CN111703167A - High-antistatic modified polymer insulating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-antistatic modified polymer insulating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- B32B2307/206—Insulating
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- C08K2201/017—Additives being an antistatic agent
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- C08L2201/04—Antistatic
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-antistatic modified polymer insulating material, which comprises a protective insulating layer with an insulating effect and an antistatic insulating layer with an antistatic effect, which are formed by co-extrusion; through the double-deck composite construction of protective insulation layer and antistatic insulation layer, also avoided static at the top layer gathering of material when playing insulating effect, compound antistatic agent is in the preparation process, with modified attapulgite, nanometer conductive particle and graphite alkene are as main part framework material, form network structure, can in time shift partial electron, under the prerequisite that does not influence antistatic effect, reduce the migration speed of antistatic agent in the material, thereby prolong antistatic agent's effective function time, through attapulgite, nanometer conductive particle and graphite alkene material adsorb a large amount of antistatic agent, through the adsorption efficiency of hydrogen bond effect and attapulgite, can reduce the migration speed of antistatic agent in the material equally, thereby prolong antistatic agent's effective function time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a high-antistatic modified high polymer insulating material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The insulating material has wide application in a plurality of fields, the insulating material is often used as a protective material to play a plurality of roles such as insulation, corrosion prevention and the like, because the insulating material has poor conductive property, charges are easy to accumulate on the surface, and the use safety can be reduced in some occasions, in the prior art, a layer of electrostatic agent is coated on the surface of the material or the electrostatic agent is mixed in the processed high polymer material, so that the surface lubricity of the high polymer material is endowed, and the generation of static electricity in the high polymer material is inhibited and reduced, but the electrostatic agent coated on the surface of the material can easily fall off after long-term use to cause the reduction of the antistatic capability, while the antistatic effect can be realized by directly mixing the electrostatic agent in the high polymer material, but because the antistatic mechanisms of different antistatic agents are different, the antistatic effect can be influenced when the insulating material is used in different environments, and the action time of the antistatic agent is limited because the antistatic agent has a high migration speed in products, and the antistatic performance of the material is influenced because of the compatibility of the antistatic agent in a high polymer material.
How to improve the antistatic effect of the antistatic material, make it have good antistatic effect under various environments, reduce the influence of the environment on the antistatic effect of the antistatic material, and prolong the antistatic effect of the antistatic material, so that the problems need to be solved at present, the invention provides the following technical scheme in order to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-antistatic modified high-molecular insulating material and a preparation method thereof.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
in the prior art, a layer of electrostatic agent is coated on the surface of a material or the electrostatic agent is mixed in a processed high polymer material, so that the surface of the high polymer material is endowed with lubricity, and the generation of static electricity in the high polymer material is inhibited and reduced.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a high antistatic modified polymer insulating material comprises a protective insulating layer with an insulating effect and an antistatic insulating layer with an antistatic effect, which are formed by co-extrusion;
the protective insulating layer is prepared by processing a protective insulating material, and the protective insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid is 600: 10000;
the antistatic insulating layer is prepared by processing an antistatic insulating material, the antistatic insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and a composite antistatic agent, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid to the composite antistatic agent is 600: 10000: 5-25;
the preparation method of the protective insulating material comprises the following steps:
adding terephthalic acid into ethylene glycol, heating and stirring for reaction under the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the stirring speed is 800-plus-one (1000 r/min), the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 230-plus-one (240 ℃), carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h, heating to 260-plus-one (280 ℃), the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 70-90min under the condition of 500-plus-one (510 pa), then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 120-plus-one (150 min) under the condition of 70-80pa, obtaining a precursor, cooling, drying and crushing the precursor to obtain the protective insulating material;
the preparation method of the antistatic insulating material comprises the following steps:
