CN111693793A - Distributed power generation electric energy quality on-line monitoring system - Google Patents
Distributed power generation electric energy quality on-line monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111693793A CN111693793A CN201910183051.5A CN201910183051A CN111693793A CN 111693793 A CN111693793 A CN 111693793A CN 201910183051 A CN201910183051 A CN 201910183051A CN 111693793 A CN111693793 A CN 111693793A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/006—Measuring power factor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/16—Measuring asymmetry of polyphase networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed power generation electric energy quality online monitoring system which comprises an ATT7022E chip (1) and an STM32F103ZE chip (2) which are connected with each other, wherein the ATT7022E chip (1) acquires voltage and current, and the STM32F103ZE chip (2) performs data processing, storage and communication. Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the real-time performance and the accuracy on the basis of sound functions, and has the characteristics of small volume, high cost performance and high processing speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power quality online monitoring and data analysis, in particular to a distributed power generation power quality online monitoring device.
Background
The distributed power generation technology is an indispensable important supplement of a centralized power supply mode technology and becomes an important development direction in the future energy field, but the distributed power generation causes distortion of current and voltage waveforms of a power grid and causes harmonic pollution and other energy quality problems of the power grid. The key point of ensuring the power quality is whether the abnormity of the power grid can be accurately detected, so the power quality monitoring device is one of the main devices for power quality management.
At present, there are three main monitoring modes for electric energy quality at home and abroad: (1) single point "snapshot" monitoring mode: the voltage and current changes of a selected point are monitored in real time by using a portable instrument, and steady-state power quality levels such as voltage deviation, harmonic waves, flicker, voltage unbalance and the like are mastered; (2) time "trend" mode. The method comprises the steps of monitoring and recording the power quality change within a period of time (1 week or 1 month) by using a mobile installed power quality monitoring device, analyzing and counting the power quality change within the monitoring period of time by applying background analysis software, and giving the power quality change rule and trend within the period of time. (3) And (5) a system monitoring mode. And the online monitoring devices are arranged at selected points of a plurality of systems, are communicated with the power quality analysis master station through a communication network, monitor the power quality state of the systems in real time, analyze and count the power quality change in the systems and give out the historical trend of the power quality change. The online power quality monitoring device mainly comprises a distributed real-time power quality monitoring device based on a DSP (digital signal processor) and an MCU (micro-programmed control unit) and a power quality monitoring and analyzing device realized by an industrial control computer and a data acquisition card.
The traditional electric power data acquisition device has the defects of single chip function, small storage space, complex software program algorithm, poor instantaneity, insufficient precision, low efficiency and the like. Although the distributed power quality monitoring device using the DSP + MCU mode has comprehensive functions and high data processing and analyzing speed, the stored data volume is not large, statistical analysis can not be performed on a large amount of real-time data, the data processing and analyzing speed needs to be completed by an upper computer, important historical data can not be kept for a long time, deep remote test and analysis can not be performed, and the statistical analysis function is insufficient. (2) The real-time performance of the system by the power quality monitoring device realized by the industrial control computer and the data acquisition card is difficult to guarantee, and the intelligent and networked levelness is not high.
With the development of the electricity selling side and the release of the electricity selling market, the number of electricity selling companies and the form of participating in market transaction are continuously increased, and an electric energy quality monitoring system at a user end of the electricity selling side is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a distributed power generation quality online monitoring system applied to a power selling side user side.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a distributed generation electric energy quality on-line monitoring system, includes interconnect's ATT7022E chip, STM32F103ZE chip, and ATT7022E chip gathers voltage and electric current, and STM32F103ZE chip carries out data processing, storage and communication.
The ATT7022E chip and the STM32F103ZE chip are connected through an SPI interface.
The STM32F103ZE chip adopts CAN bus or GPRS communication module and host computer communication.
The STM32F103ZE chip is connected with a network chip DM9051 with an SPI interface, or a CAN bus is converted into WIFI communication through a CANWIFI-200T converter, so that Ethernet communication is realized.
