CN111686948A - Dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and geotechnical centrifuge - Google Patents
Dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and geotechnical centrifuge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111686948A CN111686948A CN202010653320.2A CN202010653320A CN111686948A CN 111686948 A CN111686948 A CN 111686948A CN 202010653320 A CN202010653320 A CN 202010653320A CN 111686948 A CN111686948 A CN 111686948A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
- B04B13/003—Rotor identification systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of centrifuge balance, and particularly discloses a dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and a geotechnical centrifuge, which comprise a first pressure container and a second pressure container, wherein the first pressure container and the second pressure container are respectively arranged on two sides of a rotating shaft axis of a rotating device; the first pressure container and the second pressure container have the same structure and comprise a shell, a piston is arranged in the shell to separate the inner cavity of the shell into a gas cavity and a liquid cavity, and the liquid cavities of the first pressure container and the second pressure container are communicated through a communicating pipeline; and the output end of the control unit is communicated with the gas cavities of the first pressure container and the second pressure container. The invention has the advantages that the total amount of the liquid is kept constant, and the gas pressure and the gas amount in the pressure containers at two sides can be supplied and exhausted at proper time according to requirements, so that the reciprocating balancing process has no accumulative effect, and reciprocating continuous reversible adjustment can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of centrifuge balance, in particular to a dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and a geotechnical centrifuge.
Background
In the normal operation process of the geotechnical centrifuge, the rotating arm of the centrifuge can generate slow/instantaneous loading and sustainable unbalanced force due to various factors such as the state change of the mass center of a test piece in a hanging basket, unbalanced distribution of the rotating arm and the like. When the unbalanced force exceeds a certain threshold value, the stress state of a main shaft and each key part of the equipment is obviously deteriorated, and the vibration, strain, noise and the like of the equipment in operation are aggravated, so that a plurality of adverse effects are caused; excessive unbalanced force will force the centrifuge to enter an emergency braking shutdown state or directly cause serious accidents such as the overturning of the centrifuge and the like. Therefore, the dynamic balancing system is an important system for ensuring safe and reliable operation of the equipment. With the increase of the G value of the geotechnical centrifuge, higher and higher requirements are put forward on the balancing capacity and the balancing speed of a balancing system.
The most common balancing method is mass balancing by moving a counterweight. The balancing method of the motor-driven movable balance weight is to use a motor as a power source and use a spiral feeding device as an executing element to drive the balance weight to move in a translation way along a screw rod, so as to realize dynamic balancing (the patent number of an online dynamic balance adjusting mechanism of the geotechnical centrifuge: 201210112913.3). The hydraulic dynamic balancing system is a dynamic balancing method of a centrifuge by using a hydraulic cylinder as a power source and directly driving a balancing weight to move (the dynamic balancing system and the centrifuge with the dynamic balancing system have patent numbers of 201810581694.0). The mode based on moving the balancing mass block has slow balancing response speed and very limited balancing capacity, and the driving system is difficult to reliably work in a large centrifugal field with a high G value.
Patent 201320405085.2 new type balance self-adjusting system of geotechnical centrifuge and patent 201810843902.X dynamic balance adjusting system of geotechnical centrifuge disclose a method for realizing dynamic balancing by using additional centrifugal force generated by water under a centrifugal field, but the balancing method based on the autonomous flow of liquid under the centrifugal field has large balancing error, and water can only be discharged in one direction and can not return reversely, and the balancing method has no reversible adjusting capability and is limited in balancing capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and a geotechnical centrifuge.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a dynamic unbalance force adjusting system comprises a first pressure container and a second pressure container, wherein the first pressure container and the second pressure container are respectively arranged on two sides of a rotating axis of a rotating device, and the first pressure container and the second pressure container are symmetrically distributed along the rotating axis of the rotating device;
the first pressure container and the second pressure container have the same structure and comprise a shell, a piston is arranged in the shell to separate an inner cavity of the shell into a gas cavity and a liquid cavity, and the liquid cavities of the first pressure container and the second pressure container are communicated through a communicating pipe; the liquid transfer device further comprises a control unit, wherein the output end of the control unit is communicated with the gas cavities of the first pressure container and the second pressure container, and the control unit changes the pressure in the gas cavities to transfer liquid in the liquid cavities of the first pressure container and the second pressure container.
