CN111690161A - Anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction and preparation method - Google Patents
Anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction and a preparation method thereof; the net material is formed by the orthogonal assembly of anisotropic rails in the mutually vertical direction and the surface hydrophobic roughening treatment; the net material is soaked with hydrophobic lubricating liquid to form a super-lubricating liquid transportation interface; the net material is obliquely placed, when the horizontal rail is arranged above and the inclined rail is arranged below, liquid drops are released from the top end of the rail, at the moment, the contact area of the liquid drops and the rail is large, the state of the liquid drops is stable, and the liquid drops slide along the upper surface of the inclined rail; the net material is rotated by 90 degrees, the inclined track is arranged on the upper portion, the horizontal track is arranged on the lower portion, liquid drops are released from the top end of the track, the contact area between the liquid drops and the track is small, and due to the release of surface energy, the liquid drops penetrate through the meshes instantly and slide on the lower surface of the inclined track. Namely, the unidirectional transportation of the liquid can be realized by changing the relative positions of the horizontal rail and the inclined rail. The invention has the advantages of low cost, easily obtained raw materials, strong material selectivity and simple production process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials and fluid control, and particularly relates to an anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Many animals and plants exist in nature, and can skillfully control the directional movement of liquid drops by means of the special microstructure and the asymmetric wettability of the surface of the animals and plants, so that the animals and plants can live in severe environments. For example, nepenthes can pump liquid at a relatively high speed to realize self-lubrication so as to capture small insects, the long hydrophilic/hydrophobic butterfly beak consisting of two open half pipes of the butterfly can effectively take nectar without leakage, and the super-hydrophilic texture and the super-hydrophobic groove on the back of the beetle can suck water vapor from wind to form water drops to roll into the mouth of the beetle.
Human can optimize the interaction between the interface and the fluid by reasonably regulating and controlling the structure and chemical composition of the interface material, thereby realizing the low-consumption, lossless and intelligent unidirectional fluid transmission process similar to animals and plants. Such materials that can achieve one-way transport of fluids are known as "liquid diodes," which are a class of smart interface materials that allow liquid to pass in only one direction, but prevent it from passing in the opposite direction. The material can be conveniently applied to the field of microfluid control to play a role similar to a valve switch. In the past decade, researchers have designed a range of materials with asymmetric wettability, such as fabrics, polymer fibers and metal meshes, to achieve unidirectional conduction of such liquids. For example, a droplet will flow in one direction from a hydrophobic side of the material to a hydrophilic side, and in the process, surface tension is the only motive force for liquid transport.
However, materials based on wettability gradients and differences in wettability have the following disadvantages: first, the processing is complicated. The common treatment methods are partly to treat the whole material to be hydrophobic/super-hydrophobic and then to treat one side of the material to be hydrophilic by other methods, and partly to treat the two materials separately and then to combine them by hot pressing or binding. Second, material step processing may have an impact. The nature of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction is that spherical droplets on a hydrophobic surface can spontaneously transfer to a hydrophilic surface upon advancement of the surface energy. Post-hydrophilic treatment of the material may affect the previous hydrophobic/superhydrophobic treatment. The manner in which the two materials are hot pressed or bound may also affect the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction, and thus the unidirectional transport of the liquid.
In conventional wisdom, the wettability gradient and the wettability difference are the only ways to design the one-way conduction system. However nature always gives us an unlimited inspiration. It was found that butterfly wings, with their oriented micro/nano-structured scales, can only roll off in a direction away from their body center, and vice versa, it is very difficult. The linear and directional arranged protrusion arrays and the one-dimensional groove structure of the rice leaves enable liquid drops to roll down only along the horizontal growth direction of the leaves and not slide perpendicular to the growth direction of the leaves. These two peculiar phenomena are anisotropic infiltrations, which are caused by the structure of the butterfly wing and rice leaf surfaces. Therefore, a material is designed to realize unidirectional liquid transportation by utilizing anisotropic wettability or a new way is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of realizing a liquid one-way conduction device based on wettability gradient and wettability difference, and provides an asymmetric net material for realizing liquid one-way conduction by using anisotropic wettability and a preparation method thereof. The invention is inspired by the anisotropic wettability of rice leaves and the super-lubrication interface phenomenon of pitcher plant, and designs an orthotropic super-lubrication track combined net material which can realize the one-way conduction of liquid and is in orthogonal arrangement. Compared with the prior device which realizes the unidirectional operation of liquid by depending on an asymmetric wettability structure, the device can realize the conversion between a liquid drop sliding mode and a penetration mode only by adjusting the relative positions of a horizontal rail and a descending rail of a net material without any wettability gradient/contrast, and develops a new way for realizing the unidirectional transportation of the liquid by using a two-dimensional anisotropic interface combination.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
An anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric web for unidirectional liquid conduction; the mesh material is formed by orthogonal assembly of anisotropic rails in mutually perpendicular directions and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment; the net material is soaked with hydrophobic lubricating liquid to form a super-lubricating liquid transportation interface; the net material is obliquely placed.
