CN111704193A - Composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite and application - Google Patents
Composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite and application Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly discloses a composite sewage treatment medicament based on modified bentonite, which comprises the following components: 35-50 parts of modified bentonite, 10-15 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 3-5 parts of a flocculating agent, wherein the flocculating agent is a mixture of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride; the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps: roasting bentonite at 300-450 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling and grinding to obtain activated bentonite; adding sodium chloride, urea and distilled water into activated bentonite, mixing, and performing microwave radiation treatment to obtain sodium bentonite; sodium bentonite is prepared into turbid liquid, mixed with aminomethylated polystyrene and chloroacetic acid, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain the modified bentonite. The composite sewage treatment agent has the effects of efficient adsorption and coagulating sedimentation, can remove various pollutants in the wastewater, and has good treatment effect on industrial wastewater, short time and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite and application thereof.
Background
Industrial waste water refers to waste water and waste liquid discharged during the process of production, which contains industrial production materials, intermediate products, byproducts and pollutants generated during the production process, which are lost along with water. The main pollution caused by industrial wastewater is: organic aerobic substance contamination, chemical poison contamination, inorganic suspended solid contamination, heavy metal contamination, and the like. With the rapid development of industry, the pollution of industrial wastewater to water bodies is becoming more extensive and serious, and the health and safety of human beings are threatened. Therefore, it is important to perform industrial wastewater treatment.
The adsorption method is adopted for wastewater treatment, and has the advantages of simple operation, cheap and easily-obtained adsorbent, excellent removal effect, no secondary pollution and the like, wherein the adsorption material which is widely applied has the characteristics of activated carbon, fly ash, clay, zeolite and the like, wherein the activated carbon has strong adsorption capacity, but the activated carbon has higher treatment cost, large regeneration energy consumption and low efficiency, so that the application of the activated carbon is limited; the fly ash, clay, zeolite and the like have small adsorption capacity to heavy metals, slow adsorption rate and low removal efficiency, and the effluent can not reach the corresponding national standard, so the application range is limited. The main mineral component of bentonite is montmorillonite, bentonite particles are formed by stacking hundreds of montmorillonite structure unit layers, interlayer domains formed among the unit layers form a space with a huge inner surface, and the structural characteristics determine that the bentonite has higher cation exchange capacity and good adsorption performance. The bentonite reserves in China are the first in the world, the sources are very wide, the price is low, and no secondary pollution is generated, so that the bentonite wastewater treatment adsorbent has high feasibility for development. Natural bentonite is used as an adsorbent, so that the number of adsorption objects is small, the adsorption range and the adsorption capacity are limited greatly, and the effect of wastewater treatment is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to modify bentonite to efficiently treat wastewater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite, which modifies the bentonite, enlarges the adsorption capacity and the adsorption range of the bentonite, and compounds the modified bentonite, composite nano calcium hydroxide and a flocculating agent to realize the high-efficiency treatment of wastewater.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the invention is a composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite, and the composite sewage treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-50 parts of modified bentonite, 10-15 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 3-5 parts of a flocculating agent, wherein the flocculating agent is a mixture of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride;
the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
(1) roasting bentonite at 300-450 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling and grinding to 200-350 mesh powder to obtain activated bentonite;
(2) adding sodium chloride, urea and distilled water into the activated bentonite obtained in the step (1), mixing, stirring and mixing for 30-40 min, then carrying out microwave radiation treatment for 3-5 min, filtering, washing and drying to obtain sodium bentonite;
(3) mixing 40-50 parts by weight of sodium bentonite with distilled water to prepare turbid liquid, sequentially adding 4-6 parts by weight of aminomethylated polystyrene, 5-8 parts by weight of chloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide solution into the turbid liquid, stirring and mixing, performing ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 30-60 min, filtering, washing a filter cake with water, and drying the filter cake to obtain the modified bentonite.
