CN111691217B

CN111691217B - Method for recovering free starch in papermaking white water

Info

Publication number: CN111691217B
Application number: CN201910183400.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王祥槐; 张福山; 李志军; 胡维维; 刘波
Original assignee: Risingstar Biotech Guangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Risingstar Biotech Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-03-12
Filing date: 2019-03-12
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-12
Also published as: CN111691217A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for recovering free starch in papermaking white water, which comprises the following steps: reacting an anionic starch complexing agent with free starch in papermaking white water to modify the free starch; the chemical structure of the anionic starch complexing agent consists of the following parts: i) one or more hydrophobic groups, wherein at least one hydrophobic group is capable of reacting with starch to form an inclusion complex, and ii) one or more hydrophilic groups, wherein at least one hydrophilic group is an anionic hydrophilic group; the hydrophobic group and the hydrophilic group are respectively positioned at two ends of the same molecular structure and are connected by chemical bonds to form an asymmetric and polar structure. The method can effectively reduce the content of free starch in the papermaking white water, thereby reducing the COD discharge amount of the papermaking wastewater.

Description

Method for recovering free starch in papermaking white water

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pulping and papermaking, in particular to a method for recovering free starch in papermaking white water.

Background

The whole production process of the pulping and papermaking industry, from material preparation to paper making, chemical recovery, paper processing and the like, requires a large amount of water for conveying, washing, dispersing materials, cooling equipment and the like. Although the production process also comprises recovery, treatment and reuse, a large amount of waste water is discharged into a water body, so that the water environment is seriously polluted. Paper industry wastewater is an important pollution source worldwide, and is classified as one of six public hazards and five public hazards in Japan and United states, respectively.

At present, the discharge amount of the wastewater of the paper-making industry and the discharge amount of COD in China are the first of the discharge amounts of various industries in China, and the pollution to the water environment is the first problem of the pollution control of the paper-making industry in China and the first problem of the standard treatment of the industrial wastewater in China. According to statistics, the discharge amount of the industrial wastewater of paper making and paper products in China accounts for 18.6 percent of the total discharge amount of the national industry, the COD in the discharged wastewater accounts for 44.0 percent of the total discharge amount of the COD of the national industry, and the discharge amount after treatment reaches the standard accounts for 49 percent of the total discharge amount of the wastewater of the paper making industry. The papermaking wastewater has high COD concentration and high BOD content, and the treatment method is different from that of common industrial wastewater, at present, the treatment method of the papermaking wastewater mainly comprises a physical method, a chemical method, a biological method and a physical-chemical method, wherein the biological method is most widely applied and becomes one of the main methods for secondary treatment of the papermaking wastewater.

In recent years, with the emphasis on forest resource protection and ecological improvement, the waste paper recycling industry is rapidly developed. According to' year 2016 Chinese paper making annual newspaper in year 2016 published in 5 month 2017 by the Chinese paper making Association, the total output of Chinese paper and paperboard in year 2016 is 10855 ten thousand tons, wherein four major types of industrial paper such as wrapping paper, white board paper, boxboard paper, corrugated paper and the like are 6655 ten thousand tons and account for 61 percent of the total output, and the recycled waste paper accounts for more than 80 percent of the raw material composition of the production of the four major types of paper products at present. Because the paper produced by the waste paper raw material which is repeatedly utilized in China has low strength and poor quality. In order to meet the requirements of users on paper strength and other properties, a general paper making enterprise applies starch surface sizing to improve various performance indexes of paper and paperboard, including paper strength such as bursting strength, ring crush strength, tensile strength, folding strength and the like, air permeability, smoothness, printability, water resistance, grease/oil resistance and the like. The amount of starch used in the surface sizing of starch is 30-80 kg/ton paper.

When the paper products are recycled, a large amount of waste water is generated through the technological processes of paper shredding, purification, screening, concentration, pulp storage, pulping, net surfing and the like. Through analysis, main pollutants in the wastewater mainly comprise pollutants such as dissolved starch, hemicellulose, lignin and derivatives thereof, fine fibers, inorganic fillers, printing ink, dye and the like. Among them, starch, lignin and its derivative organisms, and hemicellulose are the main components forming COD and BOD. In particular, the surface gum starch is mostly dissolved or dispersed in water during pulping, resulting in a high COD concentration of the wastewater. According to typical OCC paper mill production data in China, 30-70% of wastewater COD is estimated to be from starch. These dissolved or colloidal starches are degraded by the amylase enzymes from the microorganisms in the system, causing the starch chains to become shorter and even monosaccharides that are difficult to immobilize on the fibers by fixatives added at the wet end of the paper machine, resulting in an increased concentration of COD contamination in the white water. At present, COD of papermaking drainage of enterprises which use OCC for production in China exceeds 10000ppm, i.e., 1% concentration. In addition, the degraded starch also increases the white water microbial activity during the closed circulation of the white water, producing more VFA, causing paper mill odor pollution.

Therefore, an effective starch retention and recovery technique is of great significance for papermaking. US9091024 describes a method for amylase control using sodium hypochlorite and chloramine. US patent 8758562 describes a method of controlling microorganisms using the weakly oxidizing biocides bromamine and organic biocides, and two fixatives of different molecular weights and charge densities are added to fix starch to the fibers. WO 2012/025228Al Kamila describes a method for the synergistic control of microorganisms and amylase using the weakly oxidizing bactericide bromamine and zinc ions.

However, the above techniques all have some disadvantages: in order to prevent the starch chain from shortening, microorganisms must be sufficiently and effectively controlled to prevent the microorganisms from secreting amylase, and the methods need to add a large amount of bactericide, which can affect the subsequent biological treatment of the waste water. In addition, because the starch of the papermaking white water is mainly derived from surface sizing, the starch has low molecular weight and no electric charge and is difficult to retain in paper, so that a large amount of starch is retained in a pulping and papermaking system, the starch not only serves as a nutrient substance of microorganisms to increase the growth of the microorganisms, but also the accumulation of the starch finally causes the problem of 'starch stickies' deposition, causes paper diseases and broken ends and affects the operation efficiency.

So far, the problem of recycling the dissolved starch in the papermaking white water is not really and effectively solved. The paper industry is eagerly keen to develop an economical and effective technology to reduce the starch dissolution in the process of recycling the fiber and improve the recycling rate of the starch so as to reduce the COD emission, which is a problem in the paper making production for nearly a hundred years.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the method, the invention provides a method for recovering free starch in the papermaking white water, which can effectively reduce the content of the free starch in the papermaking white water, thereby reducing the COD discharge amount of the papermaking wastewater.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a process for recovering free starch from papermaking white water comprising the steps of (a): reacting an anionic starch complexing agent with free starch in papermaking white water to modify the free starch;

the chemical structure of the anionic starch complexing agent consists of the following parts:

i) one or more hydrophobic groups, wherein at least one hydrophobic group is capable of reacting with starch to form an inclusion complex, and

ii) one or more hydrophilic groups, wherein at least one hydrophilic group is an anionic hydrophilic group;

the hydrophobic group and the hydrophilic group are respectively positioned at two ends of the same molecular structure and are connected by chemical bonds to form an asymmetric and polar structure;

the hydrophobic group is a nonpolar group and is selected from at least one of linear chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group, branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, mixed aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon group and fluorine-containing hydrocarbon group;

the hydrophilic group is a polar group selected from at least one of a carboxyl group, a sulfonic group, a sulfuric acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a phosphorous acid group, an amide group, an ester group, a haloformyl group, a carbamoyl group, a cyano group, an aldehyde group, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an alcohol group, a phenol group, a mercapto group and a sulfide group;

and, the anionic starch complexing agent generates a hydrophobic anion upon ionization in water.

In some of these embodiments, the hydrophobic anion generated after ionization of the anionic starch complexing agent in water is selected from at least one of carboxylate anion, sulfate anion, sulfonate anion, phosphate anion, and phosphite anion.

In some of these embodiments, the anionic starch complexing agent has the following structure: R-A or R-A-R;

wherein A is selected from:

or

R is selected from: substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted alkylpolyoxyethylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkylpolyoxypropylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkylpolyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkylarylpolyoxyethylene, substituted or unsubstituted alkylarylpolyoxypropylene;

m is selected from: H. metal ions, ammonium ions, organic amine cations.

In some of these embodiments, R is selected from: r₁Substituted C4-C40 alkyl, alkyl containing a carbon-carbon double bond, R₂Substituted C6-C10 aryl, R₃Substituted C4-C40 alkylpolyoxyethylene, R₃Substituted C4-C40 alkylpolyoxypropylene, R₃Substituted C4-C40 alkyl C6-C10 aryl polyoxyethylene, R₃Substituted C4-C40 alkyl C6-C10 aryl polyoxypropylene;

wherein R is₁And R₃Each independently selected from: H. fluorine, C1-C20 alkyl, carboxyl, mercapto, phenyl, C1-C20 alkyl substituted phenyl;

R₂selected from: H. fluorine, C4-C40 alkyl, C4-C40 alkoxy, substituted C4-C40 alkyl, carboxyl, mercapto, phenyl, C4-C40 alkyl substituted phenyl;

the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl containing carbon-carbon double bonds is 10-40, and the number of the carbon-carbon double bonds is 1-10.

In some of these embodiments, R is selected from: r₁Substituted C7-C32 alkyl, alkyl containing a carbon-carbon double bond, R₂Substituted phenyl, R₃Substituted C7-C32 alkylpolyoxyethylene, R₃Substituted C7-C32 alkylpolyoxypropylene, R₃Substituted C7-C32 alkylphenylpolyoxyethylene group, R₃Substituted C7-C32 alkylphenylpolyoxypropylene; the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl containing the carbon-carbon double bond is 14-32, and the number of the carbon-carbon double bonds is 1-10.

In some of these embodiments, R is selected from: r is₁Substituted C11-C26 alkyl, alkyl containing a carbon-carbon double bond, R₂Substituted phenyl, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylpolyoxyethylene, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylpolyoxypropylene, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylphenylpolyoxyethylene group, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylphenylpolyoxypropylene; the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl containing the carbon-carbon double bond is 18-26, and the number of the carbon-carbon double bonds is 1-6.

In some of these embodiments, R₁And R₃Each independently selected from: H. fluorine, mercapto, C1-C6 alkyl.

In some of these embodiments, R₂Selected from: C7-C32 alkyl, R₁Substituted C7-C32 alkyl, carboxyl, C7-C32 alkoxy.

In some of these embodiments, R₂Selected from: C11-C26 alkyl, R₁Substituted C11-C26 alkyl, carboxyl, C11-C26 alkoxy.

In some of these embodiments, the anionic starch complexing agent is selected from at least one of the following compounds: octanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, undecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, hexadecenoic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid-9-acid, octadecenoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, sodium stearate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, ammonium dodecylsulfate, sodium laureth sulfate salt, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorobutylsulfonic acid, octadecylphosphoric acid, sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid, sodium stearyl phosphate, polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate, polyoxyethylene, 11-mercapto undecyl phosphoric acid, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, hexadecyloxy benzene sulfonic acid formic acid, sodium didodecyl polyoxyethylene phosphate, sodium polyoxyethylene dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl polyoxypropylene phosphate, and 1, 2-bis-fluoromethyl-heneicosyl diammonium phosphate.

