CN111697593B - Control method and device of power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device - Google Patents

Control method and device of power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111697593B
CN111697593B CN202010547847.7A CN202010547847A CN111697593B CN 111697593 B CN111697593 B CN 111697593B CN 202010547847 A CN202010547847 A CN 202010547847A CN 111697593 B CN111697593 B CN 111697593B
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power
power saving
active power
mode
distribution
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CN111697593A (en
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郑坚
戴珏珺
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Zhejiang Nande Electric Group Co.,Ltd.
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Zhejiang Nanda Electrical Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and a device of a power distribution voltage reduction and electricity saving device, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: switching a power distribution mode of the power distribution step-down power saving device after a load is provided for a step-down transformer primary coil in the power distribution step-down power saving device, and cutting off the load when the on-time of the load reaches a preset time; when the power distribution mode is switched, the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device collects the voltage current value of each sampling time period; and calculating corresponding active power and/or active power indication values in each power distribution mode, and further calculating total power saving amount and total power saving rate. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the distribution step-down power saving device is prevented from generating extremely high voltage due to instantaneous open circuit of a primary coil of a step-down transformer when the distribution mode is switched, the distribution step-down power saving device is protected, the voltage current value of each sampling time period is collected in real time, active power and/or active power indication values under different distribution modes are calculated, and then the real-time calculation of the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate can be realized.

Description

Control method and device of power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a control method and a control device of a power distribution voltage reduction and electricity saving device.
Background
With the improvement of the urban power grid and the rural power grid completed by the country, the phenomenon that the tail end voltage of the original urban power grid and the rural power grid is low is improved, but the voltages of the urban power grid and the rural power grid are generally high;
the voltage between power supply lines of the national grid low-voltage distribution network is set to be 400V according to line loss factors, and the rated voltage of user electric equipment is 380V/220V, so that the single-phase voltage of the electric equipment is improved, the single-phase voltage of the electric equipment at night can reach 240V-250V, extra power and heat productivity of the electric equipment are increased when the electric equipment runs, and the service life of the electric equipment is further shortened.
Therefore, how to reduce the extra voltage is a problem that needs to be solved, wherein the extra voltage is a voltage higher than the rated voltage.
The technical scheme of the self-coupling voltage reduction regulation is generally adopted in the prior art, and the technical scheme of the self-coupling voltage reduction regulation in the prior art has the following modes:
a first, fixed regulation and control mode;
the advantages are that: the circuit is simple, the cost is low, the reliability is high, no mechanical noise of gear shifting exists, and the power consumption of the machine is low;
the disadvantages are as follows: only fixed voltage reduction can be realized, the voltage cannot be adjusted according to the change of the output voltage, and the power saving rate and the power saving amount cannot be calculated in real time.
The second mode is a silicon controlled automatic gear shift regulation mode;
the advantages are that: no gear shifting mechanical noise exists, and the voltage can be adjusted according to the change of the output voltage;
the disadvantages are as follows: the circuit is complicated, the cost is high, the power consumption of the computer is large, and the power saving rate and the power saving amount cannot be calculated in real time.
Thirdly, a contactor automatic gear shifting regulation mode;
the advantages are that: the voltage can be adjusted according to the change of the output voltage;
the disadvantages are as follows: the mechanical noise of the contactor gear shifting is generated, the high voltage generated by instantaneous open circuit is generated on the primary side of the autotransformer during gear shifting, the reliability and safety are poor, frequent switching is not allowed, the cost is slightly high, the power consumption of the machine is moderate, and the power saving rate and the power saving amount cannot be calculated in real time.
Fourthly, regulating and controlling a primary sliding contact of the transformer;
the advantages are that: no gear shifting mechanical noise exists, and the voltage can be adjusted according to the change of the output voltage;
the disadvantages are as follows: the cost is high, the contact needs to be replaced and the accumulated dirt needs to be removed by regularly cutting off power, and the power saving rate and the power saving amount cannot be calculated in real time.
It can be seen that the four technical solutions have the common defects that: the power saving rate and the power saving amount cannot be calculated in real time. The core index of the power distribution and saving device is the power saving rate, and the index of the device to be obtained generally needs to be obtained by a comparison test under the condition of constant load on site or under the condition of a laboratory. Users who have installed the devices in the past need to visually see the power saving effect, often need to know the power saving rate or the power saving amount through comparison calculation when monthly electric charges are settled, and cannot see the power saving rate of the devices in real time; it is also unknown how much electricity is saved cumulatively at any period of time, and the user can not see the electricity saving effect even when the electricity consumption changes greatly, so the electricity saving device is questioned.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, a control method of a power distribution step-down power saving device is provided.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a control method of a distribution step-down power saving device is applied to the distribution step-down power saving device; the control method comprises the following steps:
switching a power distribution mode of the distribution step-down power saving device after a load is provided for a step-down transformer primary coil in the distribution step-down power saving device, and cutting off the load when the on-time of the load reaches a preset time;
when the power distribution mode is switched, the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device calculates active power and/or an active power indication value according to the voltage and current values in each sampling time period;
and calculating the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate according to the active power and/or the active power indication value in each sampling time period in each power distribution mode.
