CN111707195A - Photoelectric mixing-based digital coding displacement measurement method - Google Patents
Photoelectric mixing-based digital coding displacement measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111707195A CN111707195A CN201910200691.2A CN201910200691A CN111707195A CN 111707195 A CN111707195 A CN 111707195A CN 201910200691 A CN201910200691 A CN 201910200691A CN 111707195 A CN111707195 A CN 111707195A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34776—Absolute encoders with analogue or digital scales
- G01D5/34792—Absolute encoders with analogue or digital scales with only digital scales or both digital and incremental scales
Abstract
The invention relates to a digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing. Encoding is carried out on an encoding part (1), and the corresponding relation between the encoded code value and the absolute position is set; when the codes on the coding component (1) receive the irradiation of the light source component (2), the images are transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit (4) through the optical imaging transmission component (3) and converted into electric digital signals, and the digital signals are decoded by the data demodulation unit (5) to obtain the current absolute position of the coding component (1); the change of the absolute position of the coding member (1) is analyzed to obtain the displacement of the coding member. The invention can realize the measurement of angular and linear displacement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing.
Background
The sensor plays an important role in the fields of national defense equipment and industrial production, and various displacement measuring sensors with large measuring range, high measuring precision and low production cost are required in different occasions.
Various sensors in the existing market have respective characteristics and defects. For example, the electromagnetic sensor adopts an electrodynamic induction measuring method, and converts coil displacement into a voltage value to realize displacement measurement, a large number of coils need to be manufactured, large displacement measurement (hundreds of millimeters at most) cannot be realized, and production is restricted and influenced. The measurement method of binary photoelectric coding is adopted, so that a high-digit precise code disc needs to be manufactured, the process difficulty is high, and the manufacturing cost is high; the measurement method adopting the capacitive grating is complicated in measurement process because a large number of other electrical devices are needed for accurate measurement of voltage, and the measurement method is limited by the dry devices and cannot realize displacement measurement with higher precision; the measurement method adopting the equidistant grating interference mode can not realize absolute position measurement, each measurement needs to be started from a zero point, the measurement process is complicated, and the measurement result is not accurate enough due to inevitable accumulated errors caused by the starting from the zero point.
The invention provides a digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing by combining a coding technology and a photoelectric technology, which has the advantages of large measurement range, high measurement precision, simple process and low cost, is easy to realize wide-range high-precision measurement, and can accurately measure displacement information under severe high and low temperature environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the invention provides a digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing, which combines a coding technology with a photoelectric technology, has the advantages of large measurement range, high measurement degree, simple coding manufacturing process, low cost and easy realization of wide-range high-precision measurement, and can accurately measure displacement information under severe high and low temperature environments.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing comprises the following steps: the device comprises an encoding component (1), a light source component (2), an optical imaging transmission component (3), a photoelectric conversion unit (4) and a data demodulation unit (5); encoding is performed on an encoding means (1), and a correspondence between a code value of the encoding and the absolute position is set; the code on the coding component (1) is irradiated by light emitted by the light source component (2), the light is imaged by the optical imaging transmission component (3) and transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit (4) to be converted into an electric digital signal, the digital signal is decoded by the data demodulation unit (5) to obtain the current absolute position of the coding component (1), and the change of the absolute position of the coding component (1) is analyzed to obtain the displacement of the coding component (1). The invention can realize large-range, absolute and high-precision measurement of angular displacement and linear displacement.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to a digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing, which realizes absolute displacement measurement by combining a coding technology with a photoelectric imaging and processing technology. The measuring method has the advantages of large measuring range, high measuring precision, single coding manufacturing process, low cost and easy realization of wide-range high-precision measurement, and can accurately measure the displacement information in severe high and low temperature environments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention, 1: encoding means, 2: light source component, 3: optical image transmission member, 4: photoelectric conversion unit, 5: and a data demodulation unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for resolving an image and a displacement of a code member on a CCD according to the present invention, 1: encoding means, 4: a photoelectric conversion unit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reference embodiment 1 of the present invention, 1: encoding means, 2: light source component, 3: optical image transmission member, 4: photoelectric conversion unit, 5: data demodulation unit, 6: and a data transmission line.
