CN111706290A - Diameter-variable plugging shunt - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-diameter plugging shunt. The blocking shunt comprises a shunt short circuit, a sliding blocking short circuit and a sliding pressure applying short circuit; when the spline housing is positioned at an upper pivot relative to the spline shaft, bosses for sliding plugging short-circuits are inserted into the shunting short-circuit grooves A, the large annular space is divided into an upper large annular space and a lower large annular space, and a drilling medium returned from the lower large annular space sequentially passes through the lateral channel B, the lateral channel A and the main channel B to enter the double-wall drilling tool return channel; when the spline housing is located at the lower pivot relative to the spline shaft, the upper annular space and the lower annular space are communicated through the groove A and the groove B respectively. The variable diameter plugging device has the advantages that firstly, the large annular space at the upper part is plugged, and the positive and negative alternate gas reverse circulation drilling is realized; secondly, under the condition of no drilling, the upper ring and the lower ring of the plugging device are in a communicated state, so that the risk of drill jamming at the position of the plugging shunt can be reduced, and conditions are provided for solving complex problems by utilizing positive circulation.

Description

Diameter-variable plugging shunt

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plugging diverter, in particular to a reverse circulation drilling variable-diameter downhole plugging diverter.

Background

The method of drilling by circulating medium from bottom to top to surface with cuttings or core from the center of drill pipe is called reverse circulation center sampling drilling. Single, double or triple layer drill pipes are commonly used, but double wall drill pipes are most common. The circulating medium is pressed in by the annulus between the two pipes and returns from the center of the inner pipe carrying the rock debris (core), so the method is called double-pipe reverse circulation or double-wall drill pipe reverse circulation drilling. With the continuous innovation of the reverse circulation drilling theory and the drilling process, the reverse circulation drilling technology is more and more widely applied to the fields of mineral exploration, water well drilling and oil drilling. The positive and negative alternative gas reverse circulation well drilling technology belongs to a form of reverse circulation well drilling, and compared with an oil drilling machine, the newly added equipment mainly comprises a gas box, a double-wall drill rod and an underground plugging diverter; the drilling tool structure generally comprises a water tap, a gas box, a double-wall drilling tool, an underground plugging diverter, a conventional drilling tool and a drill bit; during drilling, compressed air enters the annular gap of the double-wall drill rod through the air box and reaches the conventional drilling tool along the annular gap, and the gas returned by the conventional drilling tool carries rock debris to the underground plugging device through the large annular space between the drilling tool and a borehole and returns to the ground from the inner pipe of the double-wall drilling tool. In the use process of a conventional downhole plugging diverter, a large dropping block at the upper part cannot fall to the lower part of the plugging diverter to cause the risk of drill sticking, and the conventional plugging device is generally a full-hole plugging device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a variable-diameter underground plugging diverter for reverse circulation drilling, reduce the risk of drill sticking at the plugging diverter and provide a fluid circulation mode for solving the complex problem from reverse circulation to forward circulation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following design scheme:

