CN111706352A - Method for entering arch into hole by using bias tunnel arch sleeve - Google Patents
Method for entering arch into hole by using bias tunnel arch sleeve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111706352A CN111706352A CN202010437154.2A CN202010437154A CN111706352A CN 111706352 A CN111706352 A CN 111706352A CN 202010437154 A CN202010437154 A CN 202010437154A CN 111706352 A CN111706352 A CN 111706352A
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- arch
- tunnel
- constructed
- sleeve
- primary support
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for entering a hole by an arch cover arch of a bias tunnel, which comprises the following steps: 1) determining a set arch form, lofting according to a set arch outline and excavating a set arch foundation; 2) constructing a sleeve arch, wherein the rear end face of the sleeve arch extends to intersect with the ground line of the hole-forming slope, and a pipe shed guide pipe is pre-buried when the sleeve arch is constructed; 3) constructing a pipe shed after the sleeve arch is constructed and poured; 4) after grouting of the pipe shed is completed, excavating a tunnel portal section, wherein the tunnel portal section is constructed according to a core soil method or a step method; 5) performing primary support inner arch construction in time after excavation, firstly spraying concrete during the primary support inner arch construction, then installing an I-shaped steel arch frame, and finally spraying concrete again to form a primary support inner arch; 6) and excavating a certain distance, and then applying a second lining in time according to the bias voltage degree of the opening and monitoring the deformation condition. The method provided by the invention basically does not damage the original terrain side slope, has low requirements on the tunnel face side slope, can be implemented under the condition of no excavation or few excavation side slopes, has good adaptability to the bias terrain, and ensures the stability of the tunnel body after excavation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of highway engineering, and particularly relates to a method for entering a hole by an arch cover arch of a bias tunnel.
Background
At present, with the development of a mountain expressway, a bias tunnel is generally tunneled, how to quickly and safely ensure the tunnel entrance is the most critical step of tunnel engineering construction, a traditional tunnel entrance method for the bias tunnel mainly comprises the steps of excavating a tunnel forming surface slope, enabling tunnel contour lines to be located in the range of the tunnel forming surface slope, arranging an ear wall on a bias side, extending the ear wall to the tunnel direction, backfilling to change the half-bright and half-dark state into a hidden hole construction, constructing arch sheathing, pipe sheds and other measures to ensure the tunnel entrance construction. The traditional process is adopted, so that the original terrain is greatly damaged stably, the concept of 'zero hole entry' is violated, the requirements of environmental protection and the like are not met, the process is complex, the engineering quantity is large, the construction period is long, and the cost is high. The research on the method for entering the tunnel with simple structure, stability and rapidness is particularly important for the construction of the tunnel in the mountainous area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a method for entering a tunnel by an arch cover arch of a bias tunnel, which basically does not destroy the side slope of the original terrain, has low requirements on the side slope of a tunnel forming surface, can be implemented under the condition of no excavation or few excavation side slopes, and has good adaptability to the bias terrain. And the cover arch and the pipe shed are used as outer arches, and the primary support inner arch is arranged as an inner supply, so that an arch cover arch structure is formed, and the stability of the excavated tunnel body is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for entering a hole by an arch cover of a bias tunnel comprises the following steps:
1) determining a set arch form according to the hole forming side slope, lofting according to a set arch outline and excavating a set arch foundation;
2) constructing a sleeve arch, wherein the rear end face of the sleeve arch extends to intersect with the ground line of the hole-forming slope, and a pipe shed guide pipe is pre-buried when the sleeve arch is constructed;
3) constructing a pipe shed after the sleeve arch is constructed and poured;
4) after grouting of the pipe shed is completed, excavating a tunnel portal section, wherein the tunnel portal section is constructed according to a core soil method or a step method;
5) performing primary support inner arch construction in time after excavation, firstly spraying concrete during the primary support inner arch construction, then installing an I-shaped steel arch frame, and finally spraying concrete again to form a primary support inner arch;
6) and after 20-30m of excavation, performing secondary lining in time according to the bias degree of the opening and the monitored deformation condition.
