CN111700613A - Cryosurgery system used under magnetic resonance - Google Patents
Cryosurgery system used under magnetic resonance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111700613A CN111700613A CN202010591624.0A CN202010591624A CN111700613A CN 111700613 A CN111700613 A CN 111700613A CN 202010591624 A CN202010591624 A CN 202010591624A CN 111700613 A CN111700613 A CN 111700613A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00577—Ablation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2065—Tracking using image or pattern recognition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
The invention discloses a cryosurgery system used under magnetic resonance, and belongs to the technical field of medical equipment. The system comprises a refrigerant gas transmission pipeline, a heat medium input pipeline, a host, a communication line, a first gas supply pipeline, an inter-magnet external interface box body, a wall internal conduction device, an inter-magnet internal interface box body, a second optical fiber, a third gas supply pipeline, a remote control trolley and a magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle; the conduction device in the wall body comprises a first optical fiber and a second air supply pipeline; the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline and the heating medium gas transmission pipeline are both connected with the host; the host is connected with the magnet external interface box body through a communication line and a first air supply pipeline; the magnet inter-external interface box body is connected with the magnet inter-internal interface box body through a first optical fiber and a second air supply pipeline; the magnet inter-internal interface box body is connected with the remote control trolley through a second optical fiber and a third air supply pipeline; the remote control trolley is connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle. The invention can ensure the smooth low-temperature puncture operation under the guidance of magnetic resonance scanning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a cryosurgery system used under magnetic resonance.
Background
There are many current methods of treating cancer, such as surgical resection, interventional therapy, medical therapy, local ablation therapy, and the like. Among them, local ablation therapy has been developed vigorously with the development of various ablation medical devices for over a decade. Among the local ablation treatment methods, cryoablation has been widely accepted by medical experts because of its numerous advantages of large ablation range, capacity of multi-knife combination, wide indication, immunological effect, etc.
The basic principle of cryoablation is to freeze tumor cells, so that ice crystals in the cells are formed to destroy the cells, thereby achieving the purpose of destroying cancerous cells. The low-temperature operation system on the market at present mainly utilizes joule-thomson principle, produces low temperature through the throttle effect of argon gas, utilizes the throttle effect of helium gas to produce the effect of heating and realize the intensification. Argon-helium cryogenic systems have fast cool-down rates and adjustable power, as represented by the U.S. Endocare (1997 to the FDA), and liquid nitrogen systems have been eliminated from the market due to the advent of this technology.
The cryosurgery system in the market at present is mainly applied to puncture under the guidance of CT or ultrasound, and the reasons mainly lie in the characteristics of lower use cost, high scanning speed, lower compatibility requirement on equipment and the like of CT or ultrasound equipment. However, the imaging principle causes the following disadvantages under CT or ultrasound guidance, which mainly appear as follows: 1) the imaging of multiple directions and multiple sections cannot be performed. When CT is used for guidance, only cross-sectional scanning can be performed due to the imaging principle, but the puncture sometimes needs to be performed along the puncture needle to observe the surrounding tissue, and CT cannot be used satisfactorily. The ultrasonic probe has a small scanning range, is narrow and easy to be shielded, and cannot observe tissues around the puncture comprehensively; 2) the resolution is low. Compared with magnetic resonance, the resolution of CT or ultrasound is low, which results in relatively poor image definition and difficulty in observation; 3) CT has ionizing radiation. Since the CT imaging principle has ionizing radiation, long-time scanning is harmful to the human body.
With the rapid development of magnetic resonance equipment, the acceleration of fast sequence scan speeds and the emergence of open magnetic resonance have made it possible to guide such cryoablation procedures using magnetic resonance. The magnetic resonance guided ablation therapy has many advantages of multi-azimuth imaging, multi-section positioning, high resolution, no ionizing radiation, no contrast agent and the like, but due to the characteristics of strong magnetic field of magnetic resonance, radio frequency radiation, magnetic shielding chambers and the like, the equipment is required to solve the compatibility problem from many aspects of materials, filtering, shielding and the like, so that a cryosurgical system compatible with the magnetic resonance is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of magnetic resonance compatibility of a low-temperature operation system, the invention provides a reliable and stable low-temperature operation system which can be used under magnetic resonance, and the system comprises a refrigerant gas transmission pipeline, a heat medium gas transmission pipeline, a host machine, a communication line, a first gas transmission pipeline, a box body with an external interface between magnets, a conduction device in a wall body, a box body with an internal interface between magnets, a second optical fiber, a third gas transmission pipeline, a remote control trolley and a magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle; the conduction device in the wall body comprises a first optical fiber and a second air supply pipeline; one end of the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline is connected with an external refrigerant gas source, and the other end of the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline is connected with the host; one end of the heat medium gas transmission pipeline is connected with an external heat medium gas source, and the other end of the heat medium gas transmission pipeline is connected with the host; the host is electrically connected with the external interface box body between the magnets through the communication wire; the host is connected with the magnet inter-external interface box body through the first air supply pipeline; the magnet inter-external interface box body is electrically connected with the magnet inter-internal interface box body through the first optical fiber; the magnet inter-external interface box body is connected with the magnet inter-internal interface box body through the second air supply pipeline; the inter-magnet inner interface box body is electrically connected with the remote control trolley through the second optical fiber; the inter-magnet interface box body is connected with the remote control trolley through the third air supply pipeline; the remote control trolley is connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle.