Specifically, the control unit comprises an air inlet branch and an air outlet branch, the air inlet branch comprises a ground air supply branch and an airborne air supply branch, the ground air supply branch comprises a ground air supply pipeline, an electric proportional valve, a second pilot electromagnetic valve and a third pilot electromagnetic valve, one end of the ground air supply pipeline is communicated with an air inlet end of the electric proportional valve, air outlet ends of the electric proportional valve are communicated with air inlet ends of the second pilot electromagnetic valve and the third pilot electromagnetic valve, an air outlet end of the second pilot electromagnetic valve is communicated with a gas cavity of the first pressure container, and an air outlet end of the third pilot electromagnetic valve is communicated with a gas cavity of the second pressure container;
the air outlet end of the airborne air supply branch is communicated with the air inlet end of the electric proportional valve;
and the gas inlet end of the exhaust branch is communicated with the gas cavities of the first pressure container and the second pressure container.
Specifically, the exhaust branch comprises a first pilot electromagnetic valve and a fourth pilot electromagnetic valve, a gas cavity of the first pressure container is communicated with a gas inlet end of the first pilot electromagnetic valve, a gas outlet end of the first pilot electromagnetic valve is communicated with a first exhaust pipeline, a gas cavity of the second pressure container is communicated with a gas inlet end of the fourth pilot electromagnetic valve, and a gas outlet end of the fourth pilot electromagnetic valve is communicated with a second exhaust pipeline.
Specifically, airborne air supply branch road sets up on rotary device, and it includes gas holder, manual stop valve, relief pressure valve, the end of giving vent to anger of gas holder communicates with the inlet end of manual stop valve, the end of giving vent to anger of manual stop valve communicates with the inlet end of relief pressure valve, the outlet end of relief pressure valve communicate the inlet end of electric proportional valve after converging with ground air supply line.
Specifically, the piston is in sliding fit with an inner cavity of the shell, and a sealing element is arranged on a contact surface of the piston and the inner cavity of the shell.
Specifically, the output end of the first exhaust pipeline is communicated with a first throttle valve, and the first throttle valve is communicated with a first silencer; and the output end of the second exhaust pipeline is communicated with a second throttle valve, and the second throttle valve is communicated with a second silencer.
Specifically, a gas pressure meter is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the gas storage tank with the manual stop valve, and a first gas pressure sensor for detecting the gas cavity pressure of the first pressure container and a first liquid pressure sensor for detecting the liquid cavity pressure of the first pressure container are arranged on the first pressure container; and the second pressure container is provided with a second air pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the air cavity of the second pressure container and a second liquid pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the liquid cavity of the second pressure container.
Specifically, a protective electromagnetic valve is arranged on the communicating pipe.
A geotechnical centrifuge comprises a rotating arm, a rotating arm support, a rotating main shaft and a dynamic unbalance force adjusting system, wherein the rotating arm is fixed on the rotating arm support and symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating arm support; the gas holder of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is fixed on the rotary main shaft through a tool, and a manual stop valve, a pressure reducing valve, an electric proportional valve, a first pilot electromagnetic valve, a second pilot electromagnetic valve, a third pilot electromagnetic valve, a fourth pilot electromagnetic valve, a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a first silencer, a second silencer and a protection electromagnetic valve integrated valve group of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system are fixedly arranged on the rotary arm support.
Specifically, the first pressure container and the second pressure container are fixed on the rotating arm through a connecting tool, and a pipeline of a communicating pipe of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is fixed on the rotating arm through a hoop.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. double imbalance force adjustment capability. The total amount of liquid in a communicating vessel consisting of the two pressure containers is kept constant, and the liquid amount on one side of the rotating arm is increased and the liquid amount on the other side of the rotating arm is reduced in the liquid transferring process under the action of the gas pressure difference, so that the liquid transferring process of unit mass of liquid can generate a twice balancing force effect under a centrifugal field, and the balancing capacity and the balancing efficiency are obviously improved.
2. And the system has quick response capability. The power source of the system adopts high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas has the advantage of quick response. Meanwhile, the system can supply air at one side and exhaust air at the opposite side, and can effectively reduce the indexes of air supply pressure and air supply quantity. The system response is faster and the efficiency is higher.