The modified bentonite in the technical scheme has the following modification principle: the bentonite is firstly roasted at a certain temperature, and molecular water and organic matters on the surface of the bentonite and between structural layers are evaporated by volatilization and combustion, so that the pore passage is dredged, the specific surface area is increased, the adsorption obstruction of a water film to organic pollutants is reduced, and the cation exchange capacity is increased. Then carrying out sodium treatment, introducing low-valence sodium ions between bentonite layers, improving the exchangeability of cations between the layers, and regulating and controlling the interlayer spacing, thereby changing the interlayer structure and improving the surface activity, and adding urea in the treatment process has a catalytic action to promote the sodification of bentonite, and also has an activation action to expand the bentonite and expand the interlayer spacing; the microwave radiation treatment can accelerate the sodium treatment of the bentonite, improve the quality of the sodium bentonite and improve the ion exchange capacity. Finally, the aminomethylated polystyrene and chloroacetic acid are subjected to ultrasonic-assisted treatment to react on the surface of the sodium bentonite, so that a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid compound (iminodiacetic acid polystyrene chelate) with a chelating coordination effect is formed and loaded on the sodium bentonite to be chelated with heavy metals in various forms in a water body, and the free and complex heavy metals in the water body are effectively removed, so that the adsorption performance of the bentonite is improved. The modified diatomite can effectively play a role in coagulation, and remove various pollutants such as heavy metal ions, suspended substances, colloidal particles, organic matters and the like in the wastewater.
Preferably, in the composite sewage treatment agent, the mass ratio of the sodium polyacrylate, the cationic starch and the polyaluminium chloride in the flocculant is 3-5: 2-3: 1.
Preferably, in the compound sewage treatment agent, in the step (2), the addition amount of sodium chloride is 10-15% of the mass of the activated bentonite, the addition amount of urea is 5-8% of the mass of the activated bentonite, and the addition amount of distilled water is 40-50% of the mass of the activated bentonite.
Preferably, in the above composite sewage treatment agent, in the step (2), the microwave radiation power is 500 to 700W.
Preferably, in the above composite sewage treatment agent, in the step (3), the solid content of the suspension is 8-12%.
Preferably, in the above composite sewage treatment agent, in the step (3), the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 10 to 15%, and the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10 to 20 parts.
Preferably, in the above composite sewage treatment agent, in the step (3), the drying treatment temperature is 60 to 80 ℃ and the drying time is 12 to 24 hours.
An application of the composite sewage treatment agent in industrial wastewater treatment.
Preferably, in the application, the adding amount of the composite sewage treatment agent is 4-6 g/L, the composite sewage treatment agent is added into the industrial wastewater, stirred and mixed for 1-2 hours, kept stand for 1-3 hours, and filtered to remove precipitates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the composite sewage treatment agent disclosed by the invention is simple in component, safe and reliable, has the effects of efficient adsorption and coagulating sedimentation by combining the efficient adsorption effect of the modified bentonite, the sedimentation effect of the nano calcium hydroxide and the flocculation assisting effect of the flocculating agent, can be used for removing various pollutants such as heavy metal ions, suspended substances, colloidal particles and organic matters in the wastewater, is wide in pollutant removal type and excellent in removal effect, and can be used for the field of various wastewater treatment.
2. In the modification of the bentonite, the bentonite is roasted at a certain temperature to evaporate molecular water and organic matters on the surface of the bentonite and between structural layers, so that a pore passage is dredged, the specific surface area is increased, the adsorption obstruction of a water film to organic pollutants is reduced, and the cation exchange capacity is increased. Then sodium treatment is carried out, low-valence sodium ions are introduced between bentonite layers, the cation exchange performance between layers is improved, the interlayer structure is changed, the interlayer spacing is regulated and controlled, the surface activity is improved, and the ion exchange capacity is improved. And finally, loading the polyamino polycarboxylic acid compound with chelating coordination on the surface and layers of the sodium bentonite, so that the modified bentonite has a larger adsorption space and the adsorption capacity is improved.