The main machine comprises a first human-computer interaction interface, a main control panel, a communication interface, a main machine air inlet interface, an air control part and a main machine air outlet interface; the first human-computer interaction interface is electrically connected with the main control board, the main control board is respectively electrically connected with the gas control part and the communication interface, the input end of the host gas inlet interface is respectively connected with the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline and the heat medium input pipeline, the output end of the host gas inlet interface is connected with the input end of the gas control part, the output end of the gas control part is connected with the input end of the host gas outlet interface, the output end of the host gas outlet interface is connected with the first gas supply pipeline, and the communication interface is electrically connected with the communication line.
The magnet inter-magnet external interface box body comprises a first optical fiber conversion module and a first air circuit butt joint interface; one end of the first optical fiber conversion module is electrically connected with the communication line, and the other end of the first optical fiber conversion module is electrically connected with the first optical fiber; the input end of the first air channel butt joint interface is connected with the first air supply pipeline, and the output end of the air channel butt joint interface is connected with the second air supply pipeline.
The inter-magnet inner interface box body comprises an optical fiber butt joint interface and a second air path butt joint interface; the input end of the optical fiber butt joint interface is electrically connected with the first optical fiber, and the output end of the optical fiber butt joint interface is electrically connected with the second optical fiber; the input end of the second air path butt joint interface is connected with the second air supply pipeline, and the output end of the second air path butt joint interface is connected with the third air supply pipeline.
The remote control trolley comprises a remote control trolley shell, a first shielding layer, a second human-computer interaction interface, a remote control trolley control board, a second optical fiber conversion module, a filter, a temperature acquisition interface and a third gas circuit butt joint interface; the first shielding layer is arranged in the shell of the remote control trolley, and the second shielding layer is arranged in the first shielding layer; the second human-computer interaction interface, the remote control trolley control panel, the second optical fiber conversion module and the filter are all arranged in the second shielding layer; the second human-computer interaction interface is electrically connected with the remote control trolley control board, and the remote control trolley control board is respectively electrically connected with the second optical fiber conversion module and the filter; the filter is electrically connected with the temperature acquisition interface, the second optical fiber conversion module is electrically connected with the second optical fiber, the input end of the third air path butt joint interface is connected with the third air supply pipeline, the temperature acquisition interface is electrically connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle, and the output end of the third air path butt joint interface is connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle.
The shell of the remote control trolley is made of non-magnetic or extremely-low-permeability materials; the first shielding layer is conductive copper paint, a copper net or a copper adhesive tape; the second shielding layer is an aluminum alloy box or a copper box, and a copper tape or a copper mesh is pasted at the joint of the plates of the box; the filter is a high-order LC filter circuit, and the order of the high-order LC filter circuit is 5-8 orders; the high-order LC filter circuit is composed of a capacitor and an inductor, the capacitor is a ceramic capacitor or a tantalum capacitor, and the inductor is a ferrite coil, an iron core coil or a copper core coil.
The magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle comprises a temperature measuring sensor and a gas interface; the temperature measuring sensor is electrically connected with the temperature collecting interface, and the gas interface is connected with the third gas path butt joint interface.