3. The system can realize reciprocating continuous reversible regulation. The total amount of liquid of the system is kept constant, and the gas pressure and the gas amount in the pressure containers on the two sides can be supplied and exhausted timely according to requirements, so that the reciprocating balancing process has no accumulative effect, and the system is superior to the traditional horizontal balancing method in that reciprocating continuous reversible adjustment can be realized.
4. Can work reliably in a large centrifugal field. The balancing system of the invention utilizes high-pressure gas as an actuator to carry out balancing work, avoids the problem that a motor system cannot reliably work in a large centrifugal field, is suitable for the working state in the large centrifugal field with high G value, and has stronger balancing capability in the large centrifugal field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic imbalance force adjustment system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a first pressure vessel and a second pressure vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a geotechnical centrifuge configuration having a dynamic imbalance force adjustment system in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 1-boom support, 2-boom, 3-rotating spindle, 4-first pressure vessel, 5-second pressure vessel, 6-communicating vessel line, 7-gas tank, 8-valve bank, 9-connecting tool, 10-housing, 11-gas chamber, 12-liquid chamber, 13-piston, 14-sealing member, 15-protective solenoid valve, 16-first pilot solenoid valve, 17-second pilot solenoid valve, 18-third pilot solenoid valve, 19-fourth pilot solenoid valve, 20-electric proportional valve, 21-pressure reducing valve, 22-manual stop valve, 24-first throttle valve, 25-first muffler, 26-second throttle valve, 27-second muffler, 28-rotary joint, 29-first liquid pressure sensor, 30-first air pressure sensor, 31-second air pressure sensor, 32-second liquid pressure sensor, 33-barometer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a dynamic unbalance force adjusting system includes a first pressure vessel 4 and a second pressure vessel 5, wherein the first pressure vessel 4 and the second pressure vessel 5 are respectively disposed at two sides of a rotation axis of a rotating device, and the first pressure vessel 4 and the second pressure vessel 5 are symmetrically distributed about the rotation axis of the rotating device;
the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 are identical in structure and comprise a shell 10, the middle structures of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 are cylindrical, two end parts of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 are ellipsoidal, so that the first pressure container and the second pressure container 5 have high pressure-bearing and pressure-resisting capabilities, a piston 13 is arranged in the shell 10 to separate the inner cavity of the shell 10 into a gas cavity 11 and a liquid cavity 12, pressure oil or water is injected into the liquid cavity 12, high-pressure gas in the gas cavity 11 can be high-pressure air, nitrogen or other inert gases, and the top of the shell 10, which is positioned on the side of the liquid cavity 12, is provided with a normally closed liquid changing port for primary liquid; the liquid port is positioned below the middle part of the ellipsoidal end cover and fixedly connected with the liquid pressure sensor and the communicating vessel pipeline 6. The gas side ellipsoid end cover of the pressure container is provided with an air pressure sensor interface and an air source interface which are respectively connected with the air pressure sensor and the pipeline of the control unit, and the liquid cavities 12 of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 are communicated through a communicating vessel pipeline 6; the device also comprises a control unit, the output end of the control unit is communicated with the gas cavity 11 of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5, and the control unit changes the pressure in the gas cavity 11 to transfer the liquid in the liquid cavity 12 of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5. The technical scheme is mainly used for carrying out balance adjustment on the rotating arm 2 of the geotechnical centrifuge and can also be used in other fields needing balance force adjustment; in the normal operation process of the geotechnical centrifuge, as the mass center state of a test piece in a hanging basket changes, the rotating arm 2 is not balanced, and other factors can cause the rotating arm 2 of the centrifuge to generate slow/instantaneous loading and sustainable unbalanced force, when the unbalanced force exceeds a certain threshold value, the stress state of a main shaft and each key part of equipment is obviously deteriorated, the vibration, strain, noise and the like of the operation of the equipment are aggravated, and a plurality of adverse effects are caused, the existing system for adjusting the balanced force of the rotating arm 2 has the defects of large balancing error and irreversible adjustment only in one direction, in order to solve the problems, two first pressure containers 4 and second pressure containers 5 which have the same structure are symmetrically arranged at two sides of a rotating device, a gas cavity 11 and a liquid cavity 12 are arranged in the rotating device, and are separated by a piston 13, so that the volumes of the gas cavity 11 and the liquid cavity 12 can be changed when the piston 13 moves in, the liquid cavities 12 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 are communicated, and the total amount of the liquid stored in the liquid cavities 12 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is unchanged, so that the liquid in the liquid cavities 12 of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is mutually transferred through the communicating vessel pipeline 6, the storage amount of the liquid in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 can be changed, the weight of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is further changed, the weight ratio of the rotating arm of the rotating device can be changed when the liquid is amplified to the rotating device, and the effect of balance adjustment can be achieved through the mode; in specific implementation, the pressure of the gas cavity 11 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is controlled only by controlling the pressure of the gas cavity 11 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5, so that the liquid in the liquid cavity 12 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 can be transferred, and the pressure of the gas cavity 11 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is controlled by a control unit which changes the pressure of the gas cavity 11 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 by supplying gas to the gas cavity 11 in the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5;
the principle to be followed when performing gas pressure control: the gas pressure in the pressure vessel should follow the principle of minimum pressure, the principle of differential pressure and the principle of low pressure.