3. The composite sewage treatment agent disclosed by the invention combines the anion and cation flocculating agent and the organic and inorganic flocculating agent, and the inorganic flocculating agent adsorbs impurities and suspended particles to form particles which are gradually enlarged; the organic polymer flocculant generates a net catching effect by using active groups adsorbed on organic polymers through the self-bridging effect, and other impurity particles are caught and sink together to enhance the flocculation assisting effect.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 48 parts of modified bentonite, 12 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 4 parts of flocculating agent, wherein the flocculating agent is composed of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride in a mass ratio of 4:2.5: 1.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
(1) roasting bentonite at 400 ℃ for 2h, cooling and grinding to 200-350 mesh powder to obtain activated bentonite;
(2) adding 12% of sodium chloride, 6% of urea and 45% of distilled water by mass of the activated bentonite into the activated bentonite obtained in the step (1), mixing under stirring for 30min, then treating for 5min under the microwave radiation power of 700W, filtering, washing for 4 times by using distilled water, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain sodium bentonite;
(3) mixing 45 parts of sodium bentonite and distilled water by weight to prepare a suspension with a solid content of 10%, sequentially adding 5 parts of aminomethylated polystyrene, 7 parts of chloroacetic acid and 15 parts of sodium hydroxide solution into the suspension, stirring and mixing, wherein the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 12%, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30min, filtering, washing a filter cake with water, and drying the filter cake at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 24h to obtain the modified bentonite.
Example 2
A composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38 parts of modified bentonite, 15 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 3.5 parts of flocculant, wherein the flocculant is composed of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride in a mass ratio of 3:2: 1.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
(1) roasting bentonite at 450 ℃ for 1h, cooling and grinding to 200-350 mesh powder to obtain activated bentonite;
(2) adding 15% of sodium chloride, 7% of urea and 48% of distilled water by mass of the activated bentonite into the activated bentonite obtained in the step (1), mixing under stirring for 30min, then treating for 5min under the microwave radiation power of 600W, filtering, washing for 4 times by using distilled water, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain sodium bentonite;
(3) mixing 50 parts by weight of sodium bentonite and distilled water to prepare a suspension with a solid content of 12%, sequentially adding 6 parts by weight of aminomethylated polystyrene, 8 parts by weight of chloroacetic acid and 18 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide solution into the suspension, stirring and mixing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 70 ℃ for 35min for 15% in the sodium hydroxide solution, filtering, washing a filter cake with water, and drying the filter cake at 60 ℃ for 24h to obtain the modified bentonite.
Example 3
A composite sewage treatment agent based on modified bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified bentonite, 13 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 5 parts of flocculant, wherein the flocculant is composed of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride in a mass ratio of 5:3: 1.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
(1) roasting bentonite at 450 ℃ for 1h, cooling and grinding to 200-350 mesh powder to obtain activated bentonite;
(2) adding 10% of sodium chloride, 5% of urea and 40% of distilled water by mass of activated bentonite into the activated bentonite obtained in the step (1), mixing under stirring for 30min, then treating for 4min under the microwave radiation power of 550W, filtering, washing for 4 times by using distilled water, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain sodium bentonite;
(3) mixing 42 parts of sodium bentonite and distilled water by weight to prepare suspension with the solid content of 10%, sequentially adding 4.5 parts of aminomethylated polystyrene, 6.5 parts of chloroacetic acid and 12 parts of sodium hydroxide solution into the suspension, stirring and mixing, wherein the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 10%, performing ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30min, filtering, washing a filter cake with water, and drying the filter cake at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 20h to obtain the modified bentonite.
Comparative example 1
A composite sewage treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 48 parts of bentonite, 12 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 4 parts of flocculant, wherein the flocculant is composed of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride in a mass ratio of 4:2.5: 1. The bentonite is not modified.
Comparative example 2
A composite sewage treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 48 parts of modified bentonite, 12 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 4 parts of flocculating agent, wherein the flocculating agent is composed of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride in a mass ratio of 4:2.5: 1.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
(1) roasting bentonite at 400 ℃ for 2h, cooling and grinding to 200-350 mesh powder to obtain activated bentonite;
(2) and (2) adding 12% of sodium chloride, 6% of urea and 45% of distilled water by mass of the activated bentonite into the activated bentonite obtained in the step (1), mixing under stirring for 30min, then treating for 5min under the microwave radiation power of 700W, filtering, washing for 4 times by using distilled water, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain sodium bentonite, namely the modified bentonite.