adding a composite antistatic agent into ethylene glycol, adding terephthalic acid after uniform mixing, heating and stirring for reaction under a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the stirring speed is 800-1000r/min, the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 230-240 ℃, the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 2-3h, the temperature is increased to 260-280 ℃, the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 70-90min under the condition of 500-510Pa, then the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 120-150min under the condition of 70-80Pa, so as to obtain a precursor, and the precursor is cooled, dried and crushed to obtain the antistatic insulating material;
the preparation method of the composite antistatic agent comprises the following steps:
SS1, processing the attapulgite to obtain modified attapulgite;
SS2, adding the modified attapulgite into absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 10-25min to obtain a modified attapulgite dispersion liquid, wherein the concentration of the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid is 10-50 g/L;
SS3, adding a silane coupling agent into the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid obtained in the step SS2, stirring until the silane coupling agent is completely dissolved, heating and refluxing for 2-12h, cooling, filtering, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-5 times, and drying at the temperature of 70-95 ℃ to obtain the coupled attapulgite, wherein the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent is 10-30%;
in the step, the modified silane coupling agent is mixed with the attapulgite dispersion liquid, and then heating and refluxing are carried out, so that the silane coupling agent fully enters a pore structure in the attapulgite;
the silane coupling agent is an aminosilane coupling agent, specifically a monoaminosilane coupling agent, a bisaminosilane coupling agent, a triaminosilane coupling agent or a polyaminosilane coupling agent;
SS4, dissolving a high-molecular antistatic agent in an organic solvent to obtain a high-molecular antistatic agent solution, and adding a surfactant type antistatic agent into the high-molecular antistatic solvent, wherein the concentration of the high-molecular antistatic agent is 20-60g/L, and the concentration of the surfactant type antistatic agent is 10-30g/L to obtain an antistatic agent mixed solution;
in the step SS4, the organic solvent is a uniform mixture of N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone in a volume ratio of 3-7: 3-7;
meanwhile, the polymer antistatic agent and the surfactant type antistatic agent are used, the polymer antistatic has a slow-release effect, the surfactant type antistatic agent has a high migration speed, and the surfactant type antistatic agent can play a good antistatic effect in the initial stages of installation and use in cooperation with the surfactant type antistatic agent;
SS5, adding the silane attapulgite obtained in the step SS3 into the antistatic agent mixed solution in the step SS4, stirring and dispersing, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ for 15-20min to obtain a silane attapulgite dispersion liquid for later use, wherein the concentration of the silane attapulgite is 60-90 g/L;
SS6, adding nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, mixing, stirring and dispersing to obtain nano conductive particle dispersion liquid, wherein the addition amount of the nano conductive particles is 40-80g/L, adding silane attapulgite dispersion liquid, the volume ratio of the nano conductive particle dispersion liquid to the silane attapulgite dispersion liquid is 1:0.7-1, stirring and dispersing, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15-20min to obtain mixed dispersion liquid;
the nano conductive particles are nano zinc oxide or nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano conductive particles is 20-600 nm;
before the antistatic agent mixed solution is added into the nano conductive particles, the nano conductive particles need to be subjected to surface modification, and the modification method comprises the following steps:
washing the nano conductive particles for 2-4 times by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed nano conductive particles for 2-3h at the temperature of 70-75 ℃ for later use;
adding the nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 1-1.5 h, filtering, drying, grinding and dispersing to obtain the surface modified nano conductive particles.
Firstly, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol to remove impurities of the nano conductive particles, and then mixing with an antistatic agent mixed solution for heating reaction to enable a layer of antistatic agent film to be attached to the surfaces of the nano conductive particles;
SS7, adding graphene into the mixed dispersion liquid in the step SS6, wherein the addition amount of the graphene is 20% -50% of the weight of the nano conductive particles, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-60min, performing solid-liquid separation, drying and drying to obtain the finished product of the composite antistatic agent.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
preparing an aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate, adding an attapulgite raw material with the particle size of less than 200 meshes into the aqueous solution, mixing and stirring until the attapulgite is completely soaked, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 40-90min, keeping stirring in the ultrasonic process to avoid uneven dispersion in the ultrasonic treatment process, and standing after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 3-4% of the weight of the attapulgite, and the concentration of the attapulgite in the aqueous solution of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 20-60 g/L;
decanting to obtain upper layer suspension, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying at 70-95 deg.C for 2-3 hr to obtain attapulgite intermediate;
grinding the attapulgite intermediate to a particle size of less than 200 meshes, and roasting at 350 ℃ for 2-3h to obtain the modified attapulgite.