Furthermore, the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle also comprises a temperature measuring joint, a temperature measuring line, a silicone tube, an air supply pipe, a heat exchange assembly, a bent pipe, an ablation needle shell, a throttle pipe and a vacuum heat insulation pipe; the temperature measuring connector and the gas interface are both arranged at the gas inlet end of the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle; the temperature measuring joint is electrically connected with the temperature measuring sensor through the temperature measuring line; the silicone tube is connected with the bent tube; the air supply pipe is arranged in the silica gel pipe, and the heat exchange assembly is arranged in the bent pipe; one end of the air supply pipe is connected with the gas interface, the other end of the air supply pipe is connected with the input end of the heat exchange assembly, and the output end of the heat exchange assembly is connected with the throttle pipe; the throttle pipe is provided with a throttle hole, and the ablation needle shell is sleeved outside the throttle pipe; the inner wall of the ablation needle shell is provided with the vacuum heat insulation pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged at the front end inside the ablation needle shell.
The refrigerant gas source comprises argon, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide or mixed gas capable of realizing temperature reduction through Joule-Thomson effect; the heat medium gas source comprises helium, hot alcohol steam, hot nitrogen or mixed gas which can realize temperature rise through Joule-Thomson effect; the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are both single optical fibers or 2 optical fibers; the first air supply pipeline, the second air supply pipeline and the third air supply pipeline are all high-pressure-bearing corrosion-resistant gas pipelines, and specifically are nylon pipes, stainless steel hard pipes or stainless steel braided hoses.
The first human-computer interaction interface and the second human-computer interaction interface respectively comprise a keyboard, a display, a capacitive touch screen or a resistive touch screen; the communication mode of the communication line is serial communication, parallel communication or internet access communication; the conducting device in the wall body is a wave conducting hole, and the hole pattern of the wave conducting hole is square, circular or ridge; the temperature sensor is a temperature thermocouple or a thermistor; the optical fiber interface is an SC, ST or FC interface; and the communication between the first human-computer interaction interface and the main control panel is serial communication, parallel communication or TTL level.
According to the cryosurgery system used under magnetic resonance provided by the invention, the cryosurgery under the guidance of magnetic resonance scanning is smoothly carried out through the air supply pipeline, the external interface box body between the magnets, the internal conduction device in the wall body, the internal interface box body between the magnets, the optical fiber, the remote control trolley and the cryoablation needle compatible with magnetic resonance, the system works stably, the conditions of abnormal fluctuation, abnormal error and the like of display information do not occur, meanwhile, the interference of the reduction of the signal-to-noise ratio of a magnetic resonance image, image artifacts, image distortion and the like cannot be caused by the system work, the success rate of the surgery is improved, and the surgery time is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the cryosurgical system used in magnetic resonance imaging in accordance with the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the synchronous operation and display of the cryosurgical system host and the remote control trolley of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary cryosurgical system for use in magnetic resonance imaging in accordance with the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the conduction device in the wall body and the box with the inner and outer interfaces between the magnets according to the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the remote control cart of the present embodiment having a double shield layer;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a filter in the remote control dolly of the present embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle according to the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the cryosurgical system used under magnetic resonance provided in this embodiment includes a refrigerant gas transmission pipeline 1, a heat medium gas transmission pipeline 2, a host 3, a communication line 4, a gas transmission pipeline 5, an external interface box 6 between magnets, a conduction device 7 in a wall body, an internal interface box 8 between magnets, an optical fiber 9, a gas transmission pipeline 10, a remote control trolley 11, and a cryoablation needle 12 compatible with magnetic resonance. The in-wall conduction device 7 comprises an optical fiber 71 and an air supply pipeline 72; one end of the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline 1 is connected with an external refrigerant gas source, and the other end of the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline 1 is connected with the host machine 3; one end of the heat medium gas transmission pipeline 2 is connected with an external heat medium gas source, and the other end of the heat medium gas transmission pipeline 2 is connected with the host machine 3; the host 3 is electrically connected with an external interface box 6 between the magnets through a communication line 4; the main machine 3 is connected with an external interface box body 6 between the magnets through an air supply pipeline 5; the inter-magnet external interface box 6 is electrically connected with the inter-magnet internal interface box 8 through an optical fiber 71; the magnet inter-external interface box 6 is connected with the magnet inter-internal interface box 8 through an air supply pipeline 72; the magnet inter-magnet inner interface box body 8 is electrically connected with a remote control trolley 11 through an optical fiber 9; the magnet inter-inner interface box body 8 is connected with a remote control trolley 11 through an air supply pipeline 10; the remote control trolley 11 is connected with a magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle 12.
