CN111706479A - Ionic wind thrust device based on magnetic field - Google Patents
Ionic wind thrust device based on magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN111706479A CN111706479A CN202010558332.7A CN202010558332A CN111706479A CN 111706479 A CN111706479 A CN 111706479A CN 202010558332 A CN202010558332 A CN 202010558332A CN 111706479 A CN111706479 A CN 111706479A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0081—Electromagnetic plasma thrusters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0006—Details applicable to different types of plasma thrusters
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ion wind thrust device based on a magnetic field, and relates to the field of near space electric propulsion. The ionic wind thrust device comprises an ionic wind thruster and a magnetic field generating sub-device; the magnetic field generating sub-device is vertically arranged with a collector of the ion wind thruster, and a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device covers the ion wind thruster; an electric field generated by the ion wind thruster ionizes neutral gas molecules into first charged particles, the first charged particles accelerate under the action of the electric field and collide with the neutral gas molecules in the moving process to generate second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles directionally accelerate to move to form ion wind; the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device enables the motion path of the first charged particles to deflect under the action of the Lorentz force, so that the collision times of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules are increased, the energy transfer process of the first charged particles and the neutral gas molecules is enhanced, and the energy conversion efficiency of the ion wind thruster is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of near space electric propulsion, in particular to an ionic wind thrust device based on a magnetic field.
Background
The ion wind thruster has the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability, no need of carrying propellant, and the like, and has wide application value in the field of near space electric propulsion. The work of the ion wind thruster comprises an ionization process and an acceleration process of particles. The traditional ion wind thruster is an ion wind effect based on corona discharge, charged particles are accelerated under the action of an external electric field and collide with neutral particles to generate energy exchange, and macroscopic ion wind motion is caused. However, the conventional ion wind thruster is limited by the corona discharge principle, the moving path of charged particles in the discharge space is short, the collision time with neutral gas molecules is short, the energy exchange is insufficient, and the energy conversion efficiency is low. Therefore, the conventional ion wind thruster has the problem of low energy conversion efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ion wind thrust device based on a magnetic field, and the ion wind thrust device is used for solving the problem of low energy conversion efficiency of an ion wind thruster.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device comprising: an ion wind thruster and a magnetic field generating sub-device;
the magnetic field generating sub-device is vertically arranged with a collector electrode of the ion wind thruster, and a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device covers the ion wind thruster;
the ion wind thruster is used for generating an electric field, the electric field ionizes neutral gas molecules in an area where the electric field is located into first charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area where the electric field is located in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind;
the magnetic field generating sub-device is used for generating a magnetic field, so that the movement path of the first charged particles is deflected under the action of Lorentz force, and the collision times of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules in the region where the electric field is located are increased.
Optionally, the ion wind thruster specifically includes: an ionization device and an ionization power supply;
the positive electrode of the ionic device is connected with the ionization power supply; the cathode of the electric ion device is grounded;
the electric ion device is used for being electrified to generate an electric field, the electric field ionizes neutral gas molecules in an area where the electric field is located into charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area where the electric field is located in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind.
Optionally, the ionization device comprises an ionization electrode and a collector electrode;
the ionization electrode and the collector electrode are arranged correspondingly, and the distance between the ionization electrode and the collector electrode is a first preset distance;
the ionization electrode is connected with the ionization power supply;
the collector is grounded.
Optionally, the magnetic field generating sub-device specifically includes: the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet and the electromagnet power supply;
the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are respectively positioned on two sides of the electric ion device;
the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are connected with the electromagnet power supply.
Optionally, the first electromagnet is located at one end of the collector electrode, and is perpendicular to the collector electrode;
the second electromagnet is positioned at the other end of the collector electrode and is vertical to the collector electrode.
Optionally, the ion wind thrust device further includes: a first current transformer and a second current transformer;
the first current transformer is arranged between the ionization electrode and the ionization power supply;
the second current transformer is arranged between the collector and the ground;
the first current transformer and the second current transformer are used for measuring the current of the ion wind thruster.
Optionally, the ion wind thrust device further includes: an oscilloscope;
the high-voltage probe of the oscilloscope is used for measuring the voltage of the ionization electrode;
the oscilloscope is respectively connected with the first current transformer and the second current transformer;
the oscilloscope is used for displaying the current measured by the first current transformer and the second current transformer and the voltage measured by the high-voltage probe.
