CN111687507A - High-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel - Google Patents
High-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111687507A CN111687507A CN202010550110.0A CN202010550110A CN111687507A CN 111687507 A CN111687507 A CN 111687507A CN 202010550110 A CN202010550110 A CN 202010550110A CN 111687507 A CN111687507 A CN 111687507A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
- C21D9/505—Cooling thereof
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stainless steel high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps: a. assembling a welding workbench; b. installing a welding workbench on a weldment pushing device; c. embedding a first weldment, a second weldment and solder on a welding workbench; d. pushing the welding workbench into a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace; e. bonding the first and second solder parts by solder; f. and taking out the stainless steel utensil. According to the invention, the first weldment and the second weldment are limited in different modes according to the operation, so that the embedding speed of the first weldment, the second weldment and the solder is improved, and the stability of the first weldment and the second weldment is improved. Meanwhile, the weldment and the solder can be stably conveyed into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the placing position is accurate, the welding workbench can be ensured to be positioned at the same position of the bracket, and the high efficiency of quenching heat treatment is ensured. And the distance between the pressing block and the second cylinder can be changed, so that the welding workbench can be clamped and loosened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stainless steel appliance processing, and particularly relates to a high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel.
Background
The existing stainless steel surgical instrument comprises the following treatment processes: machining → quenching → high-frequency welding of the working end → surface treatment → inspection. The process flow has the defects that the workpiece is subjected to local welding after being integrally quenched, and the local tissue state of the workpiece is changed by welding heating, so that the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the product are influenced, and the service performance of the product is also influenced; secondly, welding is basically manual operation, and the quality control difficulty is high; besides, the welding and the heat treatment are operated separately, so the construction period is long and the energy consumption is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, Chinese patent No. 2013.07.22 discloses a vacuum brazing-heat treatment composite process of a stainless steel surgical instrument and an invention patent named as application No. CN201310308380.0, wherein a working end of the stainless steel surgical instrument is inlaid with hard alloy by adopting an embedding method, the vacuum brazing and the vacuum heat treatment are synchronously processed, two processes are combined into a whole, and the stainless steel surgical instrument with the brazed hard alloy working end is obtained on the basis of controlling the vacuum degree, the heating speed, the heating temperature, the brazing time, the cooling mode and the like. However, how to stably convey the soldering parts and the solder into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel. Meanwhile, the weldment and the solder can be stably conveyed into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the placing position is accurate, the welding workbench can be ensured to be positioned at the same position of the bracket, and the high efficiency of quenching heat treatment is ensured. And adopt the compact heap as fixed limit point, and the second cylinder is as movable limit point, can change the distance between compact heap and the second cylinder, realizes pressing from both sides tight and unclamping the welding bench, can cooperate the slider to move on the slide rail and operate, stability when increasing weldment and solder transport, and can satisfy above-mentioned welding bench and break away from push plate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. assembling a welding workbench: the welding workbench is integrally formed according to the shapes of the first weldment and the second weldment, the top surface of the welding workbench is provided with a protruding portion, a clamping plate is installed on a boss of the welding workbench, the clamping plate is sleeved on a threaded column of the boss, a first nut is connected to the threaded column in a threaded mode, the first nut is screwed on the top surface of the clamping plate, and then a fastener is screwed into the clamping plate in a threaded mode.
According to the invention, the welding flux is melted after reaching the melting point, the first weldment and the second weldment are combined together, and the volume of the second weldment is larger than that of the first weldment, so that the second weldment is limited by the protruding part, the second weldment is limited in an open manner, a stainless steel appliance can be conveniently taken out from a welding workbench in the later period, and the shape of the protruding part is designed according to the shape of the second weldment; because the volume of the first weldment is smaller, if the first weldment is limited in the same way as the second weldment, the first weldment has displacement deviation, so the first weldment is fixed on the welding workbench by adopting the clamping plate and the fastening piece, and the clamping plate is rotatably connected on the welding workbench.