a variable-diameter plugging shunt comprises a shunt short circuit, a sliding plugging short circuit and a sliding pressure applying short circuit; the upper part and the lower part of the variable-diameter plugging diverter are respectively connected with a double-wall drilling tool and a conventional drilling tool, the double-wall drilling tool comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, a drilling medium return channel is formed inside the inner pipe, and a drilling medium injection channel is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe; the shunt short circuit is an axial short circuit, a main channel A and a main channel B are axially processed in the shunt short circuit, and a lateral channel A is radially processed in the shunt short circuit; the sliding pressure short joint comprises a spline shaft and a spline sleeve; the spline shaft is a shaft-shaped short joint, a through hole A is processed in the spline shaft, and an external spline is axially processed at the outer edge of the spline shaft; the spline housing is a cylindrical short joint, and an internal spline is axially processed inside the spline housing; the upper part of the shunt short joint is connected with a double-wall drilling tool, the lower part of the shunt short joint is connected with the upper end of a spline shaft, the spline shaft is connected with a spline housing through an internal spline and an external spline, and the spline housing is connected with a lower part conventional drilling tool; the spline sleeve slides up and down relative to the spline shaft, the highest point of the spline sleeve moving upwards relative to the spline shaft is an upper fulcrum, and the lowest point of the spline sleeve moving downwards is a lower fulcrum; when the spline housing is positioned at an upper pivot relative to the spline shaft, the double-wall drilling tool sequentially passes through the shunt short joint, the spline shaft and the spline housing to apply torque and bit pressure to the conventional drilling tool at the lower part; when the spline housing is positioned at a lower pivot relative to the spline shaft, the double-wall drilling tool sequentially passes through the shunt short joint, the spline shaft and the spline housing to apply torque and tension to the conventional drilling tool at the lower part; the main channel A of the shunt short joint is a through hole, and drilling media injected into the channel through the double-wall drilling tool sequentially enter the through hole A of the spline shaft at the lower part and an inner pore passage of the conventional drilling tool through the main channel A; the main channel B is a blind hole which is axially processed from top to bottom in the shunt short joint and is respectively communicated with the double-wall drilling tool return channel and the lateral channel A; the outer edge surface of the shunt short circuit is a step cylindrical surface and is respectively a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface is larger than that of the first cylindrical surface, the second cylindrical surface is positioned at the upper end of the first cylindrical surface, and the lateral channel A is communicated with the first cylindrical surface; a groove A penetrating through the second cylindrical surface is axially processed on the second cylindrical surface; the sliding plugging short circuit is a cylindrical short circuit, and a lateral channel B is radially processed; the lower end of the sliding plugging short circuit is connected with the spline sleeve, and the cylindrical surface in the sliding plugging short circuit is sleeved outside the first cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit and is in clearance fit with the first cylindrical surface; upward and outward bosses are processed at the upper end of the sliding plugging short joint; the number of bosses for sliding plugging short circuits is equal to that of the shunting short circuit grooves A, and axial grooves B are formed between the bosses; the diameter of the outer edge cylindrical surface of the sliding plugging short circuit is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit, and the outer diameter of a boss of the sliding plugging short circuit is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit; large annular spaces are formed between the double-wall drilling tool and the well as between the conventional drilling tool and the well, the sliding plugging short circuit moves up and down along with the spline sleeve, when the spline sleeve is positioned at an upper pivot relative to the spline shaft, bosses of the sliding plugging short circuit are inserted into the shunting short circuit groove A, the large annular space is divided into an upper large annular space and a lower large annular space, and a drilling medium returned from the lower large annular space sequentially enters the double-wall drilling tool return channel through the lateral channel B, the lateral channel A and the main channel B; when the spline housing is located the fulcrum for the integral key shaft down, the boss of slip shutoff short circuit all does not insert the reposition of redundant personnel short circuit ditch groove A in, and upper portion annular space and lower part annular space communicate through ditch groove A and ditch groove B respectively.

The cross section of the groove A of the second shunt short circuit cylindrical surface is preferably trapezoidal, the included angle of two waist lines of the trapezoid is 10 degrees, and the intersection point of the two waist lines is positioned outside the second shunt short circuit cylindrical surface; the upper bottom line and the lower bottom line of the shunt short-circuit trapezoidal groove A are arc lines. The boss cross section of the sliding plugging short circuit is preferably trapezoidal, the included angle of two trapezoidal waist lines is 10 degrees, and the intersection point of the two waist lines is located outside the sliding plugging short circuit. The outer diameter of the sliding plugging short circuit boss and the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit are preferably 1mm to 4mm smaller than the diameter of the well hole.

The invention has the advantages that: firstly, plugging an upper large annular space to realize positive and negative alternating gas reverse circulation drilling; secondly, under the condition of no drilling, the upper ring and the lower ring of the plugging device are in a communicated state, so that the risk of drill jamming at the position of the plugging shunt can be reduced, and conditions are provided for solving complex problems by utilizing positive circulation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a variable diameter occluding shunt of the present invention in a closed position.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a variable diameter occluding shunt of the present invention in an open state.