In some of these embodiments, the free starch is selected from: at least one of corn starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, and oxidation modified starch; the oxidation modified starch is oxidation modified corn starch, oxidation modified cassava starch, oxidation modified sweet potato starch or oxidation modified wheat starch.

In some of these embodiments, the method of preparing the oxidatively modified starch comprises the steps of: preparing starch into water solution, heating to 80-100 deg.C, adding starch oxidant or amylase, reacting until viscosity is stable, and cooling to 60-70 deg.C to obtain the final product.

In some of these embodiments, the method of recovering free starch in papermaking white water comprises the steps of:

(a) adding an anionic starch complexing agent into papermaking white water, and reacting the anionic starch complexing agent with free starch in the papermaking white water to modify the free starch to obtain modified starch;

(b) and adding fiber or paper pulp, and performing adsorption reaction to adsorb the modified starch.

In some of these embodiments, the fiber or pulp has a solids concentration of 1% to 10%.

In some of these embodiments, the fiber or pulp has a solids concentration of 2% to 4%.

In some of these embodiments, the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dry weight of the fiber or pulp is from 0.02 to 20 kg/T.

In some of these embodiments, the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dry weight of the fiber or pulp is from 0.15 to 2 kg/T.

In some of these embodiments, the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dry weight of the fiber or pulp is from 0.2 to 1.5 kg/T.

In some embodiments, the method for recovering free starch in papermaking white water further comprises the step of adding a synergist, and specifically comprises the following steps:

(b) adding fiber or paper pulp and a synergist, and performing adsorption reaction to adsorb the modified starch;

the synergist is a cationic polymer, a nonionic polymer or a zwitterionic polymer which has an effect of promoting the retention of the modified starch on fibers, and the molecular weight of the cationic polymer, the nonionic polymer or the zwitterionic polymer is 50,000-10,000,0000 Dalton.

In some of these embodiments, the potentiator is selected from: at least one of polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium sulfate, polyferric sulfate, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, poly hydroxypropyldimethylammonium chloride, dicyandiamide formaldehyde polycondensation resin, polyvinylamine, polyethyleneimine, polydichloroethyl ether tetramethylethylenediamine, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid anion copolymer and quaternary ammonium salt polymeric flocculant.

In some of these embodiments, the mass ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the synergist is 1: 0.05-40.

In some of these embodiments, the mass ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the synergist is 1: 0.1-10.

In some of these embodiments, the mass ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the synergist is 1: 0.2-5.

In some of these embodiments, the temperature of the reaction of step a) is 10-90 ℃ and the temperature of the adsorption reaction of step b) is 10-90 ℃.

In some of these embodiments, the reaction time of step a) is from 1min to 20 h.

In some of these embodiments, the reaction time of step a) is from 5min to 1 h.

In some of these embodiments, the time for the adsorption reaction of step b) is from 1min to 120 min.

In some of these embodiments, the time for the adsorption reaction of step b) is 5min to 30 min.

In some of these embodiments, the reaction of step a) and step b) has a pH of 4 to 11.

In some of these embodiments, the reaction of step a) and step b) has a pH of 5 to 9.

The method for recovering the free starch in the papermaking white water has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

according to the method for recovering the free starch in the papermaking white water, the anionic complexing agent with a special complexing effect on the starch is added into the papermaking white water to react with the starch in the papermaking white water to generate the ' starch-compound ' included complex ', so that the physical and chemical properties of the starch in the papermaking white water are changed, the solubility of the starch in the papermaking white water is reduced, the content of the free starch in the papermaking white water can be greatly reduced, and the COD (chemical oxygen demand) discharge amount of the papermaking wastewater is reduced. The fiber or pulp is further added into the white water treated by the anion complexing agent, so that the obtained starch-compound can be precipitated or adsorbed in the fiber or pulp, the free starch content in the white water can be further reduced, and the fiber or pulp adsorbed with the starch prepared by the recovered white water can be directly used for papermaking, so that the recovery rate of the starch and the utilization rate in papermaking are greatly improved. A certain synergist is added in the process of recycling treatment by using the method disclosed by the invention, so that the content of free starch in the white water can be further reduced, and the COD discharge amount of the papermaking wastewater is reduced.

Thus, the method of recovering free starch from papermaking white water of the present invention can produce various advantageous effects, including: (1) the COD concentration of papermaking drainage is reduced, organic pollution is reduced, and environmental protection is improved; (2) the recovery rate of starch is improved, and the production cost is reduced; (3) reduce the starch consumption of the paper industry and increase the national food safety. Therefore, the method for recovering the free starch in the papermaking white water has great significance for the papermaking production industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of reaction time on the reaction of different structures of anionic starch complexing agents with solubilized starch; in the figure, the starch retention rate is calculated according to the concentration of the dissolved starch before and after the reaction, the pulp and the cation retention agent are not added, the number of the starch binding agent is according to the table 1-3, the dosage is 30mg/L of solution concentration, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, and the pH is the natural pH (6.5-7) of the pulp.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of reaction temperature on the reaction of an anionic starch binder A6 with starch; blank is only starch, A6 is added with starch binder A6(30mg/L), A6+ Y2 is added with starch binder A6 and retention agent Y2(1000g/T absolute dry pulp), the reaction time is 60 minutes, and the pH is the natural pH of the pulp (6.5-7).

FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of reaction pH on the reaction of an anionic starch binder A6 with starch; wherein the dosage of the starch binder A6 is 30mg/L, the dosage of the Y2 is 1000g/T (oven-dried pulp), the reaction time is 60 minutes, and the temperature is 45 ℃.

FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of reaction pH on the reaction of the anionic starch binder A38 with starch; wherein the dosage of the starch binder A38 is 30mg/L, the dosage of the Y2 is 1000g/T (oven dried pulp), the reaction time is 60 minutes, and the temperature is 45 ℃.

Fig. 5 is a graph of the effect of starch complexing agent a26 and synergist Y4, alone and in combination, on starch retention of BKP pulp.

Fig. 6 is a graph of the effect of starch complexing agent a26 and synergist Y4, alone and in combination, on COD reduction.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the growth of the bacterial culture of example 10.

Detailed Description

The definitions and meanings of technical terms in the present invention include the following.

In the present invention, "Starch Binding reaction" (Starch Binding), "Starch Complexation" (Starch Modification) "and" Starch Modification "(Starch Modification) mean a reaction of Starch with a substance having affinity for Starch in an aqueous phase, forming the Starch into a helix and including the reactant in the helix, and a" Inclusion Complex "(Inclusion Complex). These names are used interchangeably in the present technology. The "inclusion complex" formed is referred to as "modified starch", or "modified starch", i.e. "modified starch" and "modified starch" have the same meaning in the art and are used interchangeably.

In the above reaction, a reactant having a specific affinity for Starch is called "Starch Binding Agents (Starch Binding Agents)" or "Starch complexing Agents (Starch complexing Agents)", and the reactant can react with Starch to form an inclusion complex, and the chemical structure of the reactant is composed of the following components:

one or more hydrophobic groups, at least one of which has a strong affinity for starch, capable of reacting with starch to form an "Inclusion Complex" (Inclusion Complex) of starch-compounds, and

ii) one or more hydrophilic groups to allow the compound itself to achieve sufficient aqueous solubility;

the two groups with the structures and the properties which are opposite are positioned at two ends of the same molecular structure and are connected by chemical bonds, so that an asymmetric and polar structure is formed.

The hydrophobic groups are nonpolar groups, and can be classified according to the structure of the hydrophobic groups, such as straight chain/branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, mixed aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon, mixed hydrocarbon with weak hydrophilic groups, perfluoroalkyl groups, and fluorine-containing mixed hydrocarbon groups.

Wherein the hydrophilic group is a polar group, and is classified into a carboxyl group, a sulfonic group, a sulfuric group, a phosphoric group, a phosphorous group, an amide group, an ester group, a haloformyl group, a carbamoyl group, a cyano group, an aldehyde group, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an alcohol group, a phenol group, a mercapto group, a sulfide group, and the like, according to the structure or chemical properties.

The starch binder may be referred to as a starch modifier (starch modifier), a starch crystallizing agent (starch crystallizing agent), a starch precipitant (starch precipitating agent), a starch agglomerating agent (starch agglomerating agent), a starch cross-linking agent (starch binder), a starch adsorbent (starch adsorbent), a starch curing agent (starch dispersing agent), a starch fixing agent (starch dispersing agent), or a starch microfibrillating agent (starch dispersing agent).

The Starch binders of the present invention have the structural characteristics of "Anionic surfactants," and are referred to as Anionic Starch binders (Anionic Starch binding agents) or Anionic Starch complexing agents (Anionic Starch complexing agents). The starch binders generate hydrophobic anions after ionization in water, and charged groups of the starch binders are classified into carboxylates, sulfates, sulfonates, phosphates, phosphites and the like.

(1) Fatty acid/carboxylate of the general structural formula: RCO₂H or RCO₂M, wherein R is aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 4-40 carbons, M is metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine cation. Common fatty acids include stearic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid. Such as sodium stearate (C)₁₈H₃₆CO₂Na)：

(2) Fatty sulfuric acid or salt thereof, the general structural formula is: ROSO₃H or ROSO₃M, wherein R is aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 4-40 carbons, M is metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine cation. Common higher fatty alcohol sulfates are lauryl sulfate (also known as lauryl sulfate), such as Ammonium lauryl sulfate (ADS):

sodium tetradecyl sulfate (Sodium myristyl sulfate, Sodium tetradecylsulfate):

sodium Octadecyl Sulfate (SOS):

(3) fatty sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, having the general structural formula: RSO₃H or RSO₃M, wherein R is aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 4-40 carbons, M is metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine cation.

Such as: ammonium octyl sulfonate (1-Octanesulfonic acid sodium, sodium 1-octanesulfonate):

sodium decyl sulfonate (Sodium 1-decanoesulfonate, 1-decanoesulfonic acid Sodium salt):

also for example, sodium branched alkyl sulfonates having the formula:

for example, POTASSIUM 2-octylsulfonate (POTASSIUM OCTANE-2-SULFONATE) has the following structure:

(4) arylsulfonic acids or salts thereof, such as long chain alkyl-substituted phenylsulfonates, have the general structural formula: r₂C₆H₅SO₃H or R₂C₆H₅SO₃M, in the formula R₂Is aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 4-40 carbon atoms, and M is metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine cation. Such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS):

also for example, sodium branched alkyl benzene sulfonate having the formula:

for example, sodium Dodecyl-5-benzenesulfonate (sodium 4- (5-dodecil) benzanesulfinate) has the structure:

the structural general formula of the long-chain alkoxy substituted phenyl sulfonate is as follows: r₂OC₆H₅SO₃H or R₂OC₆H₅SO₃M, in the formula R₂Is aliphatic hydrocarbyl containing 4-40 carbon atoms, and M is metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine cation. For example, hexadecoxybenzenesulfonic ACID (2-hexadecaloxy-5-sulfonic ACID):

(5) fatty alcohol phosphate or long-chain alkyl substituted aromatic alcohol phosphate, and the structural general formula is as follows: ROP (O) (OM)₂Or (RO)₂P (═ O) (OM) where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 4 to 40 carbons or an aromatic hydrocarbon substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 4 to 40 carbons, and each M is independently H, a metal ion, an ammonium ion, or an organic amine cation. Common phosphates are:

sodium Dodecyl Phosphate (SDP)):

sodium didodecyl phosphate (Sodium didodecylphosphate):

dodecyl phenol disodium phosphate

(6) The fatty phosphite ester has the structural general formula: RP (═ O) (OM)₂Or R (P (═ O) (OM)₂)₂Wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 40 carbons, and each M is independently H, a metal ion, an ammonium ion or an organic amine cation. Common fatty phosphites are:

sodium dodecyl phosphite (Sodium dodecyl phosphite)

(7) Polyoxyethylated anionic starch binders. The polyoxyethylated ionic starch binder is prepared by carrying out esterification reaction on hydroxyl on molecular terminal group of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to prepare an alcohol ether sulfate or alcohol ether phosphate and other anion mixed starch binders.

