CN111697620B - 一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统 - Google Patents

一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统 Download PDF

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CN111697620B
CN111697620B CN202010567539.0A CN202010567539A CN111697620B CN 111697620 B CN111697620 B CN 111697620B CN 202010567539 A CN202010567539 A CN 202010567539A CN 111697620 B CN111697620 B CN 111697620B
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power generation
inverter
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wireless module
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CN111697620A (zh
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莫康信
苏佳佳
赖镇峰
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Guangdong Engineering Polytechnic
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/004—Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，涉及新能源发电，主要解决的是现有多台微逆变器不能准确预测功率的技术问题，所述系统包括多个太阳能电池组件，还包括微逆变器组、无线传输网络、智能多机组网能量管理中心、互联网云端、用户端，多个太阳能电池组件分别电性连接微逆变器组，微逆变器组电性连接公共电网以及信号连接无线传输网络，无线传输网络信号连接智能多机组网能量管理中心，互联网云端网络连接智能多机组网能量管理中心、用户端。本发明通过智能多机组网能量管理中心采用深度学习算法处理发电参数，可以准确预测得到未来有效时间内微逆变器组的功率输出参数。

Description

一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源发电，更具体地说，它涉及一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统。
背景技术
传统的集中式逆变器在跟踪最大功率点时，由于无法兼顾到每块光伏电池，容易引起失配损失，导致系统效率下降(尤其在局部阴影的影响下)；严重时甚至可能形成热斑，引起光伏阵列燃烧，导致系统损坏。光伏并网微型逆变器具有体积小、寿命长、抗局部阴影能力强、转化效率高、使用安全等优势，成为光伏并网发电尤其是分布式光伏发电市场中的主流产品。但是多台微逆变器统一进行管理与监控的难度大，智能化程度低等问题制约微逆变器的进一步发展。
由于不能准确预测光伏发电输出功率，光伏发电的间歇性、波动性对电力系统的经济、安全及可靠运行产生极大的负面影响。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的上述不足，本发明的目的是提供一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统。
本发明的技术方案是：一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，包括多个太阳能电池组件，还包括微逆变器组、无线传输网络、智能多机组网能量管理中心、互联网云端、用户端，多个所述太阳能电池组件分别电性连接所述微逆变器组，所述微逆变器组电性连接公共电网以及信号连接所述无线传输网络，所述无线传输网络信号连接所述智能多机组网能量管理中心，所述互联网云端网络连接所述智能多机组网能量管理中心、用户端；
所述微逆变器组用于采集各所述太阳能电池组件的发电参数，并通过所述无线传输网络将所述发电参数发送给所述智能多机组网能量管理中心；所述智能多机组网能量管理中心采用深度学习算法处理所述发电参数得到未来有效时间内所述微逆变器组的功率输出参数；所述智能多机组网能量管理中心将所述功率输出参数发送给所述互联网云端进行保存；所述用户端通过互联网查询所述互联网云端保存的功率输出参数。
作为进一步地改进，所述微逆变器组包括与所述太阳能电池组件数量相等且一一对应的微逆变器，所述微逆变器的直流输入端连接所述太阳能电池组件，交流输出端连接所述公共电网。
进一步地，所述无线传输网络包括一个无线模块主节点、与所述微逆变器数量相等且一一对应的无线模块从节点，所述微逆变器通过串口或RS485总线连接所述无线模块从节点，所述无线模块主节点无线连接各所述无线模块从节点，所述无线模块主节点通过串口或RS485总线连接所述智能多机组网能量管理中心。
进一步地，所述无线模块主节点、无线模块从节点均为ZigBee无线模块。
进一步地，所述无线模块从节点集成在所述微逆变器内。
进一步地，所述用户端包括移动设备、电脑。
有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比，具有的优点为：本发明通过微逆变器组采集各个太阳能电池组件的发电参数，并通过无线传输网络将发电参数发送给智能多机组网能量管理中心，智能多机组网能量管理中心采用深度学习算法处理所述发电参数，可以准确预测得到未来有效时间内所述微逆变器组的功率输出参数，不仅可以提高光伏电站运营效率，而且可以帮助调度部门调整运行方式，确保高比例光伏接入后电力系统的安全稳定与经济运行，实现经济效益最大化，还可以管理到每一块组件，防止太阳能电池组件失配损失引起的系统效率下降以及可能产生热斑问题，从而提升组件寿命，增高转化效率，提高经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明中微逆变器组的拓扑结构图；
图3为本发明中无线传输网络的拓扑结构图；
图4为本发明中深度学习算法的流程图；
图5为本发明实际预测微逆变器组未来某1天的实际功率输出图；
图6为本发明实际预测微逆变器组未来某1天的预测功率输出图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图中的具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
参阅图1-5，一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，包括多个太阳能电池组件，还包括微逆变器组、无线传输网络、智能多机组网能量管理中心、互联网云端、用户端。多个太阳能电池组件分别电性连接微逆变器组，微逆变器组电性连接公共电网以及信号连接无线传输网络，无线传输网络信号连接智能多机组网能量管理中心，互联网云端网络连接智能多机组网能量管理中心、用户端。用户端包括移动设备、电脑，移动设备为手机或其他移动终端。
微逆变器组用于采集各太阳能电池组件的发电参数，并通过无线传输网络将发电参数发送给智能多机组网能量管理中心；智能多机组网能量管理中心采用深度学习(DeepLearning，DL)算法处理发电参数得到未来有效时间内微逆变器组的功率输出参数；智能多机组网能量管理中心将功率输出参数保存到本地和发送给互联网云端进行保存；用户端通过互联网查询互联网云端保存的功率输出参数。
微逆变器组包括与太阳能电池组件数量相等且一一对应的微逆变器，微逆变器的直流输入端连接太阳能电池组件，交流输出端连接公共电网用于输出电能。即微逆变器组由多台微逆变器分布式并联连接组成。无线传输网络包括一个无线模块主节点、与微逆变器数量相等且一一对应的无线模块从节点，微逆变器通过串口或RS485总线连接无线模块从节点，用于发送太阳能电池组件的发电参数给无线模块从节点，无线模块主节点无线连接各无线模块从节点，无需在无线模块主节点与各无线模块从节点之间布线，或在节省布线成本，无线模块主节点通过串口或RS485总线连接智能多机组网能量管理中心，用于发送太阳能电池组件的发电参数给智能多机组网能量管理中心。
在本实施例中，无线模块主节点、无线模块从节点均为ZigBee无线模块。在其他实施例中，无线模块主节点、无线模块从节点也可以是Wifi模块或蓝牙模块。
在其中一个实施例中，无线模块从节点集成在微逆变器内，可以缩短无线模块从节点与微逆变器的数据传输距离，提高数据传输的稳定性，还可以使结构更加紧凑。
智能多机组网能量管理中心的界面采用Matlab软件开发，使用深度学习算法处理发电参数具体包括以下步骤：
S1.构建BP神经网络；
S2.输入样本归一化，样本即为各太阳能电池组件的发电参数；
S3.给定输入向量和目标向量；
S4.计算隐含层、输出层输出，输出层输出根据下式计算：
H＝(h1,h2,…,hk),k＝1,2,…,29，
Figure BDA0002548127480000041
隐含层输出根据下式计算：
Y＝(y1,y2,…,yj),j＝1,2,…,m，
Figure BDA0002548127480000051
S5.求目标值与实际值输出的偏差；
S6.计算反向误差，误差为：
Figure BDA0002548127480000052
S7.权值学习，输入层到隐含层、隐含层到输出层的调整量分别为：
Figure BDA0002548127480000053
Figure BDA0002548127480000054
S8.若学习结束，则执行步骤S9；否则执行步骤S4；
S9.样本反归一化；
S10.输出预测结果。(请发明人确认上述深度学习算法的步骤已经公开充分，即本领域的普通技术人员可以理解和实现)
采用深度学习算法，能够预测未来1天至7天微逆变器的功率输出，即未来有效时间为未来1天至7天。
本发明通过微逆变器组采集各个太阳能电池组件的发电参数，并通过无线传输网络将发电参数发送给智能多机组网能量管理中心，智能多机组网能量管理中心采用深度学习算法处理所述发电参数，可以准确预测得到未来有效时间内所述微逆变器组的功率输出参数，不仅可以提高光伏电站运营效率，而且可以帮助调度部门调整运行方式，确保高比例光伏接入后电力系统的安全稳定与经济运行，实现经济效益最大化，可以管理到每一块组件，防止太阳能电池组件失配损失引起的系统效率下降以及可能产生热斑问题，从而提升组件寿命，增高转化效率，提高经济效益。本发明可以解决逆变器并网控制、发电预测、多机组网及监控等问题的不足，实现光伏并网微逆变器多机组网智能化运维。本发明主要应用于集中式光伏电站或分布式光伏电站发电。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。