The STM32F103ZE chip is connected with a SD card with 4G capacity, and the SD card stores an electric energy parameter file with time as a file name.
The STM32F103ZE chip is connected with a DS1307 clock chip.
The STM32F103ZE chip is connected with a display.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention is compatible with various communication modes, such as CAN bus and GPRS communication, CAN add an Ethernet function by matching with a DM9051 chip or through a CANWIFI-200T converter, CAN store effective data in an SD card in real time under the condition of poor network environment, and adopts the SD card with 4G capacity for storage, so that the storage space is large.
(2) The invention can capture common power quality problems of harmonic waves, voltage fluctuation, flicker, power, three-phase imbalance and the like of a fault site, can monitor the state of the breaker, stores the waveform of power data, and provides performance evaluation and treatment decision in the aspect of power quality for a power grid.
(3) The DS1307 clock chip is combined, time is used as a file name for storage, transient events such as voltage dip, current dip, overvoltage and undervoltage can be recorded clearly, and the recorded time information can be used for metering electric energy.
(4) The STM32F103ZE chip is connected with a display and can display power data in real time.
(5) On the basis of sound functions, the invention improves the real-time performance and the accuracy, has the characteristics of small volume, high cost performance and high processing speed, and is more suitable for monitoring the electric energy quality of distributed energy or the electric energy quality of a micro-grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an Ethernet architecture;
reference numerals:
1 is ATT7022E chip; STM32F103ZE chip 2; 3 is DS1307 clock chip; 4 is an SD card; 5 is a display; 6 is a CAN bus; 7 is a GPRS communication module; 8 is a CANWIFI-200T converter; 9 is WLAN; 10 is a CAN network; 11 is a user equipment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
The invention comprises an ATT7022E chip 1 for electric energy measurement and an STM32F103ZE chip 2, and the system structure schematic diagram is shown in figure 1. Wherein, ATT7022E chip 1 carries out data acquisition, and the data of gathering are connected through the SPI interface and outside STM32F103ZE chip 2 and are measured and calibrate the parameter, and STM32F103ZE chip 2 mainly accomplishes data processing, storage and communication, and communication module accessible CAN bus 6 and GPRS communication module 7 communicate with host computer or other devices, and all data are through the display 5 real-time display of being connected with STM32F103ZE chip 2.
The ATT7022E chip 1 is a multifunctional high-precision three-phase special metering chip for electric energy, has a strong measurement function, completely meets the requirements of the national power grid on real-time performance, accuracy, storage capacity and the like of the intelligent electric meter, and greatly saves hardware investment and is very favorable for popularization due to the addition of the high-speed data processing capacity, ultralow power consumption and rich on-chip resources of the STM32F103ZE chip 2.
The electric energy has the following quality indexes:
1. voltage deviation calculation
The voltage deviation is determined by the actual voltage effective value U of a certain point and the nominal value of the network voltage (the network rated voltage effective value) UNThe difference in percent with respect to the nominal value of the grid voltage is expressed as:
2. calculation of effective values of voltage and current
Effective value of voltage:
wherein N is the number of sampling points, UnRepresenting sampled values of points of the voltage.
Effective value of current:
wherein, InRepresenting sampled values of each point of the current.
Apparent power:
S＝U×I (4)
active power:
P＝S×cos(φ|U|-φ|I|) (5)
wherein phi is|U|Is the voltage phase phi|I|Is the current phase.
Reactive power:
power factor:
λ＝cos(φ|U|-φ|I|) (7)
3. algorithmic analysis of individual harmonic content and total distortion rates
According to the requirement of FFT algorithm, the number of sampling points in 1 period is 2N, the number of sampling points M in 1 period of fixed frequency sampling cannot be 2N, in order to meet the requirement of the FFT algorithm, software recalculates the measured period into a sampling interval tau which is T/N, then linearly interpolates M data in 1 period into N which is 2N equivalent data at equal intervals, and the sampling signal is FFT-processed to obtain the real part u of each subharmonic componentr(k) Imaginary part ui(k) Then, each electric quantity is calculated.