For example: polyoxyethylene Lauryl sodium sulfate (sodium Lauryl alcohol sulfate)

For example, Nonylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate (Nonylphenol ethoxylate phosphate)

Sodium didodecyl polyoxyethylene phosphate

(8) Polyoxypropylene anionic starch binders. The polyoxypropylene ionic starch binder is prepared by carrying out esterification reaction on hydroxyl on molecular terminal group of fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether and sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to prepare alcohol ether sulfate or alcohol ether phosphate and other non-ionic-anionic mixed starch binders.

For example, Sodium Dodecyl polyoxypropylene ether phosphate (Sodium Dodecyl-poly (propylene oxide) -phosphate (SDP)) has the structural formula:

(9) the other anionic starch binders such as substituted alkyl and the like refer to anionic starch binders with substituted alkyl or other special groups as hydrophobic groups. For example:

perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (heptadecafluorooctane sulfonic acid)

Perfluorooctanoic acid (heptadecafluorooctanoic acid)

1, 2-fluoromethyl-heneicosyl diammonium phosphate:

ammonium bis (1, 2-fluoromethyl-heneicosatridecyl) phosphate:

16-Mercaptohexadecanoic acid (16-Mercapto-hexadecanoic acid)

11-Mercaptoundecyl phosphoric acid (11-Mercaptonecell-phosphoric acid)

Starch. Starch is a polysaccharide of the formula (C)₆H₁₀O₅) n, starch can be regarded as a high polymer of glucose. The starch includes amylose and amylopectin. Amylose contains several hundred glucose units, and amylopectin contains several thousand glucose units; thus, amylose has a relatively small molecular weight, on the order of 50000, and amylopectin has a much higher molecular weight than amylose, on the order of 60000. The composition of plant starch generally consists of 10% to 30% amylose and 70% to 90% amylopectin.

The starch has the characteristic of changing into blue when meeting iodine, which is determined by the structural characteristics of the starch. Amylose dissolved in water is coiled into a helix by means of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. If iodine solution is added, iodine molecules in the iodine solution are inserted into the gaps of the helical structure and are associated with amylose by van der Waals force to form a complex. The complex can uniformly absorb other visible light (the wavelength range is 400-750 nm) except blue light, so that amylose is blue when meeting iodine, amylopectin is purplish red when meeting iodine, and dextrin is blue purple, orange and other colors when meeting iodine.

The starch content of various plants is high, the rice contains 62-86% of starch, the wheat contains 57-75% of starch, the corn contains 65-72% of starch, and the potato contains more than 90% of starch.

Modified Starch (Modified Starch). In order to improve the performance of the starch and expand the application range of the starch, a physical, chemical or enzymatic treatment is utilized to introduce new functional groups on starch molecules or change the size of the starch molecules and the properties of starch particles, so that the natural characteristics (such as gelatinization temperature, hot viscosity and stability thereof, freeze-thaw stability, gel strength, film forming property, transparency and the like) of the starch are changed, and the starch is more suitable for the requirements of certain applications. This starch that has undergone secondary processing to change properties is collectively referred to as destructurized starch. Currently, the classification of destructured starch is generally carried out according to the mode of treatment.

Physical denaturation: pregelatinized (alpha-gelatinized) starch, gamma-ray, ultrahigh-frequency radiation-treated starch, mechanical grinding-treated starch, moist heat-treated starch, etc.

Chemical denaturation: the resulting modified starch is treated with various chemical agents. There are two main categories: one is to lower the molecular weight of starch, such as acid hydrolyzed starch, oxidized starch, baked dextrin, etc.; another class is the increase in molecular weight of starches such as crosslinked starches, esterified starches, etherified starches, grafted starches, and the like.

Enzymatic denaturation (biological modification): various enzymes treat the starch. Such as alpha, beta, gamma-cyclodextrin, maltodextrin, amylose, etc.

Performing composite denaturation: modified starch is obtained by adopting more than two treatment methods. Such as oxidatively crosslinked starch, crosslinked esterified starch, and the like. The modified starch obtained by composite modification has the respective advantages of two modified starches.

In addition, modified starch can be classified according to production process routes, such as dry methods (such as phosphate starch, acid hydrolyzed starch, cationic starch, carboxymethyl starch and the like), wet methods, organic solvent methods (such as carboxyl starch preparation generally adopts ethanol as a solvent), extrusion methods, roller drying methods (such as natural starch or modified starch as a raw material to produce pregelatinized starch), and the like.

Pregelatinized Starch (Pre-gelatinized Starch). Gelatinizing starch: the gelatinization is the effect of starch granules swelling and splitting in water at a proper temperature (the temperature required by starch from various sources is different, generally 60-80 ℃) to form a uniform pasty solution. The essence of gelatinization is that hydrogen bonds between starch molecules in ordered and disordered (crystalline and amorphous) states in starch grains are broken, and the starch grains are dispersed in water to form a colloidal solution.

The process of gelatinization can be divided into three phases: (1) in the reversible water absorption stage, water enters the amorphous part of the starch grains, the volume is slightly expanded, at the moment, the grains can be recovered after cooling and drying, and the birefringence phenomenon is not changed; (2) in the irreversible water absorption stage, along with the rise of temperature, water enters the clearance of the starch microcrystal and absorbs a large amount of water irreversibly, the double refraction phenomenon gradually blurs to disappear, namely crystallization 'dissolution', and starch grains swell to 50-100 times of the original volume; (3) the starch grains are finally disintegrated, and the starch molecules are all put into the solution.

The starch gelatinization method comprises the following steps: there are optical microscopy, electron microscopy, light propagation, viscometry, swelling and solubility measurements, enzyme analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, laser light scattering and the like. Viscometry, swelling and solubility measurements are common in the industry.

Acid-denatured Starch (Acidified Starch). The acid modified starch refers to modified starch obtained by treating natural starch with inorganic acid at a temperature below the gelatinization temperature to change the properties of the natural starch.

Typical conditions for the preparation of acid-denatured starch are: the concentration of the starch milk is 36-40%, the temperature is lower than the gelatinization reaction temperature (35-60 ℃), and the reaction time is 0.5-several hours. When the required viscosity or conversion degree is reached, neutralizing, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the product.

Effect of reaction conditions on acid-denatured starch performance:

1. the temperature reaction temperature is a main factor influencing the performance of the acid-denatured starch, when the temperature is 40-55 ℃, the viscosity changes to the temperature, and the starch is gelatinized when the temperature is raised to 70 ℃. Therefore, the reaction temperature is generally selected to be in the range of 40 to 55 ℃.

2. The kind and amount of the acid are used as catalysts and do not participate in the reaction. Different acids have different catalytic effects, hydrochloric acid is strongest, sulfuric acid and nitric acid are similar, and when the temperature is higher and the acid consumption is larger, the nitric acid modified starch is light yellow due to side reaction, so the nitric acid modified starch is rarely used in actual production. The catalytic action of the acid is related to the amount of acid used, and if the amount of acid is large, the reaction is severe.

3. Starch milk concentration the starch milk concentration should be controlled around 40%.

Esterified Starch (esterified Starch). The esterified starch is modified starch obtained by performing esterification reaction on starch milk and organic acid anhydride (acetic anhydride, succinic anhydride and the like) below gelatinization temperature under certain conditions.

The acetic esterification modified starch is characterized in that acetyl groups are connected to C6 of a glucose unit, the acetyl groups belong to hydrophilic groups, the binding capacity of the starch and water is greatly improved, thereby improving the water swelling degree of the starch granules, reducing the gelatinization temperature, improving the peak viscosity, improving the acetic acid esterification series modified starch protein, having very low fat content, so the flour has white color, natural fluorescence, can effectively improve the color of the flour body, has lower gelatinization temperature than original starch in the flour, the gelatinization is carried out before the original starch in the noodle cake cooking process, the cooking time is shortened, the attachment of oil and the noodle cake can be effectively prevented due to the existence of acetyl and the film forming property of the modified starch on the surface of the noodle, the oil absorption rate is reduced, and the high peak viscosity of the modified starch shows that the starch granules have large water-absorbing expansion degree, thereby being greatly helpful for the rehydration of the instant noodles.

Oxidized Starch (Oxidized Starch). Many chemical oxidants are capable of oxidizing starch, but the most common in industrial production is alkaline hypochlorite.

Cross-linked Starch (Cross-linked Starch). The concept of crosslinked starch is that the alcoholic hydroxyl group of starch and the multifunctional group of the crosslinking agent form a di-ether bond or a di-ester bond, so that two or more starch molecules are bridged together to form a reaction with a multidimensional network structure, which is called a crosslinking reaction.

The crosslinking action refers to the bridging between molecules to form chemical bonds, and strengthens the action of hydrogen bonds between the molecules. When cross-linked starch is heated in water, the hydrogen bonds can be weakened or even broken, whereas the starch granules will remain unchanged to a varying extent due to the presence of chemical bridges.

The most commonly used crosslinking agents in China are: sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, formaldehyde, phosphorus oxychloride and epichlorohydrin.

Resistant Starch (also known as Resistant Starch and indigestible Starch) is not enzymatically hydrolyzed in the small intestine, but is fermented with volatile fatty acids in the human gastrointestinal colon. Resistant starches are present in certain natural foods, such as potato, banana, rice, etc., which contain resistant starches, and in particular high amylose corn starches contain up to 60% resistant starch. This starch is more resistant to degradation than other starches, is digested more slowly in the body, and is absorbed more slowly and enters the blood stream. The product has the property similar to soluble fiber, and has certain slimming effect.

Starch-Iodine Inclusion Complex (Starch-Iodine Inclusion Complex). Amylose is a long helical body formed by the condensation of alpha-glucose molecules, each glucose unit still having hydroxyl groups exposed outside the helix. The iodine molecules act with the hydroxyl groups, so that the iodine molecules are embedded into the axial position of the starch spirochete. This action of iodine and starch is called inclusion action, and the product is called inclusion compound.

In the inclusion compound formed by starch and iodine, each iodine molecule is matched with 6 glucose units, a starch chain is wound into a spiral shape with the diameter of 0.13pm, and the iodine molecule is positioned at the axial center of the spiral.