b. Installing the welding workbench on a weldment pushing device: adopt vacuum high pressure gas quenching stove to carry out quenching thermal treatment to weldment and solder, the inside of vacuum high pressure gas quenching stove sets up the bracket, the bracket passes through the bracing piece welding on the inboard of vacuum high pressure gas quenching stove, the below of vacuum high pressure gas quenching stove is equipped with the slide rail, be equipped with the slider on the slide rail, through lead screw motor drive, slider reciprocating motion on the slide rail, first cylinder is installed at the top of slider, pusher is installed at the top of first cylinder, this pusher includes push plate, second cylinder and compact heap, push plate installs on the top of first cylinder, the compact heap rotates to be connected on push plate, the second cylinder is installed on push plate, then place weldment work on push plate, weldment work platform is in the region between second cylinder and the compact heap, adopt second cylinder and the spacing weldment work platform of compact heap again.
According to the invention, the screw motor is adopted to drive the sliding block to reciprocate on the sliding rail, so that the pushing device can enter and exit the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, when the pushing device enters the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the setting height of the pushing device can be changed through the first air cylinder, the later-stage limiting of the welding workbench on the top of the bracket can be realized, the pushing plate is positioned between the bottoms of the brackets, the welding workbench is separated from the pushing plate at the moment, the pushing device can be conveniently withdrawn from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the welding workbench is left in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace for later-stage operation, and as the stroke of the sliding block on the sliding rail is controllable, the sliding block moves on the sliding rail for the same distance in a reciprocating manner every time, so that the sliding block returns to the initial position, the welding workbench can be.
c. Embedding a first weldment, a second weldment and solder on a soldering station: embedding and limiting the second weldment in a protruding part of a welding workbench, then placing the first weldment on the welding workbench, adjusting the position of the first weldment, then rotating the fastener, fixing the first weldment by the fastener, and then embedding solder between the first weldment and the second weldment.
d. Pushing the welding workbench into a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace: the end cover of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace is opened, the sliding block is driven by the lead screw motor to move on the sliding rail towards the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the welding workbench is pushed into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, when the welding workbench is positioned above the bracket, the lead screw motor is stopped to drive, the second cylinder is controlled to retract, the first cylinder is controlled to descend, the welding workbench is limited on the top of the bracket, the push plate is positioned between the bottoms of the brackets, and the welding workbench is separated from the push plate at the moment.
e. Bonding the first and second solder parts by solder:
(1) the sliding block is driven by the screw rod motor to move on the sliding rail away from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the sliding block is returned to the initial position of the sliding rail, the pushing device is returned to the initial position at the moment, and then the end cover of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace is closed.
(2) Heating the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace to 800 ℃ under a vacuum condition, when the temperature is heated to above 800 ℃, filling nitrogen into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, heating to 960-1080 ℃ to melt the solder, welding and combining the first weldment and the second weldment, simultaneously carrying out quenching heat treatment, then cooling and tempering at the temperature of 250-320 ℃ to obtain the stainless steel appliance.
f. Taking out the stainless steel appliance:
(1) the end cover of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace is opened, the end cover is driven by the lead screw motor, the sliding block moves towards the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace on the sliding rail, the first air cylinder is controlled to ascend, the welding workbench is arranged on the pushing plate, the second air cylinder is controlled to extend, the second air cylinder and the compression block are adopted to limit the welding workbench, the sliding block is driven by the lead screw motor to move away from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace on the sliding rail, the sliding block is returned to the initial position of the sliding rail, and the pushing device returns to the initial position.
(2) And loosening the fastener on the clamping plate, loosening the first nut on the threaded column, rotating and opening the clamping plate to ensure that the clamping plate is not limited to the first weldment, and then taking out the stainless steel appliance from the welding workbench.
The pressing block and the second cylinder are matched with each other to clamp and release the welding workbench, and if the welding workbench is clamped by the two symmetrically arranged second cylinders, the welding workbench is unstable, so that the pressing block is used as a fixed limiting point, the second cylinder is used as a movable limiting point, the distance between the pressing block and the second cylinder can be changed, the clamping and the release of the welding workbench are realized, the operation can be carried out by matching the movement of the sliding block on the sliding rail, the stability of conveying a welding piece and a welding flux is improved, and the condition that the welding workbench is separated from the push plate can be met.
