CN111703498B - Control circuit and control method for simple wire-controlled steering system of passenger car - Google Patents
Control circuit and control method for simple wire-controlled steering system of passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN111703498B CN111703498B CN202010565826.8A CN202010565826A CN111703498B CN 111703498 B CN111703498 B CN 111703498B CN 202010565826 A CN202010565826 A CN 202010565826A CN 111703498 B CN111703498 B CN 111703498B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/046—Controlling the motor
- B62D5/0463—Controlling the motor calculating assisting torque from the motor based on driver input
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/0475—Controlling other elements
- B62D5/0478—Clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D6/00—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control circuit and a control method for a simple wire-controlled steering system of a passenger vehicle, aiming at overcoming the defects of an electric power-assisted steering system in the prior art, and being capable of utilizing a line to transmit signals to control an actuating mechanism to act so as to eliminate mechanical transmission and mechanical connection between a steering wheel and a steering mechanism of the electric power-assisted steering system and realize steering completely by electric energy. The circuit structure includes: the steering angle torque detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of steering torque of a steering wheel; the vehicle speed signal detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of the running speed of the vehicle; the motor control circuit is used for acquiring a position detection signal and a motor current detection signal of the power-assisted motor rotor and controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate; a clutch control circuit; and the electric control unit is used for controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate through the motor control circuit according to the steering torque signal of the steering wheel acquired by the corner torque acquisition circuit and the vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed signal detection circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile control circuit systems, in particular to a control circuit of a simple wire control steering system of a passenger car.
Background
The main stream of the current automobile steering system is an electric power-assisted steering system, which is a power steering system directly relying on a motor to provide auxiliary torque and mainly comprises a torque sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, a motor, a speed reducing mechanism, an electric control unit ECU and the like. The electric power steering control unit controls the torque output of the power-assisted motor in real time by detecting the torque input of a driver and vehicle state signals such as the vehicle speed, the engine rotating speed and the like, provides better steering power and can ensure the low-speed steering portability and the high-speed steering stability of the vehicle. However, the electric power steering system still has the following disadvantages:
1) the electric power-assisted steering system is a mechanical system, the mechanical connection between a steering wheel and a steering mechanism greatly limits the design of the force transfer characteristic and the angle transfer characteristic of the automobile steering system, and the design performance of the automobile steering characteristic also has a great improvement space.
2) In a collision accident, mechanical connections such as steering columns are prone to cause injury to drivers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of an electric power-assisted steering system in the prior art, and provides a control circuit and a control method of a simple wire-controlled steering system of a passenger vehicle, which utilize a line to transmit a signal to control the action of an actuating mechanism so as to eliminate the mechanical transmission and mechanical connection between a steering wheel and a steering mechanism of the electric power-assisted steering system and completely realize steering by electric energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a control circuit of a simple wire control steering system of a passenger vehicle, which is used for controlling a steering power-assisted mechanism of wheels of the passenger vehicle, wherein the steering power-assisted mechanism comprises a power-assisted motor, a clutch and a speed reducing mechanism, the power-assisted motor is connected with the speed reducing mechanism through the clutch, the speed reducing mechanism is connected with a wheel steering gear, and the circuit structure comprises:
the steering angle torque detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of steering torque of a steering wheel;
the vehicle speed signal detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of the running speed of the vehicle;
the motor control circuit is used for acquiring a position detection signal and a motor current detection signal of a rotor of the power-assisted motor and controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate;
the clutch control circuit is used for controlling the clutch to be opened and closed;
and the electric control unit is electrically connected with the corner torque acquisition circuit, the vehicle speed signal detection circuit and the motor control circuit and is used for controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate through the motor control circuit according to a steering torque signal of a steering wheel acquired by the corner torque acquisition circuit and a vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed signal detection circuit.
Preferably, the booster motor is a three-phase brushless direct current motor, and a three-phase star-connected full-bridge driving method is adopted.
Preferably, the motor control circuit comprises a hall signal sensor, a motor driving circuit, a motor current sampling circuit and a motor power inverter circuit, wherein the hall signal sensor is used for detecting the position of the rotor of the power-assisted motor, the motor driving circuit is used for controlling the rotation angle and the running speed of the motor, and the motor current sampling circuit is used for detecting the current of the motor.
Preferably, the motor control circuit further comprises a protection circuit, and the protection circuit comprises an overcurrent and overload protection circuit, an overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit and a buffer circuit.