The color of the inclusion compound formed by starch and iodine is related to the polymerization degree or relative molecular mass of starch. Within a certain polymerization degree or relative molecular mass range, the color of the inclusion compound changes from colorless, orange, light red, purple to blue along with the increase of the polymerization degree or the relative molecular mass. For example, when the polymerization degree of amylose is 200 to 980 or the relative molecular mass range is 32000 to 160000, the color of the inclusion compound is blue. The branched chain starch with a plurality of branches has the average polymerization degree of straight chains on the branches of 20-28, so that the formed inclusion compound is purple. Dextrin has lower polymerization degree, and shows brownish red, light red and the like.

Amylase (Amylase). Amylases are enzymes that act on α -1, 4-glucans such as soluble starch, amylose, and glycogen to hydrolyze α -1, 4-glucosidic bonds. Depending on the type of isomerism of the enzymatic hydrolysate, a distinction is made between alpha-amylases (EC3.2.1.1) and beta-amylases (EC 3.2.1.2).

alpha-Amylase (alpha-Amylase), system name 1, 4-alpha-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase, (1, 4-alpha-D-Glucan-glucanohydrolase). Alpha-amylase can hydrolyze alpha-1, 4-glycosidic bonds in starch, hydrolysis products are dextrin, oligosaccharide and monosaccharide, and after the enzyme acts, the viscosity of gelatinized starch can be rapidly reduced to become liquefied starch, so the starch is also called liquefied amylase, liquefied enzyme and alpha-1, 4-dextrinase.

When the alpha-amylase uses amylose as a substrate, the reaction is generally carried out in two stages. First, amylose is rapidly degraded to produce oligosaccharides, at which stage the viscosity and the ability to color react with iodine of the amylose is rapidly reduced. The second stage is a much slower reaction than the first stage, involving a slow hydrolysis of the oligosaccharides to the final products glucose and maltose. Alpha-amylases, when acted upon by amylopectin, produce glucose, maltose and a series of restricted dextrins (oligosaccharides consisting of 4 or more glucose groups), the latter all containing alpha-1, 6-glycosidic linkages.

The alpha-amylase molecule contains a calcium ion which is combined firmly, the calcium ion does not directly participate in the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex, and the function of the calcium ion is to maintain the structure of the enzyme so that the enzyme has the maximum stability and the highest activity.

High temperature resistant alpha-amylases and meso-amylases can be classified according to the thermostability of the alpha-amylase. Among the thermostable alpha-amylases, enzyme preparations produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus licheniformis have been widely used in food processing. The temperature has different influences on the activities of the two enzymes, the optimum temperature of the bacillus licheniformis-amylase is 92 ℃, the optimum temperature of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens-amylase is only 70%, and the final products of the two enzymes acting on starch are different except for the difference of thermal stability.

Beta-amylase (β -amylase), also known as amylobeta-1, 4-maltosidase (α -1, 4-glucan maltohydrolase), is one of the classes of amylases that can break down amylose into maltose. The only product of β -amylase is maltose, not glucose. Beta-amylase is an exo-amylase which acts on starch by cleaving alternate alpha-1, 4 linkages from the non-reducing end in sequence, the hydrolysis products being all maltose. The amylase is called beta-amylase because the amylase converts the configuration of C1 in a hydrolysate maltose molecule from alpha type to beta type in the hydrolysis process.

Beta-amylase is mainly present in higher plants, particularly in cereals such as barley, wheat, etc., but also in sweet potato, soybean, and in animal bodies. The active center of the beta-amylase contains sulfydryl (-SH), so that certain oxidants, heavy metal ions and sulfydryl reagents can inactivate the beta-amylase, and the reduced glutathione and cysteine have a protection effect on the beta-amylase.

Beta-amylase cannot hydrolyze the alpha-1, 6 bonds of amylopectin and cannot continue hydrolysis across branch points, so that the hydrolysis of amylopectin is incomplete, leaving beta-limit dextrins of macromolecules. When beta-amylase hydrolyzes amylose, if the starch molecule consists of an even number of glucose units, the final hydrolysate is entirely maltose; if the starch molecule consists of an odd number of glucose units, the final hydrolysate will have a small amount of glucose in addition to maltose. Beta-amylase hydrolyzes starch, because macromolecules always exist from the molecular end, the viscosity is slowly reduced and the starch cannot be used as liquefying enzyme, and beta-amylase hydrolyzes starch hydrolysate such as maltodextrin and malto-oligosaccharide, the hydrolysis speed is high, and the starch hydrolysate is used as saccharifying enzyme.

Gamma-amylase (gamma-amylase). Code e.c. 3.2.1.3. The gamma-amylase is an exonuclease, alpha (1 → 4) chain glycosidic bond and alpha (1 → 6) chain glycosidic bond are sequentially cut from the non-reducing end of a starch molecule, glucose residues are cut one by one, and free hemiacetal hydroxyl generated by hydrolysis is subjected to transposition to release beta-glucose. Thus, the final product is glucose, whether it acts on amylose or amylopectin. Therefore, it is also called glucoamylase, glucoamylase.

Isoamylase (isoamyylase). Code e.c. 3.2.1.33. Isoamylase hydrolyzes alpha-1, 6-glycosidic bond of amylopectin or glycogen, hydrolyzes only-1, 6 glycosidic chain of glycogen or amylopectin branch point, cuts off whole side branch, and forms amylose with different length. Thus, isoamylases are also known as starch-1, 6-glucosidases. Isoamylase is produced by animals, plants and microorganisms. The source is different, and the name is different, such as: debranching enzyme, Q enzyme, R enzyme, pullulanase, and the like.

Cyclodextrin Glucosyltransferase (CGT). Cyclodextrins (often abbreviated as CD) are a generic term for cyclic compounds formed from starch or polysaccharides by the action of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases, consisting of D-glucopyranose units joined end-to-end by alpha-1, 4-glycosidic bonds, usually from 6 to 12D-glucopyranose units, so that, depending on the number of glucose units in the ring, molecules with 6, 7 and 8 glucose units are common, called alpha-, beta-and gamma-Cyclodextrins, respectively. Cyclodextrin glucosyltransferases are most important in their ability to catalyze the formation of cyclodextrins from linear starch oligosaccharide chains. The CGT cyclization reaction is a special form of transglycosidation, which uses the non-reducing end of the donor chain as an acceptor, resulting in the formation of the cyclized product.

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). COD is defined by taking the amount of oxidant consumed by oxidizing reducing substances in 1 liter of water sample as an index under a certain condition, and converting the amount into milligrams of oxygen required after each liter of water sample is completely oxidized, wherein the milligrams of oxygen are expressed in mg/L (ppm). It reflects the degree of pollution of reducing substances in water, and is an important organic pollution parameter which can be quickly measured as one of the comprehensive indexes of the relative content of organic matters. Therefore, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is often used as an index to measure the content of organic substances in water. The larger the chemical oxygen demand, the more serious the water body is polluted by organic matters.

The measurement of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) varies with the measurement of reducing substances in a water sample and the measurement method. The most common methods used at present are the acid potassium permanganate oxidation method and the potassium dichromate oxidation method. Potassium permanganate (KMnO)₄) The method has low oxidation rate, is simple and convenient, and can adopt potassium dichromate (K) when the relative value of the content of organic matters in a water sample is large₂Cr₂O₇) The method has high oxidation rate and good reproducibility, and is suitable for measuring waterTotal amount of organic matter in the sample.

The experimental materials, experimental equipment and general experimental methods used in the following examples are as follows.

Experimental materials:

starch complexing agent: tables 1-3 list the details of the starch complexing agent materials tested in the present invention, including the names in chinese and english, chemical structural formulas and material numbers. All starch complexing agents are commercially available products, and the purity of the effective components ranges from reagent pure to pharmaceutical pure. In all examples, all starch complexing agents were used as received (as-is) without further purification.

TABLE 1 saturated fatty acids

TABLE 2 unsaturated fatty acids

TABLE 3 typical anionic starch complexing Agents

Note: in the table, a39n ═ 2, a46n ═ 3, a47n ═ 5, a48n ═ 3, a50n ═ 5

Starch retention synergist: table 4 lists details of the starch retention potentiators used in the examples below, including english and chinese designations, cas, and molecular formulas. All synergists are commercially available products, and their effective composition ranges in purity from reagent pure to pharmaceutical pure. In all examples, all synergists were used as received (as-is) without further purification.

TABLE 4 starch Retention potentiators

Fiber retention aid: table 5 lists details of the fiber retention agents used in the examples below, including names in english and chinese, molecular formulas and molecular weights. The starch retention synergist and the fiber retention aid listed in the invention are cationic polymers, nonionic polymers or zwitterionic polymers which have an effect of promoting the retention of modified starch on fibers, and belong to the category of the synergist disclosed by the invention. All fiber retention aids are commercially available products with effective compositions ranging in purity from reagent pure to pharmaceutical pure. In all examples, all fiber retention agents were used as received as sold (as-is) without further purification.

TABLE 5 fiber Retention aid

The starch is corn starch which is 'XingMao' edible corn starch and purchased from the YongMao corn development Limited company of Zhucheng; cassava starch, wheat starch and sweet potato starch are purchased from Shenzhen zero one biotechnology Limited.

Bleaching chemical pulp was obtained from Dongguan white swan paper industry Co., Ltd (BKP).

Unbleached chemical pulp: the unbleached chemical pulp is imported North American native coniferous chemical pulp (UKP) from Zhejiang Rongcheng paper industry Co.

OCC waste paper: the base paper is corrugated paper produced by using 100% of OCC national waste, and the surface sizing amount of starch is about 40-60kg/T paper.

The test instrument:

standard fiber disintegrator type CBJ-a: changchun City Yueming mini tester, Inc.

CPO1A-3A sheet former: integree precise instruments, Inc. of Dongguan city.

BS-30KA electronic balance: shanghai friend Sound Scale, Inc.

COD digestion instrument: XJ-III COD TPTN digestion device produced by Shaoguan Mingtian environmental protection instruments Limited.

Uv-visible spectrophotometer: UVmini-1240 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, manufactured by Shimadzu instruments, Japan.

DHG-9070A electric heating constant-temperature air-blast drying oven: shanghai Qixin scientific instruments Co., Ltd

TDL-80-2B: shanghai an Ting scientific instruments factory.

Test method

Preparing standard iodine solution: 11g of iodine and 22g of potassium iodide are weighed, the iodine is completely dissolved by a small amount of distilled water, and finally the volume is determined to be 500ml, and the solution is stored in a brown bottle.

Preparing a dilute iodine solution: weighing 10g of potassium iodide, dissolving with a small amount of water, sucking 2ml of concentrated iodine solution, fixing the volume to a 100ml volumetric flask with distilled water, and storing in a brown bottle.

Preparing an original starch solution: (1) preparing a 7% starch solution by taking a starch sample; (2) heating the starch solution to 95 ℃ (DEG C), and reacting until the viscosity is stable; (3) cooling to 65 ℃, and keeping the starch solution in a constant-temperature water bath for later use. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all starch samples were native starch, and the 7% "standard starch solution" was prepared in this manner.