In the step, sodium hexametaphosphate is used as a dispersing agent, attapulgite is uniformly dispersed in deionized water, impurities in the attapulgite are removed through ultrasonic treatment, the internal pore structure of the attapulgite is widened, and then adsorption water, zeolite water and part of crystal water in the attapulgite are removed through roasting, so that the adsorption capacity of the attapulgite is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses the double-layer composite structure of the protective insulating layer and the antistatic insulating layer, and avoids static electricity gathering on the surface layer of the material to generate discharge and other phenomena while playing an insulating effect, wherein the antistatic insulating layer is processed and prepared by the antistatic insulating material, the antistatic insulating material is processed and prepared by ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and a composite antistatic agent, and the composite antistatic agent takes modified attapulgite, nano conductive particles and graphene as main framework materials in the preparation process to form a mesh structure of dot-line network, so that partial electrons can be transferred in time, the migration speed of the antistatic agent in the material is reduced on the premise of not influencing the antistatic effect, and the effective action time of the antistatic agent is prolonged, particularly, the attapulgite is firstly modified to improve the internal pore structure of the attapulgite, thereby promote the adsorption efficiency of attapulgite, then handle the attapulgite through the silane coupling agent backward flow, make the silane coupling agent molecule fully get into in the pore structure of attapulgite, then use antistatic agent mixed solution to handle the attapulgite again, then with nanometer conductive particle, graphite alkene and attapulgite mix the dispersion in antistatic agent solution, filter crushing at last and obtain compound antistatic agent, through the attapulgite, nanometer conductive particle and graphite alkene material adsorb a large amount of antistatic agent, through the adsorption efficiency of hydrogen bond effect and attapulgite, the migration speed of antistatic agent in the material can be reduced equally, thereby prolong the effective function time of antistatic agent.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A high antistatic modified polymer insulating material comprises a protective insulating layer with an insulating effect and an antistatic insulating layer with an antistatic effect, which are formed by co-extrusion;
the antistatic insulating layer is prepared by processing an antistatic insulating material, the antistatic insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and a composite antistatic agent, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid to the composite antistatic agent is 600: 10000: 20;
the preparation method of the antistatic insulating material comprises the following steps:
adding a composite antistatic agent into ethylene glycol, adding terephthalic acid after uniform mixing, heating and stirring for reaction under a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the stirring speed is 800r/min, the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 240 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2.5h, heating to 270 ℃, the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 90min under the condition of 500 plus materials and 510pa, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 120min under the condition of 70-80pa to obtain a precursor, and cooling, drying and crushing the precursor to obtain the antistatic insulating material;
the preparation method of the composite antistatic agent comprises the following steps:
SS1, processing the attapulgite to obtain modified attapulgite;
SS2, adding the modified attapulgite into absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 20min to obtain a modified attapulgite dispersion liquid, wherein the concentration of the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid is 40 g/L;
SS3, adding a silane coupling agent into the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid obtained in the step SS2, stirring until the silane coupling agent is completely dissolved, heating and refluxing for 7 hours, cooling, filtering, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and drying at 85 ℃ to obtain the coupled attapulgite, wherein the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent is 25%;
the silane coupling agent is a bis-amino silane coupling agent;
SS4, dissolving a high-molecular antistatic agent in an organic solvent to obtain a high-molecular antistatic agent solution, and adding a surfactant type antistatic agent into the high-molecular antistatic solvent, wherein the concentration of the high-molecular antistatic agent is 50g/L, and the concentration of the surfactant type antistatic agent is 20g/L to obtain an antistatic agent mixed solution;
in the step SS4, the organic solvent is a uniform mixture of N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone in a volume ratio of 1: 1;
SS5, adding the silane attapulgite obtained in the step SS3 into the antistatic agent mixed solution in the step SS4, stirring and dispersing, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 20min to obtain a silane attapulgite dispersion liquid for later use, wherein the concentration of the silane attapulgite is 70 g/L;
SS6, adding nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, mixing, stirring and dispersing to obtain nano conductive particle dispersion liquid, wherein the addition amount of the nano conductive particles is 45g/L, adding silane attapulgite dispersion liquid, the volume ratio of the nano conductive particle dispersion liquid to the silane attapulgite dispersion liquid is 1:1, stirring and dispersing, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain mixed dispersion liquid;
the nano conductive particles are nano zinc oxide or nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano conductive particles is 80-200 nm;
before the antistatic agent mixed solution is added into the nano conductive particles, the nano conductive particles need to be subjected to surface modification, and the modification method comprises the following steps:
washing the nano conductive particles for 4 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed nano conductive particles for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 75 ℃ for later use;
adding the nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 1.5h, filtering, drying, grinding and dispersing to obtain the surface modified nano conductive particles.