The width of the rail of the net material is 0.4-0.8 mm, the thickness of the rail is 0.1-0.4 mm, the rails are arranged at intervals of 1.8-2.3 mm, and the rail is fixed to be made into a fence shape.
The net material is assembled by two layers of anisotropic fence-shaped rails in an orthogonal mode according to mutually perpendicular directions.
The oblique placement angle of the net material is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction, which comprises the following steps:
1): designing and preparing rails with the width of 0.4-0.8 mm and the thickness of 0.1-0.4 mm, arranging the rails at equal intervals of 1.8-2.3 mm, and fixing to form a fence shape;
2): performing orthogonal assembly and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment on the rail: immersing the fence-shaped rails into room-temperature curing silicone rubber solution diluted by liquid alkane until the rails are completely immersed, taking out the rails, and then orthogonally laminating 2 fence-shaped rails in the mutually vertical direction to form a net shape; horizontally placing, after the solvent is volatilized, uniformly spreading a layer of micron/nanometer-scale particles on the surface, blowing off the particles which are not adhered to the surface, and curing at room temperature;
3): and (3) performing super-lubrication treatment on the cured net material: and (3) immersing the solidified mesh material into the lubricant until a layer of lubricant is on the surface of the mesh material, taking out the mesh material, and vertically placing the mesh material to remove the redundant lubricant on the surface by using gravity.
The track preparation method in the step 1) is preferably one of 3D printer printing and numerical control milling machine micromachining.
The material of the rail in the step 1) is preferably one of polylactic acid, polyamide or metal sheet.
The liquid alkane in the step 2) is preferably one of n-pentane, n-hexane or cyclohexane.
The room temperature curing silicone rubber in the step 2) is preferably one of Ecoflex 00-10, Dragon Skin 30 or 704.
The concentration of the silicon rubber/liquid alkane solution in the step 2) is preferably 10-30% (mass/volume, g/mL).
The micro/nano-scale particles in the step 2) are preferably one of R972, R974 or A380.
The room temperature curing time in the step 2) is preferably 12 to 36 hours.
The lubricant in the step 3) is preferably one of simethicone, hydroxyl fluorosilicone oil or liquid paraffin.
The invention relates to an anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction, which is constructed on the basis of the bionic construction of a super-wetting net material and is used for building a multifunctional unidirectional liquid transportation interface. The optimized liquid one-way transport net material is obtained by further optimizing experimental parameters through researching the influence of parameters such as the size and the arrangement of the net material track and the inclination angle of the net material on the one-way transport performance of the liquid. Based on super-infiltration intelligent mesh materials, a multifunctional and intelligent interface fluid transportation system is constructed, and parameters such as transportation speed, net torsion angle and the like are deeply inspected. The application potential of the net material in the fields of fluid control, fog collection, novel interface materials and the like is explored and proved.
When the net material with the liquid one-way conduction capability is used for carrying out liquid one-way transmission, a syringe pump can be used for injecting tiny liquid drops with a certain volume as a liquid source. The orthogonal arrangement of the anisotropic tracks results in the formation of protruding structures on the smooth tracks and the lubricating layer on the web exhibits a curved and continuous lubricant/air interface. The net material is obliquely placed, when the horizontal rail is arranged above and the inclined rail is arranged below, liquid drops are released from the top end of the rail, at the moment, the contact area of the liquid drops and the rail is large, the state of the liquid drops is stable, and the liquid drops slide along the upper surface of the inclined rail; the net material is rotated by 90 degrees, the inclined track is arranged on the upper portion, the horizontal track is arranged on the lower portion, liquid drops are released from the top end of the track, the contact area between the liquid drops and the track is small, and due to the release of surface energy, the liquid drops penetrate through the meshes instantly and slide on the lower surface of the inclined track. I.e. by changing the relative position of the horizontal and inclined tracks (web material rotated 90 degrees) one-way transport of liquid can be achieved.
The net material with the liquid one-way conduction function has the advantages of low preparation cost, easily obtained raw materials, strong material selectivity and simple production process. The invention has obvious effect on one-way conduction of liquid, can realize one-way transmission of the liquid under the condition of no wettability contrast, realizes a high-efficiency, quick and safe liquid drop transmission process, and provides an application example for a novel liquid drop control interface.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a web material for unidirectional fluid droplet conduction.