Minimum pressure principle: to ensure the basic physical conditions for constructing the communicating vessel, i.e. to ensure the continuity of the liquid in the conduit under the centrifugal field, the minimum gas pressure within the pressure vessel should at least overcome the static pressure of the liquid in the conduit of the communicating vessel under the centrifugal field. Namely, it is
Where Pmin is the lowest gas pressure, ρ is the liquid density, ω max is the centrifuge maximum angular velocity, and l is the maximum distance of the liquid farthest position from the center of rotation of the rotating device.
Pressure difference principle: the gas pressure difference in the pressure containers at two sides and the liquid level pressure difference under the centrifugal field are always kept balanced, namely PLeft qi-PRight qi＝PRight liquid-PLiquid medicine for treating chronic gastritis；
In the formula, PLeft qiIs the gas pressure of the first pressure vessel 4, PRight qiIs the gas pressure of the second pressure vessel 5, PLiquid medicine for treating chronic gastritisIs the liquid pressure of the first pressure vessel 4, PRight liquidIs the second pressure vessel 5 liquid pressure.
Low pressure principle: in order to ensure the safe operation of the system, the gas pressure in the pressure containers at the two sides is not too high, and the working pressure at the low-pressure gas side is set to be the minimum pressure Pmin all the time. Specifically, when the control unit performs charging pressurization to the right side pressure container, the liquid in the right side pressure container is transferred to the left side pressure container under the principle of pressure difference, and the left side gas pressure is increased due to the fact that the liquid amount is increased and the gas side volume is compressed under the condition that the total volume of the left side pressure container is not changed, and at the moment, the increased left side gas pressure needs to be exhausted and decompressed to the minimum pressure Pmin under the principle of low pressure.
As shown in fig. 1, the control unit includes an air inlet branch and an air outlet branch, the air inlet branch includes a ground air supply branch and an airborne air supply branch, the ground air supply branch includes a ground air supply pipeline, an electric proportional valve 20, a second pilot electromagnetic valve 17 and a third pilot electromagnetic valve 18, one end of the ground air supply pipeline is communicated with an air inlet end of the electric proportional valve 20, an air outlet end of the electric proportional valve 20 is communicated with air inlet ends of the second pilot electromagnetic valve 17 and the third pilot electromagnetic valve 18, the air outlet end of the second pilot electromagnetic valve 17 is communicated with the air cavity 11 of the first pressure container 4, and the air outlet end of the third pilot electromagnetic valve 18 is communicated with the air cavity 11 of the second pressure container 5;
the air outlet end of the onboard air supply branch is communicated with the air inlet end of the electric proportional valve 20;
the air inlet end of the exhaust branch is communicated with the air cavities 11 of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5, when in use, the air inlet branch supplies air to the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5, the ground air supply branch is used as a main air source, the airborne air supply branch is used as an auxiliary air source, when in adjustment, the ground air source inputs air to the electric proportional valve 20 through a ground air supply pipeline, the air is adjusted to preset air pressure through the electric proportional valve and then is respectively introduced into the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 through the second pilot electromagnetic valve 17 and the third pilot electromagnetic valve 18, the second pilot electromagnetic valve 17 and the third pilot electromagnetic valve 18 are both normally closed pilot valves, when in balance, one of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is determined to be pressurized according to the detected unbalance force, the normally closed pilot valve corresponding to the pressure container to be pressurized is opened, the normally closed pilot valve of the other pressure container is controlled to be in a closed state, meanwhile, the exhaust branch of the other pressure container is opened to exhaust, so that the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 can perform liquid transfer under the action of differential pressure, the indexes of air supply pressure and air supply quantity can be effectively reduced, the air pressure is kept to be Pmin according to a low-pressure principle during exhaust, and after the unbalanced force of the system is reduced to be below a threshold value, the pilot-operated electromagnetic valves are closed.