SS7, adding graphene into the mixed dispersion liquid in the step SS6, wherein the addition amount of the graphene is 35% of the weight of the nano conductive particles, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 50min, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the finished product of the composite antistatic agent.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
preparing an aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate, adding an attapulgite raw material with the particle size of less than 200 meshes into the aqueous solution, mixing and stirring until the attapulgite is completely soaked, performing ultrasonic treatment for 60min, keeping stirring in the ultrasonic process to avoid uneven dispersion in the ultrasonic treatment process, and standing after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 3% of the weight of the attapulgite, and the concentration of the attapulgite in the aqueous solution of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 40 g/L;
decanting to obtain upper layer suspension, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying at 90 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain attapulgite intermediate;
grinding the attapulgite intermediate to a particle size of less than 200 meshes, and roasting at 350 ℃ for 3h to obtain the modified attapulgite.
Example 2
The antistatic insulating layer is prepared by processing an antistatic insulating material, the antistatic insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and a composite antistatic agent, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid to the composite antistatic agent is 600: 10000: 15;
the preparation method of the antistatic insulating material comprises the following steps:
adding a composite antistatic agent into ethylene glycol, uniformly mixing, adding terephthalic acid, heating and stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere for reaction, wherein the stirring speed is 800r/min, the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 240 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 2.5h, heating to 270 ℃, the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for reaction for 80min under the condition of 510pa, then keeping the temperature for reaction for 150min under the condition of 80pa to obtain a precursor, cooling, drying and crushing the precursor to obtain the antistatic insulating material;
the preparation method of the composite antistatic agent comprises the following steps:
SS1, processing the attapulgite to obtain modified attapulgite;
SS2, adding the modified attapulgite into absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 20min to obtain a modified attapulgite dispersion liquid, wherein the concentration of the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid is 30 g/L;
SS3, adding a silane coupling agent into the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid obtained in the step SS2, stirring until the silane coupling agent is completely dissolved, heating and refluxing for 5 hours, cooling, filtering, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and drying at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain the coupled attapulgite, wherein the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent is 20%;
the silane coupling agent is a bis-amino silane coupling agent;
SS4, dissolving a high-molecular antistatic agent in an organic solvent to obtain a high-molecular antistatic agent solution, and adding a surfactant type antistatic agent into the high-molecular antistatic solvent, wherein the concentration of the high-molecular antistatic agent is 40g/L, and the concentration of the surfactant type antistatic agent is 20g/L to obtain an antistatic agent mixed solution;
in the step SS4, the organic solvent is a uniform mixture of N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone in a volume ratio of 1: 1;
SS5, adding the silane attapulgite obtained in the step SS3 into the antistatic agent mixed solution in the step SS4, stirring and dispersing, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 20min to obtain a silane attapulgite dispersion liquid for later use, wherein the concentration of the silane attapulgite is 80 g/L;
SS6, adding nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, mixing, stirring and dispersing to obtain nano conductive particle dispersion liquid, wherein the addition amount of the nano conductive particles is 50g/L, adding silane attapulgite dispersion liquid, the volume ratio of the nano conductive particle dispersion liquid to the silane attapulgite dispersion liquid is 1:1, stirring and dispersing, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain mixed dispersion liquid;
the nano conductive particles are nano zinc oxide or nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano conductive particles is 80-200 nm;
before the antistatic agent mixed solution is added into the nano conductive particles, the nano conductive particles need to be subjected to surface modification, and the modification method comprises the following steps:
washing the nano conductive particles for 3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed nano conductive particles for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 75 ℃ for later use;
adding the nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 1.5h, filtering, drying, grinding and dispersing to obtain the surface modified nano conductive particles.