Fig. 5 shows the distribution of the angular displacement measuring code track of the coding part 1 according to the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a reference embodiment 2 of the present invention, 1: encoding means, 2: light source component, 3: optical image transmission member, 4: photoelectric conversion unit, 5: data demodulation unit, 6: and a data transmission line.
The invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings, and reference is made to fig. 1 to 4.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention, 1: encoding means, 2: light source component, 3: optical image transmission member, 4: photoelectric conversion unit, 5: and a data demodulation unit. Fig. 2 is an image of the code of the coding element of the present invention on the CCD and a displacement solution method, fig. 3 is a linear displacement measuring code channel distribution form of the coding element 1 of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reference embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention includes an encoding section 1, a light source section 2, an optical imaging transmission section 3, a photoelectric conversion unit 4, a data demodulation unit 5, and a data transmission line 6.
The coding part 1 can move horizontally along the displacement measuring direction; the light emitted by the light source part 2 is irradiated on the coding part 1 through the imaging transmission part 3; the image receiving surface of the optical image transmission part 3 is parallel to the surface of the coding part 1; the positional relationship is shown in FIG. 2; the image of the optical imaging transmission member 3 is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric conversion unit 4 and is transmitted to the data demodulation unit 5 through the data transmission line 6.
The incident light path is that light emitted by the light source component 2 is transmitted from one side branch of the imaging transmission component 3 to irradiate the surface of the coding component 1, is imaged by the imaging transmission component 3 and then is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit 4 from the other side branch, and the photoelectric conversion unit 4 receives the light signal, converts the light signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the data processing unit 5 for decoding processing.
Taking the CCD as an example, when the sensor works, the processing algorithm of the data demodulation unit 5 includes: according to the digital signal of the photoelectric conversion unit (4), decoding to obtain the absolute position containing codes in the imaging range of the optical imaging transmission component (3), and taking a certain fixed unit of the photoelectric conversion unit (4) as a reference unit to obtain the position codes nearest to the two sides of the reference unit and the number of pixels spaced by the reference unit and the position codes nearest to the two sides of the reference unit; the absolute position corresponding to the reference unit is the position value corresponding to the left code of the reference unit plus the length increment corresponding to each pixel multiplied by the number of pixels on the left side, or the position value corresponding to the right code of the reference unit minus the length increment corresponding to each pixel multiplied by the number of pixels on the right side.
Reference example 2
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which refer to fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6 of the specification.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention, 1: encoding means, 2: light source component, 3: image transmission member, 4: photoelectric conversion unit, 5: and a data demodulation unit. Fig. 2 is a method for resolving an image and a displacement of a code on a CCD of a code member according to the present invention, fig. 5 is a distribution form of an angular displacement measurement code track of the code member 1 according to the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic view of a reference embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention includes an encoding section 1, a light source section 2, an imaging transmission section 3, a photoelectric conversion unit 4, a data demodulation unit 5, and a data transmission line 6.
The coding component 1 can rotate 360 degrees along the circumference; the light emitted by the light source part 2 is irradiated on the coding part 1 through the imaging transmission part 3; the image receiving surface of the optical image transmission part 3 is parallel to the surface of the coding part 1; the positional relationship is shown in FIG. 6; the image of the imaging transmission member 3 is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric conversion unit 4 and is transmitted to the data demodulation unit 5 through the data transmission line 6.
The incident light path is that light emitted by the light source component 2 is transmitted from one side branch of the imaging transmission component 3 to irradiate the surface of the coding component 1, is imaged by the imaging transmission component 3 and then is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit 4 from the other side branch, and the photoelectric conversion unit 4 receives the light signal, converts the light signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the data processing unit 5 for decoding processing.