Further, after the welding workbench is assembled, stainless steel pull rods are led into the lug plates on the two sides of the welding workbench, second nuts are screwed into the bottoms of the stainless steel pull rods, and the second nuts are screwed on the bottom surfaces of the lug plates. Because the invention needs to be installed and removed from the welding workbench, the stainless steel pull rod is arranged on the welding workbench for the convenience of welding the welding workbench, and acting force can be exerted on the stainless steel pull rod.
Further, the bottom welding of propelling movement board has the guide bar, buffer is installed at the top of slider, this buffer includes buffering casing and spring, spring mounting is in the inside of buffering casing, the guide bar inserts in the buffering casing, the guide bar supports on the spring, before the propelling movement board is placed to the weldment work platform, the fixture block is gone into to the card on the guide bar, fixture block side welded backup pad supports the bottom of propelling movement board, when embedding first weldment on the weldment work platform, second weldment and solder accomplish the back, take out the fixture block from the guide bar. Aiming at the problem that the length of the push plate is long because the push plate needs to extend into a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, and the welding workbench increases the possibility of deformation of the push plate, the guide rod is welded at the bottom of the push plate, and the spring in the buffer device at the top of the sliding block plays a supporting role for the guide rod, so that a supporting point can be added for the push plate, and the deformation condition of the push plate is avoided. And when embedding the first weldment, the second weldment and the solder, certain acting force can be generated on the welding workbench, aiming at the problem, the bottom of the push plate is supported by the fixture block and the support plate, so that the bearing capacity of the push plate is improved.
Further, the pushing plate and the top of the first air cylinder are connected through fastening screws, and the guide rod is required to be inserted into the buffering shell, so that the pushing plate and the first air cylinder are detachably connected.
Further, when the welding workbench is placed on the pushing plate, the vertical rod is inserted into the second through hole of the pushing plate, the top of the vertical rod is matched with the first through hole of the welding workbench, the pressing block is rotated on the rotating shaft of the pushing plate, the welding workbench is pressed by the pressing block, the third nut on the rotating shaft is screwed on the pressing block, the second cylinder is started, the welding workbench is pressed by the second cylinder, and the welding workbench is limited between the second cylinder and the pressing block. When the welding workbench is installed, the pressing block is still in an open state, in order to enable the welding workbench to be arranged at the same position of the pushing plate, the welding workbench is provided with a first through hole, the pushing plate is provided with a second through hole, and when the vertical rod is communicated into the second through hole of the pushing plate and the first through hole of the welding workbench from bottom to top, the welding workbench is arranged at the design position of the pushing plate. When the stainless steel appliance is taken out of the welding workbench, the vertical rod is led into the second through hole of the pushing plate and the first through hole of the welding workbench from bottom to top, and simultaneously the stainless steel appliance is ejected out of the welding workbench through the pushing action of the vertical rod, and then the stainless steel appliance is taken out. Because the stainless steel utensil is inconvenient to take out, the vertical rod can be adopted to push the stainless steel utensil out of the welding workbench.
Further, adopt limit structure to carry on spacingly to initial state's slider, limit structure includes limiting plate and first motor, the limiting plate rotates to be connected on the slide rail, first motor is installed on the outside of slide rail, when the initial position of slide rail is slided to the slider, drive first motor, control limiting plate clockwise rotation on the slide rail, the limiting plate carries on spacingly to the slider this moment, when needs the slider to move on the slide rail, drive first motor, control limiting plate anticlockwise rotation on the slide rail, the limiting plate level setting this moment, do not carry on spacingly to the slider. When the sliding block is at the initial position of the sliding rail, the sliding block is limited by the limiting plate, and the stability and the safety of the sliding block are improved.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the welding flux is melted after reaching the melting point, the first weldment and the second weldment are combined together, and the volume of the second weldment is larger than that of the first weldment, so that the second weldment is limited by the protruding part, the second weldment is limited in an open manner, a stainless steel appliance can be conveniently taken out from a welding workbench in the later period, and the shape of the protruding part is designed according to the shape of the second weldment; because the volume of the first weldment is smaller, if the first weldment is limited in the same way as the second weldment, the first weldment has displacement deviation, so the first weldment is fixed on the welding workbench by adopting the clamping plate and the fastening piece, and the clamping plate is rotatably connected on the welding workbench.