SS7, adding graphene into the mixed dispersion liquid in the step SS6, wherein the addition amount of the graphene is 40% of the weight of the nano conductive particles, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 50min, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the finished product of the composite antistatic agent.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
preparing an aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate, adding an attapulgite raw material with the particle size of less than 200 meshes into the aqueous solution, mixing and stirring until the attapulgite is completely soaked, performing ultrasonic treatment for 60min, keeping stirring in the ultrasonic process, and standing after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 3% of the weight of the attapulgite, and the concentration of the attapulgite in the aqueous solution of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 50 g/L;
decanting to obtain upper layer suspension, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying at 85 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain attapulgite intermediate;
grinding the attapulgite intermediate to a particle size of less than 200 meshes, and roasting at 350 ℃ for 2h to obtain the modified attapulgite.
Comparative example 1
The protective insulating layer is prepared by processing a protective insulating material, and the protective insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid is 600: 10000;
the preparation method of the protective insulating material comprises the following steps:
adding terephthalic acid into ethylene glycol, heating and stirring for reaction in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the stirring speed is 800r/min, the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 240 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3h, heating to 270 ℃, the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 80min under the condition of 505 and 510pa, then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 150min under the condition of 70-80pa to obtain a precursor, and cooling, drying and crushing the precursor to obtain the protective insulating material.
Experiment and result analysis
The antistatic insulating materials of examples 1 and 2 and the protective insulating material of comparative example 1 were prepared into sheets and then surface resistivity/(ohm) was measured, which were divided into three groups, the first group was measured at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 25 ℃, the second group was measured at a humidity of 30% and a temperature of 25 ℃, and the third group was measured at a temperature of 55 ℃ and an ultraviolet radiation intensity of 100uW/cm2The humidity is 90% after curing for 2 months, and the detection is carried out in the environment of 25 ℃, and the specific results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Detection of | First group | Second group | Third group |
| Example 1 | 8.4*107 | 1.9*108 | 1.3*108 |
| Example 2 | 1.2*108 | 3.2*108 | 1.4*108 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.1*1010 | 1.5*1011 | 7.2*1010 |
From the above results, the antistatic insulating material in the high antistatic modified polymer insulating material of the present invention has a lower surface resistivity, is less affected by the environment, can maintain the lower surface resistivity after long-term use, and effectively has an antistatic effect for a long time.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high antistatic modified polymer insulating material is characterized by comprising a protective insulating layer and an antistatic insulating layer which are formed by co-extrusion;
the protective insulating layer is prepared by processing a protective insulating material, and the protective insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid is 600: 10000;
the antistatic insulating layer is prepared by processing an antistatic insulating material, the antistatic insulating material is prepared by processing ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and a composite antistatic agent, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the terephthalic acid to the composite antistatic agent is 600: 10000: 5-25.
2. A preparation method of a high antistatic modified polymer insulating material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a protective insulating material
Adding terephthalic acid into ethylene glycol, heating and stirring for reaction under the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the stirring speed is 800-plus-one (1000 r/min), the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 230-plus-one (240 ℃), carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h, heating to 260-plus-one (280 ℃), the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 70-90min under the condition of 500-plus-one (510 pa), then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 120-plus-one (150 min) under the condition of 70-80pa, obtaining a precursor, cooling, drying and crushing the precursor to obtain the protective insulating material;
s2, preparing antistatic insulating material
Adding a composite antistatic agent into ethylene glycol, adding terephthalic acid after uniform mixing, heating and stirring for reaction under a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the stirring speed is 800-1000r/min, the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, when the reaction temperature reaches 230-240 ℃, the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 2-3h, the temperature is increased to 260-280 ℃, the heating rate is 3-3.5 ℃/min, the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 70-90min under the condition of 500-510Pa, then the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 120-150min under the condition of 70-80Pa, so as to obtain a precursor, and the precursor is cooled, dried and crushed to obtain the antistatic insulating material;
and S3, co-extruding the protective insulating material and the antistatic insulating material to form the double-layer composite high-antistatic modified polymer insulating material.