Preferably, after the primary support inner arch is constructed, the upper step excavation support is carried out, then the lower step and the primary support bottom arch construction are carried out in time, concrete is firstly sprayed during the primary support bottom arch construction, then an I-shaped steel arch frame is installed, finally concrete is sprayed again, the primary support bottom arch is constructed, and the primary support inner arch and the primary support bottom arch form a closed ring.
Preferably, before the arch sheathing construction, when the thickness of the covering layer of the opening is less than 5m and the gradient is less than 1:1.5, a tunnel forming surface can be excavated properly, so that the thickness of the covering layer of the opening section is not less than 5m, and the tunnel forming surface is supported by anchor-shotcrete support.
Further preferably, the minimum distance from the front end face position of the cover arch to the hole forming side slope is 2 m.
More preferably, the thickness of the mantle arch is at least 80 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method provided by the invention basically does not damage the original terrain slope, has low requirements on the tunnel face slope, can be implemented under the condition of no excavation or few excavation slopes, and has good adaptability to the bias terrain. And the cover arch and the pipe shed are used as outer arches, and the primary support inner arch is arranged as an inner supply, so that an arch cover arch structure is formed, and the stability of the excavated tunnel body is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-set arch, 2-pipe shed, 3-primary inner arch, 4-I-steel arch frame, 5-secondary lining, 6-tunnel forming surface, 7-anchor-shotcrete support, 8-primary bottom arch, 9-tunnel forming side slope and 10-light and dark boundary line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method for biasing the arch of the tunnel arch into the hole comprises the following steps:
1) determining a set arch form according to the tunnel side slope 9, lofting according to the outline of the set arch 1 and excavating a set arch foundation;
2) and (3) constructing the cover arch 1, wherein the rear end face of the cover arch 1 extends to intersect with the ground line of the hole-forming side slope 9, namely the front end face of the cover arch 1 is ensured to be a plane, and then the cover arch is erected and poured according to actual terrain to extend to the ground line, so that the rear end face is an irregular face matched with the slope face of the hole-forming side slope 9. When the cover arch 1 is constructed, the guide pipe of the pipe shed 2 is pre-embedded and is used as a standard for drilling holes of the pipe shed and installing the pipe shed. And the lengths of the guide pipes are discharged according to the actual lengths pre-buried on the sleeve arches 1 measured on site, so that the rear ends of the guide pipes are respectively communicated to the irregular rear end surfaces of the sleeve arches 1, and the drilling mode of the pipe shed 2 is not changed under the condition that the angles of the guide pipes are met, and the additional construction difficulty is not increased. Wherein, the cover encircles 1 thickness and is 80cm at least, and the cover encircles 1 preceding terminal surface position and becomes the minimum distance of cave side slope 9 and be 2m, has increased the size of cover arch 1, increases the firm nature.
3) After the sheathing arch 1 is constructed, the pipe shed 2 is constructed, the concrete process is that a guide pipe is pre-embedded on the sheathing arch 1 to drill a pipe shed hole, then a pipe shed steel pipe is installed in the pipe shed hole, and finally grouting hole sealing is carried out to complete construction of the pipe shed 2;
4) and (3) excavating the tunnel portal section after grouting of the pipe shed 2 is finished, wherein the tunnel portal section is constructed according to a core soil method or a step method, the footage is not more than 1m, namely the distance of two H-shaped steel arches 4 is not more than, and the stability of the tunnel portal section is ensured. And under the limitation of the overall dimension of the cover arch 1, the tunnel entering can be realized only by gradually excavating the opening section in the cover arch 1 without excessively excavating the tunnel forming side slope 9, and the stability and the damage to the original terrain are small.
5) The construction of the primary support inner arch 3 is carried out in time after the excavation, the concrete is firstly sprayed when the primary support inner arch 3 is constructed, then the I-shaped steel arch frame 4 is installed, the concrete is sprayed again finally to form the primary support inner arch 3, the upper step excavation support is carried out after the construction of the primary support inner arch 3 is finished, then the construction of the lower step and the primary support bottom arch 8 is carried out in time, the concrete is firstly sprayed when the primary support bottom arch 8 is constructed, then the I-shaped steel arch frame 4 is installed, the concrete is sprayed again finally, the primary support bottom arch 8 is formed, and the primary support inner arch 3 and the primary support bottom arch 8 form a closed ring. So that the cover arch 1, the primary support inner arch 3 and the primary support bottom arch 8 form an arch cover arch structure to ensure the stable structure of the bias hole.
