CN111690180A - Preparation method of rubber with thermal reversible repeated processing performance - Google Patents
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
- C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3435—Piperidines
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- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/524—Esters of phosphorous acids, e.g. of H3PO3
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of rubber with thermal reversible repeated processing performance. The preparation method comprises the following steps: rubber and a compound containing a plurality of nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals are mixed to obtain a mixed rubber, and the mixed rubber is subjected to thermal crosslinking to obtain the thermal reversible rubber capable of being repeatedly processed. According to the invention, the nitrogen-oxygen stable free radical reacts with a rubber molecular chain to form an alkoxyamine structure with a thermal reversible property, the structure is used as a crosslinking point to realize thermal reversible crosslinking of rubber, and the temperature is controlled to control crosslinking and decrosslinking of the rubber, so that thermal reversible repeated processing of the rubber material is realized. The method is simple and convenient to operate, the prepared rubber material is high in performance retention rate, repeated processing can be performed for many times, the recovery rate of the rubber is improved to a certain extent, and the green and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermally reversible materials, in particular to a preparation method of thermally reversible modified rubber based on nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals.
Background
The recycling problem of rubber is always concerned, and most of the traditional crosslinked rubber can only be treated in a burning and landfill mode due to the formation of an irreversible three-dimensional network structure, so that the healthy development of the environment is seriously influenced. The irreversible rubber material is modified into the reversible regenerated material, so that the problem of recycling of the waste rubber can be well solved. Reversible materials achieve their reversible properties by introducing into the material, as cross-linking points of the material, structures that can react reversibly under certain conditions. The reversible crosslinking structure is introduced into the rubber to replace the traditional irreversible crosslinking structure, so that the rubber can be recycled, and the method is a hotspot for researching the recyclable rubber in recent years.
The commonly used thermo-reversible structural systems include Diels-Alder system, quaternary ammonium salt system, anhydride esterification system, isocyanate and active hydrogen reaction system, etc., which have been widely studied, and the nitroxide stable free radical is a stable free radical and has an extremely strong free radical capturing ability, and in the documents [ Veregin R P N, Georges M K, Kazmaier P M, and ethylene free radical polymerization for narrow poly-dispersion resins, electron luminescence reaction sites of the kinetics and catalysis [ J ] Macromolecules,1993,26(20):5316-5320 ], the alkoxy amine structure formed by combining the nitroxide stable free radical and the carbon free radical has a high temperature cracking property and a low temperature bonding reversible property, and thus is widely used in the fields of styrene living radical polymerization, polymerization inhibitor, etc. The research of the nitrogen-oxygen stable free matrix system in the field of the heat reversible rubber material is not reported, and the nitrogen-oxygen stable free matrix system has great development potential.
The preparation principle of the thermal reversible rubber material based on the nitroxide stable free radical is that a compound containing two or more nitroxide stable free radicals reacts with a rubber molecular chain at high temperature to form an alkoxy amine structure, and the structure is used as a crosslinking point to realize reversible crosslinking of the rubber molecular chain.
The repeated processing mechanism of the thermal reversible rubber material based on the nitroxide stable free radical is mainly that an alkoxyamine structure is decomposed at high temperature to form a nitroxide stable free radical and a carbon free radical, and the nitroxide stable free radical and the carbon free radical are rapidly combined again at low temperature to form the alkoxyamine structure. The rubber crosslinked by the structure can realize repeated processing for a plurality of times by controlling the temperature under the mechanism, thereby realizing the recycling of the crosslinked rubber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of rubber with thermal reversible repeated processing performance. The rubber is repeatedly processed by utilizing the thermal reversible structure of the alkoxyamine, and the preparation method has simple steps and strong operability. The prepared rubber has high performance retention rate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows.
A preparation method of rubber with thermal reversible repeated processing performance comprises the following steps:
(1) fully mixing rubber and a compound containing two or more nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals;
(2) and (3) carrying out thermal crosslinking on the rubber compound to obtain the rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processing performance.
In the above method, in the step (1), the compounds containing two or more nitroxide stable free radicals are mainly divided into two types, one type is a compound containing a single nitroxide stable free radical which is chemically modified into a compound containing two or more nitroxide stable free radicals; one is a compound originally containing two or more stable free radicals of nitroxide.