Preferably, the electronic control unit comprises a micro-processing unit module, a power circuit, a clock circuit, a reset circuit, a UART communication interface circuit and a CAN communication interface circuit, and the micro-processing unit module is connected with the power circuit, the clock circuit, the reset circuit, the UART communication interface circuit and the CAN communication interface circuit.
Preferably, the microprocessing unit module adopts a dsPIC30F4011 singlechip.
Preferably, the rotation angle torque detection circuit includes an SX-4300A contact type torque and multi-turn position sensor.
The invention also provides a control method of the simple steer-by-wire system of the passenger car, which comprises the following steps:
and 4, controlling the rotation direction of the power-assisted motor and the current of the power-assisted motor by the motor control circuit, and enabling the power-assisted motor to output power assistance to the wheel steering gear in the required power assistance direction and the required rotation speed.
Preferably, the step 4 further comprises:
the power-assisted motor adopts a three-phase brushless direct current motor;
the voltage drop on a sampling resistor of a motor inverter circuit is detected, and current feedback is obtained after filtering and amplification;
calculating speed feedback quantity according to Hall signals acquired by a Hall signal sensor;
the speed feedback quantity and the given rotating speed form deviation, a current reference quantity is generated after PI regulation, and the deviation of the current feedback quantity and the current reference quantity generates a control quantity of a PWM signal duty ratio after PI regulation, so that the rotating speed control of the motor is realized.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the mechanical transmission and the mechanical connection between a steering wheel and a steering mechanism of the electric power-assisted steering system are eliminated by controlling the action of the actuating mechanism by using a circuit to transmit signals, and the steering is completely realized by electric energy.
(2) The force transfer characteristic and the angle transfer characteristic of the steering system are designed by establishing a functional relation between a torque signal and a steering angle signal of a steering angle torque sensor and an actual torque and steering angle value of a steering wheel. The steering system has the advantages that different steering power-assisted characteristics can be set under different driving road conditions, and the performance of the steering system is improved.
(3) This scheme adopts the speed of a motor vehicle response type helping hand characteristic curve of straight line form, and this helping hand characteristic curve's settlement rule is: when the automobile speed is in the same set range, the target current of the power-assisted motor and the torque of the steering wheel are in a linear relation. In different vehicle speed range sections, the proportional coefficients of the target current of the power-assisted motor and the torque of the steering wheel are different, and the higher the vehicle speed is, the smaller the proportional coefficient is. Different proportionality coefficients between the target current and the steering wheel torque under different vehicle speed range sections can be set through a single chip microcomputer program.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a simple steer-by-wire system for a passenger car according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of a power-assisted characteristic of a control method of a simple steer-by-wire system for a passenger car according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the definition of the chip interface of the microprocessor unit module dsPIC30F4011 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the speed control of the three-phase brushless dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a motor driving circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a power inverter circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a hall signal interface circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a motor current sampling circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle speed signal circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a clutch control circuit in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a steering wheel signal conditioning circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is marked with: 1. an electronic control unit; 101. a micro-processing unit module; 102. a power supply circuit; 103. a clock circuit; 104. a reset circuit; 105. a UART communication interface circuit; 106. a CAN communication interface circuit; 2. a rotation angle torque detection circuit; 3. a vehicle speed signal detection circuit; 4. a booster motor; 401. a Hall signal sensor; 402. a motor drive circuit; 403. a motor current sampling circuit; 404. a motor power inverter circuit; 405. a protection circuit; 5. a clutch control circuit; 6. a clutch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the control circuit of the simple steer-by-wire system for passenger vehicles of the present invention is used for controlling a steering assist mechanism of wheels of a passenger vehicle, wherein the steering assist mechanism comprises an assist motor, a clutch and a speed reducing mechanism, the assist motor is connected to the speed reducing mechanism through the clutch, the speed reducing mechanism is connected to a wheel steering gear, and the circuit structure comprises:
and the corner torque detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of the steering torque of the steering wheel.
And the vehicle speed signal detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of the running speed of the vehicle. Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle speed signal circuit in an embodiment of the invention.
And the motor control circuit is used for acquiring a position detection signal and a motor current detection signal of the power-assisted motor rotor and controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate.
And the clutch control circuit is used for controlling the clutch to be opened and closed. Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a clutch control circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
And the electric control unit is electrically connected with the corner torque acquisition circuit, the vehicle speed signal detection circuit and the motor control circuit and is used for controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate through the motor control circuit according to a steering torque signal of a steering wheel acquired by the corner torque acquisition circuit and a vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed signal detection circuit.