Referring to fig. 1, the host 3 of the present embodiment includes a human-computer interface 301, a main control board 302, a communication interface 303, a host inlet gas interface 304, a gas control section 305, and a host outlet gas interface 306. The human-computer interaction interface 301 is electrically connected with the main control board 302, the main control board 302 is electrically connected with the gas control part 305 and the communication interface 303 respectively, the input end of the main air inlet interface 304 is connected with the refrigerant air conveying pipeline 1 and the heat medium input pipeline 2 respectively, the output end of the main air inlet interface 304 is connected with the input end of the gas control part 305, the output end of the gas control part 305 is connected with the input end of the main air outlet interface 306, the output end of the main air outlet interface 306 is connected with the air conveying pipeline 5, and the communication interface 303 is electrically connected with the communication line 4.
Referring to fig. 1, the external interface housing 6 between magnets of the present embodiment includes a fiber conversion module 601 and an air circuit docking interface 602. One end of the optical fiber conversion module 601 is electrically connected with the communication line 4, and the other end of the optical fiber conversion module 601 is electrically connected with the optical fiber 71; the input end of the gas path butt joint interface 602 is connected with the gas supply pipeline 5, and the output end of the gas path butt joint interface 602 is connected with the gas supply pipeline 72.
Referring to fig. 1, the inter-magnet interface box 8 of the present embodiment includes a fiber interface 801 and a gas path interface 802. Wherein, the input end of the optical fiber interface 801 is electrically connected with the optical fiber 71, and the output end of the optical fiber interface 801 is electrically connected with the optical fiber 9; the input end of the gas path docking interface 802 is connected to the gas supply pipeline 72, and the output end of the gas path docking interface 802 is connected to the gas supply pipeline 10.
Referring to fig. 1, the remote control dolly 11 of the present embodiment includes a human-machine interface 1101, a remote control dolly control board 1102, an optical fiber conversion module 1103, a filter 1104, a temperature acquisition interface 1105, and an air-circuit docking interface 1106. The human-computer interaction interface 1101 is electrically connected with a remote control trolley control board 1102, and the remote control trolley control board 1102 is respectively electrically connected with the optical fiber conversion module 1103 and the filter 1104; the filter 1104 is electrically connected with the temperature acquisition interface 1105, the optical fiber conversion module 1103 is electrically connected with the optical fiber 9, the input end of the gas path docking interface 1106 is connected with the gas supply pipeline 10, the temperature acquisition interface 1105 is electrically connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle 12, and the output end of the gas path docking interface 1106 is connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle 12. In a specific application, the gas path interface 1106 is made of a non-magnetic material such as titanium alloy or copper.
Referring to fig. 1, the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle 12 of the present embodiment includes a temperature measuring sensor 1201 and a gas interface 1202. The temperature measuring sensor 1201 is electrically connected with the temperature collecting interface 1105, and the gas interface 1202 is connected with the gas path docking interface 1106.
In a specific application, the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline is used for transmitting refrigerant gas to the host from a gas cylinder, and the refrigerant gas comprises argon, nitrous oxide (laughing gas), carbon dioxide or mixed gas capable of realizing temperature reduction through Joule Thomson effect. The heat medium gas transmission pipeline is used for transmitting heat medium gas to the host from the gas cylinder, and the heat medium gas comprises helium, hot alcohol steam, hot nitrogen or mixed gas capable of realizing temperature rise through Joule Thomson effect. The human-computer interaction interface of the host computer comprises a keyboard, a display, a capacitive touch screen or a resistance type touch screen. A man-machine interaction interface of the host machine receives operation information of a doctor and transmits the operation information to a main control panel, and the main control panel controls an electromagnetic valve of a gas path control part to act according to the operation information so as to realize selective output of a refrigerant or a heat medium gas (namely, outputting the refrigerant gas to realize refrigeration and outputting the heat medium gas to realize heating); and simultaneously, transmitting the current working state to a human-computer interaction interface of the host for display. The host transmits information such as working states to the communication interface in a communication mode, further converts the communication into optical communication, transmits the optical communication to a remote control trolley control panel in the remote control trolley, and finally displays the optical communication on a human-computer interaction interface of the remote control trolley. The communication line is used for electrically connecting the host machine and the magnet inter-external interface box body and carrying out data interaction, and the communication mode can be serial communication, such as RS232, RS485, RS422 and the like; the communication mode can also be parallel communication, such as USB; the communication mode can also be network port communication, such as RJ 45. The gas supply pipeline 5 is used for transmitting gas selected and distributed by the main machine to the magnet external interface box body. The optical fiber conversion module 601 is used for converting electronic communication of a host into optical communication, and the gas path docking interface 602 is used for transmitting gas to a subsequent pipeline. The optical fiber 71 is used for connecting the magnet inter-external interface box body and the magnet inter-internal interface box body, and the optical fiber 9 is used for connecting the magnet inter-internal interface box body and the remote control trolley. The optical fiber 71 and the optical fiber 9 can be single optical fibers and are transmitted by adopting a multimode transmission mode; or 2 optical fibers can be used for transmission by adopting a single-mode transmission mode. The optical fiber interface 801 is used for interfacing the optical fiber 71 and the optical fiber 9, and may be specifically an SC, ST, FC interface, or the like. The air supply pipe 72 is used for connecting the inter-magnet outer interface case and the inter-magnet inner interface case. The air supply pipe 10 is used for connecting the magnet internal interface box body and the remote control trolley. The gas supply pipeline 5, the gas supply pipeline 72 and the gas supply pipeline 10 are all high-pressure-bearing corrosion-resistant gas pipelines and can be nylon pipes, stainless steel hard pipes or stainless steel braided hoses and the like. The gas path docking interface 802 is used to dock the gas supply line 72 and the gas supply line 10.