In order to verify the performance of the composite sewage treatment agent prepared by the invention, the treatment agent prepared by the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 is used for wastewater treatment, the wastewater is randomly sampled industrial wastewater, the industrial wastewater contains pollutants such as heavy metal ions and organic waste, the content of heavy metal is 46.2mg/L, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 96mg/L, the content of phosphorus is 11.5mg/L, and the COD (chemical oxygen demand) is 1132 mg/L. And (3) adding 5g of the composite sewage treatment agent into every 1L of wastewater for purification treatment, adding the treatment agent into the wastewater, stirring for 2 hours, standing for 1 hour, filtering to remove precipitates, and finishing industrial wastewater treatment, wherein the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of each treatment agent on removal of contaminants from wastewater
Table 1 shows the removal effect of each treatment agent on pollutants in wastewater, and it can be seen from the table that the removal rate of the composite wastewater treatment agent of the embodiment of the present invention on heavy metal ions reaches more than 95%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reaches more than 85%, the removal rate of phosphorus reaches more than 85%, the removal rate of COD reaches more than 94%, and the treatment agent of the comparative example has an obviously excellent removal effect on pollutants in wastewater.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The composite sewage treatment agent based on the modified bentonite is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 35-50 parts of modified bentonite, 10-15 parts of nano calcium hydroxide and 3-5 parts of a flocculating agent, wherein the flocculating agent is a mixture of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride;
the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
(1) roasting bentonite at 300-450 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling and grinding to 200-350 mesh powder to obtain activated bentonite;
(2) adding sodium chloride, urea and distilled water into the activated bentonite obtained in the step (1), mixing, stirring and mixing for 30-40 min, then carrying out microwave radiation treatment for 3-5 min, filtering, washing and drying to obtain sodium bentonite;
(3) mixing 40-50 parts by weight of sodium bentonite with distilled water to prepare turbid liquid, sequentially adding 4-6 parts by weight of aminomethylated polystyrene, 5-8 parts by weight of chloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide solution into the turbid liquid, stirring and mixing, performing ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 30-60 min, filtering, washing a filter cake with water, and drying the filter cake to obtain the modified bentonite.
2. The composite sewage treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of sodium polyacrylate, cationic starch and polyaluminium chloride in the flocculant is 3-5: 2-3: 1.
3. The composite sewage treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the addition amount of sodium chloride is 10-15% of the mass of the activated bentonite, the addition amount of urea is 5-8% of the mass of the activated bentonite, and the addition amount of distilled water is 40-50% of the mass of the activated bentonite.
4. The composite sewage treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the microwave radiation power is 500-700W.
5. The composite sewage treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the solid content of the suspension is 8-12%.
6. The composite sewage treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 10-15%, and the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10-20 parts.
7. The composite sewage treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 12-24 h.
8. The application of the composite sewage treatment agent as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7 in industrial wastewater treatment.
9. The application of claim 8, wherein the adding amount of the composite sewage treatment agent is 4-6 g/L, the composite sewage treatment agent is added into the industrial wastewater, stirred and mixed for 1-2 h, kept stand for 1-3 h, and filtered to remove precipitates.
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| CN112316893A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-05 | 华东理工大学 | Preparation method and application of bentonite composite material for adsorbing and degrading site odor substances |
| CN113149232A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-23 | 神美科技有限公司 | River and lake water treatment agent |
| CN115092998A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-23 | 庆阳新庄煤业有限公司新庄煤矿 | Salt-reducing ash-reducing coal dust-removing flocculating agent for return air main roadway water collecting tank |
| CN115367853A (en) * | 2022-08-20 | 2022-11-22 | 河北择赛生物科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly medicament for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN115634668A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-24 | 同济大学 | Preparation and use methods of sodium bentonite-loaded chitosan heavy metal stabilizing agent |
| CN115872674A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-31 | 河南三棵树新材料科技有限公司 | Plugging material assisting in sewage treatment and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN112316893B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2023-07-07 | 华东理工大学 | Preparation method and application of bentonite composite material for adsorbing and degrading site peculiar smell substances |
| CN112316893A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-05 | 华东理工大学 | Preparation method and application of bentonite composite material for adsorbing and degrading site odor substances |
| CN113149232A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-23 | 神美科技有限公司 | River and lake water treatment agent |
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Application publication date: 20200925 |