In the above process, the compound having a single nitroxide-stable free radical is 4-amino-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine oxide, 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-carbonylpiperidine nitroxide, 4-methacryloyloxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 2-dimethyl-1-aza-spiro [5.5] undecane-4-hydroxy-1-oxyl, 2-dimethyl-1- [ (2-methyl-1-phenyl-propyl) -amino ] -propyl-3-hydroxy-1-oxyl, or a salt thereof, One or more of 2-hydroxymethyl-2- [ oxygen radical- (2-methyl-1-phenyl-propyl) -amino ] -propane-1, 3-diol; the compound originally containing two or more stable free radicals of nitrogen and oxygen is more than one of 1, 10-decanedioic acid-4, 4' -bis (1-oxo-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl) piperidine ester, tris (1-alkoxy-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinol) phosphite ester and tris (1-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinol) phosphite ester.
In the above method, the chemical modification is a reaction of a functional group on the nitroxide stable free radical compound, including a reaction of isocyanate with hydroxyl, a reaction of isocyanate with amino, a condensation reaction of ketoamine, or a copolymerization reaction of olefin.
In the method, in the step (2), the temperature of the thermal crosslinking is 120-180 ℃, and the time of the thermal crosslinking is 5-60 min.
In the above method, in the step (1), the rubber is a rubber containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond.
In the method, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the rubber to the compound containing two or more nitroxide stable free radicals is 100: 1-30.
In the method, in the step (1), the rubber is one or more of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber, nitrile rubber, isoprene rubber and chloroprene rubber.
In the method, the filler is added in the mixing process in the step (1), and the filler is more than one of carbon black, silicon dioxide, graphene, carbon nano tube, fullerene, silicate and metal oxide.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the nitrogen-oxygen stable free radical reacts with a rubber molecular chain to form an alkoxyamine cross-linking structure with a thermal reversible property, the structure is decomposed at high temperature to form a nitrogen-oxygen stable free radical and a carbon free radical, and the nitrogen-oxygen stable free radical and the carbon free radical are rapidly combined again at low temperature to form an alkoxyamine structure, so that the thermal reversible repeated processing of the rubber material is realized.
The invention has the following excellent effects: the rubber material prepared by the invention has excellent performance, and the performance retention rate of the material after repeated processing is high. The rubber is not required to be modified in advance, the formula is simple, the rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processing performance can be obtained only by mixing the compound containing the stable free radicals containing nitrogen and oxygen with the rubber and reacting at a certain temperature, and the operation process is simple and convenient. In addition, the equipment used in the preparation process and the repeated processing process of the thermal reversible rubber are all universal rubber processing equipment, and the large-scale industrial production is easy to implement.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
Preparation of thermally reversible natural rubber: fully mixing natural rubber and 1, 10-sebacic acid-4, 4' -di (1-oxide-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl) piperidine ester according to the mass part ratio (100:20) on an open mill, and thermally crosslinking the mixed rubber at 120 ℃ for 60min to obtain the natural rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processability.
Repeated processing of the thermally reversible natural rubber: shearing the heat-reversible natural rubber, placing the heat-reversible natural rubber on a hot mill at 120 ℃ for even mixing, then placing the heat-reversible natural rubber on a flat vulcanizing machine for hot pressing at 120 ℃ for 20min, and obtaining the heat-reversible natural rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible natural rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
Example 2
Preparation of the thermally reversible chloroprene rubber material: chloroprene rubber, carbon black, tris (1-alkoxy-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinol) phosphite and tris (1-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinol) phosphite are fully mixed on an open mill according to the mass part ratio (100:40:10:5), and the mixed rubber is subjected to thermal crosslinking for 25min at 160 ℃ to obtain the chloroprene rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processability.
Repeated processing of the thermally reversible neoprene: shearing the heat reversible chloroprene rubber, placing the sheared heat reversible chloroprene rubber on a 160 ℃ heat mixer for even mixing, then placing the heat reversible chloroprene rubber on a flat vulcanizing machine for hot pressing for 15min at 160 ℃, and obtaining the heat reversible chloroprene rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible chloroprene rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
Example 3
Synthesis of compounds containing two nitroxide stable free radicals: 17.2g of 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl is dissolved in 20g of toluene, 12.5g of 4,4 diphenylmethane diisocyanate is slowly dropped, and the reaction is carried out at 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours to obtain a compound containing two nitroxide stable free radicals.