Optionally, the ionization power supply is one or a combination of a direct current power supply, an alternating current power supply and a pulse power supply.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an ion wind thrust device based on a magnetic field. This ionic wind thrust unit includes: an ion wind thruster and a magnetic field generating sub-device; the magnetic field generating sub-device is vertically arranged with a collector of the ion wind thruster, and a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device covers the ion wind thruster; the ion wind thruster is used for generating an electric field, the electric field ionizes neutral gas molecules in the area of the electric field into first charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area of the electric field in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind; the magnetic field generating sub-device is used for generating a magnetic field, so that the movement path of the first charged particles is deflected under the action of Lorentz force, and the collision times of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules in the region where the electric field is located are increased. Neutral gas molecules in the ion wind thruster are ionized into first charged particles under the action of an electric field of the ion wind thruster, the first charged particles move towards the collecting electrode in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles are simultaneously subjected to the action of Lorentz force of a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device in the moving process, and under the action of the Lorentz force, the moving path of the first charged particles deflects, the whole moving path is increased, the number of times of collision of the first charged particles and the neutral gas molecules is increased, the energy transfer process of the first charged particles and the neutral gas molecules is enhanced, the energy conversion efficiency of the ion wind thruster is improved, and the energy conversion efficiency of the ion wind thruster is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ion wind thrust device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional ion wind thruster.
Description of the symbols: 1. an ionization power supply; 2. an electromagnet power supply; 3. an ionizing electrode; 4. a first electromagnet; 41. a second electromagnet; 5. a collector electrode; 6. a first current transformer; 61. a second current transformer; 7. an oscilloscope; 8. a high-voltage probe; 9. an anemometer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an ion wind thrust device based on a magnetic field, and the ion wind thrust device is used for solving the problem of low energy conversion efficiency of an ion wind thruster.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The present embodiment provides an ion wind thrust device based on a magnetic field, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the ion wind thrust device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the ion wind thrust device includes: an ion wind thruster and a magnetic field generating sub-device.
The magnetic field generating sub-device is arranged perpendicular to the collector 5 of the ion wind thruster, and the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device covers the ion wind thruster. The overall magnetic field covers the overall ion wind thruster area. The magnetic field generating sub-device is perpendicular to the ion wind thruster.
The ion wind thruster is used for generating an electric field, neutral gas molecules in an area where the electric field is located are ionized into first charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area where the electric field is located in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind. The region where the electric field is located is a discharge space. The charged particles include first charged particles and second charged particles, each including electrons and ions.
Ion wind thrustor specifically includes: an ionization device and an ionization power supply 1.
The positive electrode of the electric ion device is connected with an ionization power supply 1; the cathode of the ionic device is grounded. The space between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is a discharge space.
The electric ion device is used for being electrified to generate an electric field, neutral gas molecules in an area where the electric field is located are ionized into first charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area where the electric field is located in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind.
The ionization device includes an ionizing electrode 3 and a collector electrode 5. The ionization electrode adopts an ionization needle electrode.
The ionizing electrode 3 and the collecting electrode 5 are arranged correspondingly, and the distance between the ionizing electrode 3 and the collecting electrode 5 is a first preset distance.
The ionizing electrode 3 is connected to an ionization power supply 1. The output voltage of the ionization power supply is high.
The collector 5 is grounded. Setting a certain distance between two stages of the electric ion device to ensure that gas is ionized between the two stages of the electric ion device; the two stages of the ion device are an ionization electrode and a collector electrode respectively.
The ionization power supply can adopt various power supplies and corresponding combination forms, and adopts one or more combinations of a direct current power supply, an alternating current power supply or a pulse power supply. The ionization power supply may employ a high voltage power supply. The negative pole of the ionization source 1 is grounded.
Neutral gas molecules in a discharge space between two stages of the ionization device are ionized under the action of an external electric field, first charged particles generated by ionization collide with the neutral gas molecules to change the neutral gas molecules into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move towards a collector under the action of the external electric field. The external electric field refers to an electric field generated by electrifying the electric ion device.
The magnetic field generating sub-device is used for generating a magnetic field, so that the motion path of the first charged particles is deflected under the action of Lorentz force, and the collision times of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules in the discharge space are increased. The magnetic field that the magnetic field generator sub-device produced is the high-intensity magnetic field, and the magnetic field intensity of high-intensity magnetic field is in 0.1 tesla magnitude and above, and magnetic field generator sub-device adopts magnetic field intensity and the adjustable electromagnetic field structure of magnetic field direction, can realize the promotion to energy conversion efficiency through regulating and control magnetic field intensity.
The direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device is vertical to the direction of the electric field of the ion wind thruster.
Magnetic field generator sub-assembly specifically includes: the first electromagnet 4, the second electromagnet 41 and the electromagnet power supply 2.
The first electromagnet 4 and the second electromagnet 41 are located on either side of the ionic device.
The first electromagnet 4 and the second electromagnet 41 are both connected with the electromagnet power supply 2, one of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet is an N pole, the other one of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet is an S pole, the electromagnet with the N pole is connected with the positive pole of the electromagnet power supply, and the electromagnet with the S pole is connected with the negative pole of the electromagnet power supply.
The first electromagnet 4 is positioned at one end of the collector 5 and is perpendicular to the collector 5.
The second electromagnet 41 is located at the other end of the collector 5 and is perpendicular to the collector 5.
The ionic wind thrust unit further comprises: a quantum device is measured. The quantum measuring device is used for testing the performance of the ion wind thruster.
The quantum measuring device comprises: a first current transformer 6, a second current transformer 61, an oscilloscope 7 and an anemometer 9.
The first current transformer 6 is arranged between the ionizing electrode 3 and the ionizing power supply 1, and is specifically arranged on a connecting wire of the ionizing electrode 3 and the ionizing power supply 1.
The second current transformer 61 is disposed between the collector 5 and ground, specifically on a connection line between the collector 5 and ground.
The first current transformer and the second current transformer are used for measuring the current of the ion wind thruster.
A high voltage probe 8 of the oscilloscope 7 is used to measure the voltage of the ionizing electrode. The high-voltage probe is used for testing the ionization voltage applied to the ionization electrode.
The oscilloscope 7 is connected with the first current transformer 6 and the second current transformer 61, respectively.
The oscilloscope is used for displaying the current measured by the first current transformer and the second current transformer and the voltage measured by the high-voltage probe.
The anemometer 9 is used to measure the macroscopic ion wind velocity through the collecting electrode.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional ion wind thruster. Referring to fig. 2, the overall structure of the conventional ion wind thruster includes a discharge device and a measurement device, the discharge device includes an ionization power supply 1, an ionization electrode 3, and a collector electrode 5; the measuring device comprises an oscilloscope 7, a first current transformer 6, a second current transformer 61 and an anemometer 9.
The ionizing electrode 3 and the collecting electrode 5 are arranged correspondingly, and the distance between the ionizing electrode 3 and the collecting electrode 5 is a first preset distance. The ionizing electrode 3 is connected to an ionization power supply 1. The collector 5 is grounded.
The negative pole of the ionization source 1 is grounded.
The first current transformer 6 is arranged between the ionization electrode 3 and the ionization power supply 1, and is specifically arranged on a connecting wire of the ionization electrode 3 and the ionization power supply 1; the second current transformer 61 is arranged between the collector 5 and the ground, in particular on a connecting line of the collector 5 and the ground; the first current transformer and the second current transformer are used for measuring current signals of the ion wind thruster.
A high voltage probe 8 of the oscilloscope 7 is used for measuring the voltage signal of the ionizing electrode.
The oscilloscope 7 is connected with the first current transformer 6 and the second current transformer 61, respectively. The oscilloscope is used for displaying current signals measured by the first current transformer and the second current transformer and voltage signals measured by the high-voltage probe.
The anemometer 9 is used to measure the macroscopic ion wind velocity through the collecting electrode.
The traditional ion wind thruster applies voltage between an ionization electrode and a collector electrode, under the action of a high-voltage power supply, medium gas in a discharge space is ionized to obtain electrons, the electrons are excited and collided to combine with neutral gas molecules to form ions, so that a large number of first charged particles are obtained, the first charged particles move towards the collector electrode under the action of an external electric field, collide with the neutral gas molecules in the movement process to generate second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles directionally accelerate to move to form a macroscopic ion wind effect; however, the corona discharge principle is limited, the moving path of the first charged particles in the discharge space is short, so that the collision time of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules is short, the collision process with the neutral gas molecules is limited, the energy exchange is insufficient, the energy conversion efficiency is low, and the improvement of the energy conversion efficiency of the conventional ion wind thruster is limited.