In particular applications, the human-machine interface 1101 of the remote control dolly includes a keypad and display, a capacitive touch screen or a resistive touch screen. A doctor can operate a human-computer interaction interface 1101 of the remote control trolley, operation information is transmitted to a remote control trolley control board 1102, the remote control trolley control board 1102 transmits the operation information to an optical fiber 9 through an optical fiber conversion module 1103 and then to an optical fiber conversion module 601 in an external interface box body between magnets, data is converted into electronic communication and then transmitted to a host, and then selective output of refrigerant or heat medium gas is achieved (namely refrigerant gas is output to achieve freezing, heat medium gas is output to achieve heating), and operation such as distribution of each channel of the refrigerant or heat medium gas can be conducted; meanwhile, the remote control trolley can acquire the temperature of the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle and filter the temperature. The collected temperature information is transmitted to the host computer through the communication mode, and synchronous display of the host computer and the remote control trolley is achieved. The gas interface of the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle is connected with the gas path butt joint interface of the remote control trolley to receive the transmitted refrigerant or heat medium gas, and then freezing or heating is realized through the Joule Thomson effect. A temperature sensor is arranged in the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle, and the temperature sensor can be a temperature thermocouple or a thermistor and the like; the temperature measuring sensor is electrically connected with the remote control trolley, so that the real-time temperature acquisition of the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle is realized.
Referring to fig. 2, the main unit and the remote control trolley of the cryosurgical system provided in this embodiment can be synchronously operated and synchronously displayed, which is specifically represented as follows: 1) if the doctor operates the human-computer interaction interface of the system host, the operation information of the equipment, such as freezing, heating, stopping and the like, is transmitted to the main control panel, the main control panel executes the operation information, the state of the executed gas transmission channel is changed, the current state of the gas transmission channel can be transmitted to the human-computer interaction interface of the system host through the communication between the human-computer interaction interface of the host and the main control panel for displaying, and the communication between the human-computer interaction interface of the system host and the main control panel can be serial communication, parallel communication or TTL level and the like; meanwhile, the main control panel can also synchronously transmit information such as the state of a gas transmission channel to the control panel of the remote control trolley through optical fiber communication, and then the information is transmitted to the human-computer interaction interface of the remote control trolley for display. 2) If the doctor operates the human-computer interaction interface of the remote control trolley, operation information of the equipment, such as freezing, heating, stopping and the like, is transmitted to the control panel of the remote control trolley, the control panel of the remote control trolley synchronously transmits the operation information of the gas channel to the main control panel of the system host through optical fiber communication, then the operation is executed, and the state of the executed gas transmission channel is transmitted to the human-computer interaction interface of the remote control trolley and the human-computer interaction interface of the host for display. In addition, the main control board of the host can collect the pressure information of the refrigerant or the heat medium gas and synchronously transmit the pressure information to the control board of the remote control trolley through optical fiber communication, thereby realizing the display of a human-computer interaction interface; the remote control trolley control board collects temperature information of the ablation needle and synchronously transmits the collected temperature information to the main control board of the host through optical fiber communication, so that the display of a human-computer interaction interface is realized; and finally, synchronous display of the pressure information and the temperature information on the host and the remote control trolley is realized.