Infrared spectrum analysis of reactants and products showed that the sample was at 3415cm-1Is located at the stretching vibration peak of hydroxyl on 4-hydroxyl-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and 2268cm-1Is the stretching vibration peak of the isocyanate group on the 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and the length of the product obtained by the reaction of the two is 1730cm-1And 1614cm-1Stretching vibration of C ═ O and bending vibration of-NH-appear at the center, corresponding 2268cm-1The disappearance of the characteristic isocyanate peak indicates that 4,4 diphenylmethane diisocyanate successfully modified 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine oxide to form a compound containing two nitroxide stable free radicals.
Preparation of the thermally reversible nitrile rubber material: and (2) fully mixing the nitrile rubber and the synthesized compound containing two nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals on an open mill according to the mass part ratio (100:12), and thermally crosslinking the mixed rubber at 170 ℃ for 5min to obtain the nitrile rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processability.
Repeated processing of the thermally reversible nitrile rubber: shearing the heat-reversible nitrile rubber, placing the sheared nitrile rubber on a mill mixer at 170 ℃, uniformly mixing, then placing the mill mixer on a flat vulcanizing machine, and carrying out hot pressing at 170 ℃ for 5min to obtain the heat-reversible nitrile rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible nitrile rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
Example 4
Synthesis of compounds containing two nitroxide stable free radicals: 17.1g 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-carbonylpiperidinyloxy free radical and 7.4g dihydroxylamine butane were put in a methanol aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and reacted at 50 ℃ for half an hour to obtain a compound containing two nitroxide stable free radicals.
Preparing a thermally reversible ethylene propylene diene monomer material: fully mixing ethylene propylene diene monomer and a synthesized compound containing two nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals on an open mill according to the mass part ratio (100:30), and thermally crosslinking the mixed rubber at 180 ℃ for 18min to obtain the ethylene propylene diene monomer with the thermal reversible repeated processing performance.
Repeatedly processing the thermally reversible ethylene propylene diene monomer: shearing the thermally reversible ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, placing the sheared rubber on a 180 ℃ hot mill, uniformly mixing, then placing the rubber on a flat vulcanizing machine, and carrying out hot pressing at 180 ℃ for 6min to obtain the thermally reversible ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
Example 5
Synthesis of compounds containing three nitroxide stable free radicals: firstly, 17.2g of 4-amino-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine oxide is dissolved in 20g of toluene, 12.2g of 4,4, 4-triphenylmethane triisocyanate is slowly dropped in the toluene, and the reaction is placed at 60 ℃ and reacted for 6 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a compound containing three nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals.
Preparing the thermally reversible styrene-butadiene rubber and butadiene rubber by using the following rubber: fully mixing styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber and a synthesized compound containing three nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals on an open mill according to the mass part ratio (50:50:5), and thermally crosslinking the mixed rubber at 140 ℃ for 50min to obtain the butadiene-styrene butadiene rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processability.
Thermally reversible butadiene-styrene butadiene and rubber repeat processing: and shearing the thermally reversible butadiene-styrene butadiene and rubber, placing the sheared butadiene rubber on a hot mill at 140 ℃, uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture on a flat vulcanizing machine for hot pressing at 140 ℃ for 15min to obtain the thermally reversible butadiene-styrene butadiene-butadiene rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible butadiene-styrene butadiene rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
Example 6
Synthesis of various nitroxide stable free radical compounds: 24.4g of 4-methacryloyloxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl is mixed with 15.0g of styrene, 12.1g of benzoyl peroxide is added, and the mixture is reacted at 80 ℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours to obtain a compound containing a plurality of nitroxide stable free radicals.
Preparation of the thermally reversible isoprene rubber material: fully mixing isoprene rubber and a synthesized compound containing a plurality of nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals on an open mill according to the mass part ratio (100:1), and thermally crosslinking the mixed rubber at 150 ℃ for 35min to obtain the isoprene rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processing performance.
Repeated processing of the thermally reversible isoprene rubber: shearing the heat-reversible isoprene rubber, placing the heat-reversible isoprene rubber on a heat mixer at 150 ℃ for even mixing, then placing the heat-reversible isoprene rubber on a flat vulcanizing machine for hot pressing at 150 ℃ for 10min, and obtaining the heat-reversible isoprene rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible isoprene rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
Example 7
Synthesis of compounds containing two nitroxide stable free radicals: 4.24g of 2, 2-dimethyl-1-aza-spiro [5.5] undecane-4-hydroxy-1-oxyl, 4.72g of 2-dimethyl-1- [ (2-methyl-1-phenyl-propyl) -amino ] -propyl-3-hydroxy-1-oxyl, 5.36g of 2-hydroxymethyl-2- [ oxyl- (2-methyl-1-phenyl-propyl) -amino ] -propyl-1, 3-diol were dissolved in 30g of toluene, 16.8g of hexamethylene diisocyanate was slowly added dropwise thereto, and the reaction was left at 80 ℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere for 10 hours to obtain a compound containing two nitroxide stable free radicals.