As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust branch includes a first pilot solenoid valve 16 and a fourth pilot solenoid valve 19, the gas cavity 11 of the first pressure vessel 4 communicates with an air inlet of the first pilot solenoid valve 16, an air outlet of the first pilot solenoid valve 16 communicates with a first exhaust pipe, the gas cavity 11 of the second pressure vessel 5 communicates with an air inlet of the fourth pilot solenoid valve 19, an air outlet of the fourth pilot solenoid valve 19 communicates with a second exhaust pipe, an output end of the first exhaust pipe communicates with a first throttle valve 24, and the first throttle valve 24 communicates with a first muffler 25; the output end of the second exhaust pipe is communicated with a second throttle valve 26, and the second throttle valve 26 is communicated with a second silencer 27. The gas discharged from the first pressure vessel 4 and the second pressure vessel 5 is decompressed and throttled by the first throttle valve 24 and the second throttle valve 26, respectively, and then discharged through the muffler, and during the exhaust, the exhaust is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the first pilot solenoid valve 16 and the fourth pilot solenoid valve 19.
As shown in fig. 1, the airborne air supply branch is arranged on the rotating device and comprises an air storage tank 7, a manual stop valve 22 and a pressure reducing valve 21, the air outlet end of the air storage tank 7 is communicated with the air inlet end of the manual stop valve 22, the air outlet end of the manual stop valve 22 is communicated with the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve 21, and the air outlet end of the pressure reducing valve 21 is communicated with the air inlet end of the electric proportional valve 20 after being converged by a ground air supply pipeline. The air storage tanks 7 in the embodiment are provided in plurality, the pressure of high-pressure air in the air storage tanks 7 is 15MPa, the air outlet ends of the air storage tanks 7 are converged and then communicated with the manual stop valve 22, the pressure is finally reduced by the pressure reducing valve 21 and then converged with a ground air supply pipeline, and the pressure reduced by the pressure reducing valve is usually 1-3 MPa.
As shown in fig. 3, the piston 13 is slidably fitted in the inner cavity of the housing 10, and a sealing member 14 is disposed on a surface of the piston 13 contacting the inner cavity of the housing 10.
Furthermore, a gas pressure gauge 33 is arranged on a pipeline of the gas storage tank 7 communicated with the manual stop valve 22, and a first gas pressure sensor 30 for detecting the pressure of the gas cavity 11 of the first pressure container 4 and a first liquid pressure sensor 29 for detecting the pressure of the liquid cavity 12 of the first pressure container 4 are arranged on the first pressure container 4; the second pressure vessel 5 is provided with a second gas pressure sensor 31 for detecting the pressure of the gas chamber 11 of the second pressure vessel 5 and a second liquid pressure sensor 32 for detecting the pressure of the liquid chamber 12 of the second pressure vessel 5.
Further, a protection electromagnetic valve 15 is arranged on the communicating vessel pipeline 6, the protection electromagnetic valve 15 is opened when the balancing is needed, and the power failure and the normal close are realized when the balancing is not needed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the total amount of liquid in the pressure containers on the two sides of the rotating device and the pipeline of the communicating device is kept constant, the gas pressure difference and the liquid level pressure difference in the pressure containers on the two sides are kept balanced, liquid transfer in the pressure containers on the two sides is realized by regulating and controlling the gas pressure difference on the two sides, and the dynamic compensation of the unbalanced force of the rotating device is realized by utilizing the additional centrifugal force generated by the moving liquid amount under a centrifugal field.