In practical application, this embodiment host computer, refrigerant gas transmission pipeline, heat medium gas transmission pipeline and the gas cylinder of splendid attire refrigerant or heat medium all place between the magnet outside, the reason lies in: the gas cylinder is a steel cylinder and is dangerous when placed in a strong magnetic field; although the main body is mostly made of stainless steel, the circuit of the main body is complex and may be affected by strong magnetic field or radio frequency radiation. The components are placed outside the magnet compartment for safety reasons as described above. In order to transmit the cooling and heating medium gas and the control information to the inside of the magnet room and transmit the temperature information of the ablation needle and the control information of the remote control trolley to the outside of the magnet room, the present embodiment is provided with an in-wall conduction device 7 in the wall body between the magnets, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. The conducting device 7 in the wall body is a waveguide through hole (namely a pipe with a metal outer wall), the hole pattern of the waveguide through hole can be square, circular or ridge, and the like, and the sectional area of the waveguide through hole is determined according to the radio frequency corresponding to the applied magnetic resonance field intensity so as to achieve the optimal attenuation. In the through hole, the inter-magnet inner interface case and the inter-magnet outer interface case are connected by an optical fiber 71 and an air feed pipe 72. The materials of the magnet internal interface box body and the magnet external interface box body are all selected from non-magnetic or metal materials with extremely low magnetic permeability, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and the screw for fixing the waveguide through hole is a copper screw. The waveguide through holes are covered by the inner interface box body between the magnets and the outer interface box body between the magnets to prevent radio frequency transmission, and the inner interface box body between the magnets and the outer interface box body between the magnets are respectively ensured to have good conductivity with the shielding layers between the magnets, so that the whole shielding effect between the magnets is not influenced.
Referring to fig. 5, the remote control dolly of the present embodiment has a double shield layer to ensure that it can work normally in the magnetic resonance magnet room. The remote dolly housing 1107 should be of a non-magnetic or extremely low permeability material such as plastic, aluminum alloy, etc. A first shielding layer 1108 is arranged inside a shell 1107 of the remote control trolley, and the first shielding layer 1108 can be made of conductive copper paint, copper mesh or copper adhesive tape; a second shielding layer 1109 is disposed in the first shielding layer 1108, the second shielding layer 1109 may be an aluminum alloy box or a copper box, and a copper tape or a copper mesh is attached to a joint of the plates of the box to prevent radio frequency leakage from the gap. Finally, the entire box of the second shield is placed inside the first shield to achieve the double shield effect. The human-computer interaction interface, the optical fiber conversion module, the remote control trolley control panel and the filter in the remote control trolley are all positioned in the second shielding layer 1109; the temperature acquisition interface 1105 in the remote control trolley is positioned outside the first shielding layer 1108, and the electric wire of the temperature acquisition interface 1105 electrically connected with the filter 1104 is a shielding wire.
The filter 1104 in the remote control trolley of the embodiment is a high-order LC filter circuit, and is used for filtering interference signals generated by magnetic resonance and preventing radio frequency signals generated by the inherent acquisition frequency from interfering with image quality. The high-order LC filter circuit is mainly composed of a capacitor (C) and an inductor (L), as shown in fig. 6. The capacitor can be a ceramic capacitor or a tantalum capacitor, and the inductor can be a ferrite coil, an iron core coil or a copper core coil. The order of the high-order LC filter circuit is 5-8 orders, and the selection values of the capacitor and the inductor are selected according to different magnetic resonance inherent radio frequency frequencies. Finally, the attenuation of the frequency above 1KHz reaches 100 DB.
Referring to fig. 7, the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle 12 of the present embodiment further includes a temperature measuring connector 1203, a temperature measuring wire 1204, a silicone tube 1205, an air delivery tube 1206, a heat exchange assembly 1207, an elbow 1208, an ablation needle housing 1209, a throttle tube 1210, and a vacuum insulation tube 1211. The temperature measuring connector 1203 and the gas interface 1202 are both arranged at the gas inlet end of the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle, the temperature measuring connector 1203 is electrically connected with a temperature measuring sensor 1201 through a temperature measuring line 1204, the temperature measuring sensor 1201 is arranged at the front end inside the ablation needle housing 1209, the silicone tube 1205 is connected with an elbow 1208, the gas supply tube 1206 is arranged inside the silicone tube 1205, a heat exchange assembly 1027 is arranged inside the elbow 1208, one end of the gas supply tube 1206 is connected with the gas interface 1202, the other end of the gas supply tube 1206 is connected with the input end of the heat exchange assembly 1207, the output end of the heat exchange assembly 1207 is connected with a throttle pipe 1210, a throttle hole is arranged on the throttle pipe 1210, the ablation needle housing 1209 is sleeved outside the throttle pipe 1210, and a vacuum heat insulation pipe. Since the cryoablation needle needs to be used under magnetic resonance, the materials of the above components are all non-magnetic materials, and since artifacts are generated by materials with high magnetic permeability (e.g. high iron content) during scanning, the non-magnetic materials are preferably: titanium alloy, copper, aluminum, ABS, silica gel or PC. In addition, the temperature measuring line 1204 should adopt a shielding line, and the shielding layer is connected with the ground to shield the radio frequency interference signal generated during scanning.