Epoxidized natural rubber is one of natural rubbers, and the epoxidized natural rubber with the epoxidation degree of 25 percent is used for preparing the heat reversible rubber material, and the specific preparation method is as follows: fully mixing the epoxidized natural rubber and the synthesized compound containing two nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals on an open mill according to the mass portion ratio (100:15), and thermally crosslinking the mixed rubber at 130 ℃ for 40min to obtain the epoxidized rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processability.
Repeated processing of thermally reversible epoxidized natural rubber: shearing the thermoreversible epoxidized natural rubber, placing the sheared rubber on a 130 ℃ hot mill, uniformly mixing, then placing the mixture on a flat vulcanizing machine, and carrying out hot pressing at 130 ℃ for 20min to obtain the thermoreversible epoxidized natural rubber again.
Tensile test experiments show that the thermally reversible epoxidized natural rubber has good repeated processability. (as shown in Table 1)
TABLE 1 thermally reversible rubber mechanics data sheet
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of rubber with thermal reversible repeated processing performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fully mixing rubber and a compound containing two or more nitrogen-oxygen stable free radicals;
(2) and (3) carrying out thermal crosslinking on the rubber compound to obtain the rubber with the thermal reversible repeated processing performance.
2. The method for producing a rubber having thermoreversible reworking ability according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the compounds containing two or more stable nitrogen and oxygen radicals are mainly classified into two types, one of which is a compound containing a single stable nitrogen and oxygen radical which is chemically modified into a compound containing two or more stable nitrogen and oxygen radicals; one is a compound originally containing two or more stable free radicals of nitroxide.
3. The method for preparing a rubber having thermoreversible reworkability according to claim 2, wherein the compound having a single nitroxide-stable free radical is 4-amino-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine oxide, 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-carbonylpiperidine nitroxide, 4-methacryloyloxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 2-dimethyl-1-aza-spiro [5.5] undecane-4-hydroxy-1-oxyl, 2-dimethyl-1- [ (2-methyl-1-phenyl-propyl) -amino ] -propyl-3-beta-hydroxy-methyl-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl More than one of hydroxyl-1 oxygen free radical and 2-hydroxymethyl-2- [ oxygen free radical- (2-methyl-1-phenyl-propyl) -amino ] -propane-1, 3-diol; the compound originally containing two or more stable free radicals of nitrogen and oxygen is more than one of 1, 10-decanedioic acid-4, 4' -bis (1-oxo-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl) piperidine ester, tris (1-alkoxy-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinol) phosphite ester and tris (1-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinol) phosphite ester.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the chemical modification is a reaction of functional groups on the nitroxide stable free radical compound, including isocyanate reaction with hydroxyl groups, isocyanate reaction with amino groups, ketoamine condensation reactions, or olefin copolymerization reactions.
5. The method for preparing a rubber having thermoreversible reworking properties according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the thermal crosslinking is 120 to 180 ℃ and the time of the thermal crosslinking is 5 to 60 min.
6. The method for producing a rubber having thermoreversible reworking properties according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the rubber is a rubber having an unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond.
7. The method for producing a rubber having thermoreversible reworking properties according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the rubber to the compound containing two or more nitroxide-stable free radicals is 100:1 to 30.
8. The method for preparing rubber with thermoreversible reworking processability according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the rubber is one or more of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber, nitrile rubber, isoprene rubber and chloroprene rubber.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (1) of mixing is carried out while adding a filler, wherein the filler is one or more of carbon black, silica, graphene, carbon nanotubes, fullerene, silicate, and metal oxide.
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| CN113185724A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-30 | 华南理工大学 | All-rubber-powder elastomer material capable of being repeatedly processed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114685854A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-01 | 萧县新秀新材料有限公司 | Stabilizer for trans-isoprene rubber and application |
| WO2023167035A1 (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-09-07 | Ｅｎｅｏｓ株式会社 | Crosslinked polymer, manufacturing method therefor, and manufacturing method for re-crosslinked polymer |
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