2. According to the invention, the screw motor is adopted to drive the sliding block to reciprocate on the sliding rail, so that the pushing device can enter and exit the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, when the pushing device enters the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the setting height of the pushing device can be changed through the first air cylinder, the later-stage limiting of the welding workbench on the top of the bracket can be realized, the pushing plate is positioned between the bottoms of the brackets, the welding workbench is separated from the pushing plate at the moment, the pushing device can be conveniently withdrawn from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, and the welding workbench is left in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace for the later-stage quenching heat treatment. Because the stroke of the sliding block on the sliding rail is controllable, the sliding block moves on the sliding rail in a reciprocating mode for the same distance every time, so that the sliding block returns to the initial position, the welding workbench can be guaranteed to be located at the same position of the bracket, and the high efficiency of quenching heat treatment is guaranteed. Therefore, the operation of embedding the first weldment, the second weldment and the solder on the welding workbench is carried out outside the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the operation space for embedding the first weldment, the second weldment and the solder is increased, the position of the first weldment is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile, the first weldment can be quickly fixed by adopting the fastening piece. The invention can stably convey the weldment and the solder to the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, so that the efficiency of embedding the first weldment, the second weldment and the solder is higher, and the placing positions are accurate.
3. The pressing block and the second cylinder are matched with each other to clamp and release the welding workbench, and if the welding workbench is clamped by the two symmetrically arranged second cylinders, the welding workbench is unstable, so that the pressing block is used as a fixed limiting point, the second cylinder is used as a movable limiting point, the distance between the pressing block and the second cylinder can be changed, the clamping and the release of the welding workbench are realized, the operation can be carried out by matching the movement of the sliding block on the sliding rail, the stability of conveying a welding piece and a welding flux is improved, and the condition that the welding workbench is separated from the push plate can be met.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration in which a welding table is mounted on a weldment pushing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in an assembled welding station;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pushing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a buffering device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration with the first weldment, second weldment and solder embedded in the bonding station;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration in which the welding table is pushed into a vacuum high pressure gas quenching furnace;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the present invention with the welding station disengaged from the pusher plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in the state where the first and second solder parts are joined by solder;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the slider returning to the initial position of the slide rail;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the present invention in the configuration for removing a stainless steel tool from a welding bench;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure at B in fig. 10.
In the drawings, 1-a welding station; 2-boss; 3-clamping the plate; 4-a threaded post; 5-a first nut; 6-a fastener; 7-stainless steel tie rods; 8-ear plate; 9-a second nut; 10-vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace; 11-end cap; 12-a bracket; 13-a support bar; 14-a slide rail; 15-a push plate; 16-a second cylinder; 17-a compression block; 18-a slide block; 19-a first cylinder; 20-a guide bar; 21-a buffer housing; 22-a first motor; 23-a vertical rod; 24-a second via; 25-a first via; 26-a boss; 27-a spring; 28-a fixture block; 29-a support plate; 30-a first weldment; 31-solder; 32-a second weldment; 33-limiting plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the high temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel of the present invention comprises the following steps:
a. assembling and welding the workbench 1: according to the shape integrated into one piece weldment 1 of first weldment 30 and second weldment 32, the top surface of weldment 1 is equipped with bellying 26, again loads into splint 3 on the boss 2 of weldment 1, and splint 3 cover is established on the screw thread post 4 of boss 2, and threaded connection has first nut 5 on the screw thread post 4, and first nut 5 screws up on the top surface of splint 3, then screws up fastener 6 on splint 3.