A method for adjusting dynamic unbalance force of a centrifuge;
s1, in the normal operation process of the centrifuge, when the unbalanced force of the rotating arm 2 is monitored, the balancing system is started;
s2, firstly, according to the magnitude and direction of the unbalanced force, the control system calculates the transfer water amount and the target balanced gas pressure required by balancing;
s3, adjusting the electric proportional valve 20 to the target balance gas pressure;
s4, the protection electromagnetic valve 15 is opened, the pilot type normally closed electromagnetic valve of the air supply branch on the side needing to be boosted is opened, the pressure container on the unbalanced force side is pressurized and supplied with air, and liquid in the pressure container is transferred to the opposite side from the pressure container on the side generating the unbalanced force according to the principle of pressure difference;
s5, opening a pilot type normally closed electromagnetic valve of the opposite side exhaust branch, and keeping the gas pressure Pmin according to a low-pressure principle;
s6, when the unbalanced force of the system is reduced to be below a threshold value, closing the protection electromagnetic valve 15, and closing each pilot-operated normally closed electromagnetic valve;
s7, when the dynamic balancing process overshoots, a reverse unbalanced force is generated on the opposite side of the boom 2, etc., it is performed according to the steps S2 to S6 under the minimum pressure principle and the low pressure principle.
A geotechnical centrifuge, comprising a rotating arm 2, a rotating arm support 1 and a rotating main shaft 3, the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the rotating arm 2 is fixed on the rotating arm support 1 and is symmetrically arranged around the rotating arm support 1, the rotating arm support 1 is fixedly connected with the rotating main shaft 3, and a first pressure container 4 and a second pressure container 5 of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system are symmetrically arranged on the rotating arm 2 at two sides of the rotating arm support 1 around the rotating arm support 1; the gas cavity 11 of the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 is close to the rotating spindle 3, the liquid cavity 12 is far away from the rotating spindle 3, the gas storage tank 7 of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is fixed on the rotating spindle 3 through a tool, the manual stop valve 22, the pressure reducing valve 21, the electric proportional valve 20, the first pilot electromagnetic valve 16, the second pilot electromagnetic valve 17, the third pilot electromagnetic valve 18, the fourth pilot electromagnetic valve 19, the first throttle valve 24, the second throttle valve 26, the first silencer 25, the second silencer 27 and the protection electromagnetic valve 15 of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system are integrated into a valve group 8, and the valve group 8 is fixedly arranged on the rotating arm support 1.
Furthermore, the first pressure vessel 4 and the second pressure vessel 5 are fixed on the rotating arm 2 through a connecting tool 9, and a pipeline of a communicating device of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is fixed on the rotating arm 2 through a hoop. In the scheme, the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is applied to the geotechnical centrifuge to perform dynamic balance adjustment on the rotating arm 2 of the geotechnical centrifuge, and the manual stop valve 22, the pressure reducing valve 21, the electric proportional valve 20, the first pilot electromagnetic valve 16, the second pilot electromagnetic valve 17, the third pilot electromagnetic valve 18, the fourth pilot electromagnetic valve 19, the first throttle valve 24, the second throttle valve 26, the first silencer 25, the second silencer 27 and the protective electromagnetic valve 15 are arranged in a centralized manner to form the modular valve bank 8, so that the installation is convenient, and the geotechnical centrifuge works at a high G value, therefore, the centrifugal force is generated more and more as the distance from the rotation center is increased, and in order to reduce the influence of the centrifugal field environment on valves and electronic devices, the centrifugal field environment is arranged near the rotation main shaft 3 with small centrifugal field gradient, namely on the rotating arm support 1 and fixed on the rotating arm support 1 by welding. The rotary main shaft is provided with a rotary joint 28, and a ground air supply pipeline is communicated with the electric proportional valve 20 after passing through the rotary joint 28.
The working principle of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system on the geotechnical centrifuge is as follows:
1. the method for calculating the magnitude of the balancing force of the dynamic system comprises the following steps:
in the formula, delta F is the balancing force, G is the current working G value of the centrifugal machine, l is the distance between the centers of the two pressure containers, r is the effective radius of the centrifugal machine, and delta m is the transferred liquid mass.