Preparing oxidized starch solution, namely putting 465g of deionized water into a magnetic water bath kettle at the temperature of 97 ℃, slowly adding 35g of starch, then adding 0.14g of ammonium persulfate (namely equivalent to 0.4%), boiling for 40 minutes, then cooling to 65 ℃, keeping the starch solution at the temperature of 60 ℃, preparing 7 percent of standard starch solution (the viscosity of the standard starch solution is about 30 mPa.s), and storing for later use.

Preparing chemical slurry: taking a certain amount of bleached or unbleached chemical pulp board, tearing the bleached or unbleached chemical pulp board into small blocks, weighing 300g of small blocks of pulp, adding 45 ℃ warm water to 2307g, enabling the pulp concentration to be 13%, soaking for a plurality of minutes, pouring the pulp into a PL12-00 type high-concentration hydrapulper, pulping for 15 minutes, and then wringing out water and storing for later use.

Preparing OCC waste paper pulp and white water: taking 300g of waste paper, tearing the waste paper into small pieces, adding tap water to dilute the waste paper to a concentration of 13%, soaking for 5-10min, pouring the waste paper into a PL12-00 type high-concentration hydrapulper, pulping for 15min, taking out the crushed pulp, and adding tap water to dilute the pulp to a concentration of 3%; then separating white water and pulp by using a filter bag to prepare OCCWaste paper pulpWhite water and OCCWaste paperAnd storing the paper pulp for later use respectively.

Preparing a starch complexing agent solution: firstly, preparing 5% ethanol solution by using high-purity ethanol and purified water, and then dissolving the starch complexing agents listed in tables 1-3 in the prepared 5% ethanol solution, wherein the concentration of the starch complexing agents is between 0.05 and 0.5% (wt.) according to the structure.

Starch retention builders and fiber retention aids are commercial products and are formulated at a concentration of 0.01% (wt.) prior to each use.

Starch complex reaction: (1) taking 500mL of the prepared starch solution or starch-containing OCC waste paper pulp white water, placing the starch solution or starch-containing OCC waste paper pulp white water into a constant-temperature water bath (the reaction temperature is set according to needs), stirring at a constant speed to reach balance, and adjusting the pH value of the solution according to needs; (2) adding a starch complexing agent according to the designed dosage, carrying out reaction, taking the solution when the reaction time reaches 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 90 or 120 minutes, placing the solution in a 30mL test tube, then carrying out centrifugal separation (x4000g.5 minutes), and finally taking the supernatant to analyze the concentration of the starch or COD.

Adsorption/retention test of starch on pulp fibers: (1) taking 800mL of the prepared starch solution or starch-containing OCC waste paper pulp white water, placing the starch solution or starch-containing OCC waste paper pulp white water into a constant-temperature water bath (the reaction temperature is set according to needs), stirring at a constant speed to reach balance, and adjusting the pH value of the solution according to needs; (2) adding a starch complexing agent according to the designed using amount, reacting, taking the solution when 30, 60 or 120 minutes is reached, and placing the solution in a 30mL test tube; (3) adding chemical pulp or OCC pulp according to the required pulp concentration, and stirring for adsorption reaction; (4) when the reaction time reaches 10, 30, 60 or 120 minutes, taking the slurry and placing the slurry in a 30mL test tube; (5) all the solutions taken were analyzed by centrifugation (x4000g.5 min) and the supernatants were analyzed for starch or COD concentration.

The test procedure of chemical pulp papermaking: (1) taking 300g of bleached or unbleached chemical pulp, tearing the bleached or unbleached chemical pulp into small pieces, adding tap water to dilute the chemical pulp to 13% of concentration, soaking the small pieces for 5-10min, pouring the small pieces into a PL12-00 type high-concentration hydrapulper, pulping the pulp for 15min, taking out the crushed pulp, and storing the crushed pulp for later use; (2) taking 800g of the prepared starch solution or OCC waste paper pulp white water, adding a test reagent (starch complexing agent) for reacting for 30 min; (3) after reacting for 30min, adding the synergist, stirring and reacting for 2-3min, adding the chemical pulp, and stirring and reacting for 10 min; (4) placing the slurry in a 30mL test tube, and after centrifugal treatment, testing the starch concentration and COD content of the supernatant; (5) immediately pouring the residual slurry into a fiber standard dissociator for defibering for 1500r, adding water for diluting to 0.5% after defibering, and weighing 640g of the slurry with the concentration of 0.5% and papermaking by using a paper former (the paper ration is about 100 g); (6) after paper making, the paper sample is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the moisture of 50 percent for balancing for 16 hours, and then the physical properties of the paper and the starch content of the finished paper are tested.

The testing steps of white water separation and respective treatment of OCC waste paper and papermaking are as follows: (1) taking 300g of OCC waste paper, tearing the OCC waste paper into small pieces, adding tap water to dilute the OCC waste paper to a concentration of 13%, soaking for 5-10min, pouring the OCC waste paper into a PL12-00 type high-concentration hydrapulper, pulping for 15min, taking out the crushed pulp, adding tap water to dilute the crushed pulp to a concentration of 3%, separating white water and the pulp by using a filter bag, and respectively storing the white water and the pulp for later use; (2) taking 800g of the prepared white water, adding a test reagent (starch complexing agent) to react for 30 min; (3) after reacting for 30min, adding the synergist, stirring and reacting for 2-3min, adding the OCC slurry prepared above, and stirring and reacting for 10 min; (4) placing the slurry in a 30mL test tube, and testing the starch concentration and the COD content of the supernatant after centrifugal treatment; (5) immediately pouring the residual slurry into a fiber standard dissociator for defibering 1500r, adding water for diluting to 0.5% after defibering, and weighing 730g of the slurry with the concentration of 0.5% to make paper by using a paper former (the paper ration is about 100 g); (6) after paper making, the paper sample is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the moisture of 50 percent for balancing for 16 hours, and then the physical properties of the paper and the starch content of the finished paper are tested.

The primary pulp papermaking experiment of OCC waste paper comprises the following steps: (1) taking 300g of waste paper, tearing the waste paper into small pieces, adding tap water to dilute the waste paper to a concentration of 13%, soaking for 5-10min, pouring the waste paper into a PL12-00 type high-concentration hydrapulper, pulping for 15min, taking out the crushed pulp, adding tap water to dilute the pulp to a concentration of 3%, and storing for later use; (2) taking 800g of the 3% OCC raw stock, adding a test reagent (starch complexing agent) to react for 30 min; (3) after reacting for 30min, adding the synergist, stirring and reacting for 10 min; (4) placing the slurry in a 30mL test tube, and testing the starch concentration and the COD content of the supernatant after centrifugal treatment; (5) immediately pouring the residual slurry into a fiber standard dissociator for defibering 1500r, adding water for diluting to 0.5% after defibering, and weighing 730g of the slurry with the concentration of 0.5% to make paper by using a paper former (the paper ration is about 100 g); (6) after paper making, the paper sample is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the moisture of 50 percent for balancing for 16 hours, and then the physical properties of the paper and the starch content of the finished paper are tested.

The iodine chromogenic starch test method comprises the following steps: taking 0.5ml of centrifuged sample, adding 4ml of diluted iodine solution, measuring absorbance at 600nm, and determining the starch concentration according to the absorbance concentration scale line.

And (3) testing the COD content by a digestion method: accurately transferring 3.00mL of a sample to be detected into a digestion tube, accurately adding 1.00mL of a masking agent (1.00 mL of 10% sulfuric acid is added to a water sample without chloride ions), then adding 3.00mL of a digestive juice and 5.00mL of a catalyst, screwing a sealing cover (the water sample without chloride ions and low-boiling point organic matters can be tested by opening the tube, and the method is the same), and sequentially putting the digestion tube into a digestion device at the temperature of 160 ℃ for digestion for 25 minutes. After the digestion process is finished and the digestion tubes are cooled, the digestion tubes are taken out in sequence, and the COD value is measured by a colorimetric method.

The method for testing the starch content of the finished paper comprises the following steps: (1) taking a paper sample, placing the paper sample in a drying oven for drying for 15min, crushing the paper sample by using a plant micro crusher after drying, and then placing the crushed paper sample in the drying oven for drying for 15 min; (2) placing 1g of the dried pulverized paper pattern in a 100ml beaker, adding 70-80ml of boiled water, and placing in a 100 ℃ constant temperature water bath kettle for 40 min; (3) after 40min, the supernatant was taken out, water was added to 100g, and the starch content of the supernatant was measured after taking the slurry and centrifuging.

The starch reduction amount (also called starch precipitation amount, or starch retention amount) refers to the difference between the starch concentration (St) in a starch solution and the initial starch concentration (So) after the starch solution reacts with a starch complexing agent, i.e. the starch retention amount (So-St (mg/L)).

Starch retention (also called starch deposition rate) is the percentage of starch retention in the total amount of the original starch, i.e. the percentage of starch retention

Starch retention (%) (So-St)/So X100

The COD degradation amount (also called COD deposition amount) refers to the difference between the COD concentration (COD1) in the solution and the initial COD concentration (CODo) after the starch solution reacts with the starch complexing agent, namely

COD degradation amount-CODo-COD 1(mg/L)

The COD reduction rate (also called COD deposition rate) is the percentage of starch retention in the total amount of the initial starch, i.e.

COD reduction rate (%) - (CODo-COD1)/CODo × 100.

Example 1 Effect of the Structure of the hydrophobic groups in starch Binders on the reaction of the Binder with starch

This example tests the reaction of starch binders of different structures with native starch (only cooked, not modified).

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing a 7% 'standard starch solution' by taking a corn starch sample; (2) taking a proper amount of standard starch solution, adding deionized water and diluting until the concentration of starch is 1600 mg/L; (3) taking 500mL of the prepared starch solution with the concentration, placing the starch solution into a beaker, and placing the beaker into a preset constant-temperature water bath at 45 ℃; (4) according to the concentration of the prepared starch complexing agent, 3-30mg/L of the starch complexing agent is added, so that the weight ratio of the starch: the weight ratio of the complexing agent is 50: 1, then reacting for 30 minutes to obtain a modified starch solution; (5) sampling and centrifuging (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and taking supernatant to test the starch content and COD concentration (see the result in the reduction rate of the dissolved starch in the table 6); (6) adding bleached hardwood chemical pulp (eucalyptus, BKP) (weight ratio of anionic starch complexing agent to BKP dry weight is 1.2kg/T) into the residual modified starch solution according to pulp solid concentration of 2.5%, and keeping stirring; (7) reacting for 10 minutes, taking the slurry, centrifuging (4000x g) for 5 minutes, taking the supernatant to test the starch concentration and the COD concentration in the white water, and obtaining the starch retention rate of the starch-free retention synergist; (8) and adding a starch retention synergist Y2 (the dosage is 6mg/L, and 0.24kg/T absolute dry pulp) into the reacted pulp, reacting for 5 minutes, taking the pulp, centrifuging (4000x g) for 5 minutes, taking supernate, testing the starch concentration and the COD concentration in the white water, and obtaining the starch retention rate of the added starch retention synergist.

The test results are shown in table 6.