Figure 3 is a front view of a shunt short in a variable diameter occluding shunt of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view of a shunt short circuit in a variable diameter blocking flow diverter of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a sliding block sub in a variable diameter block shunt according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a top view of a sliding block sub in a variable diameter block shunt according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a variable diameter occluding shunt of the present invention in a closed position.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a variable diameter occluding shunt of the present invention in an open position.

In the figure: 10. the double-wall drilling tool comprises a double-wall drilling tool body 11, an inner pipe 12, an outer pipe 13, a return channel 14, an injection channel 20, a shunt short joint 21, a shunt short joint body 22, a groove A, a groove 23, a main channel A, a main channel 24, a main channel B, a lateral channel A, a sliding blocking short joint 30, a sliding blocking short joint body 31, a lateral channel B, a boss 33, a groove B, a groove 40, a sliding pressing short joint 41, a spline shaft 42, a spline sleeve 43 and a through hole A.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to figures 1 to 8 of the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, a variable diameter plugging shunt, which is connected at upper and lower portions thereof to a double wall drilling tool 10 and a conventional drilling tool (not shown), respectively, the double wall drilling tool 10 includes an inner tube 11 and an outer tube 12, a drilling medium return passage 13 is formed inside the inner tube 12, and a drilling medium injection passage 14 is formed between the inner tube 11 and the outer tube 12.

The variable diameter occlusion shunt includesShunt short circuit 20, sliding plugging short circuit 30 and sliding pressure short circuit 40(ii) a The shunt short circuit 20 is an axial short circuit, a main channel A23 and a main channel B24 are axially processed in the shunt short circuit, and a lateral channel A25 is radially processed in the shunt short circuit; the sliding pressure short joint 40 comprises a spline shaft 41 and a spline sleeve 42; the spline shaft 41 is a shaft-shaped short joint, a through hole A43 is formed in the spline shaft, and an external spline is axially formed on the outer edge of the spline shaft; the spline housing 42 is a cylindrical short joint, and an internal spline is axially processed inside the spline housing; the upper part of the shunt short joint 20 is connected with a double-wall drilling tool 10, the lower part of the shunt short joint is fixedly connected with the upper end of a spline shaft 41, the spline shaft 41 is connected with a spline housing 42 through an internal spline and an external spline, and the spline housing 42 is connected with a conventional drilling tool at the lower part; the spline housing 42 slides up and down relative to the spline shaft 41, the highest point of upward movement of the spline housing 42 relative to the spline shaft 41 is an upper fulcrum, and the lowest point of downward movement is a lower fulcrum; when the spline housing 42 is located at an upper pivot point relative to the spline shaft 41, the double-wall drilling tool 10 sequentially passes through the shunt short joint 20, the spline shaft 41 and the spline housing 42 to apply torque and bit pressure on a conventional drilling tool at the lower part; with the spline housing 42 at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the double wall drilling tool 10 applies torque and tension to the lower conventional drilling tool sequentially through the shunt short 20, spline shaft 41 and spline housing 42.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the main channel a23 of the shunt short circuit 20 is an axial through hole, and drilling medium passing through the injection channel 14 of the double-wall drilling tool sequentially enters the through hole a43 of the lower spline shaft 41 and the inner hole of the conventional drilling tool through the main channel a 23; the main channel B24 is a blind hole which is axially processed from top to bottom in the shunt short circuit 20 and is respectively communicated with the double-wall drilling tool return channel 13 and the lateral channel A25; the outer edge surface of the shunt short circuit 20 is a stepped cylindrical surface, namely a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface is larger than that of the first cylindrical surface, the second cylindrical surface is positioned at the upper end of the first cylindrical surface, and the lateral channel A25 is communicated with the first cylindrical surface; the second cylindrical surface is axially provided with a groove A22 which penetrates through the second cylindrical surface.

Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the sliding plug short circuit 30 is a cylindrical short circuit, and a lateral passage B32 is radially processed; the lower end of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is fixedly connected with the spline sleeve 42, and the cylindrical surface inside the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is sleeved outside the first cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit 20 and is in clearance fit with the first cylindrical surface; the upper end of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is provided with an upward and outward boss 33; the number of the bosses 33 of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is equal to that of the shunting short circuit grooves A22, and axial grooves B34 are formed among the bosses; the diameter of the cylindrical surface of the outer edge of the body of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit 20, and the outer diameter of the boss 33 of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit 20.

An annular space is formed between the double-wall drilling tool and the conventional drilling tool and the well hole, and the sliding plugging short joint 30 moves up and down along with the spline sleeve. Referring to fig. 1 and 7, when the spline housing 42 is located at the upper pivot point relative to the spline shaft 41, the bosses 33 of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 are inserted into the diversion short circuit grooves a22, the large annular space is divided into an upper large annular space and a lower large annular space, and the drilling medium returned from the lower large annular space sequentially passes through the lateral channel B32, the lateral channel a25 and the main channel B24 to enter the double-wall drilling tool return channel 13. Referring to fig. 2 and 8, when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the bosses 33 of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 are not inserted into the flow dividing short circuit groove a22, and the upper large annular space and the lower large annular space are communicated through a groove a22 and a groove B34 respectively.

Referring to fig. 4, the cross section of the groove a22 of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit 20 is trapezoidal, the included angle α between the two waistlines of the trapezoid is 10 degrees, and the intersection point of the two waistlines is located outside the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit 20. The upper bottom line and the lower bottom line of the trapezoidal groove A22 of the shunt short circuit 20 are circular arc lines. The cross section of the boss 33 of the sliding plugging short circuit 30 is trapezoidal, the included angle beta of two trapezoidal waist lines is 10 degrees, and the intersection point of the two waist lines is positioned outside the sliding plugging short circuit 30. The diameter of the outer diameter of the sliding plugging short circuit boss 33 and the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit 20 is 1mm to 4mm smaller than the diameter of a borehole.

Referring to fig. 1 and 7, when the spline housing 42 is located at the upper pivot point relative to the spline shaft 41, the variable diameter plugging device is in a closed state and divides the large annulus into an upper large annulus and a lower large annulus, and the drilling medium returned from the lower large annulus enters the double-wall drilling tool return passage 13 through the lateral passage B32, the lateral passage a25 and the main passage B24 in sequence. Referring to fig. 2 and 8, when the spline housing 42 is located at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the variable diameter plugging device is in an open state, the upper large annulus and the lower large annulus are communicated through the groove a22 and the groove B3 respectively, the dropping block of the upper large annulus can fall to the lower large annulus, and the drilling medium can enter the upper large annulus through the lower large annulus during reverse circulation and forward circulation.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A variable diameter plugging diverter, the upper part and the lower part of which are respectively connected with a double-wall drilling tool (10) and a conventional drilling tool, the double-wall drilling tool (10) comprises an inner pipe (11) and an outer pipe (12), a drilling medium return channel (13) is formed inside the inner pipe (12), and a drilling medium injection channel (14) is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and the variable diameter plugging diverter is characterized in that: the diameter-variable plugging shunt is formed by sequentially connecting a shunt short circuit (20), a sliding plugging short circuit (30) and a sliding pressure-applying short circuit (40);