3. The preparation method of the high antistatic modified polymer insulating material according to claim 2, characterized in that the preparation method of the composite antistatic agent comprises the following steps:
SS1, processing the attapulgite to obtain modified attapulgite;
SS2, adding the modified attapulgite into absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 10-25min to obtain a modified attapulgite dispersion liquid, wherein the concentration of the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid is 10-50 g/L;
SS3, adding a silane coupling agent into the modified attapulgite dispersion liquid obtained in the step SS2, stirring until the silane coupling agent is completely dissolved, heating and refluxing for 2-12h, cooling, filtering, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-5 times, and drying at the temperature of 70-95 ℃ to obtain the coupled attapulgite, wherein the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent is 10-30%;
SS4, dissolving a high-molecular antistatic agent in an organic solvent to obtain a high-molecular antistatic agent solution, and adding a surfactant type antistatic agent into the high-molecular antistatic solvent, wherein the concentration of the high-molecular antistatic agent is 20-60g/L, and the concentration of the surfactant type antistatic agent is 10-30g/L to obtain an antistatic agent mixed solution;
SS5, adding the silane attapulgite obtained in the step SS3 into the antistatic agent mixed solution in the step SS4, stirring and dispersing, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ for 15-20min to obtain a silane attapulgite dispersion liquid for later use, wherein the concentration of the silane attapulgite is 60-90 g/L;
SS6, adding nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, mixing, stirring and dispersing to obtain nano conductive particle dispersion liquid, wherein the addition amount of the nano conductive particles is 40-80g/L, adding silane attapulgite dispersion liquid, the volume ratio of the nano conductive particle dispersion liquid to the silane attapulgite dispersion liquid is 1:0.7-1, stirring and dispersing, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15-20min to obtain mixed dispersion liquid;
SS7, adding graphene into the mixed dispersion liquid in the step SS6, wherein the addition amount of the graphene is 20% -50% of the weight of the nano conductive particles, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-60min, performing solid-liquid separation, drying and drying to obtain the finished product of the composite antistatic agent.
4. The method for preparing the highly antistatic modified polymer insulating material according to claim 3, wherein the silane coupling agent is a monoaminosilane coupling agent, a bisaminosilane coupling agent, a triaminosilane coupling agent or a polyaminosilane coupling agent.
5. The method for preparing the high antistatic modified polymer insulating material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the organic solvent in step SS4 is a homogeneous mixture of N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone in a volume ratio of 3-7: 3-7.
6. The preparation method of the high antistatic modified polymer insulating material according to claim 3, wherein the nano conductive particles are nano zinc oxide or nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano conductive particles is 20-600 nm.
7. The method for preparing the high antistatic modified polymer insulating material according to claim 3, wherein the surface modification is performed on the nano conductive particles before the antistatic agent mixed solution is added, and the modification method comprises the following steps:
washing the nano conductive particles for 2-4 times by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed nano conductive particles for 2-3h at the temperature of 70-75 ℃ for later use;
adding the nano conductive particles into the antistatic agent mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 1-1.5 h, filtering, drying, grinding and dispersing to obtain the surface modified nano conductive particles.
8. The preparation method of the high antistatic modified polymer insulating material according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
preparing an aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate, adding an attapulgite raw material with the particle size of less than 200 meshes into the aqueous solution, mixing and stirring until the attapulgite is completely soaked, performing ultrasonic treatment for 40-90min, keeping stirring in the ultrasonic process, and standing after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 3% -4% of the weight of the attapulgite, and the concentration of the attapulgite in the aqueous solution of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 20-60 g/L;
decanting to obtain upper layer suspension, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying at 70-95 deg.C for 2-3 hr to obtain attapulgite intermediate;
grinding the attapulgite intermediate to a particle size of less than 200 meshes, and roasting at 350 ℃ for 2-3h to obtain the modified attapulgite.
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