The electric control unit comprises a micro-processing unit module, a power circuit, a clock circuit, a reset circuit, a UART communication interface circuit and a CAN communication interface circuit, wherein the micro-processing unit module is connected with the power circuit, the clock circuit, the reset circuit, the UART communication interface circuit and the CAN communication interface circuit.
The microprocessor unit module adopts a dsPIC30F4011 singlechip, and FIG. 3 is a dsPIC30F4011 chip interface definition diagram.
The corner torque detection circuit of the embodiment adopts an SX-4300A contact type torque and multi-turn position sensor of BI scientific company. In the embodiment, the 3 paths of analog signals including the steering wheel angle signal P2, the steering wheel number signal P3 and the steering wheel torque signal T2 are selected and collected and are all in the range of 0-5V. The dsPIC30F4011 singlechip is internally provided with 9 channels and 10-bit A/D. The collected signals P2, P3 and T2 are respectively input to A/D pins AN0, AN1 and AN2 of the dsPIC30F4011 singlechip after high-frequency interference signals are removed by the filter circuit. P2, P3 and T2 signal conditioning circuit. Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of a steering wheel signal conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The steering wheel corner torque sensor selected by the scheme has 2 paths of torque signals and 3 paths of corner signals (1 path of steering wheel circle number signals and 2 paths of steering wheel angle signals) which are complementarily and symmetrically output. In actual use, 1 path of torque signal and 2 paths of corner signals (1 path of steering wheel coil number signal and 1 path of steering wheel angle signal) can be selected.
The power-assisted motor adopts a three-phase brushless direct current motor and adopts a three-phase star-shaped connection full-bridge driving mode.
The motor control circuit comprises a Hall signal sensor, a motor driving circuit, a motor current sampling circuit and a motor power inverter circuit.
The hall signal sensor is used for detecting the position of the rotor of the power-assisted motor, and fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a hall signal interface circuit in the embodiment of the invention.
The motor driving circuit is used for controlling the rotation angle and the operation speed of the motor, and fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the motor driving circuit in the embodiment of the invention.
The motor current sampling circuit is used for detecting the motor current. Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a motor current sampling circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a motor power inverter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The motor control circuit further comprises a protection circuit, and the protection circuit comprises an overcurrent and overload protection circuit, an overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit and a buffer circuit.
The corner torque detection circuit comprises an SX-4300A contact type torque and multi-turn position sensor.
The invention also provides a control method of the simple steer-by-wire system of the passenger car based on the control circuit of the simple steer-by-wire system of the passenger car, which comprises the following steps:
fig. 2 is a graph showing the boosting characteristic. This scheme adopts sharp linear speed of a motor vehicle response type helping hand characteristic curve, and this helping hand characteristic curve's settlement rule is: when the automobile speed is in the same set range, the target current of the power-assisted motor and the torque of the steering wheel are in a linear relation. In different vehicle speed range sections, the proportional coefficients of the target current of the power-assisted motor and the torque of the steering wheel are different, and the higher the vehicle speed is, the smaller the proportional coefficient is. Different proportionality coefficients between the target current and the steering wheel torque under different vehicle speed range sections can be set through a single chip microcomputer program.
The specific design rule of the power assisting characteristic curve in the embodiment is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 0km/h and less than 10km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 10km/h and less than 20km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 20km/h and less than 30km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 30km/h and less than 35km/h, the relation between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 35km/h and less than 40km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 40km/h and less than 47.5km/h, the relation between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
and 3, controlling the clutch to be closed by the electronic control unit, so that the power-assisted motor is linked with the speed reducing mechanism and the wheel steering gear.