According to the invention, the welding flux 31 is melted after reaching the melting point, the first weldment 30 and the second weldment 32 are combined together, and the volume of the second weldment 32 is larger than that of the first weldment 30, so that the second weldment 32 is limited by the convex part 26, and the second weldment 32 is limited in an open manner, so that a stainless steel appliance can be conveniently taken out from the welding workbench 1 at the later stage, and the shape of the convex part 26 is designed according to the shape of the second weldment 32; since the first weldment 30 is small in size and displacement deviation of the first weldment 30 occurs if the first weldment 30 is limited in the same manner as the second weldment 32, the first weldment 30 is fixed on the welding table 1 by the clamping plate 3 and the fastening member 6, and the clamping plate 3 is rotatably connected to the welding table 1.
b. Install weldment work platform 1 on weldment pusher: the first weldment 30, the second weldment 32 and the solder 31 are subjected to quenching heat treatment by using a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, wherein a bracket 12 is arranged inside the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, and the bracket 12 is welded in a heat treatment area on the inner side of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 through a support rod 13. A slide rail 14 is arranged below the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, a slide block 18 is arranged on the slide rail 14, and the slide block 18 reciprocates on the slide rail 14 under the drive of a screw rod motor. A first air cylinder 19 is installed at the top of the sliding block 18, a pushing device is installed at the top of the first air cylinder 19 and comprises a pushing plate 15, a second air cylinder 16 and a pressing block 17, the pushing plate 15 is installed at the top of the first air cylinder 19, the pressing block 17 is rotatably connected to the pushing plate 15, and the second air cylinder 16 is installed on the pushing plate 15. Then, the welding workbench 1 is placed on the pushing plate 15, the welding workbench 1 is located in the area between the second air cylinder 16 and the pressing block 17, and the welding workbench 1 is limited by the second air cylinder 16 and the pressing block 17.
The invention adopts the screw motor to drive the slide block 18 to reciprocate on the slide rail 14, so that the pushing device can enter and exit the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, when the pushing device enters the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, the setting height of the pushing device can be changed through the first air cylinder 19, the welding workbench 1 can be limited on the top of the bracket 12 in the later period, the push plate 15 is positioned between the bottoms of the brackets 12, at this time, the welding workbench 1 is separated from the push plate 15, so that the pushing device can be conveniently withdrawn from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, the welding workbench 1 is left in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 for later operation, because the travel of the slide 18 on the slide rail 14 is controllable, each time the slide 18 reciprocates the same distance on the slide rail 14, the slide block 18 is enabled to return to the initial position, the welding workbench 1 is ensured to be positioned at the same position of the bracket 12, and the high efficiency of quenching heat treatment is ensured.
c. Embedding a first solder member 30, a second solder member 32 and solder 31 on the soldering station 1: the second welding member 32 is embedded and restrained in the boss 26 of the welding table 1, the first welding member 30 is placed on the welding table 1, the position of the first welding member 30 is adjusted, then the fastening member 6 is rotated, the fastening member 6 fixes the first welding member 30, and then the solder 31 is embedded between the first welding member 30 and the second welding member 32.
d. Pushing the welding workbench 1 into a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10: opening an end cover 11 of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, driving by a screw rod motor, enabling a sliding block 18 to move on a sliding rail 14 towards the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, pushing the welding workbench 1 into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, stopping driving by the screw rod motor when the welding workbench 1 is positioned above a bracket 12, then controlling a second air cylinder 16 to retract, controlling a first air cylinder 19 to descend, limiting the welding workbench 1 on the top of the bracket 12, continuously descending a push plate 15 and positioning the push plate between the bottoms of the brackets 12, and separating the welding workbench 1 from the push plate 15 at the moment.
e. The first and second solder parts 30, 32 are joined by solder 31:
(1) the slide block 18 is driven by a screw motor to move on the slide rail 14 away from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, the slide block 18 is returned to the initial position of the slide rail 14, at the moment, the pushing device is returned to the initial position, and then the end cover 11 of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 is closed.
