CN111704405B - Sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111704405B CN111704405B CN202010441120.0A CN202010441120A CN111704405B CN 111704405 B CN111704405 B CN 111704405B CN 202010441120 A CN202010441120 A CN 202010441120A CN 111704405 B CN111704405 B CN 111704405B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 to 15 percent of Portland cement, 1.5 to 2 percent of fly ash, 2 to 5 percent of slag, 30 to 35 percent of fine aggregate, 44 to 48 percent of coarse aggregate, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of water reducing agent and 0 to 0.1 percent of sisal nano cellulose. The sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete comprehensively utilizes two solid wastes of fly ash and slag, and the ultra-toughness sisal hemp nano cellulose is added, so that under the action of a water reducing agent, through reasonable proportioning design, the tensile property of the prepared sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete is far higher than that of common concrete, and meanwhile, the internal pore structure of the concrete can be improved to improve the durability of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At the nano and atomic level, the cement-based composite brittle fractures because the ceramic ionic covalent bonds allow for relative displacement at room temperature. The nano-scale cellulose is added into the concrete with brittle mechanical property, which has very important significance for improving the mechanical property. The plant nano-fiber is added into the cement material, so that a good stress bridging effect can be provided, and the toughness, tensile strength and bending resistance of the concrete are enhanced. Foreign scholars add nano-fibers into cement materials to improve the mechanical properties of concrete after cracking. Mechanics experiment research shows that the mechanical property of concrete can be improved by doping the nanofiber in the concrete. The plant fiber is generally changed into the plant nano fiber by a mechanical method rather than a chemical method, so that the damage to the mechanical property of the plant fiber is reduced. The plant fibers with the geometric dimension of mm grade are changed into the plant nano fibers with the geometric dimension of nm grade through mechanical shearing force, and the specific surface area is increased due to the change of the geometric form, so that the binding force with the cementing material is increased; because the concrete pores are alkaline, the ionic bonds of the nanofibers are destroyed, namely the plant nanofibers have hydrolysis reaction in an alkaline environment, and the polymerization degree is reduced; therefore, the plant fiber is made into the nano fiber and is doped into the cement material to reinforce the concrete, so that the method has a very wide development prospect. The plant nano-fiber can enhance the crack resistance of concrete, delay the invasion of external harmful ions (such as chloride ions, sulfate ions and the like), improve the durability of the structure, prolong the service life of the structure, and greatly save the economic cost and the use of resources. In conclusion, the plant nano-fiber added into the concrete has great economic benefit, provides a new way for utilizing local advantageous resources, extending industrial chains and the like, and has important significance for protecting the environment and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of local economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide sisal hemp nano fiber ultra-high toughness concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sisal hemp nano fiber ultra-high toughness concrete comprehensively utilizes two solid wastes of fly ash and slag, and the prepared sisal hemp nano fiber ultra-high toughness concrete can improve the tensile strength of the concrete, enhance the toughness of the concrete, improve the internal pore structure, reduce the permeability and improve the durability of the concrete compared with the common concrete by reasonably blending and modifying nano fibers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the sisal hemp nanofiber ultra-high toughness concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 5 to 20 percent of Portland cement, 0.8 to 2 percent of fly ash, 1.5 to 6 percent of slag, 30 to 40 percent of fine aggregate, 40 to 50 percent of coarse aggregate, 5 to 10 percent of water, 0.02 to 0.3 percent of water reducing agent and 0 to 5 percent of plant nano-cellulose.
As a preferred scheme, the sisal hemp nano fiber ultra-high tenacity concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 to 15 percent of Portland cement, 1.5 to 2 percent of fly ash, 2 to 5 percent of slag, 30 to 35 percent of fine aggregate, 44 to 48 percent of coarse aggregate, 5 to 8 percent of water, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of water reducing agent and 0 to 1 percent of plant nano-cellulose.
As the best scheme, the sisal hemp nanofiber ultra-high toughness concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.57 percent of fine aggregate, 44.34 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.56 percent of plant nano-cellulose.
Further, the plant nano-cellulose is sisal hemp nano-cellulose.
Further, the sisal hemp nano-cellulose is prepared by taking sisal hemp fiber pulp (SP) as a raw material, and a 40.0g powdery sisal hemp fiber pulp sample is put into 420mL of solution with the mass fraction of sodium chlorate (NaOCl) being 10% -20% for bleaching, wherein the bleaching time is 20-25 minutes, and the bleaching temperature is 150-170 ℃.
Furthermore, the sisal nano-cellulose is prepared by soaking bleached sisal fiber pulp (SP) in 2M sodium hydroxide solution for 2h at 155-160 ℃.
Further, the shrinkage inhibitor is one or two of a polycarboxylate high-efficiency water reducing agent and a naphthalene water reducing agent.