TABLE 6 influence of the Structure of anionic starch Binders on starch Retention

The data in table 6 show that the reaction strength of the starch complexing agent with starch is directly related to the structure of the starch complexing agent (hydrophobic group structure and hydrophilic group structure) using starch retention as a parameter. For the same anionic starch complexing agent, the reaction strength (i.e. starch retention) of the complexing agent with starch increases with increasing carbon chain, is higher at carbon chain lengths of 11-26, and then remains or decreases with increasing carbon chain length. The structure of the hydrophilic group is more complex to influence the reaction of the complexing agent with starch, but for starch complexing agents of the same hydrophobic group, it is essentially influenced by the electrovalence of the anion, with the most intense of the higher-valent phosphoric and phosphorous acids, the most weak of the sulfuric and sulfonic acids, and the weakest of the carboxylic acids.

Since the surface of the fiber is negatively charged, the starch modified by anions can be more effectively attached to the fiber after adding a cation retention agent (starch retention synergist). Table 6 shows that after the starch retention enhancing agent was added, the concentration of the dissolved starch in the whitewater was greatly reduced, the retention of the starch in the fibers was significantly increased, and the corresponding COD removal rate was substantially identical to the starch retention rate, indicating that the dissolved starch was effectively retained on the fibers after being modified with the anionic starch complexing agent.

Example 2 Effect of reaction time on starch binding reaction

This example examines the effect of the time of reaction of the starch binder with the starch on the modified starch.

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing a 7% 'standard starch solution' by taking a corn starch sample; (2) taking a proper amount of standard starch solution, adding deionized water and diluting until the concentration of starch is 1800mg/L (or other required concentrations); (3) taking 500mL of starch solution or OCC white water with the prepared concentration, placing the starch solution or OCC white water in a beaker, placing the beaker in a constant-temperature water bath at 45 ℃, and balancing to a specified temperature; (4) 30mg/L of starch binding agent is added according to the requirement, when the reaction reaches 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes, a sample is taken and centrifuged (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and the supernatant is taken to test the starch content and the COD concentration.

This example tested a number of anionic starch complexing agents that exhibited substantially consistent trends in reaction time, with a summary of the test results for 4 representative anionic starch complexing agents shown in figure 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the reaction of the anionic starch complexing agent with the starch is extremely rapid, having ended within substantially 10 minutes. The reaction strength (i.e. starch retention) of the different starch complexing agents with starch is in accordance with the experimental results of example 1, i.e. the longer the hydrophobic chain of the starch complexing agent, the higher the starch retention effect after reaction with starch.

Example 3 Effect of reaction temperature on starch binding reaction and on adsorption Effect of modified starch

This example investigates the influence of the reaction temperature on the reaction of a starch binder with starch and on the properties of the modified starch (reaction product)

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing a 7% standard starch solution by taking a corn starch sample; (2) taking a proper amount of standard starch solution, adding deionized water and diluting until the concentration of starch is 600 mg/L; (3) taking 500mL of starch solution with the prepared concentration, placing the starch solution into a beaker, placing the beaker into a constant-temperature water bath with the preset required test temperature, and balancing the starch solution to the specified temperature; (4) adding 30mg/L of anionic starch complexing agent A6 according to the test requirement, and reacting for 60 minutes to obtain modified starch solution; (5) sampling, centrifuging (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and taking supernatant to test the starch content and COD concentration; (6) adding bleached broad-leaved chemical pulp (BKP) (the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dried weight of the BKP is 1.2kg/T) to the residual modified starch solution according to the pulp solid concentration of 2.5 percent, stirring for 3 minutes, adding a starch retention synergist Y2 (the dosage is 1000g/T of oven dry pulp), and keeping stirring; (7) after 10 minutes of reaction, the slurry was centrifuged (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was tested for starch concentration and COD concentration in the white water.

Figure 2 shows the effect of the reaction of anionic starch complexing agent a6 with starch on the retention of starch in chemical pulp at different temperatures. It can be seen that the adsorption of starch on the pulp surface decreases with increasing temperature under blank conditions. After addition of the anionic starch complexing agent, the dissolved starch concentration drops substantially and decreases further with increasing temperature, i.e. the starch retention increases with increasing temperature. After addition of the retention agent Y2, the starch retention rate was further significantly increased and the temperature had substantially no effect on the starch retention rate. The result of the dissolved COD test shows that after the modified by the anionic starch binding agent, the dissolved COD is remarkably reduced, and the removal rate of the COD is basically not influenced by the increased temperature.

Example 4 Effect of reaction pH on the reaction of starch Binders with starch and on the adsorption Effect of modified starch

This example examines the effect of solution pH on the reaction of the starch binder with starch and the properties of the modified starch (reaction product).

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing a 7% 'standard starch solution' by taking a corn starch sample; (2) taking a proper amount of standard starch solution, adding deionized water and diluting until the concentration of starch is 600 mg/L; (3) 500mL of the prepared starch solution with the concentration is taken and placed in a beaker, and is placed in a preset constant-temperature water bath at 45 ℃, and the pH value of the starch solution is adjusted by adding hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide; (4) adding 30mg/L of anionic starch complexing agent, and reacting for 60 minutes to obtain modified starch solution; (5) sampling, centrifuging (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and taking supernatant to test the starch content and COD concentration; (6) adding chemical pulp (BKP) (the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the BKP is 1.2kg/T) according to the pulp solid concentration of 2.5 percent into the residual modified starch solution, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding synergist Y2(1000g/T absolute dry pulp); (7) the reaction was then carried out for 10 minutes, the slurry was centrifuged (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was tested for starch concentration and COD concentration in the white water.

The effect of different reaction pH on starch retention is shown in fig. 3 and 4. Figure 3 shows the results of the reaction of anionic starch complexing agent a38 with starch at different pH and starch retention in chemical pulp fibers. It can be seen that complexing agent a38 reacts with starch substantially independently of pH. FIG. 4 shows the effect of the reaction of anionic starch complexing agent A6 with starch at different reaction pH, showing that at lower pH, starch retention is lower; starch retention increases with increasing pH, indicating that increasing pH favors the reaction of the anionic starch binder with starch.

Example 5 Effect of starch Retention potentiators on the Retention of anionic starch Binder modified starch on fiber

This example investigates the effect of starch retention enhancers (especially cationic polymers) on the retention of anionic starch binder modified starch in fiber.

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing a 7% 'standard starch solution' by taking a corn starch sample; (2) taking a proper amount of standard starch solution, adding deionized water and diluting until the concentration of starch is 600 mg/L; (3) taking 500mL of starch solution with the prepared concentration, placing the starch solution into a beaker, placing the beaker into a preset constant-temperature water bath at 45 ℃, and adjusting the pH value of the starch solution to 8-9 by adding hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide; (4) adding 30mg/L of anionic starch complexing agent, and reacting for 60 minutes to obtain modified starch solution; (5) sampling, centrifuging (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and taking supernatant to test the starch content and COD concentration; (6) adding chemical pulp (BKP) (the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the BKP dry weight is 1.2kg/T) into the residual modified starch solution according to the pulp solid concentration of 2.5 percent, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding 1000g/T (oven dry pulp) starch retention synergist; (7) the reaction was then carried out for 10 minutes, the slurry was centrifuged (4000x g) for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was tested for starch concentration and COD concentration in the white water.

The results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. As can be seen from a comparison of the four different conditions (i.e. starch alone, starch + cationic starch retention potentiator Y4, starch + starch binder (a26), and starch + a26+ Y4), the starch, which is not modified by a starch binder, has a very low retention of starch on the fibers, whether used alone or in combination with a cationic starch retention potentiator; the starch modified by the anionic starch complexing agent is used alone, and the retention on the fiber surface is twice as high as that of unmodified starch, and reaches 40 percent. When the anionic starch complexing agent and the cationic starch retention synergist are used in combination, the retention rate of starch in the fiber is improved from 40% to 78%, and the retention rate is increased by nearly one time and is three times of that of unmodified starch. The tendency of the white water COD removal rate and the starch retention rate is consistent, namely the higher the starch retention rate is, the higher the COD removal rate is.

Example 6 Effect of papermaking Retention and drainage aid (fiber Retention agent) on the Retention of anionic starch Binder modified starch on fibers

This example examined the effect of the use of conventional papermaking retention and drainage aids, alone or in combination with cationic polymers, on the retention of anionic starch binder modified starch in fibers.

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing starch: boiling the corn starch solution in a water bath at 95 ℃ for 60 minutes to prepare a 7 percent standard starch solution, cooling to 60 ℃, and preserving heat for later use; (2) preparing slurry: weighing 400g of bleached broadleaf chemical pulp (BKP), adding water at 55 ℃ to 3077g (13% concentration), soaking for 60 minutes, pouring the pulp into a pulper, and pulping for 20 minutes; weighing 200g of absolutely dry pulp, pouring into a horizontal (Wally) beater, adding water to dilute to 23L, untwining for 3 minutes without adding weight, adding 5kg of weight, and beating for 2 minutes until the beating degree is about 30 DEG SR; wringing out the pulped pulp, dispersing, and testing the pulp concentration to 29%; taking the slurry according to the required slurry amount, adding water to dilute the slurry to 3 percent, pouring the diluted slurry into a fluffer, and fluffing for 3 minutes without increasing the weight for standby application; (3) preparation of the medicine: preparing a starch binding agent, a high polymer and a retention and drainage aid into 1% solution by using deionized water respectively for later use; (4) modification reaction of starch and reaction of modified starch with slurry: weighing 120g of 7% starch solution prepared in the step (1), adding deionized water to dilute by 200 times, namely the concentration of starch is 350mg/L, and reacting with 1% starch binding agent solution prepared in the step (3) for 30 minutes (the mass ratio of starch to binding agent is 50: 1) to obtain modified starch; meanwhile, 3 percent of the slurry prepared in the step (2) is put into a water bath at the temperature of 45 ℃ to be stirred for 30 minutes; pouring the modified starch solution into the slurry, and continuously stirring for 3 min; adding the 1% high polymer solution prepared in the step (3) according to the experiment requirement, continuously stirring for 7min, sampling after the reaction is finished, and performing centrifugal test to obtain the concentration of the reacted starch and COD; (5) addition of dry strength agent (cationic polyacrylamide, CPAM)/reinforcing agent (modified polyacrylamide, GPAM)/retention and drainage aid: according to the required experimental conditions, moving the reacted slurry to a boosting stirrer, controlling the rotating speed to be 6 grades, adding a reinforcing agent (GPAM), and stirring for 30 seconds; adding a dry strength agent (CPAM) and continuously stirring for 30 seconds; finally adding a retention and drainage aid, stirring for 10 seconds, preparing final slurry after the reaction is finished, and sampling and centrifugally testing starch and COD; (6) sheet making: pouring the slurry reacted in the step (4) or the step (5) into a fluffer, adding water to dilute the slurry until the line is marked, fluffing for 30 seconds, diluting the fluffed slurry to 0.5 percent, and weighing 750g of diluted slurry for sheet making; all sheets were pressed at 0.4MPa for 5 minutes and then dried in a sheet machine for 5 minutes. And (3) placing the paper sample in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the moisture of 50% for balancing for 16h, then testing the physical properties of the paper and the starch content of the finished paper, and completing sheet making and testing according to a TAPPI standard method.