(2) Heating the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 to 800 ℃ under a vacuum condition, when the temperature is heated to above 800 ℃, filling nitrogen into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, heating to 960-1080 ℃ to melt the solder 31, welding and combining the first welding piece 30 and the second welding piece 32, simultaneously carrying out quenching heat treatment, then cooling and tempering at the temperature of 250-320 ℃ to obtain the stainless steel appliance.
f. Taking out the stainless steel appliance:
(1) the end cover 11 of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 is opened, the slide block 18 is driven by the screw rod motor to move towards the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 on the slide rail 14, then the first air cylinder 19 is controlled to ascend, the welding workbench 1 is arranged on the push plate 15, then the second air cylinder 16 is controlled to extend, and the welding workbench 1 is limited by the second air cylinder 16 and the pressing block 17. Then the slide block 18 moves on the slide rail 14 away from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10 through the driving of the screw motor, and the slide block 18 is returned to the initial position of the slide rail 14, at this time, the pushing device is returned to the initial position.
(2) And loosening the fastener 6 on the clamping plate 3, loosening the first nut 5 on the threaded column 4, rotating and opening the clamping plate 3 to ensure that the clamping plate 3 does not limit the first weldment 30, and taking out the stainless steel appliance from the welding workbench 1.
The pressing block 17 and the second air cylinder 16 are matched with each other to clamp and release the welding workbench 1, and if the two symmetrically arranged second air cylinders 16 are used to clamp the welding workbench 1, the welding workbench 1 is unstable, so that the distance between the pressing block 17 and the second air cylinder 16 can be changed by using the pressing block 17 as a fixed limiting point and the second air cylinder 16 as a movable limiting point, the clamping and the release of the welding workbench 1 are realized, the operation can be performed by matching with the movement of the sliding block 18 on the sliding rail 14, the stability of conveying of welding pieces and welding flux 31 is increased, and the condition that the welding workbench 1 is separated from the push plate 15 can be met.
After the welding workbench 1 is assembled, stainless steel pull rods 7 are led into the lug plates 8 on the two sides of the welding workbench 1, second nuts 9 are screwed into the bottoms of the stainless steel pull rods 7, and the second nuts 9 are screwed on the bottom surfaces of the lug plates 8. Because the invention needs to be installed and removed on the welding workbench 1, in order to facilitate the welding workbench 1, the stainless steel pull rod 7 is arranged on the welding workbench 1, and acting force can be exerted on the stainless steel pull rod 7.
The guide rod 20 is welded at the bottom of the push plate 15, the buffering device is mounted at the top of the sliding block 18, the buffering device comprises a buffering shell 21 and a spring 27, the spring 27 is mounted inside the buffering shell 21, the guide rod 20 is inserted into the buffering shell 21, and the guide rod 20 is supported on the spring 27. Before the welding workbench 1 is placed on the push plate 15, the fixture block 28 is clamped on the guide rod 20, the supporting plate 29 welded on the side surface of the fixture block 28 supports the bottom of the push plate 15, and after the first welding piece 30, the second welding piece 32 and the welding flux 31 are embedded on the welding workbench 1, the fixture block 28 is taken out of the guide rod 20. Aiming at the problem that the length of the push plate 15 is long because the push plate 15 needs to extend into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace 10, and the welding workbench 1 increases the possibility of deformation of the push plate 15, the guide rod 20 is welded at the bottom of the push plate 15, and the spring 27 in the buffer device at the top of the sliding block 18 plays a supporting role for the guide rod 20, so that a supporting point can be added on the push plate 15, and the deformation of the push plate 15 is avoided. In addition, when the first welding part 30, the second welding part 32 and the welding flux 31 are embedded, certain acting force is generated on the welding workbench 1, and aiming at the problem, the bottom of the pushing plate 15 is supported by the fixture blocks 28 and the supporting plate 29, so that the bearing capacity of the pushing plate 15 is increased. The pushing plate 15 and the top of the first cylinder 19 are connected by fastening screws, and the guide rod 20 needs to be inserted into the buffer housing 21, so the detachable connection between the pushing plate 15 and the first cylinder 19 is designed in the present invention.