Preferably, the method for controlling a distribution step-down power saving device, in which a distribution mode of the distribution step-down power saving device is switched after a load is provided to a primary coil of a step-down transformer in the distribution step-down power saving device, and the load is cut off when an on-time of the load reaches a preset time, includes:
switching on a load circuit to enable the load circuit to provide a load for a primary coil of the step-down transformer, and recording the switching-on time of the load circuit;
switching a distribution mode of a step-down transformer so that the step-down transformer converts an input voltage into an output voltage corresponding to the distribution mode;
and when the on time reaches the preset time, cutting off the load circuit.
Preferably, the control method of the power distribution step-down power saving device, wherein the power distribution mode comprises a power saving mode and a mains supply mode.
Preferably, the method for controlling the power distribution step-down power saving device, wherein the active power and/or the active power indication value is calculated according to the voltage and current values of each sampling time period in each power distribution mode, so as to calculate the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate, comprises the following steps:
calculating to obtain active power of each sampling time period switched to a mains supply mode and a power saving mode, setting the active power in the mains supply mode as the mains supply active power, setting the active power in the power saving mode as the power saving active power, and setting an active power indication value in the power saving mode as a power saving active power indication value;
calculating the power-saving active power degree in the power-saving mode according to the initial power-saving active power degree indicating value and the ending power-saving active power degree indicating value of each sampling time period;
calculating real-time power saving rate according to the active power of the mains supply and the power saving active power in each sampling time period;
calculating the active power of the commercial power in the commercial power mode according to the real-time power saving rate and the power saving active power of each sampling time period;
calculating total electricity saving quantity according to the corresponding mains supply active power degree and the electricity saving active power degree of each sampling time period;
and calculating the total power saving rate according to the active power degree and the real-time power saving rate of the commercial power in each sampling time period.
Preferably, the control method of the power distribution step-down power saving device, wherein the active power obtained by calculating and switching each sampling time period to the utility power mode and the power saving mode, includes the following steps:
calculating to obtain the active power of the mains supply according to the voltage and the current acquired in the current sampling time period in the mains supply mode;
switching to a power saving mode, and calculating according to the voltage and current acquired in the current sampling time period in the power saving mode to obtain power saving active power and a power saving active power indication value;
and setting the next sampling time period as the current sampling time period, and returning to the step S311 until the mains supply active power, the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value of each sampling time period are obtained through calculation.
Still include a distribution step-down power saving device, wherein, include:
an input terminal for providing an input voltage;
the output end is used for inputting an output voltage;
the voltage reduction circuit is connected between the input end and the output end and used for switching the power distribution mode of the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device so that the input voltage is converted into output voltage corresponding to the power distribution mode;
and the automatic controller is connected between the input end and the output end, is connected with the voltage reduction circuit, and is used for controlling the voltage reduction circuit to switch the power distribution mode, acquiring the active power and/or the active power indicating value of each sampling time period in the power distribution mode, and calculating the total power saving rate and the total power saving amount according to the active power and/or the active power indicating value of each sampling time period.
Preferably, the power distribution step-down power saving device, wherein the step-down circuit comprises:
a step-down transformer connected between the input terminal and the output terminal, the step-down transformer for converting an input voltage into an output voltage corresponding to a distribution mode;
a switching circuit connected between the input terminal and the power line and connected to the step-down transformer, the switching circuit being configured to switch a distribution mode of the step-down transformer such that the step-down transformer switches an input voltage to an output voltage corresponding to the distribution mode;
and the load circuit is connected between the switch circuit and the power line, and the load circuit is connected with the step-down transformer and used for providing load for the primary coil of the step-down transformer before the switch circuit switches the distribution mode of the step-down transformer.
Preferably, the power distribution step-down power saving device, wherein the load circuit includes a first switch and a load element, one end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the power line through the load element.
Preferably, the power distribution step-down power saving device, wherein the switching circuit comprises:
one end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the second switch is connected with the input end;
one end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the third switch is connected with the power line;
one end of the fourth switch is connected with the second end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected with the input end;
one end of the fifth switch is connected with the third end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the fifth switch is connected with the input end;
the first end and the fourth end are arranged at two ends of a primary coil of the step-down transformer;
the second end and the third end are sequentially arranged between the first end and the fourth end.