Claims (6)

1.一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，包括多个太阳能电池组件，其特征在于，还包括微逆变器组、无线传输网络、智能多机组网能量管理中心、互联网云端、用户端，多个所述太阳能电池组件分别电性连接所述微逆变器组，所述微逆变器组电性连接公共电网以及信号连接所述无线传输网络，所述无线传输网络信号连接所述智能多机组网能量管理中心，所述互联网云端网络连接所述智能多机组网能量管理中心、用户端；
所述微逆变器组用于采集各所述太阳能电池组件的发电参数，并通过所述无线传输网络将所述发电参数发送给所述智能多机组网能量管理中心；所述智能多机组网能量管理中心采用深度学习算法处理所述发电参数得到未来有效时间内所述微逆变器组的功率输出参数；所述智能多机组网能量管理中心将所述功率输出参数发送给所述互联网云端进行保存；所述用户端通过互联网查询所述互联网云端保存的功率输出参数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，其特征在于，所述微逆变器组包括与所述太阳能电池组件数量相等且一一对应的微逆变器，所述微逆变器的直流输入端连接所述太阳能电池组件，交流输出端连接所述公共电网。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，其特征在于，所述无线传输网络包括一个无线模块主节点、与所述微逆变器数量相等且一一对应的无线模块从节点，所述微逆变器通过串口或RS485总线连接所述无线模块从节点，所述无线模块主节点无线连接各所述无线模块从节点，所述无线模块主节点通过串口或RS485总线连接所述智能多机组网能量管理中心。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，其特征在于，所述无线模块主节点、无线模块从节点均为ZigBee无线模块。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，其特征在于，所述无线模块从节点集成在所述微逆变器内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种可预测功率的分布式组网光伏并网微逆变发电系统，其特征在于，所述用户端包括移动设备、电脑。
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