When the welding workbench 1 is placed on the push plate 15, the vertical rod 23 is inserted into the second through hole 24 of the push plate 15, the top of the vertical rod 23 is matched with the first through hole 25 of the welding workbench 1, the pressing block 17 is rotated on the rotating shaft of the push plate 15, the pressing block 17 presses the welding workbench 1, the third nut on the rotating shaft is screwed on the pressing block 17, then the second air cylinder 16 is started, the second air cylinder 16 presses the welding workbench 1, and the welding workbench 1 is limited between the second air cylinder 16 and the pressing block 17. When the welding workbench 1 is installed, the pressing block 17 is still in an open state, in order to enable the welding workbench 1 to be arranged at the same position of the pushing plate 15, the welding workbench 1 is provided with a first through hole 25, the pushing plate 15 is provided with a second through hole 24, and when the vertical rod 23 is communicated into the second through hole 24 of the pushing plate 15 and the first through hole 25 of the welding workbench 1 from bottom to top, the welding workbench 1 is arranged at the designed position of the pushing plate 15. When the stainless steel appliance is taken out of the welding workbench 1, the vertical rod 23 is led into the second through hole 24 of the pushing plate 15 and the first through hole 25 of the welding workbench 1 from bottom to top, and simultaneously, the stainless steel appliance is pushed out of the welding workbench 1 through the pushing action of the vertical rod 23, and then the stainless steel appliance is taken out. Since it is inconvenient to take out the stainless steel tool, the vertical rod 23 may be used to eject the stainless steel tool from the welding table 1.
Adopt limit structure to carry on spacingly to initial state's slider 18, limit structure includes limiting plate 33 and first motor 22, limiting plate 33 rotates to be connected on slide rail 14, first motor 22 is installed on slide rail 14's the outside, when slider 18 slided the initial position of slide rail 14, drive first motor 22, control limiting plate 33 clockwise rotation on slide rail 14, limiting plate 33 carries out spacingly to slider 18 this moment, when needing slider 18 to move on slide rail 14, drive first motor 22, control limiting plate 33 anticlockwise rotates on slide rail 14, limiting plate 33 level setting this moment, it is spacing to not carry out slider 18. When the sliding block 18 is at the initial position of the sliding rail 14, the invention is used for installing and taking out the welding workbench 1, so that the sliding block 18 is limited by the limiting plate 33, and the stability and the safety of the sliding block 18 are improved.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. assembling a welding workbench: integrally forming a welding workbench according to the shapes of the first weldment and the second weldment, wherein the top surface of the welding workbench is provided with a convex part, then installing a clamping plate on a boss of the welding workbench, the clamping plate is sleeved on a threaded column of the boss, the threaded column is in threaded connection with a first nut, the first nut is screwed on the top surface of the clamping plate, and then a fastener is screwed in the clamping plate through threads;
b. installing the welding workbench on a weldment pushing device: carrying out quenching heat treatment on a first weldment, a second weldment and a welding flux by using a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, wherein a bracket is arranged in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace and is welded on the inner side of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace through a support rod, a slide rail is arranged below the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, a slide block is arranged on the slide rail and is driven by a lead screw motor, the slide block reciprocates on the slide rail, a first air cylinder is arranged at the top of the slide block, a pushing device is arranged at the top of the first air cylinder and comprises a pushing plate, a second air cylinder and a pressing block, the pushing plate is arranged on the top of the first air cylinder, the pressing block is rotatably connected onto the pushing plate, the second air cylinder is arranged on the pushing plate, then a welding workbench is placed on the pushing plate, the welding workbench is positioned in an area between the second air cylinder and the pressing block, and the welding workbench is limited;
c. embedding a first weldment, a second weldment and solder on a soldering station: embedding and limiting the second weldment in a protruding part of a welding workbench, then placing the first weldment on the welding workbench, adjusting the position of the first weldment, then rotating a fastener, fixing the first weldment by the fastener, and then embedding solder between the first weldment and the second weldment;
d. pushing the welding workbench into a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace: opening an end cover of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, driving the sliding block to move on the sliding rail towards the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace through a lead screw motor, pushing a welding workbench into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, stopping driving the lead screw motor when the welding workbench is positioned above a bracket, then controlling a second air cylinder to retract, then controlling a first air cylinder to descend, limiting the welding workbench on the top of the bracket, positioning a push plate between the bottoms of the brackets, and separating the welding workbench from the push plate;