Fig. 2a is a single drop manipulation diagram with the horizontal trajectory of the web material up;
fig. 2b is a single drop manipulation diagram with the web descending trajectory up.
FIG. 3a is a control diagram of micro-droplets during mist collection with horizontal rail up;
FIG. 3b is a control diagram of the fine droplets during mist collection with the falling rail up.
FIG. 4 is a self-regulating control diagram of a droplet array.
In the above fig. 1: 1-horizontal rail; 2-inclined track; 3-liquid droplet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention provides a web material for the unidirectional transport of liquids, as shown in fig. 1. The horizontal rail 1 and the inclined rail 2 are assembled into a net material through two layers of anisotropic rails in an orthogonal mode in the mutually perpendicular direction, and the net material is subjected to hydrophobic roughening and super-lubricating treatment. By changing the relative position of the horizontal and inclined tracks (rotating the web material by 90 degrees) a unidirectional transport of the droplets 3 can be achieved.
Example 1: unidirectional conduction of a single droplet
1): preparing a track: the tracks are printed by a 3D printer, the width of each track is 0.6 mm, the thickness of each track is 0.2 mm, the tracks are arranged at equal intervals of 2 mm, and the tracks are fixed to form a fence.
2): performing orthogonal assembly and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment on the rail: the palisade tracks are immersed in 10% (mass/volume, g/mL) Ecoflex 00-10/n-hexane solution for 10 seconds, and then 2 palisade tracks are orthogonally bonded into a net shape according to mutually perpendicular directions. After standing horizontally for 30 minutes to allow the solvent to evaporate, the surface was dusted with a layer of R972 particles, and the particles not adhered thereto were blown off and cured at room temperature for 12 hours.
3): and (3) performing super-lubrication treatment on the net material: and (3) immersing the cured mesh material into the dimethyl silicone oil for 1 minute, taking out the mesh material, vertically placing the mesh material for 15 minutes, and removing the excessive dimethyl silicone oil on the surface by using gravity.
The mesh material was placed at 60 degrees slant and a syringe pump connected to the needle was used to inject drops of about 6 microliters at a constant rate. As shown in fig. 2a, with the web horizontal rail up, the droplets are caught by the web at 0.00 seconds and will then slide along the rail on the upper surface of the web, sliding to the bottom of the upper surface of the web at 0.67 seconds. As shown in fig. 2b, when the web material descends on the track, the liquid drops are captured by the web material within 0.00 second, then the liquid drops penetrate through the web material and are transferred to the lower surface of the web material within 0.40 second, then the liquid drops slide along the track on the lower surface of the web material, and slide to the bottom of the lower surface of the web material within 0.87 second. The insert in the upper right corner of the figure is a side view of a drop on the web material. The relative positions of the horizontal track and the descending track are changed through comparison, so that the liquid drops can be conducted in a single direction.
Example 2: micro-droplet control in mist collection
1): preparing a track: the tracks are printed by a 3D printer, the width of each track is 0.4 mm, the thickness of each track is 0.1 mm, the tracks are arranged at equal intervals of 1.8 mm, and the tracks are fixed to form a fence.
2): performing orthogonal assembly and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment on the rail: the fence-like rails were immersed in a 20% (mass/volume, g/mL) Dragon Skin 30/cyclohexane solution for 10 seconds, and then 2 fence-like rails were orthogonally bonded in a mutually perpendicular direction to form a net. After standing horizontally for 30 minutes to allow the solvent to evaporate, the surface was covered with a layer of R974 particles, and the particles not adhered thereto were blown off and cured at room temperature for 24 hours.
3): and (3) performing super-lubrication treatment on the net material: and (3) immersing the cured net material into liquid paraffin for 1 minute, taking out, vertically placing for 15 minutes, and removing the excessive liquid paraffin on the surface by using gravity.
The web material was placed at an angle of 45 degrees, and mist was blown at the upper portion of the web material with mist of 1.2 meters per second. As shown in fig. 3a, with the web in horizontal orbit, small droplets start to grow in the mist-collecting zone at 0 seconds, and the growing droplets will slide slowly over the upper surface of the web, during which the small droplets will also coalesce into large droplets, which eventually will be collected on the upper surface of the web. As shown in fig. 3b, when the web descends on its trajectory, small droplets start to grow in the mist-collecting zone at 0 seconds, and droplets growing on the upper surface will be transferred through the web to the lower surface. The drops will then slide on the lower surface of the web material. The comparison of the two figures shows that the net material successfully realizes the unidirectional transportation of the tiny liquid drops in the fog collection process. The mesh material can be placed in the microfluidic pipeline to conveniently play a role of a valve switch and control the flowing direction of fluid in the pipeline.