Further, the portland cement is P.II 52.5 portland cement, the fly ash is FII-grade low-calcium fly ash, the slag is S95-grade ground slag, and the surface area of the slag is 330-360 m2/kg。。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sisal hemp nanofiber concrete with ultrahigh toughness, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing sisal hemp nanofibers, putting 40.0g of a powdery sisal hemp fiber pulp sample into 420mL of a solution with the mass fraction of sodium chlorate (NaOCl) of 10% -20% for bleaching, wherein the bleaching time is 20-25 minutes, and the bleaching temperature is 150-170 ℃. Soaking bleached sisal fiber pulp (SP) in 2M sodium hydroxide solution for 2h at 155-160 ℃. And (4) washing with distilled water until the pH value of the sample is neutral.
(2) Degreasing and coloring the product obtained in the step (1), and adding 1.492g/mL of chloroform, absolute methanol with the purity of 99.8% and distilled water according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1, preparing a mixed solution, soaking the sample obtained in the step (1) in the mixed solution for 20 minutes, and then washing the sample with distilled water until the pH value is neutral;
3) mixing the sample of step 2) with 2M 100mLHCl (1.1 g/cm)3) Mixing the solutions, standing at 100 deg.C for 10 hr to obtain wet sisal nanocellulose, and standing at 40 deg.C for 7 days to obtain white powder of sisal nanocellulose.
4) Weighing 10-15% of portland cement, 1.5-2% of fly ash, 2-5% of slag, 30-35% of fine aggregate, 44-48% of coarse aggregate, 5-8% of water, 0.1-0.2% of water reducing agent and 0-0.1% of sisal hemp nano cellulose prepared in the step (3) for later use;
5) mixing the portland cement, the fly ash, the slag, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate, the water reducing agent and the sisal nanofiber obtained in the step 4), putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the invention utilizes the large specific surface area and smooth particles of the fly ash, and the fly ash added into the concrete changes the original chemical reaction balance in the concrete, changes the contents of various minerals and also changes the microstructure of the concrete. The impact of fly ash has three main aspects: the morphological effect is that the cement is a composite material composed of various components, the geometric appearance, the surface physical property, the chemical effect and the like of each substance are greatly different, and different physical and chemical effects are generated for different combinations. ② the active effect, the active effect of the fly ash is divided into two types, one is the inherent physical property, and the other is the chemical activity related to the chemical effect of the substance. ③ micro aggregate effect. The fly ash is added to enhance the fluidity of the concrete and increase the working performance of the concrete.
Secondly, the sisal nanofibers improve the internal structure of the concrete by utilizing the characteristic of high tensile strength of the sisal nanofibers, and in the stage of forming micro cracks of the concrete, the sisal nanofibers form a bridging effect between the cracks by utilizing the high tensile strength, so that the further development of the cracks is prevented, and the toughness of the concrete is improved; meanwhile, the sisal nanofibers are dissolved in water, so that the problem that the performance of concrete is unstable due to poor dispersibility of conventional fibers such as steel fibers and sisal fibers is solved.
Thirdly, the sisal hemp nano-fiber in the invention has rich raw materials, solves the problem of sisal hemp pollution and has low price. Sisal is a filamentous algae covering wide coastal areas such as along lakes and oceans; it is environmentally friendly to be kept free of algae, especially in hot climates, which cover the entire water surface and, if not removed from the water, can cause eutrophication of lakes and sea water.
Fourthly, the sisal hemp nano-fiber preparation process is simple and high in preparation efficiency. Compared with other preparation processes, the sisal hemp nano-fiber can be prepared by processes of bleaching, sulfuric acid hydrolysis and the like, so that the processes of purifying by a centrifugal machine and the like are omitted, the energy consumption is reduced, and the preparation speed is increased.
Fifthly, the invention solves the problem of solid waste pollution by utilizing blast furnace slag of a power plant.
Sixth, the invention has simple preparation process, cheap and easily available raw materials, and the cost is obviously lower than carbon fiber and steel fiber concrete.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Preparation work: batch preparation of sisal nanofibers (200g)
1) Putting 40.0g of powdery sisal hemp fiber pulp sample into 420mL of solution with the mass fraction of sodium chlorate (NaOCl) being 10% -20% for bleaching, wherein the bleaching time is 20-25 minutes, and the bleaching temperature is 150-170 ℃. Soaking bleached sisal fiber pulp (SP) in 2M sodium hydroxide solution for 2h at 155-160 ℃. And (4) washing with distilled water until the pH value of the sample is neutral.
(2) Degreasing and coloring the product obtained in the step (1), and adding 1.492g/mL of chloroform, absolute methanol with the purity of 99.8% and distilled water according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1, preparing a mixed solution, soaking the sample obtained in the step (1) in the mixed solution for 20 minutes, and then washing the sample with distilled water until the pH value is neutral;
3) mixing the sample of step 2) with 2M 100mLHCl (1.1 g/cm)3) Mixing the solutions, standing at 100 deg.C for 10 hr to obtain sisal nanocellulose, and standing wet sisal nanocellulose at 40 deg.C for 7 days to obtain white powder of sisal nanocellulose.