The invention provides an ion wind thrust device based on magnetic field action, which utilizes the control action of a strong magnetic field on the motion of charged particles, increases the motion path of first charged particles, takes the strong magnetic field as a regulation and control means, the first charged particles are simultaneously subjected to the action of a magnetic field vertical to the electric field in the motion process, and the motion path deflects under the action of the Lorentz force of the magnetic field, and is converted from linear motion under the acceleration of a single electric field into curvilinear motion under the combined action of the electric field and the magnetic field, because the length of collision between the first charged particles is constant, namely one charged particle can collide with another ion after moving for a certain length; therefore, under the action of the magnetic field, the overall movement path of the first charged particles is increased, the length of the overall movement path is increased, the collision frequency and the collision frequency of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules are increased, the collision energy exchange process of the first charged particles and the neutral gas molecules is improved, the energy exchange frequency is increased, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, and the purposes of increasing the density of the charged particles in a discharge space, improving the movement direction of the charged particles and improving the performance of the ion wind thruster are achieved. In addition, the magnetic field generator device is vertical to the ion wind thruster, the direction of the magnetic field is adjustable, the deflection direction of the motion path of the first charged particles can be changed by regulating and controlling the action direction of the strong magnetic field, the deflection of the direction of the ion wind is realized, the output direction of the thrust of the ion wind is controlled macroscopically, the regulation and control of the ion wind are realized, and the performance of the ion wind thruster is improved. In addition, the deflection degree of the ion wind thruster can be changed by regulating and controlling the intensity of the external magnetic field.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ionic wind thrust device based on a magnetic field, comprising: an ion wind thruster and a magnetic field generating sub-device;
the magnetic field generating sub-device is vertically arranged with a collector electrode of the ion wind thruster, and a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating sub-device covers the ion wind thruster;
the ion wind thruster is used for generating an electric field, the electric field ionizes neutral gas molecules in an area where the electric field is located into first charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area where the electric field is located in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind;
the magnetic field generating sub-device is used for generating a magnetic field, so that the movement path of the first charged particles is deflected under the action of Lorentz force, and the collision times of the first charged particles and neutral gas molecules in the region where the electric field is located are increased.
2. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device according to claim 1, wherein the ionic wind thruster, in particular, comprises: an ionization device and an ionization power supply;
the positive electrode of the ionic device is connected with the ionization power supply; the cathode of the electric ion device is grounded;
the electric ion device is used for being electrified to generate an electric field, the electric field ionizes neutral gas molecules in an area where the electric field is located into charged particles, the first charged particles move in an accelerated mode under the action of the electric field, the first charged particles collide with the neutral gas molecules in the area where the electric field is located in the moving process, the neutral gas molecules are changed into second charged particles, and the first charged particles and the second charged particles move in an accelerated mode in a directional mode to form ion wind.
3. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device of claim 2, wherein said ionic device comprises an ionizing electrode and a collector electrode;
the ionization electrode and the collector electrode are arranged correspondingly, and the distance between the ionization electrode and the collector electrode is a first preset distance;
the ionization electrode is connected with the ionization power supply;
the collector is grounded.
4. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device according to claim 2, characterized in that said magnetic field generating sub-device, in particular, comprises: the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet and the electromagnet power supply;
the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are respectively positioned on two sides of the electric ion device;
the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are connected with the electromagnet power supply.
5. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device of claim 4, wherein said first electromagnet is located at one end of said collector electrode and perpendicular to said collector electrode;
the second electromagnet is positioned at the other end of the collector electrode and is vertical to the collector electrode.
6. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device of claim 3, further comprising: a first current transformer and a second current transformer;
the first current transformer is arranged between the ionization electrode and the ionization power supply;
the second current transformer is arranged between the collector and the ground;
the first current transformer and the second current transformer are used for measuring the current of the ion wind thruster.
7. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device of claim 6, further comprising: an oscilloscope;
the high-voltage probe of the oscilloscope is used for measuring the voltage of the ionization electrode;
the oscilloscope is respectively connected with the first current transformer and the second current transformer;
the oscilloscope is used for displaying the current measured by the first current transformer and the second current transformer and the voltage measured by the high-voltage probe.
8. The magnetic field-based ionic wind thrust device according to claim 2, wherein the ionization power supply is one or a combination of a direct current power supply, an alternating current power supply and a pulse power supply.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20230083683A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2023-03-16 | University Of Miami | Ion booster for thrust generation |
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| CN205408262U (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-27 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | A antistatic device for production and processing |
| CN111279800A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2020-06-12 | 埃尔因斯佩斯公司 | Corona plasma device and plasma reactor |
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| CN108189997A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stratospheric airship ion wind electric propulsion device |
| CN108372026A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-07 | 上海电力学院 | Magnetic field effect prediction technique in electrostatic precipitator based on BP neural network |
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Application publication date: 20200925 |