Example 3: self-regulating manipulation of droplet arrays
1): preparing a track: a piece of aluminum sheet with the thickness of 0.4 mm is taken and cut into strip-shaped rails with the width of 0.8 mm by a numerical control machine. The rails are arranged at equal intervals of 2.3 mm and fixed to form a fence.
2): performing orthogonal assembly and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment on the rail: the railed tracks were immersed in a 30% (mass/volume, g/mL) 704/n-pentane solution for 10 seconds, and then 2 railed tracks were orthogonally bonded in a mutually perpendicular direction to form a net. After standing horizontally for 30 minutes to allow the solvent to evaporate, the surface was covered with a layer of A380 particles, and the particles not adhered thereto were blown off and cured at room temperature for 36 hours.
3): and (3) performing super-lubrication treatment on the net material: and (3) immersing the cured net into the hydroxyl fluorosilicone oil for 1 minute, taking out the net, vertically placing the net for 15 minutes, and removing the redundant hydroxyl fluorosilicone oil on the surface by using gravity.
The web was placed horizontally with 4 equally spaced 6 microliter drops on the top surface and 3 equally spaced 6 microliter drops on the bottom surface. The web was rotated from the horizontal position to a 90 degree vertical angle at 3 seconds. As shown in fig. 4, the 3 droplets of the original lower surface slide through the mesh to the upper surface. 7 liquid drops on the upper surface and the lower surface slide to the bottom of the upper surface of the net material, so that the self-regulation arrangement of the liquid drops is successfully realized, and the micro-fluidic effect is achieved.
While the methods and techniques of the present invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and/or modifications of the methods and techniques described herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and content of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric web for unidirectional liquid conduction; the mesh material is formed by orthogonal assembly of anisotropic rails in mutually perpendicular directions and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment; the net material is soaked with hydrophobic lubricating liquid to form a super-lubricating liquid transportation interface; the net material is obliquely placed.
2. The asymmetric mesh material of claim 1; the fence is characterized in that the width of the rails of the net material is 0.4-0.8 mm, the thickness of the rails is 0.1-0.4 mm, the rails are arranged at equal intervals of 1.8-2.3 mm, and the rails are fixed to form a fence shape.
3. The asymmetric mesh material of claim 1; the net material is characterized in that the net material is formed by orthogonally assembling two layers of anisotropic fence-shaped rails according to mutually perpendicular directions.
4. The asymmetric mesh material of claim 1; the net material is characterized in that the inclined placing angle of the net material is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.
5. The preparation method of the anisotropic wettability combined asymmetric net material for unidirectional liquid conduction is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1): designing and preparing rails with the width of 0.4-0.8 mm and the thickness of 0.1-0.4 mm, arranging the rails at equal intervals of 1.8-2.3 mm, and fixing to form a fence shape;
2): performing orthogonal assembly and surface hydrophobic roughening treatment on the rail: immersing the fence-shaped rails into room-temperature curing silicone rubber solution diluted by liquid alkane until the rails are completely immersed, taking out the rails, and then orthogonally laminating 2 fence-shaped rails in the mutually vertical direction to form a net shape; horizontally placing, after the solvent is volatilized, uniformly spreading a layer of micron/nanometer-scale particles on the surface, blowing off the particles which are not adhered to the surface, and curing at room temperature;
3): and (3) performing super-lubrication treatment on the cured net material: and (3) immersing the solidified mesh material into the lubricant until a layer of lubricant is on the surface of the mesh material, taking out the mesh material, and vertically placing the mesh material to remove the redundant lubricant on the surface by using gravity.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the track preparation method in step 1) is one of 3D printer printing and numerical control milling machine micromachining.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein in step 1) the material of the rail is one of polylactic acid, polyamide or metal sheet.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the silicone rubber/liquid alkane solution in step 2) is 10% to 30% (mass/volume, g/mL).
9. The method as set forth in claim 5, wherein the room-temperature curing time in the step 2) is 12 to 36 hours.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the liquid alkane is one of n-pentane, n-hexane, or cyclohexane; the room temperature curing silicone rubber is one of Ecoflex 00-10, Dragon Skin 30 or 704; the micro/nano-scale particles are one of R972, R974 or A380; the lubricant is one of dimethyl silicone oil, hydroxyl fluorosilicone oil or liquid paraffin.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115779817A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-14 | 浙江大学 | Super-hydrophobic three-dimensional surface structure for liquid directional transportation and application |
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| CN105154863A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Composite copper mesh capable of controlling transport direction of liquid, and preparation method thereof |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200922 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |