CN111693020A - Photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method, string recombination method and related device - Google Patents
Photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method, string recombination method and related device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method, a string reorganization method and related devices, wherein the photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method can quantify the azimuth angle of each string group by utilizing monitoring data of a power station, namely historical electrical characteristic data and irradiation data of each string group, and only required data need to be extracted from a monitoring system without independently measuring other data, so that the workload of measuring data is reduced, and further the cost is reduced. After the azimuth deviation value of the string is obtained, whether the string needs to be recombined or not can be further judged by using a string recombination method, so that the loss of the parallel mismatch of the string is reduced, and the power generation capacity of the whole power station is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method, a string recombination method and a related device.
Background
The azimuth angle of the photovoltaic group string refers to an included angle between a vertical plane of the photovoltaic array and the south-facing direction. In a photovoltaic power plant, the azimuth angles of different groups of strings may not be consistent, for example, a mountain power plant is affected by terrain, and the azimuth angles of different groups of strings may not be consistent; the roof power station is influenced by the shape of the roof, and the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic modules arranged on the roof power station are possibly inconsistent; other reasons are the azimuth inconsistency due to construction reasons.
For an established photovoltaic power station, groups with different azimuth angles are connected in series and in parallel, and the condition of parallel mismatch can occur, so that the power generation of the whole inverter is influenced. If the phenomenon that the azimuth angles of the strings are inconsistent can be found in time, the method has important significance for improving the overall power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power station.
In the related art, the azimuth angle of the string is usually determined by adopting an IV curve scanning or manual measurement mode for the built power station, but both the two modes need to measure a large amount of data and then calculate the data, so that the workload is large and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string, a method for reorganizing a string, and a related device, so as to reduce the workload of determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string and reduce the cost, and the specific technical solution is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string, including:
acquiring a historical electrical characteristic data sequence of each photovoltaic group string in the power station;
acquiring an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located;
calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth angle;
for any photovoltaic string, calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of the photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle;
and obtaining an azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth of the photovoltaic string.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for recombining a photovoltaic string, including:
acquiring an azimuth deviation value of each photovoltaic group string under each inverter, wherein the azimuth deviation value is acquired by using the method of any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect;
judging whether the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined or not according to the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string under the same inverter;
when it is determined that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined, each photovoltaic string of the inverter is recombined according to the minimum difference of the azimuth deviation values of each photovoltaic string under the same inverter.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides an azimuth angle determining apparatus for a photovoltaic string, including:
the electric characteristic data acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical electric characteristic data sequence of each photovoltaic group string in the power station;
the irradiation data acquisition module is used for acquiring an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located;
the first azimuth angle calculation module is used for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation moment in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth angle;
the second azimuth angle calculation module is used for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of any photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle;
and the azimuth angle deviation calculation module is used for obtaining an azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic group string according to the first solar azimuth angle and the second solar azimuth angle of the photovoltaic group string.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a photovoltaic string reorganization apparatus, including:
an azimuth angle obtaining module, configured to obtain an azimuth angle deviation value of each photovoltaic string under each inverter, where the azimuth angle deviation value is obtained by using the azimuth angle determining method for the photovoltaic string in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect;
the judging module is used for judging whether the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined according to the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string under the same inverter;
and the string recombination module is used for recombining each photovoltaic string of the inverter according to the minimum difference of the azimuth angle deviation values of each photovoltaic string of the same inverter when the photovoltaic strings under the inverter are determined to be required to be recombined.
According to the photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method, historical electrical characteristic data of each string in the power station and irradiation data of the area where the power station is located are obtained. Calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data, namely a first solar azimuth angle; and the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum value moment in the historical electrical characteristic data, namely the second solar azimuth angle. And taking the first solar azimuth angle as a reference azimuth angle, and obtaining a deviation value of the second solar azimuth angle from the first solar azimuth angle, namely an azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic string, wherein the azimuth angle deviation value represents an angle of the azimuth angle of the string from the reference azimuth angle, and the azimuth angle deviation value can be used for quantitatively representing the azimuth angle of the string. According to the process, the azimuth angle of each group of strings can be quantified by utilizing the monitoring data of the power station, namely the historical electrical characteristic data and the irradiation data of each group of strings, other data do not need to be measured independently, and only the required data need to be extracted from the monitoring system, so that the workload of measuring the data is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2a is a flowchart of a process of calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to a maximum irradiation time according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2b is a flowchart of another process for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to a maximum irradiation time according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for reorganizing a photovoltaic string provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a process for determining whether a photovoltaic string needs to be reassembled according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an azimuth angle determining apparatus for a photovoltaic string provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic string reorganization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method can calculate an orientation of the photovoltaic string by using only monitoring data of a photovoltaic power station, such as electrical characteristic data and irradiation data.
As shown in fig. 1, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
and S110, acquiring a historical electrical characteristic data sequence of each photovoltaic group string in the power station.
Herein, the electrical characteristic data is data representing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic string, such as current, power and the like. The electrical characteristic data in this embodiment is described by taking current data as an example, the processing procedure when power data is used is the same as that of the current data, and the processing procedure when power data is used is not described in detail here.
For example, a time sequence of historical currents of each photovoltaic group string in a photovoltaic power station is obtained from a monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station, namely the historical current sequence is recorded as iseries. And S120, acquiring an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located.
Acquiring original irradiation data of an irradiator arranged in a photovoltaic power station, and selecting available irradiation data from the original irradiation data, namely an irradiation data sequence, and recording the irradiation data sequence as Lseries。
And S130, calculating a solar azimuth corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth.
Irradiation data sequence L for the day of the maximum irradiation time, dtseries_dtThe time corresponding to the maximum irradiation value in (1) is recorded as tL_dt。
In one embodiment of the present application, the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time may be calculated according to the process as shown in fig. 2 a:
and S1311, calculating the solar azimuth angle change rate according to the sunrise hour angle, the sunrise time and the sunset time of the area where the power station is located.
Sunrise time tsrIs the time of rising sun in the area of the photovoltaic power station, and the sunset time tssIs the time when the sun falls in the area of the photovoltaic power station.
Sunrise hour angle angsrIs the sun azimuth angle corresponding to the sunrise time, the sunset hour angle angssIs the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the sunset time.
Acquiring the sunrise time t of the geographic position all year round from a website or a database according to the longitude and latitude of the position of the photovoltaic power stationsrSunset time tssAngle of sunrise and hour angsrAnd sunset hour angle angssAnd so on.
Rate of change of solar azimuth angle
And S1312, calculating the time difference between the maximum irradiation moment and the sunrise time, and calculating to obtain a first solar azimuth angle change value according to the solar azimuth angle change rate and the time difference.
For any characteristic day dt, the time difference between the maximum irradiation time and the sunrise time of the day is
The change value of the solar azimuth angle in the period from the sunrise time to the maximum irradiation time, namely the change value of the first solar azimuth angle, can be calculated by multiplying the solar azimuth angle change rate calculated in the previous step and the time difference between the maximum irradiation time and the sunrise time calculated in the previous step.
And S1313, calculating the sum of the sunrise time angle and the first solar azimuth angle change value to obtain a first solar azimuth angle.
On the basis of the sunrise hour angle, the azimuth angle change value of the sun in the period from the sunrise hour to the maximum irradiation time is added, so that the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time, namely the first solar azimuth angle, can be obtained according to the formula 1:
in the formula 1, the first and second groups of the compound,
and expressing the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time of the day dt, namely the first solar azimuth angle, wherein dt expresses any selected characteristic day.
In another embodiment of the present application, the first solar azimuth angle may also be calculated using the process shown in fig. 2 b:
s1321, calculating the solar altitude angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time of the area where the power station is located.
The solar altitude is calculated according to the following equation 2:
wherein h is the solar altitude;
declination angle: 23.45 °. sin [360 · (284+ n)/365], wherein, starting from 1 month and 1 day, the current day is the nth day of the year, and the embodiment specifically refers to the number of days of the selected characteristic day in the year;
ω is the solar time angle: ω 15 ° (12-t), where t is the time of day, t ∈ [0,24h ], and in this embodiment specifically refers to the maximum irradiation time.
S1322, calculating according to the solar altitude angle to obtain a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the area of the power station at the maximum irradiation time, and obtaining a first solar azimuth angle.
The solar azimuth is calculated according to equation 3:
a in formula 3 is the first solar azimuth angle, and
the meanings of ω, h are the same as in equation 2.
After the solar altitude corresponding to the area of the power station at the maximum irradiation time is obtained through calculation, the solar altitude is substituted into a formula 3 to obtain a solar azimuth corresponding to the area at the maximum irradiation time, namely a first solar azimuth.
And S140, calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of any photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle.
The calculation process of the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data time of the string is similar to the calculation process of the solar azimuth angle at the maximum irradiation time, wherein the maximum electrical characteristic data time is the time corresponding to the time when the numerical value of the electrical characteristic data is maximum, for example, when the electrical characteristic data is current, that is, the time when the current is maximum; the electrical characteristic data is the time of power, i.e. the moment when the power is at a maximum.
In one embodiment of the present application, the solar azimuth angle at the time of the maximum current of the string can be calculated according to equation 4:
in the formula 4, the first and second groups of the compound,
representing the solar azimuth angle, t, at the moment of maximum current of the kth string under the inverter inv on the day of a certain characteristic day dti_dt_inv_kIndicating the maximum current instant of the kth string at a certain characteristic day dt of the inverter inv.
If the power data is adopted, the maximum current moment in the formula 4 is directly replaced by the maximum power moment.
In another embodiment of the present application, a solar elevation angle corresponding to a maximum current time of a photovoltaic string in a power station on a certain characteristic day can be calculated by using formula 2, and a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum current time, that is, a second solar azimuth angle, is further calculated by using formula 3.
In addition, the second solar azimuth corresponding to the maximum power moment can be obtained by calculation by using the method, which is not described herein again.
S150, obtaining an azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth of the photovoltaic string.
Theoretically, if the photovoltaic string faces the direction of the maximum solar irradiation in one day, the electrical characteristic data corresponding to the photovoltaic string at the maximum irradiation time should be the maximum, and the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum characteristic data time of the string is consistent with the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time. And performing reverse deduction, wherein if the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of the photovoltaic string is inconsistent with the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation moment, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string deviates from the solar azimuth angle at the maximum irradiation moment. Therefore, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string can be represented by the deviation condition between the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment and the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the irradiation maximum moment.
From the above, the azimuth angle of the string calculated herein is the deviation angle of the string from the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time. Specifically, the calculation can be obtained by using formula 3:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
an azimuth angle representing a kth string of inverters is offset from an angle of the first sun azimuth angle.
The azimuth angle determining method for photovoltaic strings provided by this embodiment obtains historical electrical characteristic data of each string in the power station and irradiation data of the area where the power station is located. Calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data, namely a first solar azimuth angle; and the solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum value moment in the historical electrical characteristic data, namely the second solar azimuth angle. And obtaining an azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth. Therefore, the azimuth angle of each group of strings can be judged by using the monitoring data of the power station, namely the historical electrical characteristic data and the irradiation data of each group of strings, and only the required data is extracted from the monitoring system without independently measuring other data, so that the workload of measuring the data is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, a flowchart of another method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, where in the embodiment, an example that electrical characteristic data is current data is described, and as shown in fig. 3, the method may include the following steps:
s210, obtaining a historical current sequence of each photovoltaic group string in the power station.
The historical current sequence may be obtained from a monitoring system of the power station, where the current time series sequence for each string per day, i.e., the historical current sequence, can be obtained.
S220, acquiring original irradiation data measured by an irradiator of the power station, and selecting irradiation data between sunrise time and sunset time of the area where the power station is located to obtain candidate irradiation data.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring sunrise/sunset information of a position from a website or a database every year according to longitude and latitude coordinates of the position of a power station, wherein the sunrise/sunset information is sunrise time, sunrise hour angle, sunset time and sunset hour angle. Then, irradiation data between the sunrise time and the sunset time is selected from the original irradiation data as candidate irradiation data.
And S230, selecting irradiation data with the change rate meeting the preset conditions from the candidate irradiation data corresponding to the plurality of days, and determining the irradiation data as an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located.
In order to eliminate the influence of weather factors, an analyzable day set needs to be determined according to the collected candidate irradiation data corresponding to multiple days, and then the azimuth angle of the string is calculated by using the data (irradiation data and current data) corresponding to the analyzable days. For example, the irradiation data of about 30 days is derived from the irradiator, and the irradiation data of one day or several days with smoother irradiation data is screened from the irradiation data of the 30 days to continue the subsequent analysis.
Wherein, the condition that the second order difference of the irradiation data is less than the set threshold value delta dd is satisfied when the available irradiation data is selected
The second-order difference of the irradiation data of any day can be calculated according to the following formula 4:
therein, dtseriesFor analyzable daily sets, Lseries_dtAvailable irradiation data sequence for dt for the day, Lseries_dt(t) is Lseries_dtThe irradiation value corresponding to the middle t moment; Δ t is Lseries_dtThe time interval between two adjacent points, Δ dd, is a set threshold.
The second-order difference of the irradiation data can represent the change condition of the change rate of the irradiation data, the smaller the change rate change is, the more stable the irradiation data is, the weather is clear, the influence of other weather factors (such as cloud layers) on solar irradiation is small, and the influence of the weather factors discharged by the irradiation data is higher in usability; a larger change in the rate of change indicates less stable irradiance data and less usable irradiance data.
The delta dd can be set according to actual requirements, and is usually a small value, so that the change rate of the selected irradiation data is stable, and the irradiation data curve is smooth.
According to the above conditions, an irradiation data sequence which can be used for analyzing a day can be selected, the above conditions are repeatedly used to select available irradiation data corresponding to more dates, and a set of all dates corresponding to the selected available irradiation data is called an analyzable day set. The acquisition of current data corresponding to the set of analyzable days may then continue.
S240, from analyzable day set dtseriesAnd selecting a historical current sequence and an irradiation data sequence corresponding to n characteristic days nearest to the current date.
The data of the current nearest n characteristic days are selected from the analyzable day set, where n may be determined according to actual needs, for example, n is 3. For example, currently 6 months and 1 days, the data for the 3 days closest to 6 months and 1 days, the historical current data and the irradiation data may be selected from the analyzable day set.
And S250, respectively calculating a first solar azimuth angle corresponding to the irradiation maximum time in each characteristic day.
And S260, for any photovoltaic string, respectively calculating a second solar azimuth angle corresponding to each characteristic day of the photovoltaic string.
And S270, calculating the deviation angle between the second solar azimuth angle and the first solar azimuth angle of any photovoltaic group string corresponding to the same characteristic day.
And for any characteristic day, calculating the deviation between the second solar azimuth angle corresponding to the characteristic day and the first solar azimuth angle corresponding to the characteristic day of any group of strings as the azimuth angle corresponding to the characteristic day of the group of strings. The deviation angles of the azimuth angles corresponding to the set of clusters on all the characteristic days are calculated in the manner described above.
And S280, calculating the average value of the azimuth angle deviation angles corresponding to the characteristic days of the same photovoltaic string as the azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic string.
For example, if 3 feature days of data are selected in S240, the same set of strings need to be calculatedMean value of azimuth deviation angles corresponding to the 3 characteristic days
The average is taken as the final azimuth deviation value of the series.
According to the azimuth angle determining method for the photovoltaic string, the average value of the angles of the photovoltaic string deviating from the reference azimuth angle corresponding to the plurality of characteristic days is used as the final angle of the photovoltaic string deviating from the reference azimuth angle, so that the influence of random factors on the final calculation result is avoided, and the accuracy of the final result is improved.
Corresponding to the above embodiment of the method for determining the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string, the present application also provides an embodiment of a method for recombining photovoltaic strings.
Referring to fig. 4, a flowchart of a photovoltaic string reorganization method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, where after an azimuth angle of each string is determined, the strings under an inverter may be reorganized again according to the azimuth angle of the string to reduce string parallel mismatch loss, and increase power generation of a power station.
As shown in fig. 4, the method comprises the steps of:
and S310, obtaining an azimuth deviation value of each photovoltaic group string under each inverter.
And obtaining an azimuth deviation value of each photovoltaic string under each inverter in the power station according to the azimuth determination method of the photovoltaic string.
And S320, judging whether the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined or not according to the azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic string under the same inverter.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the implementation process of S320 may include the following steps:
s321, calculating the difference between the direction angle deviation values of all the photovoltaic group strings of the same inverter, and determining the maximum difference of the azimuth angles.
S322, judging whether the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles is greater than or equal to a preset angle threshold value, if so, executing S323; if not, S324 is performed.
And S323, the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined.
The preset angle threshold in this step may be set according to actual requirements.
And S324, the photovoltaic string below the inverter does not need to be recombined.
S330, when it is determined that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined, recombining each photovoltaic string of the inverter according to the minimum difference of the azimuth deviation values of each photovoltaic string under the same inverter.
The number of input paths of a Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) of the inverter under the inverter is nummpptGrouping strings under the inverter by MPPT input, i.e. dividing strings under the inverter into nummpptAnd each group comprises m group strings, wherein m is the group string number limit under one path of MPPT.
When the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined, original grouping of all strings under the same inverter is disturbed, and grouping is carried out again according to the sequence that the variance (or standard deviation) of the azimuth angle deviation values of the strings is from small to large and according to one group of every m strings until all strings under the inverter are completely grouped.
S340, comparing whether each recombined string group is the same as the string group input by the original MPPT under the inverter or not; if not, executing S350; if the two are the same, the process is ended.
And after each recombined string group is obtained, comparing whether the regrouped string group is the same as the group input by the original MPPT or not.
And S350, grouping the recombined strings which are different from the strings input by the original MPPT of the inverter, and obtaining a recombination scheme according to a comparison result.
If the grouped group string after being recombined is different from the original group string, different groups are found out, the different groups are the group strings which need to be regrouped, and the recombination scheme is obtained according to the different groups. For example, in the new packet the group strings 1, 2, 4, 5 are one group, while in the original packet the group strings 1, 2, 3, 4 are one group, the reassembly scheme is to divide the group strings 1, 2, 4, 5 into one group.
According to the photovoltaic string recombination method provided by the embodiment, after the azimuth deviation value of the string is obtained, whether the string under the inverter needs to be recombined is determined according to the difference of the azimuth deviation values among the strings under the inverter, and if the string under the inverter needs to be recombined, each string under the same inverter is further recombined according to the minimum difference of the azimuth deviation values. And then comparing whether the recombined groups of strings are the same as the original groups of strings of the inverter or not, and if so, obtaining a recombination scheme according to the comparison result. Operation and maintenance personnel can recombine the strings according to a recombination scheme, so that the difference of azimuth angle deviation values of the strings in the same group is small, the parallel mismatch loss is reduced, and the power generation capacity of the whole power station is improved.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the azimuth angle determining method of the photovoltaic string, the application also provides an embodiment of an azimuth angle determining device of the photovoltaic string.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of an azimuth angle determining apparatus for a photovoltaic string according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, and as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:
and the electrical characteristic data acquisition module 110 is configured to acquire a historical electrical characteristic data sequence of each photovoltaic string in the power station.
And the irradiation data acquisition module 120 is configured to acquire an irradiation data sequence of an area where the power station is located.
In order to eliminate the influence of weather factors, stable irradiation data needs to be selected for subsequent analysis, wherein the irradiation data acquisition module 120 mainly includes:
the coordinate acquisition submodule is used for acquiring longitude and latitude coordinates of an area where the power station is located;
a sunrise/sunset information acquisition submodule for acquiring sunrise/sunset information of each day corresponding to the longitude and latitude coordinates, wherein the sunrise/sunset information includes sunrise time and sunset time;
the candidate irradiation data selection submodule is used for acquiring irradiation data between the sunrise time and the sunset time from initial irradiation data of an irradiator of the power station to obtain candidate irradiation data;
and the available irradiation data selection submodule is used for selecting irradiation data with the change rate meeting the preset condition from candidate irradiation data of multiple days and determining the irradiation data as the irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located.
The first azimuth calculation module 130 is configured to calculate a solar azimuth corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth.
In one embodiment of the present application, the first azimuth calculation module 130 mainly includes:
and the first azimuth angle change rate calculation submodule is used for calculating and obtaining the solar azimuth angle change rate according to the sunrise hour angle, the sunset hour angle, the sunrise time and the sunset time of the area where the power station is located.
And the first azimuth angle change value operator module is used for calculating the time difference between the maximum irradiation moment and the sunrise time and calculating to obtain a first solar azimuth angle change value according to the solar azimuth angle change rate and the time difference.
And the first azimuth angle calculation submodule is used for calculating the sum of the sunrise time angle and the first solar azimuth angle change value to obtain the first solar azimuth angle.
In another embodiment of the present application, the first azimuth calculation module 130 mainly includes:
the first solar altitude angle calculation submodule is used for calculating and obtaining the solar altitude angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time of the area where the power station is located according to the geographical latitude of the area where the power station is located, the declination angle and the solar hour angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time;
and the second azimuth angle calculation submodule is used for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the area where the power station is located at the maximum irradiation moment according to the solar altitude angle to obtain the first solar azimuth angle.
The second azimuth calculation module 140 is configured to calculate, for any photovoltaic string, a solar azimuth corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data of the photovoltaic string at the moment, so as to obtain a second solar azimuth.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second azimuth calculation module 140 mainly includes:
and the second azimuth angle change rate calculation submodule is used for calculating the solar azimuth angle change rate according to the sunrise hour angle, the sunset hour angle, the sunrise time and the sunset time of the area where the power station is located.
The calculation process of the second azimuth change rate calculation sub-module here is the same as that of the first azimuth change rate calculation sub-module described above.
The second azimuth angle change value operator module is used for calculating the time difference between the maximum current moment and the sunrise time and calculating a second solar azimuth angle change value according to the solar azimuth angle change rate and the time difference;
and the third azimuth angle calculation submodule is used for calculating the sum of the sunrise time angle and the first solar azimuth angle change value to obtain the second solar azimuth angle.
In another embodiment of the present application, the second azimuth calculation module includes:
the second solar altitude angle calculation submodule is used for calculating and obtaining the solar altitude angle of the area where the power station is located at the moment of the maximum electrical characteristic data according to the geographical latitude of the area where the power station is located, the declination angle and the solar hour angle corresponding to the moment of the maximum electrical characteristic data;
and the fourth azimuth angle calculation submodule is used for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of the area where the power station is located according to the solar altitude angle to obtain a second solar azimuth angle corresponding to the photovoltaic group string.
The azimuth deviation calculation module 150 is configured to obtain an azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth of the photovoltaic string.
In an embodiment of the present application, the azimuth deviation calculating module 150 is specifically configured to: calculating a deviation angle between a second solar azimuth angle and the first solar azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string by taking the first solar azimuth angle as a reference azimuth angle; and obtaining an azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic group string according to the deviation angle corresponding to the photovoltaic group string.
In another embodiment of the present application, the azimuth deviation calculation module 150 includes: a first computation submodule and a second computation submodule.
And the first calculation submodule is used for respectively calculating the deviation angle between the second solar azimuth angle corresponding to each characteristic day and the reference azimuth angle corresponding to the same characteristic day of any photovoltaic group string.
And the second calculating submodule is used for calculating the average value of each deviation angle corresponding to each characteristic day of the photovoltaic group string and determining the average value as the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic group string.
The utility model provides a photovoltaic group string azimuth angle determining means utilizes the monitoring data of power station, and the historical electricity characteristic data and the irradiation data of each group string promptly, just can judge the azimuth of each group string, does not need other data of independent measurement, only need follow the monitored control system extract the data that needs can, consequently, reduced measured data's work load, and then the cost is reduced.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the photovoltaic string recombination method, the application also provides an embodiment of a photovoltaic string recombination device.
Referring to fig. 7, a block diagram of a photovoltaic string reorganization apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus mainly includes:
an azimuth obtaining module 210, configured to obtain an azimuth deviation value of each photovoltaic string under each inverter.
The determining module 220 is configured to determine whether the pv strings under the same inverter need to be recombined according to the azimuth deviation value of the pv strings under the same inverter.
In one embodiment of the present application, the determining module 220 includes: the device comprises a difference value calculation submodule, a first determination submodule and a second determination submodule.
And the difference value calculation submodule is used for calculating the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles among the azimuth angle deviation values of all the photovoltaic group strings under the same inverter.
The first determining submodule is used for determining that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined when the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles is larger than or equal to a preset angle threshold.
And the second determining submodule is used for determining that the photovoltaic string under the inverter does not need to be recombined when the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles is smaller than the preset angle threshold value.
The string restructuring module 230 is configured to, when it is determined that the photovoltaic strings under the inverter need to be restructured, restructure the photovoltaic strings of the inverter according to a minimum difference between azimuth deviation values of the photovoltaic strings under the same inverter.
In an embodiment of the present application, the string reorganizing module 230 is specifically configured to: when it is determined that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined, a preset number of strings are selected as a group according to the sequence that the variance or standard deviation of the azimuth deviation values of the strings is from small to large until all the strings under the inverter are completely grouped.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus further comprises:
and the comparison module 240 is configured to compare whether each group string grouping after the reorganization is the same as the group string grouping input by the original MPPT under the inverter.