The results of the experiment are shown in Table 7. The starch modified by the starch binder A36 can be effectively retained on the fiber and greatly improve the physical strength of the paper no matter the cationic high polymer (medium-high molecular weight) in the table 4 is used as a starch retention synergist or the high polymer retention and drainage aid (fiber retention agent) with large molecular weight (>1,000,0000) in the table 5 is used. Wherein, the high polymer Y4 taking polyvinylamine as a monomer and the nonionic polyacrylamide Z1 have strong-strong synergistic effect on starch modified by an anionic starch binder A36, and the improvement on the physical strength of paper is most obvious.

TABLE 7 Effect of different structural polymers on modified starch Retention and paper indexing

Example 7 starch adsorption after modification of starch binders by different pulps and comparison of the same for paper strength improvement

In the embodiment, the content of starch in paper and the physical strength index of paper are measured, so that the dissolved starch is effectively retained on the fiber after being modified by the starch binder, and the physical index of paper is effectively improved.

In this example, according to the production process conditions of a paper mill of Dongguan, Guangdong province, pulp was taken directly from the on-site production pulping process, and the effect of starch modified by starch binder on starch retention and paper strength index was simulated on site in the laboratory of the mill.

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing starch: boiling the corn starch solution in a water bath at 95 ℃ for 60 minutes to prepare a 7% standard starch solution, cooling to 60 ℃ and preserving heat for later use; (2) preparing beautiful waste OCC slurry: from the PM3 pulp mill, pulp of long fibers (concentration 7.6%), medium fibers (concentration 7.06%), and short fibers (concentration 8.03%) is taken, and white water is added as required to dilute the pulp to 3%; (3) preparation of the medicine: preparing A38 and Y4 into 1% solution by deionized water; (4) reaction: treating slurry and starch solution: weighing 120g of 7% starch solution prepared in the step (1), adding deionized water to dilute the solution by 20 times to 0.35%, namely the concentration of the starch is 3500mg/L, and reacting the solution with 1% A38 solution prepared in the step (3) for 30 minutes to obtain A38 modified starch solution; meanwhile, 3 percent of the slurry prepared in the step (2) is put into a water bath at the temperature of 45 ℃ to be stirred for 30 minutes; pouring the A38 modified starch solution into the slurry, continuously stirring for 3min, adding the 1% Y4 solution prepared in the step (3), and continuously stirring for 7 min; sampling and carrying out centrifugal test after the reaction is finished to obtain the concentration of the reacted starch and COD; (5) sheet making: pouring the slurry reacted in the step (4) into a fluffer, adding water to dilute the slurry until the slurry is scribed, fluffing the slurry for 30 seconds, diluting the fluffed slurry to 0.5 percent, weighing 750g of the diluted slurry and making sheets; all sheets were pressed at 0.4MPa for 5 minutes and then dried in a sheet machine for 5 minutes. Both sheet making and testing were done according to TAPPI standard methods.

The test results are summarized in table 8. It can be seen that the pulp (AOCC) of different waste OCC has certain difference on the adsorption of starch modified by starch complexing agent, but the trend is consistent. The OCC pulp has a reduced retention of the modified starch tested (other pulps, such as bleached chemical pulps, can have retention of 90% or more under the same conditions) compared to other pulps, mainly because the OCC pulp itself contains a large amount of starch, part of the fiber surface is already covered with starch, and the starch itself is dissolved and desorbed into the solution, increasing the total starch concentration in the system (i.e., higher than the initial starch concentration of the other pulps), and thus the actual retention is also high.

TABLE 8 Effect of different cosmetic waste OCC pulp types on the retention of modified starch

Example 8 Effect of starch Binder modified starch and Dry Strength Agents in combination on paper Strength improvement

In the embodiment, by measuring the starch content of the paper and the physical strength index of the paper, the dissolved starch is effectively retained on the fiber after being modified by the starch binder, and the physical index of the paper can be further improved under the condition that the traditional dry strength agent reaches the limit.

The experiment directly takes paper pulp from the field production pulping process according to the production process conditions of a certain paper mill of Dongguan in Guangdong province, and the laboratory of the paper mill simulates the influence of starch binding agent modified starch on starch retention and paper strength indexes on the field. It is worth emphasizing that the paper strength has been maximized by the fact that the mill now uses 40kg/T dry strength agent and 10kg/T strength agent, even with further increase in the amount, the strength is no longer increased. The plant has also tried various other dry strength agent/strength agent combinations in recent years, all of which are less effective than the current combinations.

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing starch: boiling the corn starch solution in a water bath at 95 ℃ for 60 minutes to prepare a 7 percent standard starch solution, cooling to 60 ℃, and preserving heat for later use; (2) preparing slurry: weighing 400g of waste liquor, adding water at 55 ℃ to 3077g (13% concentration), soaking for 60 minutes, pouring the soaked waste liquor into a pulper, and pulping for 20 minutes; weighing 200g of absolutely dry pulp, pouring into a horizontal (Wally) beater, adding water to dilute to 23L, untwining for 3 minutes without adding weight, adding 5kg of weight, and beating for 2 minutes until the beating degree is about 30 DEG SR; wringing out the pulped pulp, dispersing, and testing the pulp concentration to 29%; taking the slurry according to the required slurry amount, adding water to dilute the slurry to 3 percent, pouring the diluted slurry into a fluffer, and fluffing for 3 minutes without increasing the weight for standby application; (3) preparation of the medicine: preparing A38 and Y4 into 1% solutions by using deionized water respectively; (4) modification reaction of starch and reaction of modified starch with slurry: weighing 120g of 7% starch solution prepared in the step (1), adding deionized water to dilute by 50 times, namely the concentration of the starch is 1400mg/L, and reacting with the 1% A38 solution prepared in the step (3) for 30 minutes to obtain A38 modified starch; meanwhile, 3 percent of the slurry prepared in the step (2) is put into a water bath at the temperature of 45 ℃ to be stirred for 30 minutes; pouring the A38 modified starch solution into the slurry, continuously stirring for 3min, adding the 1% Y4 solution prepared in the step (3), continuously stirring for 7min, sampling after the reaction is finished, and performing centrifugal test to obtain the concentration of the reacted starch and COD; (5) dry strength agent (cationic polyacrylamide, CPAM)/reinforcing agent (modified polyacrylamide, GPAM/addition of retention and drainage aid: transferring the reacted slurry to a boosting stirrer according to required experimental conditions, controlling the rotating speed to be 6 grades, adding a reinforcing agent (GPAM), stirring for 30 seconds, then adding a dry strength agent (CPAM) and continuing stirring for 30 seconds, finally adding a retention and drainage agent (Z3+ Z6), stirring for 10 seconds, preparing final slurry after the reaction is finished, sampling and centrifugally testing starch and COD (6) sheet making: pouring the slurry reacted in the step (5) into a fluffer, adding water to dilute the slurry until the slurry is scribed, then defibering for 30 seconds, diluting the defibered slurry to 0.5%, and weighing 750g of diluted slurry for sheet making; all sheets were pressed at 0.4MPa for 5 minutes and then dried in a sheet machine for 5 minutes.

The test results are shown in table 10. It can be seen that the existing dry strength agent/reinforcing agent combination in the factory has a very significant effect on improving the strength of paper, and the tensile index, interlayer bonding force and burst index of paper are respectively increased by 24%, 53% and 35% compared with blank conditions. Further addition of corn starch (25kg/T) resulted in only a slight increase in paper strength. However, when starch is used together with a starch binder, the strength of paper is greatly improved, for example, when starch (25kg/T) is modified by A38 of 0.25kg/T and then added into paper pulp, the strength index of all paper is improved by more than 15 percent; when the amount of A38 was increased to 1kg/T, 70% of the added starch remained in the paper, and the corresponding tensile index, interlaminar bonding force and burst index were increased by 24%, 40% and 29%, respectively, over the comparative conditions. As mentioned above, the effect was not achieved in the past decade of the industry's attempts at various combinations of dry strength agents and reinforcing agents, and it is known that it is extremely difficult to increase the burst index of paper by 0.2 by further addition of other reinforcing agents after the "maximum" value is reached by conventional dry strength agent/reinforcing agent combinations. While the burst index increased from 3.1 to 4.0, which is 0.90 higher, using a38 modified starch, this is a good indication of the high efficiency of the process of the invention.

Table 9 experimental conditions for the use of a starch complexing agent a38 modified starch in combination with a dry strength agent/enhancing agent

Table 10 effect of starch complexing agent a38 on paper strength of modified starch and dry strength agent/strength agent combination

Example 9 Effect of starch Binder modified starch on improving paper fold resistance index

In the embodiment, the starch content of the paper and the physical strength index of the paper are measured, and the fact that the dissolved starch is effectively retained on the fiber after being modified by the starch binder is found, and the modified starch has different performance from the traditional modified starch, so that the folding endurance index of the paper can be improved.

As known to those skilled in the art, the folding endurance of paper is mainly determined by the quality and strength of the fibers themselves, and thus the use of dry strength agents to improve the folding endurance index of paper is one of the most difficult tasks for all paper strength indexes. The experiment directly takes paper pulp from the field production pulping process according to the production process conditions of a certain paper mill of Dongguan in Guangdong province, and the field simulation of starch binding agent modified starch in a laboratory of the paper mill improves starch retention and paper strength indexes, particularly improves the folding resistance effect of paper.

The experimental steps are as follows: (1) preparing starch: boiling the corn starch solution in a water bath at 95 ℃ for 60 minutes to prepare a 7 percent standard starch solution, cooling to 60 ℃, and preserving heat for later use; (2) preparing slurry: weighing 400g of waste liquor, adding water at 55 ℃ to 3077g (13% concentration), soaking for 60 minutes, pouring the soaked waste liquor into a pulper, and pulping for 20 minutes; weighing 200g of absolutely dry pulp, pouring into a horizontal (Wally) beater, adding water to dilute to 23L, untwining for 3 minutes without adding weight, adding 5kg of weight, and beating for 2 minutes until the beating degree is about 30 DEG SR; wringing out the pulped pulp, dispersing, and testing the pulp concentration to 29%; taking the slurry according to the required slurry amount, adding water to dilute the slurry to 3 percent, pouring the diluted slurry into a fluffer, and fluffing for 3 minutes without increasing the weight for standby application; (3) preparation of the medicine: preparing A38 and Y4 into 1% solutions by using deionized water respectively; (4) modification reaction of starch and reaction of modified starch and slurry: weighing 120g of 7% starch solution prepared in the step (1), adding deionized water to dilute by 50 times, namely the concentration of the starch is 1400mg/L, and reacting with the 1% A38 solution prepared in the step (3) for 30 minutes to obtain A38 modified starch; meanwhile, 3 percent of the slurry prepared in the step (2) is put into a water bath at the temperature of 45 ℃ to be stirred for 30 minutes; pouring the A38 modified starch solution into the slurry, continuously stirring for 3min, adding the 1% Y4 solution prepared in the step (3), continuously stirring for 7min, sampling after the reaction is finished, and performing centrifugal test to obtain the concentration of the reacted starch and COD; (5) addition of dry strength agent (cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)/reinforcing agent (modified polyacrylamide, GPAM)/retention and drainage aid: transferring the reacted slurry to a boosting stirrer according to required experimental conditions, controlling the rotating speed to be 6 grades, adding a reinforcing agent (GPAM), stirring for 30 seconds, then adding a dry strength agent (CPAM) and continuously stirring for 30 seconds, adding a retention and drainage agent (Z3+ Z6) at most, stirring for 10 seconds, preparing final slurry after the reaction is finished, sampling and centrifugally testing starch and COD (6) sheet making: pouring the slurry reacted in the step (5) into a fluffer, adding water to dilute the slurry until the slurry is scribed, then defibering for 30 seconds, diluting the defibered slurry to 0.5 percent, and weighing 750g of diluted slurry for sheet making; all sheets were pressed at 0.4MPa for 5 minutes and then dried in a sheet machine for 5 minutes.