When the cryosurgery system of the present embodiment is used for work, the remote control trolley inside the magnet room can be operated after confirming that the pipelines are normally connected according to the arrangement site shown in fig. 3, for example, the human-computer interaction interface of the remote control trolley is used for operating the refrigerant conveying channel for freezing, then the operation information is transmitted to the control panel of the remote control trolley, the control panel of the remote control trolley integrates and packages the operation information and transmits the operation information to the optical fiber conversion module, the optical fiber conversion module converts the electronic communication signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the outside of the magnet room through the conduction device in the wall body, the optical fiber conversion module in the external interface box body between the magnet room converts the optical signal into an electronic communication signal and transmits the electronic communication signal to the host, the host analyzes the communication instruction, the refrigerant electromagnetic valve of the refrigerant conveying channel is opened, so that the refrigerant gas is output through the gas outlet interface of the host, the refrigerant gas enters the ablation needle, the Joule Thomson effect occurs at the needle point position, and then low temperature is generated, so that freezing is realized; during the freezing process, the real-time temperature is collected by the remote control trolley, and finally the temperature of the ablation needle is displayed on the human-computer interaction interface of the host computer in real time through the similar communication mode.
According to the cryosurgery system used under magnetic resonance provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cryosurgery under the guidance of magnetic resonance scanning is ensured to be smoothly carried out through the air supply pipeline, the external interface box body between the magnets, the conduction device in the wall body, the internal interface box body between the magnets, the optical fiber, the remote control trolley and the cryoablation needle compatible with magnetic resonance, the system host and the remote control trolley can be synchronously operated and synchronously displayed, the work is stable, the situations of abnormal fluctuation, abnormal errors and the like of displayed information do not occur, meanwhile, the interference of the reduction of the signal-to-noise ratio of a magnetic resonance image, image artifacts, image distortion and the like cannot be caused by the system work, the success rate of the surgery is improved, and the surgery time.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-temperature operation system used under magnetic resonance is characterized by comprising a refrigerant gas transmission pipeline, a heating medium gas transmission pipeline, a host, a communication line, a first gas transmission pipeline, a box body with an external interface between magnets, a conduction device in a wall body, a box body with an internal interface between magnets, a second optical fiber, a third gas transmission pipeline, a remote control trolley and a magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle; the conduction device in the wall body comprises a first optical fiber and a second air supply pipeline; one end of the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline is connected with an external refrigerant gas source, and the other end of the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline is connected with the host; one end of the heat medium gas transmission pipeline is connected with an external heat medium gas source, and the other end of the heat medium gas transmission pipeline is connected with the host; the host is electrically connected with the external interface box body between the magnets through the communication wire; the host is connected with the magnet inter-external interface box body through the first air supply pipeline; the magnet inter-external interface box body is electrically connected with the magnet inter-internal interface box body through the first optical fiber; the magnet inter-external interface box body is connected with the magnet inter-internal interface box body through the second air supply pipeline; the inter-magnet inner interface box body is electrically connected with the remote control trolley through the second optical fiber; the inter-magnet interface box body is connected with the remote control trolley through the third air supply pipeline; the remote control trolley is connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle.
2. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the host includes a first human machine interface, a main control panel, a communication interface, a host inlet gas interface, a gas control section, and a host outlet gas interface; the first human-computer interaction interface is electrically connected with the main control board, the main control board is respectively electrically connected with the gas control part and the communication interface, the input end of the host gas inlet interface is respectively connected with the refrigerant gas transmission pipeline and the heat medium input pipeline, the output end of the host gas inlet interface is connected with the input end of the gas control part, the output end of the gas control part is connected with the input end of the host gas outlet interface, the output end of the host gas outlet interface is connected with the first gas supply pipeline, and the communication interface is electrically connected with the communication line.
3. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inter-magnet interface housing includes a first fiber optic conversion module and a first air path docking interface; one end of the first optical fiber conversion module is electrically connected with the communication line, and the other end of the first optical fiber conversion module is electrically connected with the first optical fiber; the input end of the first air channel butt joint interface is connected with the first air supply pipeline, and the output end of the air channel butt joint interface is connected with the second air supply pipeline.