And 4, controlling the rotation direction of the power-assisted motor and the current of the power-assisted motor by the motor control circuit, so that the power-assisted motor outputs power assistance to the wheel steering gear in the required power-assisted direction and rotation speed.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of speed regulation control of a three-phase brushless dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the step 4 includes the step of controlling the rotation direction of the power-assisted motor and the current of the power-assisted motor by the motor control circuit, so that the step of outputting the power-assisted motor to the wheel steering gear in the required power-assisted direction and rotation speed further includes:
the power-assisted motor adopts a three-phase brushless direct current motor;
the voltage drop on a sampling resistor of a motor inverter circuit is detected, and current feedback is obtained after filtering and amplification;
calculating speed feedback quantity according to Hall signals acquired by a Hall signal sensor;
the speed feedback quantity and the given rotating speed form deviation, a current reference quantity is generated after PI regulation, and the deviation of the current feedback quantity and the current reference quantity generates a control quantity of a PWM signal duty ratio after PI regulation, so that the rotating speed control of the motor is realized.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a simple and easy drive-by-wire steering system control circuit of passenger car, control circuit is used for controlling the power assist drive device that turns to of passenger car wheel, turn to power assist drive device and include helping hand motor, clutch and reduction gears, helping hand motor passes through the clutch and connects reduction gears, and reduction gears connects the wheel steering ware, characterized by, circuit structure includes:
the steering angle torque detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of steering torque of a steering wheel;
the vehicle speed signal detection circuit is used for acquiring a detection signal of the running speed of the vehicle;
the motor control circuit is used for acquiring a position detection signal and a motor current detection signal of the power-assisted motor rotor and controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate;
the clutch control circuit is used for controlling the clutch to be opened and closed;
the electric control unit is electrically connected with the corner torque acquisition circuit, the vehicle speed signal detection circuit and the motor control circuit and is used for controlling the power-assisted motor to rotate through the motor control circuit according to a steering torque signal of a steering wheel acquired by the corner torque acquisition circuit and a vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed signal detection circuit;
step 1, when a steering wheel rotates, a turning angle torque detection circuit detects the rotating direction, the rotating angle and the torque of the steering wheel, and a vehicle speed signal detection circuit detects the running speed of a vehicle;
step 2, determining the power assisting direction and the power assisting motor current of the needed power assisting motor according to a preset power assisting characteristic curve rule;
step 3, the electric control unit controls the clutch to be closed, so that the power-assisted motor is linked with the speed reducing mechanism and the wheel steering gear;
step 4, the motor control circuit controls the rotation direction of the power-assisted motor and the current of the power-assisted motor, so that the power-assisted motor outputs power assistance to the wheel steering gear in the required power assistance direction and rotation speed;
the rule according to the preset power assisting characteristic curve is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 0km/h and less than 10km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 10km/h and less than 20km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 20km/h and less than 30km/h, the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the steering wheelThe relation between the actual torque values T (unit: N m) is:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 30km/h and less than 35km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
when the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 35km/h and less than 40km/h, the relationship between the current I (unit: A) of the power-assisted motor and the actual torque value T (unit: N.m) of the steering wheel is as follows:
2. the control circuit of claim 1, wherein the power-assisted motor is a three-phase brushless DC motor, and is driven by a three-phase star-coupled full-bridge.
3. The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the motor control circuit comprises a hall signal sensor, a motor driving circuit, a motor current sampling circuit and a motor power inverter circuit, the hall signal sensor is used for detecting the position of the rotor of the power-assisted motor, the motor driving circuit is used for controlling the rotation angle and the running speed of the motor, and the motor current sampling circuit is used for detecting the current of the motor.
4. The control circuit of claim 3, wherein the motor control circuit further comprises a protection circuit, and the protection circuit comprises an overcurrent and overload protection circuit, an overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit, and a buffer circuit.
5. The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the electronic control unit comprises a microprocessor module, a power circuit, a clock circuit, a reset circuit, a UART communication interface circuit, and a CAN communication interface circuit, and the microprocessor module is connected to the power circuit, the clock circuit, the reset circuit, the UART communication interface circuit, and the CAN communication interface circuit.
6. The control circuit of the simple steer-by-wire system of the passenger car as claimed in claim 5, wherein the microprocessor module adopts a dsPIC30F4011 single chip microcomputer.
7. The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the steering angle torque detection circuit comprises an SX-4300A contact torque and multi-turn position sensor.
8. The control circuit of simple steer-by-wire system for passenger vehicle of claim 3, wherein said step 4 further comprises:
the power-assisted motor adopts a three-phase brushless direct current motor;
the voltage drop on a sampling resistor of a motor inverter circuit is detected, and current feedback is obtained after filtering and amplification;
calculating speed feedback quantity according to Hall signals acquired by a Hall signal sensor;
the speed feedback quantity and the given rotating speed form deviation, a current reference quantity is generated after PI regulation, and the deviation of the current feedback quantity and the current reference quantity generates a control quantity of a PWM signal duty ratio after PI regulation, so that the rotating speed control of the motor is realized.
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CN101596915B (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-26 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Linear control based automobile steering system |
CN102291065A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2011-12-21 | 北京信息科技大学 | Brushless direct current motor control device based on DSP (Digital Signal Processor) |
CN208993753U (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2019-06-18 | 上海易巴汽车动力系统有限公司 | A kind of wire-controlled steering system controller of intelligent automobile |
CN110001765B (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2023-12-15 | 北京奥特尼克科技有限公司 | Vehicular steer-by-wire device with redundant mechanism and control method |
CN110316247B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-04-27 | 辽宁工业大学 | Electric power differential compensation steering control method for four-wheel independent drive electric automobile |
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