4) Repeating the steps 1) -3) until the prepared sisal hemp nano fiber reaches more than 200g for standby;
embodiment 1
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: according to the mass percentage of each component, 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.00 percent of sisal hemp nano cellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.06 percent of sisal nanocellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.14 percent of sisal nanocellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.28 percent of sisal nanocellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: 11.29 percent of portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.42 percent of sisal nano-cellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.56 percent of sisal nanocellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Embodiment 7
The preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete provided in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) the proportion of raw materials is as follows: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.5 percent of fine aggregate, 44.9 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.71 percent of sisal nanocellulose.
2) Mixing the portland cement obtained in the step 1), fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and sisal nanofiber, putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15min, and maintaining for 28d in a natural state.
Performance tests are performed on the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete prepared in the embodiment 1-7, the test mixture ratio is shown in a table 1, and the test result is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 1 blend ratio (kg/m) of sisal hemp nano fiber ultra-high tenacity concrete3)
TABLE 2 test results
As can be seen from the test results in tables 1 and 2, the sisal hemp nanofiber ultra-high-toughness concrete in embodiments 1-7 has high tensile strength, which indicates that the addition of the sisal hemp nanofibers can effectively improve the toughness of the concrete, and the tensile strength of the concrete added with 0.56% of the sisal hemp nanofibers is 2.97 times of that of the common concrete.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to better enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete is characterized in that the ultra-high toughness concrete is doped with plant nano cellulose, and the concrete comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: 5-20% of Portland cement, 0.8-2% of fly ash, 1.5-6% of slag, 30-40% of fine aggregate, 40-50% of coarse aggregate, 5-10% of water, 0.02-0.3% of water reducing agent and 0-5% of plant cellulose; the preparation method of the sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sisal hemp nanofibers, putting 40.0g of a powdery sisal hemp fiber pulp sample into 420mL of solution with the mass fraction of sodium hypochlorite being 10% -20% for bleaching, wherein the bleaching time is 20-25 minutes, the bleaching temperature is 150-170 ℃, soaking the bleached sisal hemp fiber pulp in 2M sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours, the temperature is 155-160 ℃, and cleaning with distilled water until the pH value of the sample is neutral;
(2) degreasing and coloring matters in the step (1), preparing a mixed solution by using 1.492g/mL of chloroform, absolute methanol with the purity of 99.8% and distilled water according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1, soaking the sample obtained in the step (1) in the mixed solution for 20 minutes, and then washing the sample by using distilled water until the pH value is neutral;
(3) mixing the sample obtained in the step (2) with 2M 100mL of HCl solution, standing for 10 hours at 100 ℃ to obtain wet sisal hemp nano-cellulose, and standing the wet sisal hemp nano-cellulose for 7 days at 40 ℃ to obtain white powder of the sisal hemp nano-cellulose;
(4) weighing portland cement, fly ash, slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, a water reducing agent and the sisal nano-cellulose prepared in the step (3) according to mass percentage for later use;
(5) and (4) mixing the portland cement, the fly ash, the slag, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate, the water reducing agent and the sisal nanofiber obtained in the step (4), putting the mixture into a concrete mixer, stirring for 15 minutes, and naturally curing for 28 days.
2. The sisal nano-cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete according to claim 1, wherein the concrete batch comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-15% of Portland cement, 1.5-2% of fly ash, 2-5% of slag, 30-35% of fine aggregate, 44-48% of coarse aggregate, 5-8% of water, 0.1-0.2% of water reducing agent and 0-1% of plant cellulose.
3. The sisal hemp nano-cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete according to claim 2, wherein the ultra-high performance concrete batch comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.29 percent of Portland cement, 1.61 percent of fly ash, 3.23 percent of slag, 33.57 percent of fine aggregate, 44.34 percent of coarse aggregate, 6.97 percent of water, 0.17 percent of water reducing agent and 0.56 percent of plant cellulose.
4. The sisal nanocellulose ultrahigh-toughness concrete according to claim 1, wherein the plant cellulose is sisal nanocellulose.
5. The sisal nanocellulose ultrahigh-toughness concrete according to claim 4, wherein the sisal nanocellulose is prepared from sisal fiber pulp.
6. The sisal nano-cellulose ultrahigh-toughness concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein said portland cement is P.II52.5 portland cement, said fly ash is FII-grade low-calcium fly ash, said slag is S95-grade ground slag, and its surface area is 330-360 m2/kg。
7. The sisal hemp nano cellulose ultra-high toughness concrete of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is one or two of a polycarboxylate high efficiency water reducing agent and a naphthalene water reducing agent.
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