4. A cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 3, wherein said inter-magnet interface housing includes a fiber docking interface and a second gas circuit docking interface; the input end of the optical fiber butt joint interface is electrically connected with the first optical fiber, and the output end of the optical fiber butt joint interface is electrically connected with the second optical fiber; the input end of the second air path butt joint interface is connected with the second air supply pipeline, and the output end of the second air path butt joint interface is connected with the third air supply pipeline.
5. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 4, wherein the remote-controlled trolley comprises a remote-controlled trolley housing, a first shielding layer, a second human-computer interaction interface, a remote-controlled trolley control board, a second optical fiber conversion module, a filter, a temperature acquisition interface and a third gas path docking interface; the first shielding layer is arranged in the shell of the remote control trolley, and the second shielding layer is arranged in the first shielding layer; the second human-computer interaction interface, the remote control trolley control panel, the second optical fiber conversion module and the filter are all arranged in the second shielding layer; the second human-computer interaction interface is electrically connected with the remote control trolley control board, and the remote control trolley control board is respectively electrically connected with the second optical fiber conversion module and the filter; the filter is electrically connected with the temperature acquisition interface, the second optical fiber conversion module is electrically connected with the second optical fiber, the input end of the third air path butt joint interface is connected with the third air supply pipeline, the temperature acquisition interface is electrically connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle, and the output end of the third air path butt joint interface is connected with the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle.
6. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 5, wherein said remote control trolley housing is a non-magnetic or extremely low permeability material; the first shielding layer is conductive copper paint, a copper net or a copper adhesive tape; the second shielding layer is an aluminum alloy box or a copper box, and a copper tape or a copper mesh is pasted at the joint of the plates of the box; the filter is a high-order LC filter circuit, and the order of the high-order LC filter circuit is 5-8 orders; the high-order LC filter circuit is composed of a capacitor and an inductor, the capacitor is a ceramic capacitor or a tantalum capacitor, and the inductor is a ferrite coil, an iron core coil or a copper core coil.
7. The cryosurgical system for use at magnetic resonance of claim 6, wherein the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle includes a thermometric sensor and a gas interface; the temperature measuring sensor is electrically connected with the temperature collecting interface, and the gas interface is connected with the third gas path butt joint interface.
8. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance of claim 7, wherein the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle further comprises a temperature probe, a temperature wire, a silicone tube, an air delivery tube, a heat exchange assembly, an elbow, an ablation needle housing, a throttle tube, and a vacuum insulation tube; the temperature measuring connector and the gas interface are both arranged at the gas inlet end of the magnetic resonance compatible cryoablation needle; the temperature measuring joint is electrically connected with the temperature measuring sensor through the temperature measuring line; the silicone tube is connected with the bent tube; the air supply pipe is arranged in the silica gel pipe, and the heat exchange assembly is arranged in the bent pipe; one end of the air supply pipe is connected with the gas interface, the other end of the air supply pipe is connected with the input end of the heat exchange assembly, and the output end of the heat exchange assembly is connected with the throttle pipe; the throttle pipe is provided with a throttle hole, and the ablation needle shell is sleeved outside the throttle pipe; the inner wall of the ablation needle shell is provided with the vacuum heat insulation pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged at the front end inside the ablation needle shell.
9. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 8, wherein said source of coolant gas comprises argon, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide or a mixture of gases that achieves a temperature drop by the joule thomson effect; the heat medium gas source comprises helium, hot alcohol steam, hot nitrogen or mixed gas which can realize temperature rise through Joule-Thomson effect; the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are both single optical fibers or 2 optical fibers; the first air supply pipeline, the second air supply pipeline and the third air supply pipeline are all high-pressure-bearing corrosion-resistant gas pipelines, and specifically are nylon pipes, stainless steel hard pipes or stainless steel braided hoses.
10. The cryosurgical system for use under magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first and second human-machine interface each comprise a keypad and display, a capacitive touchscreen, or a resistive touchscreen; the communication mode of the communication line is serial communication, parallel communication or internet access communication; the conducting device in the wall body is a wave conducting hole, and the hole pattern of the wave conducting hole is square, circular or ridge; the temperature sensor is a temperature thermocouple or a thermistor; the optical fiber interface is an SC, ST or FC interface; and the communication between the first human-computer interaction interface and the main control panel is serial communication, parallel communication or TTL level.
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