Harmonic component amplitude:
harmonic component phase angle:
θk＝arctan[ui(k)/ur(k)](9)
harmonic voltage content:
HRUk＝Uk/U1×100％ (10)
wherein, U1Is the fundamental voltage amplitude.
Voltage harmonic total distortion rate:
wherein, U2，U3…UkThe voltage amplitudes of the harmonics.
Total distortion rate of current harmonics:
wherein, I2，I3…IkIs the amplitude of each harmonic current.
4. Monitoring and calculating voltage fluctuation and flicker
Voltage wave UtThe calculation formula of (2):
wherein, Umax、UminFor two adjacent extreme voltages, U, of the amplitude-modulated wave of the power-frequency voltageNIs the nominal voltage.
The voltage flicker is related to the frequency of voltage fluctuation and human visual perception, human eyes are most sensitive to the voltage fluctuation with the frequency of 10Hz, the discomfort of the stimulation is measured by the average value of a period of time, and the international standard is 1 min. Thus, the intensity of the voltage flicker is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the apparent sensitivity weighting coefficient of a sinusoidal component with the frequency f in the voltage amplitude modulation wave; Δ VfIs the 1min root mean square average of the sinusoidal component with frequency f in the voltage amplitude modulation wave, and is expressed by percentage of rated voltage.
5. Three-phase imbalance monitoring and calculation
The monitoring of the three-phase imbalance is represented by the percentage of the root-mean-square of the negative sequence component to the positive sequence component in the computer system. Carrying out digital processing on data obtained after alternating current sampling to obtain fundamental wave voltage U corresponding to A phase, B phase and C phasea，Ub，UcAnd respectively obtaining the fundamental voltage of the negative sequence and the fundamental voltage of the positive sequence according to a symmetrical component method, wherein the root-mean-square percentage of the fundamental voltage of the negative sequence and the fundamental voltage of the positive sequence is the root-mean-square percentage of the fundamental voltage of the positive sequence.
The experimental data are as follows:
referring to the national standard GB/T19862-2005 general requirements for electric energy quality monitoring equipment, the developed electric energy quality monitoring device must have the following functions: (1) the system comprises a high-precision A/D acquisition function (2), a network port data transmission function (3), a GPS synchronization function (4), a data storage function (5), a basic parameter calculation function (6) and a human-computer interface function.
By combining the above functions of the power quality monitoring device, the expected technical indexes of the invention are shown in table 1 aiming at key parameters such as device monitoring index precision, synchronous acquisition precision, network port data transmission speed and the like.
Experiments prove that the method can accurately measure the voltage, the current, the active power, the power factor and the like of each phase, the active measurement error level meets 0.1s, and the reactive measurement error level meets 1 level. Table 2 shows the actual measured values of the present invention, and it can be seen that the results can basically reach the expected technical indexes. (the electric meter reference value and the effective value of each phase voltage are 220V, each phase current is 2.5A, each phase active power is 550W, the power factor is 1, and the reactive power is 0 var).
| Device index | Index range | Index accuracy |
| Monitoring voltage (V) | 220- |
1％ |
| Monitoring current (A) | 0-400 | 1％ |
| Monitoring frequency (Hz) | 50-60 | 0.01 |
| Monitoring phase | 0.01 | |
| Number of harmonics | 50 | |
| GPS synchronization accuracy | 10μs | |
| Speed of network port | 10M/S |
Table 2 measurement of power quality
With the development of the innovation of the electric power system, the rapid development of distributed energy sources and energy storage devices and the increase of the number of electric power selling companies, the distributed power generation can provide an independent choice for some users, so that the distributed power generation can be more suitable for variable electric power markets. The application market of the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device is already transferred from a power grid and large-scale electrical equipment to a user side of a power selling side, at present, most electric energy quality monitoring devices have the problems of single function, small storage space, no network function, high price, difficulty in being installed on site in large quantity and the like in practical application, and the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device well solves the problem.