Preferably, the power distribution step-down power saving device further comprises a switch driving circuit, which is respectively connected with the automatic controller and the step-down circuit, so that the automatic controller controls the step-down circuit by controlling the switch driving circuit.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the load is provided for the step-down transformer of the distribution step-down power saving device before the distribution mode of the distribution step-down power saving device is switched, so that the extremely high voltage generated by instantaneous primary open circuit of the distribution step-down power saving device during the switching of the distribution mode is avoided, and the distribution step-down power saving device is protected;
the load is cut off within a preset time range, so that the use power consumption of the load is reduced, the use cost of the load is reduced, and the safety degree of switching the power distribution mode of the power distribution step-down power-saving device is improved;
active power and/or active power indication values in sampling time periods are obtained by switching each power distribution mode back and forth and collecting voltage and current values in the sampling time periods when the power distribution modes are switched to the corresponding power distribution modes, so that the active power and/or the active power indication values in each sampling time period in different power distribution modes are obtained at the same time;
and calculating the active power and/or the active power indicating value according to the voltage and current values of each power distribution mode in each sampling time period in real time, so that the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate can be calculated in real time.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are, however, to be regarded as illustrative and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power distribution step-down power saving device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a buck circuit of an embodiment of the power distribution buck power saving device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a data collection diagram of an embodiment of the distribution step-down power saving device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The invention comprises the following components: in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding methods are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described herein. In some other embodiments, the method may include more or fewer steps than those described herein. Moreover, a single step described in this specification may be broken down into multiple steps for description in other embodiments; multiple steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.
A control method of a distribution step-down power saving device is applied to the distribution step-down power saving device and is shown in figure 1; the control method comprises the following steps:
step S1, switching the power distribution mode of the power distribution step-down power saving device after providing load for the primary coil of the step-down transformer in the power distribution step-down power saving device, and cutting off the load when the on-time of the load reaches the preset time;
step S2, when switching to the power distribution mode, the power distribution step-down power-saving device calculates the active power and/or the active power indication value according to the voltage and current values in each sampling time period;
and step S3, calculating the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate according to the active power and/or the active power indication value in each sampling time period in each power distribution mode.
In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the execution sequence of step S1, step S2 and step S3 may not be executed sequentially;
according to the embodiment, the load is provided for the primary coil of the step-down transformer of the distribution step-down power saving device before the distribution mode of the distribution step-down power saving device is switched, so that the extremely high voltage generated by instantaneous primary open circuit of the distribution step-down power saving device during the switching of the distribution mode is avoided, and the distribution step-down power saving device is protected;
according to the embodiment, the load is cut off within the preset time range, so that the use power consumption of the load is reduced, the use cost of the load is reduced, and the safety degree of switching the power distribution mode of the power distribution step-down power-saving device is improved;
in the embodiment, each power distribution mode is switched back and forth, and voltage and current values are acquired in a sampling time period when the power distribution mode is switched to the corresponding power distribution mode, so that active power and/or active power indication values in the sampling time period are obtained, and the active power and/or the active power indication values in different power distribution modes in each sampling time period are calculated at nearly the same time;
the embodiment can acquire the voltage and current value of each sampling time period in each power distribution mode in real time and calculate corresponding active power and/or an active power indication value, so that the embodiment can realize real-time calculation of the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate.
Further, in the above embodiment, the step S1 includes the steps of:
step S11, a load circuit is switched on, so that the load circuit provides load for the primary coil of the step-down transformer, and the switching-on time of the load circuit is recorded;
step S12 of switching a distribution mode of the step-down transformer so that the step-down transformer converts the input voltage into an output voltage corresponding to the distribution mode;
in step S13, the load circuit is cut off when the on time reaches a preset time.
In the above embodiment, step S11, step S12 and step S13 are performed sequentially; the present embodiment realizes safe and rapid switching in different distribution modes by switching on the load circuit before switching the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T.
As a preferred embodiment, the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device needs to collect a voltage current value of each sampling time period within a preset time and calculate corresponding active power and/or an active power indication value;
firstly, the current power distribution mode of a step-down transformer T is a first power distribution mode, at the moment, a power distribution step-down power-saving device acquires the voltage and current value of the current sampling time period in the first power distribution mode and calculates corresponding active power and/or active power indication value, and at the moment, the step-down transformer T needs to be switched to a second power distribution mode;
then, before the step-down transformer T is switched to the second power distribution mode, the load circuit can be switched on, so that the load circuit provides load for the step-down transformer T, and the switching-on time of the load circuit is recorded;
then, the step-down transformer T switches the first power distribution mode to a second power distribution mode, and at the moment, the power distribution step-down power saving device collects the voltage and current values of the current sampling time period in the second power distribution mode and calculates corresponding active power and/or active power indication values;
then, judging whether the on time of the load circuit is within a preset time range or not;
if yes, cutting off the load circuit;
if not, judging whether the on-time of the load circuit exceeds the maximum value of the preset time range;
and switching off the load circuit when the on-time of the load circuit exceeds the maximum value of the preset time range;
and continuing to turn on the load circuit when the on-time of the load circuit does not exceed the maximum value of the preset time range, and turning off the load circuit until the on-time of the load circuit reaches the preset time.
And then, taking the next sampling time period as the current sampling time period, and repeatedly executing the steps until the real power and/or the real power indication value of each sampling time period in the first power distribution mode and the second power distribution mode in the preset time is calculated.
Further, in the above embodiment, the power distribution mode includes a power saving mode and a commercial power mode.