TABLE 11 Experimental conditions for the use of a starch complexing agent A38 modified starch in combination with a dry strength agent/enhancing agent

TABLE 12 Effect of starch complexing agent A38 modified starch and dry strength agent/strengthening agent combination on improving paper folding endurance index

The test results are shown in table 12. It can be seen that when a38 modified starch (10kg/T starch +0.20kg/T starch binder a38) was used with retention agent Y4, the strength of the paper was higher than the existing dry strength/strength agent combination, especially the folding endurance increased 24 times, relative to the existing dry strength agent/strength agent combination of the mill (i.e. comparative conditions). The amount of modified starch and Y4 was kept constant and the burst resistance was increased further by adding the existing dry strength and/or strength agents of the plant stepwise. In particular, the folding endurance increased from 114 to 194, i.e., a 70% increase, when the dry strength agent was increased to 20kg/T (i.e., 50% of the comparative condition). As previously mentioned, this effect was not achieved in the last decade of the plant's attempts to improve flex endurance by various combinations of dry strength agents and reinforcing agents; it is also known that the folding endurance of paper is mainly determined by the paper fibre material itself, and that conventional modified starches (oxidized, cationic or amphoteric) generally reduce the folding endurance of paper. The experimental result shows that the starch modified by the starch complexing agent has the performance of the traditional modified starch and can improve the folding times of paper.

EXAMPLE 10 Effect of starch modification on the Sterilization and sanitation of white Water System

This example observes and tests bacterial growth of whitewater under different conditions to examine the impact of starch binders modifying starch on system sanitation and sterilization.

Experimental method 1, preparation of starch: placing 800g of 4% corn starch solution into a water bath at 95 ℃ to be boiled for 60 minutes to prepare a 7% standard starch solution, and cooling to 60 ℃ for heat preservation for later use; 2. preparing slurry: weighing 400g of American waste AOCC, adding water at 45 ℃ to 3077g (13% concentration), soaking for 5 minutes, pouring the soaked mixture into a pulper, and pulping for 15 minutes; 3. preparing a starch binding agent A38 and a modified starch retention synergist (Y4) into 1% of solution, a solid retention aid Z3 into 0.15% of solution and a liquid retention aid Z6 (0.8%) by using deionized water; 4. weighing 120g of 7% starch solution prepared in the step 1, adding deionized water to dilute the solution by 50 times until the concentration of the starch is 1400mg/L, and reacting the solution with 1% starch binding agent solution prepared in the step 3 for 30 minutes; (b) placing 800g of the 3% slurry prepared in step 2 into a water bath at 47.5 ℃ while treating the starch solution in step (a)1 and stirring for 30 minutes; (c) stirring for 30min, adding the starch solution treated in the step (a) into the slurry treated in the step (b), adding a starch retention synergist Y4 after 3min, and continuously stirring for 7 min; 5. sheet making: pouring the slurry reacted in the step 4(c) into a fluffer, adding water to dilute the slurry until the slurry is scribed, and fluffing for 30 seconds; diluting the defibered slurry to 0.5%, transferring 4800g of the slurry to a boosting stirrer, controlling the rotating speed to be 6 grades, adding a solid retention aid Z3, and continuing stirring for 30 seconds; adding a liquid retention aid Z6, continuously stirring for 30 seconds, and after the reaction is finished, weighing 750g of the mixture to make sheets; 6. and (3) sterilization test: taking 50ml of the slurry reacted in the step above into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging for 5min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and taking 15ml of supernatant for later use; taking 0.1ml of supernatant to be evenly spread in an agar culture medium, placing the medium in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 12h, and counting the number of colonies.

The experimental results are as follows: table 13 shows several typical test conditions and test results thereof, and fig. 7 is a photograph of the growth of the bacteria when cultured for 12 hours. As can be seen, the pulp white water contains a large amount of starch and other nutrients, the bacteria grow rapidly, and the total number of colonies exceeds 15000; the added starch has the function of promoting the growth of bacteria, and the total number of colonies is further improved. However, bacterial growth was greatly reduced after the addition of the starch binder. Especially when used with the modified starch retention synergist Y4, the total number of colonies dropped below 100, i.e. less than 0.5% of the control conditions. These results show that the starch binding agent modified starch not only can retain starch, but also has good effect on cleaning and sterilization of a white water system.

TABLE 13 influence of AOCC pulp treatment conditions on bacterial growth in the white water system

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water, comprising the steps of (a): reacting an anionic starch complexing agent with free starch in papermaking white water to modify the free starch;

the hydrophilic group is a polar group and is selected from at least one of carboxyl, sulfonic group, sulfuric acid group, phosphoric acid group, phosphorous acid group, amide group, ester group, halogen formyl group, carbamoyl group, cyano group, aldehyde group, carbonyl group, ether group, alcohol group, phenol group, mercapto group and thioether group;

and, the anionic starch complexing agent generates a hydrophobic anion upon ionization in water;

the hydrophobic anion generated after the anionic starch complexing agent is ionized in water is selected from at least one of carboxylate anion, sulfate anion, sulfonate anion, phosphate anion and phosphite;

the anionic starch complexing agent has the following structure: R-A or R-A-R or A-R-A;

wherein A is selected from:

or

R is selected from: r₁Substituted C11-C26 alkyl, alkyl containing a carbon-carbon double bond, R₂Substituted phenyl, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylpolyoxyethylene group, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylpolyoxypropylene, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylphenyl polyoxyethylene, R₃Substituted C11-C26 alkylphenylpolyoxypropylene; the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl containing the carbon-carbon double bond is 18-26, and the number of the carbon-carbon double bonds is 1-6;

m is selected from: H. metal ions, ammonium ions, organic amine cations;

R₂selected from: H. fluorine, C4-C40 alkyl, C4-C40 alkoxy, substituted C4-C40 alkyl, carboxyl, mercapto, phenyl, C4-C40 alkyl substituted phenyl.

2. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1, wherein R is₁And R₃Each independently selected from: H. fluorine, mercapto, C1-C6 alkyl.

3. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1, characterized in thatIn, R₂Selected from: C7-C32 alkyl, R₁Substituted C7-C32 alkyl, carboxyl, C7-C32 alkoxy.

4. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 3, wherein R is₂Selected from: C11-C26 alkyl, R₁Substituted C11-C26 alkyl, carboxyl, C11-C26 alkoxy.

5. The method of recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic starch complexing agent is selected from at least one of the following compounds: lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, tetracosanoic acid, hexacosanoic acid, octacosanoic acid, triacontanoic acid, melissic acid, undecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, oleic acid, trans-octadecene-9-oic acid, octadecenoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, sodium stearate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, ammonium dodecylsulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauroylsarcosine, octadecylphosphoric acid, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid, 11-mercaptoundecylphosphoric acid, sodium tetradecylphosphonate, hexadecyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, sodium didodecylpolyoxyethylene phosphate, Sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl polyoxypropylene phosphate and 1, 2-difluoromethyl-heneicosyl-tridecyl diammonium phosphate.

6. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the free starch is selected from the group consisting of: at least one of corn starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, and oxidation modified starch; the oxidation modified starch is oxidation modified corn starch, oxidation modified cassava starch, oxidation modified sweet potato starch or oxidation modified wheat starch.

7. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 6, characterized in that the method for preparing the oxidatively modified starch comprises the following steps: preparing starch into water solution, heating to 80-100 deg.C, adding starch oxidant or amylase, reacting until viscosity is stable, and cooling to 60-70 deg.C to obtain the final product.

8. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

9. The method of recovering free starch in papermaking white water according to claim 8, characterized in that the fiber or pulp has a solids concentration of 1-10%.

10. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 9, characterized in that the fiber or pulp has a solids concentration of 2-4%.

11. The method of recovering free starch in papermaking white water according to claim 8, characterized in that the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dry weight of the fibers or pulp is 0.02-20 kg/t.

12. The method of recovering free starch from paper making white water according to claim 11, wherein the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dry weight of the fiber or pulp is 0.15-2 kg/t.

13. The method of recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 12, characterized in that the weight ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the dry weight of the fibers or pulp is 0.2-1.5 kg/t.

14. The method of recovering free starch from papermaking white water as set forth in claim 8, further comprising the step of adding a builder, including:

the synergist is a cationic polymer, a nonionic polymer or a zwitterionic polymer which has an effect of promoting the retention of the modified starch on fibers, and the molecular weight of the cationic polymer, the nonionic polymer or the zwitterionic polymer is 50,000-10,000,0000 daltons.

15. The method of recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 14, characterized in that the synergist is selected from the group consisting of: at least one of polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium sulfate, polyferric sulfate, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, poly hydroxypropyldimethylammonium chloride, dicyandiamide formaldehyde polycondensation resin, polyvinylamine, polyethyleneimine, polydichloroethyl ether tetramethylethylenediamine, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid anion copolymer and quaternary ammonium salt polymeric flocculant.

16. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 14, wherein the mass ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the synergist is 1: 0.05-40.

17. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 16, wherein the mass ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the synergist is 1: 0.1-10.

18. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 17, wherein the mass ratio of the anionic starch complexing agent to the synergist is 1: 0.2-5.

19. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1 or claim 8 or claim 14, wherein the temperature of the reaction in step (a) is 10-90 ℃.

20. The method for recovering free starch from paper making white water according to claim 8 or claim 14, wherein the temperature of the adsorption reaction in step (b) is 10-90 ℃.

21. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1 or claim 8 or claim 14, wherein the reaction time of step (a) is 1min-20 h.

22. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 21, wherein the reaction time in step (a) is 5min to 1 h.

23. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 8 or claim 14, wherein the adsorption reaction time of step (b) is 1min to 120 min.

24. The method of recovering free starch in papermaking white water according to claim 23, wherein the adsorption reaction time of step (b) is 5-30 min.

25. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 1 or claim 8 or claim 14, characterized in that the pH of the reaction of step (a) is 4-11.

26. The method for recovering free starch from paper making white water according to claim 25, wherein the pH of the reaction in the step (a) is 5-9.

27. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 8 or claim 14, wherein the pH of the reaction of step (b) is 4-11.

28. The method for recovering free starch from papermaking white water according to claim 27, wherein the pH of the reaction in step (b) is 5-9.