2. The maximum balancing capacity calculation method of the dynamic balancing system comprises the following steps:
wherein Gmax is the maximum working G value of the centrifuge, rho is the liquid density, and V is the volume of the pressure container.
3. In the actual valve group device model selection and use process, the high-pressure valve group device model selection and implementation difficulty is large, in order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system, the working pressure of the balancing system is preferably below 3MPa, and the maximum working pressure is not more than 5 MPa.
4. Debugging step for initial installation of system
1) Initial state: the tank body, the tool bracket, the pipeline and each sensor are completely installed;
2) the protection electromagnetic valve 15 of the communicating vessel pipeline is closed, the air inlet branch is closed, the air exhaust branch is opened, and the gas in the pressure container is communicated with the atmosphere;
3) opening the normally closed liquid exchange port and injecting liquid to reduce the volume of the compressed gas side of the piston 13 to be less than 1/2 total volume and ensure that no residual gas exists on the liquid side; the first pressure container 4 and the second pressure container 5 are both provided with liquid changing ports
4) Keeping the liquid changing port open, closing the exhaust branch, opening the air inlet branch and slowly supplying air, and pushing the piston 13 to enable the excessive liquid in the pressure container to overflow from the liquid changing port;
5) when the piston 13 moves to a designated middle position, the liquid exchange port is closed;
6) the air inlet branch continues supplying air until the air pressure in the pressure container reaches the set lowest pressure Pmin.
5. System safety and fault protection method
1) And (3) powering down a system:
the protection electromagnetic valve 15 of the communicating vessel pipeline is closed, and the balancing function is locked; all the pilot-operated normally closed solenoid valves are closed, and the gas circuit is closed, so that the system is automatically in a safe state in a power-off state.
2) Gas related failures:
1) and (3) pressure loss of an air source: all pilot-operated normally closed solenoid valves are in a closed state, the gas circuit is closed, the liquid state is unchanged, and the balancing function is locked; the system is automatically in a safe state.
2) And (3) pressure relief of gas in the pressure tank: the protective electromagnetic valve 15 is closed, water and gas in the pressure tank are separated, the liquid state is unchanged, and the balancing function is locked; the system is automatically in a safe state.
3) Liquid related failure:
leakage of tank/pipeline liquid: if liquid leakage occurs, the liquid pressure sensor can detect the pressure abnormity, and emergency shutdown operation is required at the moment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the described embodiments, or modify equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technology of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention, unless the content of the technical solution of the present invention is departed from.
Claims (10)
1. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, comprising: the device comprises a first pressure container (4) and a second pressure container (5), wherein the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5) are respectively arranged on two sides of a rotating axis of a rotating device, and the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5) are symmetrically distributed on the rotating axis of the rotating device;
the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5) are identical in structure and comprise a shell (10), a piston (13) is arranged in the shell (10) to separate the inner cavity of the shell (10) to form a gas cavity (11) and a liquid cavity (12), and the liquid cavities (12) of the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5) are communicated through a communicating vessel pipeline (6); the liquid transfer device further comprises a control unit, the output end of the control unit is communicated with the gas cavity (11) of the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5), and the control unit changes the pressure in the gas cavity (11) to transfer liquid in the liquid cavity (12) of the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5).
2. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, as in claim 1, wherein: the control unit comprises an air inlet branch and an air exhaust branch, the air inlet branch comprises a ground air supply branch and an airborne air supply branch, the ground air supply branch comprises a ground air supply pipeline, an electric proportional valve (20), a second pilot electromagnetic valve (17) and a third pilot electromagnetic valve (18), one end of the ground air supply pipeline is communicated with an air inlet end of the electric proportional valve (20), an air outlet end of the electric proportional valve (20) is communicated with air inlet ends of the second pilot electromagnetic valve (17) and the third pilot electromagnetic valve (18), an air outlet end of the second pilot electromagnetic valve (17) is communicated with a gas cavity (11) of the first pressure container (4), and an air outlet end of the third pilot electromagnetic valve (18) is communicated with a gas cavity (11) of the second pressure container (5);
the air outlet end of the airborne air supply branch is communicated with the air inlet end of an electric proportional valve (20);
and the gas inlet end of the exhaust branch is communicated with the gas cavities (11) of the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5).
3. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, as in claim 2, wherein: the exhaust branch comprises a first pilot electromagnetic valve (16) and a fourth pilot electromagnetic valve (19), a gas cavity (11) of the first pressure container (4) is communicated with a gas inlet end of the first pilot electromagnetic valve (16), a gas outlet end of the first pilot electromagnetic valve (16) is communicated with a first exhaust pipeline, a gas cavity (11) of the second pressure container (5) is communicated with a gas inlet end of the fourth pilot electromagnetic valve (19), and a gas outlet end of the fourth pilot electromagnetic valve (19) is communicated with a second exhaust pipeline.
4. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, as in claim 2, wherein: the airborne air supply branch is arranged on the rotating device and comprises an air storage tank (7), a manual stop valve (22) and a pressure reducing valve (21), the air outlet end of the air storage tank (7) is communicated with the air inlet end of the manual stop valve (22), the air outlet end of the manual stop valve (22) is communicated with the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve (21), and the air outlet end of the pressure reducing valve (21) is communicated with the air inlet end of the electric proportional valve (20) after being converged by a ground air supply pipeline.
5. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system according to claim 1, wherein: the piston (13) is in sliding fit with the inner cavity of the shell (10), and a sealing piece (14) is arranged on the surface, in contact with the inner cavity of the shell (10), of the piston (13).
6. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, as in claim 3, wherein: the output end of the first exhaust pipeline is communicated with a first throttle valve (24), and the first throttle valve (24) is communicated with a first silencer (25); the output end of the second exhaust pipeline is communicated with a second throttle valve (26), and the second throttle valve (26) is communicated with a second silencer (27).
7. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, as in claim 4, wherein: a pipeline of the air storage tank (7) communicated with the manual stop valve (22) is provided with an air pressure gauge (33), and the first pressure container (4) is provided with a first air pressure sensor (30) for detecting the pressure of the air cavity (11) of the first pressure container (4) and a first liquid pressure sensor (29) for detecting the pressure of the liquid cavity (12) of the first pressure container (4); and a second air pressure sensor (31) for detecting the pressure of the air cavity (11) of the second pressure container (5) and a second liquid pressure sensor (32) for detecting the pressure of the liquid cavity (12) of the second pressure container (5) are arranged on the second pressure container (5).
8. A dynamic imbalance force adjustment system, as in claim 1, wherein: and a protective electromagnetic valve (15) is arranged on the communicating vessel pipeline (6).
9. A geotechnical centrifuge which is characterized in that: the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system comprises a rotating arm (2), a rotating arm support (1) and a rotating main shaft (3), and the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rotating arm (2) is fixed on the rotating arm support (1) and symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating arm support (1), the rotating arm support (1) is fixedly connected with the rotating main shaft (3), and a first pressure container (4) and a second pressure container (5) of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system are symmetrically arranged on the rotating arm (2) at two sides of the rotating arm support (1) relative to the rotating arm support (1); the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is characterized in that a gas storage tank (7) of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is fixed on a rotating main shaft (3) through a tool, a manual stop valve (22), a pressure reducing valve (21), an electric proportional valve (20), a first pilot electromagnetic valve (16), a second pilot electromagnetic valve (17), a third pilot electromagnetic valve (18), a fourth pilot electromagnetic valve (19), a first throttle valve (24), a second throttle valve (26), a first silencer (25), a second silencer (27) and a protection electromagnetic valve (15) integrated valve bank (8) of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system are fixedly arranged on a rotating arm support (1).
10. The geotechnical centrifuge of claim 9 wherein: the first pressure container (4) and the second pressure container (5) are fixed on the rotating arm (2) through a connecting tool (9), and a pipeline of a communicating device of the dynamic unbalance force adjusting system is fixed on the rotating arm (2) through a hoop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010653320.2A CN111686948A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and geotechnical centrifuge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010653320.2A CN111686948A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Dynamic unbalance force adjusting system and geotechnical centrifuge |
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| CN111686948A true CN111686948A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113304896A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-27 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Online dynamic unbalance adjusting device and method for geotechnical centrifuge rotor system |
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2020
- 2020-07-08 CN CN202010653320.2A patent/CN111686948A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113304896A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-27 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Online dynamic unbalance adjusting device and method for geotechnical centrifuge rotor system |
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