In the above embodiment, it should be noted that, when a rated input voltage is provided to the primary winding of the step-down transformer T, the secondary winding wound through the anti-dotted terminal outputs a voltage value with a phase opposite to that of the input voltage; when the number of turns of the secondary coil is not changed, the magnitude of the output voltage value of the secondary coil is related to the number of turns of the primary coil;
in this embodiment, when several different output voltages need to be obtained, input taps corresponding to several gears need to be provided to adjust the output voltage, so that the power saving mode in the power distribution mode is provided with a plurality of gears, and the number of the gears in the power saving mode can be increased or decreased according to requirements, for example, the output end OUT corresponding to the gears in the power saving mode can include a first gear, a second gear and a third gear which are arranged from small to large, wherein voltage values of the first gear, the second gear and the third gear can be customized, where the first gear can be set to 10V, the second gear can be set to 20V, and the third gear can be set to 30V.
When the primary winding of the step-down transformer T is short-circuited, the output voltage is zero, that is, the output winding is also in a short-circuited state. I.e. not to reduce the pressure. However, when the primary coil is short-circuited, the rated ac voltage cannot be applied to prevent the short circuit of the external ac power source, and therefore, the output terminal OUT corresponding to the shift of the commercial power mode is set to 0V.
Further, in the above embodiment, the step S3 includes the steps of:
step S31, calculating to obtain active power of each sampling time period switched to a mains supply mode and a power saving mode, setting the active power in the mains supply mode as the mains supply active power, setting the active power in the power saving mode as the power saving active power, and setting an active power indicating value in the power saving mode as a power saving active power indicating value;
as shown in fig. 3, when the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate in a specific time period need to be obtained, the specific time period may be divided into n sampling time periods, and the power distribution mode is switched back and forth to obtain the active power of the utility power, the active power saving power and the active power saving indication value in the sampling time period;
step S32, calculating the power saving active power degree in the power saving mode according to the initial power saving active power degree indicating value and the ending power saving active power degree indicating value of each sampling time period, as shown in the following formula;
Wbn-1＝{Dbn-Dbn-1}；
wherein D isbFor representing the power saving active power;
n is used to represent the sequence number of the sampling time period;
that is, in this embodiment, the power saving active power of the sampling time period in the power saving mode can be calculated by the difference between the ending power saving active power indication value and the starting power saving active power indication value of each sampling time period, as shown in fig. 3, for example, when the power saving active power of the sampling time period from the 1 st serial number to the 2 nd serial number is to be obtained, the power saving active power indication values of the sampling time points of the 1 st serial number and the 2 nd serial number need to be obtained, and the difference between the two values is used as the power saving active power of the sampling time period of the 1 st serial number;
step S33, calculating real-time power saving rate according to the mains supply active power and the power saving active power in each sampling time period, wherein the real-time power saving rate is shown in the following formula;
εn＝(Pan-Pbn)/Pn；
wherein, PaIs used for representing the active power of the mains supply;
Pbfor representing the power saving active power;
p is used to represent active power;
epsilon is used to represent the real-time power saving rate;
n is a sampling time period sequence number;
step S34, calculating the active power of the utility power in the utility power mode according to the real-time power saving rate and the active power saving rate of each sampling time period, as shown in the following formula:
Wan-1＝Wbn-1/(1-εn-1)；
wherein, WbFor representing the power saving active power;
epsilon is used to represent the real-time power saving rate;
Wathe system is used for representing the active power of the commercial power;
step S35, calculating the total electricity saving quantity according to the electric supply active power and the electricity saving active power corresponding to each sampling time period, as shown in the following formula;
Ws＝ΣWan-1-ΣWbn-1；
wherein, WaThe system is used for representing the active power of the commercial power;
Wbfor representing the power saving active power;
Wsused for representing the total power saving amount;
step S36, calculating the total power saving rate according to the power degree and the real-time power saving rate of the commercial power in each sampling time period, as shown in the following formula;
εs＝(ε1Wa1+ε2Wa2+……+εn-1Wan-1)/(Wa1+Wa2+……+Wan-1)；
wherein epsilonsFor indicating the total power saving rate.
As a preferred embodiment, a power distribution mode of the power distribution voltage reduction power saving device comprises a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a mains supply mode in the power saving mode;
the output voltage corresponding to the first gear in the power saving mode is 10V, the output voltage corresponding to the second gear in the power saving mode is 20V, and the output voltage corresponding to the third gear in the power saving mode is 30V;
taking the current power distribution mode as an example that the output voltage corresponding to the first gear in the power saving mode is 10V, at this time, the power distribution voltage reduction power saving device acquires the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value in the current sampling time period in the first gear, at this time, in order to know the real-time power saving rate in the current sampling time period, the power distribution voltage reduction power saving device must be immediately switched to the commercial power mode to measure the commercial power active power value in real time, and then switched back to the first gear in the voltage reduction gear power saving mode, specifically as follows:
firstly, after obtaining power-saving active power and a power-saving active power indication value according to voltage and current acquired in the current sampling time period in a power-saving mode, switching on a load circuit;
then, the step-down transformer T switches the first gear in the power saving mode to the commercial power mode, and at the moment, the distribution step-down power saving device collects the commercial power active power in the current sampling time period in the commercial power mode;
then, it is judged that the on time of the load circuit reaches a preset time to cut off the load circuit.
Further, in the above embodiment, the step S31 includes the steps of:
step S311, calculating to obtain the active power of the mains supply according to the voltage and the current collected in the current sampling time period in the mains supply mode;
step S312, switching to a power saving mode, and calculating according to the voltage and current collected in the current sampling time period in the power saving mode to obtain power saving active power and a power saving active power degree indication value;
and step 313, setting the next sampling time period as the current sampling time period, and returning to step 311 until the mains supply active power, the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value of each sampling time period are obtained through calculation.
In the embodiment, the voltage current value in the same sampling time period is acquired by switching the power distribution mode in real time, and the corresponding active power and/or active power indication value is calculated, so that the active power of the mains supply, the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value in each sampling time period are acquired in a near-synchronous mode.
Further, in the above embodiment, the preset time range is 1s to 2 s. Therefore, the power consumption and the cost of the load circuit are reduced, and the power distribution step-down power saving device is also provided, as shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following components:
an input terminal IN for providing an input voltage;
an output terminal OUT for inputting an output voltage;
the voltage reduction circuit 1 is connected between the input end IN and the output end OUT and used for switching the power distribution mode of the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device, so that the input voltage is converted into the output voltage corresponding to the power distribution mode;
and the automatic controller 2 is connected between the input end IN and the output end OUT, is used for being connected with the voltage reduction circuit 1, and is used for controlling the voltage reduction circuit 1 to switch a power distribution mode, acquiring the active power and/or the active power indicating value of each sampling time period IN the power distribution mode, and calculating the total power saving rate and the total power saving amount according to the active power and/or the active power indicating value of each sampling time period.
In the embodiment, each power distribution mode is switched back and forth through the voltage reduction circuit 1, and when the power distribution mode is switched to the corresponding power distribution mode, the voltage and current values of the sampling time periods are collected, and the corresponding active power and/or active power indicating values are calculated, so that the active power and/or active power indicating values of each sampling time period in different power distribution modes are obtained at nearly the same time;
in the above embodiment, the automatic controller 2 may control the voltage reduction circuit 1 to switch the power distribution modes, so that the automatic controller 2 collects the voltage and current values of each sampling time period in each power distribution mode and calculates the corresponding active power and/or active power indication value; and the total electricity saving quantity and the total electricity saving rate are calculated according to the active power and/or the active power indication value of each sampling time period in each power distribution mode, and the voltage reduction circuit 1 can acquire the voltage current value of each sampling time period in each power distribution mode in real time and calculate the corresponding active power and/or the active power indication value, so that the automatic controller 2 can realize the real-time calculation of the total electricity saving quantity and the total electricity saving rate.
In the above embodiment, the automatic controller 2 may set the start time and the interval time, and control the voltage-reducing circuit 1 to switch the power distribution mode according to the start time and the interval time, so as to obtain the active power and/or the active power indication value of the corresponding sampling time period in the corresponding power distribution mode at intervals.
As a preferred embodiment, an incoming switch ZK1 is disposed between the voltage-reducing circuit 1 and the input terminal IN, an outgoing switch ZK3 is disposed between the voltage-reducing circuit 1 and the output terminal OUT, and a bypass switch ZK2 is disposed between the input terminal IN and the output terminal OUT;
the input end is an A-phase incoming end, the output end is an A-phase outgoing end, and the A-phase line can be a live line L;
the power line is a zero line N.
It should be noted that the distribution step-down power saving device in this embodiment is an example of a single-phase circuit, and can be extended to a three-phase circuit.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage-decreasing circuit 1 includes:
a step-down transformer T connected to the input terminal IN and the output terminal OUT, the step-down transformer T converting an input voltage into an output voltage corresponding to a distribution mode;
a switching circuit connected between the input terminal IN and the power supply line and connected to the step-down transformer T, the switching circuit being configured to switch a distribution mode of the step-down transformer T so that the step-down transformer T switches an input voltage to an output voltage corresponding to the distribution mode;
and a load circuit connected between the switching circuit and the power supply line and connected with the step-down transformer for supplying a load to the primary coil of the step-down transformer T before the switching circuit switches the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T.
In the embodiment, the load is provided for the step-down transformer T before the step-down transformer T switches the power distribution mode, so that the extremely high voltage generated by instantaneous primary open circuit of the step-down transformer T when the power distribution mode is switched is prevented, and the power distribution step-down power saving device is protected;
the present embodiment realizes safe and quick switching in different power distribution modes by switching on the load circuit before the step-down transformer T switches the power distribution mode.