e. bonding the first and second solder parts by solder:
(1) the sliding block is driven by a screw rod motor to move on the sliding rail away from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, the sliding block is returned to the initial position of the sliding rail, the pushing device is returned to the initial position at the moment, and then the end cover of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace is closed;
(2) heating a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace to 800 ℃ under a vacuum condition, when the temperature is heated to above 800 ℃, filling nitrogen into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, heating to 960-1080 ℃ to melt solder, welding and combining a first weldment and a second weldment, simultaneously carrying out quenching heat treatment, then cooling and tempering at the temperature of 250-320 ℃ to obtain a stainless steel appliance;
f. taking out the stainless steel appliance:
(1) opening an end cover of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace, driving the sliding block to move on the sliding rail towards the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace through a lead screw motor, controlling a first air cylinder to ascend, arranging a welding workbench on a push plate, controlling a second air cylinder to extend, limiting the welding workbench through the second air cylinder and a pressing block, driving the sliding block to move on the sliding rail away from the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace through the lead screw motor, returning the sliding block to the initial position of the sliding rail, and returning the pushing device to the initial position;
(2) and loosening the fastener on the clamping plate, loosening the first nut on the threaded column, rotating and opening the clamping plate to ensure that the clamping plate is not limited to the first weldment, and then taking out the stainless steel appliance from the welding workbench.
2. The high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and after the welding workbench is assembled, stainless steel pull rods are introduced into the lug plates on the two sides of the welding workbench, second nuts are screwed into the bottoms of the stainless steel pull rods, and the second nuts are screwed on the bottom surfaces of the lug plates.
3. The high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom welding of push plate has the guide bar, buffer is installed at the top of slider, this buffer includes buffering casing and spring, the spring mounting is in the inside of buffering casing, the guide bar inserts and cushions in the casing, the guide bar supports on the spring, before push plate is placed at the weldment work platform, the fixture block is gone into to the card on the guide bar, fixture block side welded backup pad supports push plate's bottom, work as embedding first weldment on the weldment work platform, second weldment and solder accomplish the back, take out the fixture block from the guide bar.
4. The high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pushing plate is connected with the top of the first cylinder through a fastening screw.
5. The high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the welding workbench is placed on the pushing plate, the vertical rod is inserted into the second through hole of the pushing plate, the top of the vertical rod is matched with the first through hole of the welding workbench, the pressing block is rotated on the rotating shaft of the pushing plate, the pressing block presses the welding workbench tightly, the third nut on the rotating shaft is screwed on the pressing block, then the second cylinder is started, the second cylinder presses the welding workbench tightly, and the welding workbench is limited between the second cylinder and the pressing block; when the stainless steel appliance is taken out of the welding workbench, the vertical rod is led into the second through hole of the pushing plate and the first through hole of the welding workbench from bottom to top, and simultaneously the stainless steel appliance is ejected out of the welding workbench through the pushing action of the vertical rod, and then the stainless steel appliance is taken out.
6. The high-temperature oxygen-free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: adopt limit structure to carry on spacingly to initial state's slider, limit structure includes limiting plate and first motor, the limiting plate rotates to be connected on the slide rail, first motor is installed on the outside of slide rail, when the initial position of slide rail is slided to the slider, drive first motor, control limiting plate clockwise rotation on the slide rail, the limiting plate carries on spacingly to the slider this moment, when needs the slider to move on the slide rail, drive first motor, control limiting plate anticlockwise rotates on the slide rail, the limiting plate level setting this moment, do not carry on spacingly to the slider.
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Denomination of invention: A high temperature oxygen free vacuum welding and bright heat treatment process for stainless steel Effective date of registration: 20220125 Granted publication date: 20211109 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Xinchang county subbranch Pledgor: XINCHANG GREAT WALL AIR-CONDITIONING PARTS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022330000174 |
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Date of cancellation: 20230323 Granted publication date: 20211109 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Xinchang county subbranch Pledgor: XINCHANG GREAT WALL AIR-CONDITIONING PARTS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022330000174 |
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