the shunt short circuit (20) is an axial short circuit, a main channel A (23) and a main channel B (24) are axially processed in the shunt short circuit, and a lateral channel A (25) is radially processed in the shunt short circuit; the sliding pressure short joint (40) comprises a spline shaft (41) and a spline sleeve (42); the spline shaft (41) is a shaft-shaped short joint, a through hole A (43) is processed in the spline shaft, and an external spline is axially processed at the outer edge of the spline shaft; the spline housing (42) is a cylindrical short joint, and an internal spline is axially processed inside the spline housing; the upper part of the shunt short joint (20) is connected with a double-wall drilling tool (10), the lower part of the shunt short joint is fixedly connected with the upper end of a spline shaft (41), the spline shaft (41) is connected with a spline housing (42) through an internal spline and an external spline, and the spline housing (42) is connected with a lower part conventional drilling tool; the spline housing (42) is in up-and-down sliding fit with the spline shaft (41), the highest point of the spline housing (42) moving upwards relative to the spline shaft (41) is an upper fulcrum, and the lowest point of the spline housing moving downwards is a lower fulcrum; when the spline sleeve (42) is positioned at an upper pivot relative to the spline shaft (41), the double-wall drilling tool (10) sequentially passes through the shunt short joint (20), the spline shaft (41) and the spline sleeve (42) to apply torque and bit pressure to a conventional drilling tool at the lower part; when the spline sleeve (42) is positioned at a lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft (41), the double-wall drilling tool (10) sequentially passes through the shunt short joint (20), the spline shaft (41) and the spline sleeve (42) to apply torque and tension to a conventional drilling tool at the lower part;

a main channel A (23) of the shunt short joint (20) is an axial through hole, and drilling media passing through the injection channel (14) of the double-wall drilling tool sequentially enter a through hole A (43) of a lower spline shaft (41) and an inner pore passage of the conventional drilling tool through the main channel A (23); the main channel B (24) is a blind hole which is axially processed from top to bottom in the shunt short joint (20) and is respectively communicated with the double-wall drilling tool return channel (13) and the lateral channel A (25); the outer edge surface of the shunt short joint (20) is a step cylindrical surface and is respectively a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface is larger than that of the first cylindrical surface, the second cylindrical surface is positioned at the upper end of the first cylindrical surface, and the lateral channel A (25) is communicated with the first cylindrical surface; a groove A (22) penetrating through the second cylindrical surface is axially processed on the second cylindrical surface;

the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is a cylindrical short circuit, and a lateral channel B (32) is radially processed; the lower end of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is fixedly connected with the spline sleeve (42), and the inner cylindrical surface of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is sleeved outside the first cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit (20) and is in clearance fit with the first cylindrical surface; the upper end of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is provided with an upward and outward boss (33); the number of bosses (33) of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is equal to that of the shunting short circuit grooves A (22), and axial grooves B (34) are formed among the bosses; the diameter of the cylindrical surface of the outer edge of the body of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit (20), and the outer diameter of a boss (33) of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit (20);

large annular spaces are formed between the double-wall drilling tool and the conventional drilling tool and a well hole, the sliding plugging short circuit (30) moves up and down along with the spline housing, when the spline housing (42) is positioned at an upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft (41), bosses (33) of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) are inserted into the shunting short circuit groove A (22), the large annular spaces are divided into an upper large annular space and a lower large annular space, and a drilling medium returned from the lower large annular space sequentially passes through a lateral channel B (32), a lateral channel A (25) and a main channel B (24) to enter a double-wall drilling tool return channel (13); when the spline sleeve (42) is located at a lower pivot relative to the spline shaft (41), the bosses (33) of the sliding plugging short circuit (30) are not inserted into the shunting short circuit groove A (22), and the upper large annular space and the lower large annular space are communicated through the groove A (22) and the groove B (34) respectively.

2. The variable diameter occlusion shunt of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of a groove A (22) of a second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit (20) is trapezoidal, the included angle of two trapezoidal waistlines is 10 degrees, and the intersection point of the two waistlines is positioned outside the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short circuit (20).

3. The variable diameter occlusion shunt of claim 2, wherein: the upper bottom line and the lower bottom line of the trapezoidal groove A of the shunt short circuit (20) are arc lines.

4. The variable diameter occlusion shunt of claim 3, wherein: the boss (33) cross section of slip shutoff short circuit (30) is trapezoidal, and trapezoidal two striae contained angles are 10 degrees and the nodical in slip shutoff short circuit (30) outside of two striae.

5. The variable diameter occluding shunt of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the diameter of the outer diameter of the sliding plugging short-circuit boss (33) and the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short-circuit (20) is 1mm to 4mm smaller than the diameter of a borehole.

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