As a preferred embodiment, the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device needs to collect a voltage current value of each sampling time period within a preset time and calculate corresponding active power and/or an active power indication value;
firstly, the current power distribution mode of a step-down transformer T is a first power distribution mode, at the moment, the power distribution step-down power saving device acquires the active power and/or the active power indication value of the current sampling time period in the first power distribution mode, and at the moment, the step-down transformer T needs to be switched to a second power distribution mode;
then, before the step-down transformer T is switched to the second distribution mode, the load circuit can be directly switched on, so that the load circuit provides load for the step-down transformer T, and the switching-on time of the load circuit is recorded;
then, the step-down transformer T switches the first power distribution mode to a second power distribution mode, and at the moment, the power distribution step-down power saving device acquires active power and/or an active power indication value of the current sampling time period in the second power distribution mode;
then, judging whether the on time of the load circuit is within a preset time range or not;
if yes, cutting off the load circuit;
if not, judging whether the on-time of the load circuit exceeds the maximum value of the preset time range;
and switching off the load circuit when the on-time of the load circuit exceeds the maximum value of the preset time range;
and continuing to turn on the load circuit when the on-time of the load circuit does not exceed the maximum value of the preset time range until the on-time of the load circuit turns off the load circuit within the preset time range.
And then, taking the next sampling time period as the current sampling time period, and repeatedly executing the steps until the real power and/or the real power indication value of each sampling time period in the first power distribution mode and the second power distribution mode within the preset time is measured.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the load circuit includes the first switch K1 and the load element L, one end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first terminal 11 of the step-down transformer T, and the other end of the first switch K1 is connected to the power supply line through the load element L.
As a preferred embodiment, the load circuit may be a reactor; the load circuit in this embodiment is not a resistor because the resistor has high active power, high heat generation, and high temperature, which increases the power consumption and cost of the load.
When the automatic controller 2 is required to control the step-down transformer T to switch the power distribution mode, the reactor is required to be put into the power distribution mode in advance to provide an inductive load for the primary coil of the step-down transformer T, then the power distribution mode is switched to the corresponding power distribution mode, and then the reactor is cut off, so that the extremely high voltage caused by instantaneous primary open circuit when gears are switched is prevented, and the active power, the heat productivity and the temperature are further reduced.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the switching circuit includes:
one end of a second switch K2 is connected with the first end 11 of the step-down transformer T, and the other end of the second switch K2 is connected with the input end IN;
one end of a third switch K3 is connected with the first end 11 of the step-down transformer T, and the other end of the third switch K3 is connected with a power line;
one end of a fourth switch K4, one end of a fourth switch K4 is connected to the second end 12 of the step-down transformer T, and the other end of the fourth switch K4 is connected to the input end IN;
one end of a fifth switch K5 is connected with the third end 13 of the step-down transformer T, and the other end of the fourth switch K4 is connected with the input end IN;
the first end 11 and the fourth end 14 are disposed at both ends of a primary coil of the step-down transformer T;
the second end 12 and the third end 13 are in turn arranged between the first end 11 and the fourth end 14.
Further, in the above embodiment, a switch driving circuit 3 is further included, which is respectively connected to the automatic controller 2 and the voltage-reducing circuit 1, so that the automatic controller controls the voltage-reducing circuit by controlling the switch driving circuit.
The switch driving circuit 3 may be a contactor coil driving circuit or a silicon controlled driving circuit, so that the automatic controller 2 controls the switch circuit in the voltage reducing circuit 1 by controlling the switch driving circuit. Similarly, if the driving circuit is a thyristor driving circuit, the switch in the corresponding switching circuit is a thyristor switching element.
Taking a distribution mode comprising a plurality of gears in a power saving mode and a mains supply mode, and enabling an output end OUT corresponding to the gears in the power saving mode to comprise a first gear, a second gear and a third gear which are arranged from small to large, wherein the voltage values of the first gear, the second gear and the third gear can be customized, and the first gear can be set to be 10V, the second gear can be set to be 20V, and the third gear can be set to be 30V, for example; the on and off states of the switches for each distribution mode are shown in table 1 below:
Figure BDA0002541390070000121
TABLE 1
It should be noted that: OFF in table 1 above means OFF, ON means ON;
as can be seen from table 1 above, only when the third switch K3 is turned on, the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T is the utility power mode, and the corresponding output voltage is 0V;
when the second switch K2 is turned on, the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T is the first gear of the power saving mode, and the corresponding output voltage is 10V;
when the fourth switch K4 is turned on, the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T is the second stage of the power saving mode, and the corresponding output voltage is 20V;
only when the fifth switch K5 is turned on, the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T is the third gear of the power saving mode, and the corresponding output voltage is 30V.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the step-down transformer T includes the secondary coil and the primary coil;
setting the input end of the secondary coil as a fifth end 15, wherein the fifth end 15 is connected with the input end IN, the output end of the secondary coil is set as a sixth end 16, and the sixth end 16 is connected with the output end OUT;
the input terminal of the primary coil is set as a first terminal 11, the first terminal 11 is connected to a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3, respectively, the output terminal of the primary coil is set as a fourth terminal 14, and the fourth terminal 14 is connected to a power supply line.
Further, in the above embodiment, the power distribution mode includes the power saving mode and the commercial power mode.