The STMF103ZE chip 2 of the invention adopts an SD card with 4G capacity to store data record, is fast and convenient, combines the DS1307 clock chip 3, stores by taking time as a file name, is more favorable for clearly recording transient events such as voltage dip, current dip, overvoltage and undervoltage and the like, and simultaneously records time information which also provides a powerful basis for metering electric energy.
The network communication mode (1) supporting various data of the invention is that a CAN bus 6: the STMF103ZE chip 2 CAN complete the communication function with the upper computer through the CAN bus 6; (2) GPRS communication module 7: meanwhile, the GPRS communication module 7 also supports SMS service, can be used as a standby scheme, and can start short message channel communication when the GPRS communication module 7 fails; (3) ethernet communication: 1) CAN bus 6 is converted to ethernet: for remote and cross-regional communication monitoring, the CAN bus 6 is preferably converted into Ethernet for centralized data transmission, and the problems of repeated wiring and interference CAN be avoided. The CAN bus 6 CAN be converted into a WIFI form by the CANWIFI-200T converter 8, and data CAN be received by a remote upper computer after the CAN bus is accessed to the Ethernet, as shown in fig. 2. 2) And (3) Ethernet control: although the STM32F103ZE chip 2 used by the invention does not have an Ethernet interface, the Ethernet function can be added by matching with a network chip DM9051(QFN-32) with an SPI interface, the propagation speed can reach 290kb/s through the actual measurement of the network, and the network connection is stable. If the network environment is not good, an SD card storage mode can be adopted to store and store the effective data in real time and read manually later.
The invention can capture common power quality problems of harmonic waves, voltage fluctuation, flicker, power, three-phase imbalance and the like of a fault site, can monitor the state of the breaker, stores the waveform of power data, and provides performance evaluation and treatment decision in the aspect of power quality for a power grid.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a distributed generation electric energy quality on-line monitoring system which characterized in that, including interconnect's ATT7022E chip (1), STM32F103ZE chip (2), voltage and current are gathered to ATT7022E chip (1), and STM32F103ZE chip (2) carry out data processing, storage and communication.
2. The distributed power generation power quality online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the ATT7022E chip (1) and the STM32F103ZE chip (2) are connected through an SPI interface.
3. The distributed power generation power quality online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the STM32F103ZE chip (2) is communicated with an upper computer by a CAN bus (6) or a GPRS communication module (7).
4. The distributed power generation electric energy quality online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the STM32F103ZE chip (2) is connected with a network chip DM9051 with an SPI interface, or a CAN bus (6) is converted into WIFI communication through a CANWIFI-200T converter (8), so that Ethernet communication is realized.
5. The distributed power generation power quality online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the STM32F103ZE chip (2) is connected with a SD card (4) with a capacity of 4G, and a power parameter file with time as a file name is stored in the SD card (4).
6. The distributed power generation power quality online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the STM32F103ZE chip (2) is connected with a DS1307 clock chip (3).
7. The distributed power generation power quality online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a display (5) is connected to the STM32F103ZE chip (2).
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101354408A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-01-28 | 南京能瑞自动化设备有限公司 | Electric energy acquisition and operation management system and method based on platform zone centralized service terminal |
| CN101571563A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2009-11-04 | 东方博沃（北京）科技有限公司 | Integrative electric energy quality monitoring terminal |
| CN102928716A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-02-13 | 江苏正佰电气股份有限公司 | Intelligent power quality monitoring system |
| CN105116245A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-02 | 恒电科技有限公司 | Ethernet-based power quality on-line monitoring device |
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- 2019-03-12 CN CN201910183051.5A patent/CN111693793A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101354408A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-01-28 | 南京能瑞自动化设备有限公司 | Electric energy acquisition and operation management system and method based on platform zone centralized service terminal |
| CN101571563A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2009-11-04 | 东方博沃（北京）科技有限公司 | Integrative electric energy quality monitoring terminal |
| CN102928716A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-02-13 | 江苏正佰电气股份有限公司 | Intelligent power quality monitoring system |
| CN105116245A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-02 | 恒电科技有限公司 | Ethernet-based power quality on-line monitoring device |
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Application publication date: 20200922 |