6) After 20-30m of excavation, the second lining 5 is timely applied according to the bias degree of the opening and the monitored deformation condition, so that the permanent stability of the hole body is ensured.
When the terrain is steep, excavation is not needed, before the cover arch 1 is constructed, when the terrain of a tunnel side slope 9 is gentle, when the slope is gentle than 1:1.5, a tunnel opening covering layer is smaller than 5m, and when bias voltage exists, a tunnel forming surface 6 can be excavated appropriately, so that the thickness of the covering layer in a partial range of the tunnel opening section is not smaller than 5m, and the tunnel forming surface 6 is supported by an anchor-spray support 7.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for entering a hole by an arch cover arch of a bias tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining a set arch form according to the hole forming side slope, lofting according to the outline of the set arch (1) and excavating a set arch foundation;
2) constructing a sleeve arch (1), wherein the rear end face of the sleeve arch (1) extends to intersect with a ground line of the hole-forming slope, and a guide pipe of a pipe shed (2) is embedded when the sleeve arch (1) is constructed;
3) constructing a pipe shed (2) after the sleeve arch (1) is constructed;
4) after grouting of the pipe shed (2) is completed, excavating a tunnel portal section, wherein the tunnel portal section is constructed according to a core soil method or a step method;
5) the construction of the primary inner arch (3) is carried out in time after the excavation, when the primary inner arch (3) is constructed, concrete is firstly sprayed, then an I-shaped steel arch frame (4) is installed, and finally the concrete is sprayed again to form the primary inner arch (3);
6) and (5) excavating 20-30m, and then applying a second lining (5) in time according to the bias degree of the opening and monitoring the deformation condition.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: after the primary support inner arch (3) is constructed, performing upper step excavation support, then performing construction of a lower step and the primary support bottom arch (8) in time, firstly spraying concrete during the construction of the primary support bottom arch (8), then installing an I-shaped steel arch frame (4), finally spraying concrete again, and primarily supporting the bottom arch (8), and enabling the primary support inner arch (3) and the primary support bottom arch (8) to form a closed ring.
3. A method of biasing a tunnel arch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: before the cover arch (1) is constructed, when the gradient of the tunnel forming side slope is slowed to 1:1.5, the thickness of a tunnel opening covering layer is less than 5m, and when bias voltage exists, a tunnel forming surface (6) can be properly excavated, so that the thickness of the covering layer in the partial range of the tunnel opening section is not less than 5m, and the tunnel forming surface (6) is supported by an anchor-shotcrete support (7).
4. A method of biasing a tunnel arch according to claim 3, wherein: the minimum distance from the front end face position of the cover arch (1) to the hole forming side slope is 2 m.
5. The method of biasing a tunnel arch according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the thickness of the cover arch (1) is at least 80 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010437154.2A CN111706352A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Method for entering arch into hole by using bias tunnel arch sleeve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010437154.2A CN111706352A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Method for entering arch into hole by using bias tunnel arch sleeve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111706352A true CN111706352A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010437154.2A Pending CN111706352A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Method for entering arch into hole by using bias tunnel arch sleeve |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113914869A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-11 | 陕西路桥集团有限公司 | Semi-open and semi-dark tunnel entry construction method under shallow-buried bias collapse condition |
| CN114352319A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | Construction method for large-section hydraulic tunnel composite type bias tunnel section |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113914869A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-11 | 陕西路桥集团有限公司 | Semi-open and semi-dark tunnel entry construction method under shallow-buried bias collapse condition |
| CN113914869B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-08-04 | 陕西路桥集团有限公司 | Semi-bright and semi-dark tunnel hole entering construction method under shallow buried bias voltage collapse condition |
| CN114352319A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | Construction method for large-section hydraulic tunnel composite type bias tunnel section |
| CN114352319B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-02-06 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | Construction method for large-section hydraulic tunnel composite type bias hole section |
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Application publication date: 20200925 |
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