In the above embodiment, it should be noted that, when a rated input voltage is provided to the primary winding of the step-down transformer T, the secondary winding wound through the anti-dotted terminal outputs a voltage value with a phase opposite to that of the input voltage; when the number of turns of the secondary coil is not changed, the magnitude of the output voltage value of the secondary coil is related to the number of turns of the primary coil;
therefore, in this embodiment, when several different output voltages are required, input taps corresponding to several gear positions are required to be provided to adjust the output voltage, so that a power saving mode in a power distribution mode is provided with a plurality of gear positions, and the number of the gear positions in the power saving mode can be increased or decreased according to requirements, for example, the output terminal OUT corresponding to the gear position in the power saving mode can include a first gear, a second gear and a third gear which are arranged from small to large, wherein voltage values of the first gear, the second gear and the third gear can be customized, where the first gear can be set to 10V, the second gear can be set to 20V, and the third gear can be set to 30V.
When the primary winding of the step-down transformer T is short-circuited, the output voltage is zero, that is, the output winding is also in a short-circuited state. I.e. not to reduce the pressure. However, when the primary coil is short-circuited, the rated ac voltage cannot be applied to prevent the short circuit of the external ac power source, and therefore, the output terminal OUT corresponding to the shift of the commercial power mode is set to 0V.
Taking the current power distribution mode as the output voltage corresponding to the first gear in the power saving mode as an example, at this time, the power distribution voltage reduction power saving device measures the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value in the current sampling time period in the first gear, at this time, in order to know the real-time power saving rate at the current moment, the power distribution voltage reduction power saving device must be immediately switched to the commercial power mode to measure the commercial power active power value in real time, and then switched back to the first gear in the voltage reduction gear power saving mode, specifically as follows:
step A1, the automatic controller 2 measures the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value of the current sampling time period in the first gear, and only the second switch K2 is turned on at this time, as shown in the following Table 2;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
OFF ON OFF OFF OFF
TABLE 2
Step a2, since the active power of the utility power in the utility power mode in the current sampling time period needs to be measured, the load circuit is switched on, and at this time, the first switch K1 is switched from off to on, that is, only the second switch K2 and the first switch K1 are switched on, as shown in table 3 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
ON ON OFF OFF OFF
TABLE 3
Step a3, delaying the mains load time interval, changing the second switch K2 from on to off, i.e. only the first switch K1 is on at this time, as shown in table 4 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
ON OFF OFF OFF OFF
TABLE 4
Step a4, delaying the power saving load interval, changing the third switch K3 from off to on, i.e. only the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are on at this time, as shown in table 5 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
ON OFF ON OFF OFF
TABLE 5
Step a5, delaying the third load time interval, and changing the first switch K1 from on to off, that is, only the third switch K3 is on at this time, so the power distribution mode of the step-down transformer T is the utility power mode at this time, and the utility power active power in the current sampling time period is measured, as shown in table 6 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
OFF OFF ON OFF OFF
TABLE 6
Step a6, it is necessary to switch back to the first gear of the power saving mode, so the first switch K1 is changed from off to on, i.e. only the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are on at this time, as shown in table 7 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
ON OFF ON OFF OFF
TABLE 7
Step a7, delaying the fourth load interval, changing the third switch K3 from on to off, i.e. only the first switch K1 is on at this time, as shown in table 8 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
ON OFF OFF OFF OFF
TABLE 8
Step A8, delaying the fifth load interval, changing the second switch K2 from off to on, i.e. only the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are on at this time, as shown in table 9 below;
first switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
ON ON OFF OFF OFF
TABLE 9
Step a9, delaying the sixth load interval, changes the first switch K1 from on to off, i.e. only the second switch K2 is on at this time, so the distribution mode of the step-down transformer T is the first gear of the power saving mode at this time, as shown in table 10 below.
First switch K1 Second switch K2 Third switch K3 Fourth switch K4 Fifth switch K5
OFF ON OFF OFF OFF
Watch 10
In the above embodiment, the automatic controller 2 further includes a display for displaying the total power saving rate and the total power saving amount obtained by the automatic controller 2. Therefore, the user can watch the total electricity saving rate and the total electricity saving amount within a certain time range in real time, and the use experience of the user is improved.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may differ in the shape of the components, the names of the components, and the like. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, the characteristics and the principle of the invention which are described in the patent conception of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (8)

1. A control method of a distribution step-down power saving device is characterized in that the control method is applied to the distribution step-down power saving device; the control method comprises the following steps:
switching a power distribution mode of the distribution step-down power saving device after a load is provided for a primary coil of a step-down transformer in the distribution step-down power saving device, and cutting off the load when the on-time of the load reaches a preset time;
when the power distribution mode is switched, the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device calculates active power and/or an active power indication value according to the voltage and current values in each sampling time period;
calculating total power saving quantity and total power saving rate according to the active power and/or the active power indication value in each sampling time period in each power distribution mode;
wherein the power distribution mode comprises a power saving mode and a mains supply mode;
the method comprises the following steps of calculating the active power and/or the active power indicating value according to the voltage and current values of each sampling time period in each power distribution mode, and further calculating the total power saving amount and the total power saving rate, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