And a recombination scheme determining module 250, configured to obtain a recombination scheme according to a comparison result, for a group string that is different from the group string input by the original MPPT of the inverter.
According to the photovoltaic string recombination device provided by the embodiment, after the azimuth deviation value of the string is obtained, whether the string under the inverter needs to be recombined is determined according to the difference of the azimuth deviation values among the strings under the inverter, and if the string under the inverter needs to be recombined, each string under the same inverter is further recombined according to the minimum difference of the azimuth deviation values. And then comparing whether the recombined groups of strings are the same as the original groups of strings of the inverter or not, and if so, obtaining a recombination scheme according to the comparison result. Operation and maintenance personnel can recombine the strings according to a recombination scheme, so that the difference of azimuth angle deviation values of the strings in the same group is small, the parallel mismatch loss is reduced, and the power generation capacity of the whole power station is improved.
The azimuth angle determining apparatus for photovoltaic string includes a processor and a memory, the electrical characteristic data acquiring module 110, the irradiation data acquiring module 120, the first azimuth angle calculating module 130, the second azimuth angle calculating module 140, the azimuth angle deviation calculating module 150, etc. are stored in the memory as program modules, and the processor executes the program modules stored in the memory to implement corresponding functions.
On the other hand, the photovoltaic string reorganizing apparatus includes a processor and a memory, the azimuth angle obtaining module 210, the determining module 220, the string reorganizing module 230, the comparing module 240, and the reorganizing scheme determining module 250 are all stored in the memory as program modules, and the processor executes the program modules in the memory to implement corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program module from the memory. One or more than one kernel can be set, the azimuth angle of the string can be quantitatively calculated by utilizing the monitoring data (irradiation data and historical electrical characteristic data) of the power station by adjusting kernel parameters, the workload of measuring data is reduced, and the measuring cost is further reduced.
On the other hand, the present application further provides a storage medium executable by a computing device, where the storage medium stores a program, and the program, when executed by the computing device, implements the method for determining an azimuth angle of a pv string and the method for reorganizing pv strings.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
It should be noted that technical features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced or combined with each other, each embodiment is mainly described as a difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs.
The device and the modules and sub-modules in the terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminal, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of a module or a sub-module is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the terminal is actually implemented, for example, a plurality of sub-modules or modules may be combined or integrated into another module, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules or sub-modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts that are modules or sub-modules may or may not be physical modules or sub-modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules or sub-modules. Some or all of the modules or sub-modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, each functional module or sub-module in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module or sub-module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules or sub-modules may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules or sub-modules may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional modules or sub-modules.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a historical electrical characteristic data sequence of each photovoltaic group string in the power station;
acquiring an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located;
calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth angle;
for any photovoltaic string, calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of the photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle;
and obtaining an azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth of the photovoltaic string.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth of the photovoltaic string comprises:
calculating a deviation angle between a second solar azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string and the first solar azimuth angle by taking the first solar azimuth angle as a reference azimuth angle;
and obtaining an azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic group string according to the deviation angle corresponding to the photovoltaic group string.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the obtaining the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string according to the first solar azimuth and the second solar azimuth of the photovoltaic string comprises:
for any photovoltaic group string, respectively calculating the deviation angle between a second solar azimuth angle corresponding to each characteristic day and a reference azimuth angle corresponding to the same characteristic day;
and calculating the average value of each deviation angle corresponding to each characteristic day of the photovoltaic group string, and determining the average value as the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic group string.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the solar azimuth corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth comprises:
calculating to obtain the change rate of the solar azimuth angle according to the sunrise hour angle, the sunset hour angle, the sunrise time and the sunset time of the area where the power station is located;
calculating the time difference between the maximum irradiation moment and the sunrise time, and calculating to obtain a first solar azimuth angle change value according to the solar azimuth angle change rate and the time difference;
and calculating the sum of the sunrise time angle and the first solar azimuth angle change value to obtain the first solar azimuth angle.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the solar azimuth corresponding to the maximum irradiation time in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth comprises:
calculating to obtain a solar altitude angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time of the area where the power station is located according to the geographical latitude of the area where the power station is located, the declination angle and the solar hour angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation time;