Taking the CCD as an example, when the sensor works, the processing algorithm of the data demodulation unit 5 includes: according to the digital signal of the photoelectric conversion unit (4), decoding to obtain the absolute position containing codes in the imaging range of the optical imaging transmission component (3), and taking a certain fixed unit of the photoelectric conversion unit (4) as a reference unit to obtain the position codes nearest to the two sides of the reference unit and the number of pixels spaced by the reference unit and the position codes nearest to the two sides of the reference unit; the absolute position corresponding to the reference unit is the position value corresponding to the left code of the reference unit plus the angle increment corresponding to each pixel multiplied by the number of pixels on the left side, or the position value corresponding to the right code of the reference unit minus the angle increment corresponding to each pixel multiplied by the number of pixels on the right side.
The invention relates to a photoelectric mixed displacement measuring method based on digital coding, which combines a coding technology and a photoelectric imaging processing technology to realize absolute displacement measurement.
Claims (8)
1. A digital coding displacement measurement method based on photoelectric mixing, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of encoding on an encoding part (1), setting a corresponding relation between a code value of the encoding and an absolute position, imaging through an optical imaging transmission part (3) and transmitting to a photoelectric conversion unit (4) to be converted into an electric digital signal when the encoding on the encoding part (1) receives light irradiation of a light source part (2), decoding the digital signal through a data demodulation unit (5) to obtain the current absolute position of the encoding part (1), and analyzing the absolute position change of the encoding part (1) to obtain the displacement of the encoding part (1).
2. The digital coding displacement measurement method based on the photoelectric mixing, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the code is formed by engraving a code channel corresponding to the position on the coding part (1) through an engraving technology, and the arrangement direction of the code channel is vertical to the displacement direction of the coding part (1).
3. The opto-electronic hybrid digitally encoded displacement measurement method of claim 2, wherein the code track is composed of a plurality of light and dark structures, each code track represents an absolute position, and each code track has an equal width.
4. The opto-electronic hybrid digitally encoded displacement measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source (2) is monochromatic or polychromatic light, and the range of illumination of the light source (2) on the code member (1) contains at least one complete code track.
5. The opto-electric hybrid digitally encoded displacement measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the imaging range of the optical imaging transmission member (3) comprises at least one track within the area illuminated by the light source (2).
6. The opto-electric hybrid digitally encoded displacement measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical imaging transmission component (3) may be composed of a fiber bundle and a lens, or may be a separate fiber bundle.
7. Opto-electric hybrid digitally coded displacement measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that the opto-electric conversion unit (4) is a divisible unit opto-electric imaging device, which may be a CCD or a functionally similar opto-electric conversion device, the effective size of the opto-electric conversion unit (4) being at least larger than the size imaged by the optical imaging transmission means (3).
8. Opto-electric hybrid digitally coded displacement measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing algorithm steps of the data demodulation unit (5) comprise: decoding the digital signals of the photoelectric conversion unit (4) to obtain the absolute position containing codes in the imaging range of the optical imaging transmission component (3), and taking a certain fixed unit of the photoelectric conversion unit (4) as a reference unit to obtain the position code value nearest to the two sides of the reference unit and the number of pixels of the position code interval between the reference unit and the two sides nearest to the reference unit; the absolute position corresponding to the reference unit is the position value corresponding to the left code of the reference unit plus the length corresponding to each pixel multiplied by the number of pixels on the left side or the position value corresponding to the right code of the reference unit minus the length corresponding to each pixel multiplied by the number of pixels on the right side.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101672661A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-17 | 方强 | One-dimensional absolute position coding system |
| CN105758312A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-13 | 广东工业大学 | Absolute grating ruler and stripe boundary positioning method thereof |
| CN108007359A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-08 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of absolute grating scale and displacement measurement method |
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- 2019-03-17 CN CN201910200691.2A patent/CN111707195A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101672661A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-17 | 方强 | One-dimensional absolute position coding system |
| CN105758312A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-13 | 广东工业大学 | Absolute grating ruler and stripe boundary positioning method thereof |
| CN108007359A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-08 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of absolute grating scale and displacement measurement method |
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Application publication date: 20200925 |