的直径大于预应力精轧螺纹钢筋5的直径。所述钢垫圈6的内直径略大于预应力精轧螺纹钢筋5的直径，外直径大于精轧螺母7的外接圆直径，所述精轧螺母7为六角螺母。Further, the diameter of the reserved holes at the four corners of the
再进一步，所述圆筒4表面贴有应变片8用做荷载传感器，应变片8通过连接导线10与电阻应变仪9相连接，持荷时圆套筒4受压，其压应变的大小可借助电阻应变仪9显示，并通过计算转换为圆套筒4所受的压力，圆套筒4处的压力即为FRP筋所受的持续荷载。Further, a
所述装置采用耐腐性不锈钢料制作，在侵蚀环境作用下耐久性不降低。The device is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material, and the durability is not reduced under the action of erosive environment.
FRP筋受压持荷试验装置，在正常使用状态的持续荷载通过同时旋转左端正方形钢板（左侧钢板）3外侧的四个精轧螺母7来实现，通过旋转精轧螺母7对左侧正方形钢板3施加向内的力，带动圆套筒4、粘结套筒2受力，使FRP筋1受压，同时右侧正方形钢板3限制了右侧粘结套筒2的移动，进而实现对FRP筋1的持荷。轻微旋转精轧螺母7实现对荷载的微调。在试验过程中，观察电阻应变仪9数值，直到达到设计的持荷值。在持荷过程中，必须保证左右两个正方形钢板面的平行。然后，将FRP筋持荷后放入侵蚀环境模拟装置（如冻融试验箱、碳化箱，氯盐、硫酸盐侵蚀溶液环境等），达到预定时长后将其取出，用于图5中的受压性能测试装置。FRP bar compression load test device, the continuous load in normal use is achieved by rotating the four finishing
实施例2Example 2
如图5所示， FRP筋受压性能测试装置，包括FRP筋1、粘结套筒2、正方形钢板3、圆套筒4、预应力精轧螺纹钢筋5、钢垫圈6、精轧螺母7、应变片8、电阻应变仪9、连接导线10、拉拔仪11。将侵蚀环境模拟装置中的持荷装置拿出，在持荷装置的基础上新增一块正方形钢板3和拉拔仪11。所述正方形钢板3新增一块，设置在装置最左侧，其左侧用钢垫圈6和精轧螺母7固定住；所述拉拔仪11设置在最左侧的两块正方形钢板3中间，用于施加压力。As shown in Figure 5, the FRP bar compressive performance testing device includes
FRP筋受压性能测试装置，测试时利用拉拔仪11进行加载，拉拔仪11推动其右侧的方形钢板3施加向右的力，压力通过圆套筒4、粘结套筒2传给FRP筋1，同时右端的正方形钢板3限制了右端粘结套筒2的移动，进而实现对FRP筋1施加压力，直至FRP筋被压坏。压力大小由做荷载传感器的圆套筒4连接电阻应变仪9测得。FRP bar compression performance testing device, the drawing
最后，本发明不限于上述实施方式，还可以在本发明实质内容的基础上进行很多变形，本领域的技术人员能够在本发明的内容基础上直接联想到的所有变形，均应认为是本发明的保护范围。Finally, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and many modifications can be made on the basis of the essential content of the present invention. All modifications that those skilled in the art can directly associate on the basis of the content of the present invention should be considered as the present invention. scope of protection.
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