and calculating a solar azimuth corresponding to the area of the power station at the maximum irradiation moment according to the solar altitude to obtain the first solar azimuth.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein for any photovoltaic string, calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to a time of maximum electrical characteristic data of the photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle comprises:
calculating to obtain the change rate of the solar azimuth angle according to the sunrise hour angle, the sunset hour angle, the sunrise time and the sunset time of the area where the power station is located;
calculating the time difference between the maximum electrical characteristic data moment and the sunrise time, and calculating to obtain a second solar azimuth change value according to the solar azimuth change rate and the time difference;
and calculating the sum of the sunrise time angle and the variation value of the first solar azimuth angle to obtain the second solar azimuth angle.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein for any photovoltaic string, calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to a time of maximum electrical characteristic data of the photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle comprises:
calculating to obtain a solar altitude angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of the area where the power station is located according to the geographical latitude of the area where the power station is located, the declination angle and the solar hour angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment;
and calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of the area where the power station is located according to the solar altitude angle to obtain a second solar azimuth angle corresponding to the photovoltaic group string.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the irradiation data sequence for the area of the power plant comprises:
acquiring longitude and latitude coordinates of an area where the power station is located;
acquiring sunrise/sunset information of each day corresponding to the longitude and latitude coordinates, wherein the sunrise/sunset information comprises sunrise time and sunset time;
acquiring irradiation data between the sunrise time and the sunset time from initial irradiation data of an irradiator of the power station to obtain candidate irradiation data;
selecting irradiation data with the change rate meeting preset conditions from the candidate irradiation data of multiple days, and determining the irradiation data as an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located.
9. A photovoltaic string recombination method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining an azimuth deviation value for each string of photovoltaic strings under each inverter, the azimuth deviation value being obtained using the method of any one of claims 1-8;
judging whether the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined or not according to the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string under the same inverter;
when it is determined that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined, each photovoltaic string of the inverter is recombined according to the minimum difference of the azimuth deviation values of each photovoltaic string under the same inverter.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein when it is determined that the strings of pv strings under the inverter need to be reorganized, reorganizing the strings of pv strings of the inverter according to the minimum difference in the azimuthal deviation value of the strings of pv strings under the same inverter comprises:
when it is determined that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined, a preset number of strings are selected as a group according to the sequence that the variance or standard deviation of the azimuth deviation values of the strings is from small to large until all the strings under the inverter are completely grouped.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the method further comprises:
comparing whether each recombined string group is the same as the string group input by the original MPPT under the inverter or not;
and aiming at the group strings of which the recombined group string groups are different from the group string groups input by the original MPPT of the inverter, obtaining a recombination scheme according to a comparison result.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein determining whether the strings of pv strings under the same inverter need to be reassembled according to the azimuthal deviation of the strings of pv strings under the same inverter comprises:
calculating the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles between the azimuth angle deviation values of all photovoltaic group strings under the same inverter;
when the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles is larger than or equal to a preset angle threshold value, determining that the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined;
and when the maximum difference value of the azimuth angles is smaller than the preset angle threshold value, determining that the photovoltaic string under the inverter does not need to be recombined.
13. An azimuth angle determining apparatus for a photovoltaic string, comprising:
the electric characteristic data acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical electric characteristic data sequence of each photovoltaic group string in the power station;
the irradiation data acquisition module is used for acquiring an irradiation data sequence of the area where the power station is located;
the first azimuth angle calculation module is used for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation moment in the irradiation data sequence to obtain a first solar azimuth angle;
the second azimuth angle calculation module is used for calculating a solar azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum electrical characteristic data moment of any photovoltaic string to obtain a second solar azimuth angle;
and the azimuth angle deviation calculation module is used for obtaining an azimuth angle deviation value of the photovoltaic group string according to the first solar azimuth angle and the second solar azimuth angle of the photovoltaic group string.
14. A photovoltaic string recombination device, comprising:
an azimuth angle obtaining module, configured to obtain an azimuth angle deviation value of each photovoltaic string under each inverter, where the azimuth angle deviation value is obtained by using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the judging module is used for judging whether the photovoltaic string under the inverter needs to be recombined according to the azimuth deviation value of the photovoltaic string under the same inverter;
and the string recombination module is used for recombining each photovoltaic string of the inverter according to the minimum difference of the azimuth angle deviation values of each photovoltaic string of the same inverter when the photovoltaic strings under the inverter are determined to be required to be recombined.
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