calculating to obtain active power of each sampling time period switched to the mains supply mode and the power saving mode, setting the active power in the mains supply mode as mains supply active power, setting the active power in the power saving mode as power saving active power, and setting an active power indication value in the power saving mode as a power saving active power indication value;
calculating the power-saving active power degree in the power-saving mode according to the initial power-saving active power degree indicating value and the ending power-saving active power degree indicating value of each sampling time period, wherein the power-saving active power degree is shown in the following formula;
Wbn-1＝{Dbn-Dbn-1}；
wherein D isbFor representing the power saving active power;
n is used to represent the sequence number of the sampling time period;
calculating a real-time power saving rate according to the mains supply active power and the power saving active power of each sampling time period, wherein the real-time power saving rate is shown in the following formula;
εn＝(Pan-Pbn)/Pn；
wherein, PaIs used for representing the active power of the mains supply;
Pbfor representing the power saving active power;
p is used to represent active power;
epsilon is used to represent the real-time power saving rate;
n is a sampling time period sequence number;
calculating the mains supply active power degree in the mains supply mode according to the real-time power saving rate and the power saving active power degree of each sampling time period, wherein the formula is as follows:
Wan-1＝Wbn-1/(1-εn-1)；
wherein, WbFor representing the power saving active power;
Wathe system is used for representing the active power of the commercial power;
calculating the total electricity saving quantity according to the electric supply active power degree and the electricity saving active power degree corresponding to each sampling time period, wherein the total electricity saving quantity is shown in the following formula;
Ws＝ΣWan-1-ΣWbn-1；
wherein, WaThe system is used for representing the active power of the commercial power;
Wbfor representing the power saving active power;
Wsused for representing the total power saving amount;
calculating a total power saving rate according to the active power degree and the real-time power saving rate of the commercial power in each sampling time period, wherein the total power saving rate is shown in the following formula;
εs＝(ε1Wa1+ε2Wa2+……+εn-1Wan-1)/(Wa1+Wa2+……+Wan-1)；
wherein epsilonsFor indicating the total power saving rate.
2. The method for controlling a distribution step-down power saving device according to claim 1, wherein the switching a distribution mode of the distribution step-down power saving device after providing a load to a primary coil of a step-down transformer in the distribution step-down power saving device, and switching off the load when an on-time of the load reaches a preset time comprises:
switching on a load circuit, enabling the load circuit to provide load for a primary coil of the step-down transformer, and recording the switching-on time of the load circuit;
switching a distribution mode of the step-down transformer such that the step-down transformer converts an input voltage to an output voltage corresponding to the distribution mode;
and when the on time reaches the preset time, cutting off the load circuit.
3. The method of controlling a power distribution step-down power saving device according to claim 1, wherein said calculating the active power switched to the utility mode and the active power and active power indication in the power saving mode for each of the sampling time periods comprises the steps of:
calculating to obtain the active power of the mains supply according to the voltage and the current acquired in the current sampling time period in the mains supply mode;
switching to the power saving mode, and calculating to obtain the power saving active power and the power saving active power indicating value according to the voltage and the current acquired in the current sampling time period in the power saving mode;
and setting the next sampling time period as the current sampling time period, and returning to the step S311 until the mains supply active power, the power saving active power and the power saving active power indication value of each sampling time period are obtained through calculation.
4. A power distribution step-down power saving device, comprising:
an input terminal for providing an input voltage;
the output end is used for inputting an output voltage;
the voltage reduction circuit is connected between the input end and the output end and used for switching a power distribution mode of the power distribution voltage reduction power-saving device, so that the input voltage is converted into the output voltage corresponding to the power distribution mode;
an automatic controller connected between the input terminal and the output terminal and connected to the step-down circuit, for performing the method of controlling a power distribution step-down power saving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The power distribution step-down power saving device of claim 4, wherein the step-down circuit comprises:
a step-down transformer connected between the input terminal and the output terminal, the step-down transformer for converting an input voltage to an output voltage corresponding to the power distribution mode;
a switching circuit connected between the input terminal and a power supply line and connected to the step-down transformer, the switching circuit for switching the distribution mode of the step-down transformer so that the step-down transformer switches an input voltage to an output voltage corresponding to the distribution mode;
a load circuit connected between the switch circuit and the power line, the load circuit connected with the step-down transformer for providing a load to a primary coil of the step-down transformer before the switch circuit switches the distribution mode of the step-down transformer.
6. The electrical distribution step-down power saving device according to claim 5, wherein the load circuit comprises a first switch and a load element, one end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the power line through the load element.
7. The power distribution step-down power saving device according to claim 5, wherein the switching circuit comprises:
one end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the second switch is connected with the input end;
one end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the third switch is connected with the power line;
one end of the fourth switch is connected with the second end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected with the input end;
one end of the fifth switch is connected with the third end of the step-down transformer, and the other end of the fifth switch is connected with the input end;
the first end and the fourth end are arranged at two ends of a primary coil of the step-down transformer;
the second end and the third end are sequentially arranged between the first end and the fourth end.
8. The power distribution step-down power saving device according to claim 5, further comprising a switch driving circuit respectively connected to the automatic controller and the step-down circuit, so that the automatic controller controls the step-down circuit by controlling the switch driving circuit.
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Patentee before: ZHEJIANG NANDA ELECTRICAL Co.,Ltd.