CN111686615A - Mixed material processing method of metal powder - Google Patents
Mixed material processing method of metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111686615A CN111686615A CN202010428801.3A CN202010428801A CN111686615A CN 111686615 A CN111686615 A CN 111686615A CN 202010428801 A CN202010428801 A CN 202010428801A CN 111686615 A CN111686615 A CN 111686615A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
- B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
- B01F29/62—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers without bars, i.e. without mixing elements; characterised by the shape or cross section of the receptacle, e.g. of Y-, Z-, S- or X- shape; with cylindrical receptacles rotating about an axis at an angle to their longitudinal axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
- B01F35/21—Measuring
- B01F35/211—Measuring of the operational parameters
- B01F35/2115—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
- B01F35/21—Measuring
- B01F35/2135—Humidity, e.g. moisture content
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F35/93—Heating or cooling systems arranged inside the receptacle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F2035/99—Heating
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed material processing method of metal powder, which comprises the following steps: putting different batches of sieved metal powder and a preset amount of flow aid into a mixing tank; acquiring a first measured temperature value and a first measured humidity value of metal powder in a mixing tank; mixing the metal powder in the mixing device based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, and finishing the mixing; acquiring a second measured temperature value and a second measured humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank; and drying the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value, and finishing the drying treatment. During the compounding, add flow aid in metal powder to the temperature and the humidity of metal powder in monitoring and regulation and control compounding front and back compounding jar, so set up, avoided on the one hand because humidity leads to the big problem of granule viscidity between metal powder, on the other hand has promoted metal powder's homogeneity and mobility in the compounding finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a mixed material processing method of metal powder.
Background
3D printing is one of rapid prototyping technologies, also known as additive manufacturing, which is a technology for constructing an object by printing layer by layer using an adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file. In recent years, with the development of additive manufacturing technologies at home and abroad, metal additive manufacturing (metal 3D printing) is receiving more and more attention from various industries as an important branch of 3D printing technology. Among them, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) are the most widely used metal additive manufacturing techniques. With the continuous and deep research, people have more and more demands on different kinds of metal materials.
Micron-sized spherical metal powder is the most widely applied metal 3D printing material at present, and in the preparation process of the spherical metal powder, for example, gas atomization powder preparation is generally subjected to processing procedures such as smelting, atomization, screening, material mixing, detection, packaging and the like. The powder smelted in multiple furnaces is screened and then mixed, and mixing is an important processing procedure. However, the time for the coarse particles and the time for the fine particles to pass through the screen are different during the powder sieving, so that the whole particle size of the metal powder after sieving meets the use requirement, but the particle size in a local area is higher or lower, and the uniformity of the particle size of the powder is one of the important influence factors of the metal printing forming effect, and the final printing quality is easily influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, there is a need for a method of processing a batch of metal powder; the mixed material processing method of the metal powder can solve the problem that the particle size of the metal powder is not uniform after screening of different heats.
The technical scheme is as follows:
one embodiment provides a mixed material processing method of metal powder, which comprises the following steps:
putting different batches of screened metal powder into a mixing tank of a mixing device; putting a preset amount of flow aid into the mixing tank;
acquiring a current temperature value and a current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank, and acquiring a first measured temperature value and a first measured humidity value;
mixing the metal powder in the mixing device based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, and finishing the mixing;
acquiring a current temperature value and a current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank, and acquiring a second measured temperature value and a second measured humidity value;
and drying the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value, and finishing the drying treatment.
Above-mentioned metal powder's compounding processing method, during the compounding, flow aid is added in metal powder to the temperature and the humidity of metal powder in the compounding jar around monitoring and regulation and control compounding, so set up, avoided on the one hand because humidity leads to the big problem of granule viscidity between metal powder, on the other hand has promoted metal powder's homogeneity and mobility in the compounding finished product.
The technical solution is further explained below:
in one embodiment, the process of mixing and finishing the metal powder in the mixing device based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value comprises the following steps:
heating the metal powder in the mixing tank for a first time at a first heating temperature value;
and turning the metal powder in the mixing tank for the first time length at a first rotating speed value.
In one embodiment, the step of performing a drying process on the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value comprises the following steps:
heating the metal powder in the mixing tank for a second time at a second heating temperature value, wherein the second heating temperature value is greater than the first heating temperature value;
turning the metal powder in the mixing tank at a second rotating speed value for a second time period;
and performing air exhaust treatment on the metal powder in the mixing tank for the second time.
In one embodiment, the step of performing the second duration of pumping treatment on the metal powder in the mixing tank comprises the following steps:
monitoring a real-time air pressure value in the material mixing tank, and starting an air exhaust device to perform air exhaust treatment when the real-time air pressure value is greater than a first preset air pressure value; otherwise, the air exhaust device is closed and the air exhaust treatment is stopped.
In one embodiment, the second rotational speed value is less than the first rotational speed value.
In one embodiment, after the step of performing the drying process on the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value and completing the drying process, the method further includes the following steps:
starting an air exhaust device, monitoring the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank, and obtaining a third measured temperature value and a third measured humidity value;
when the third measured temperature value is within a preset temperature interval and the third measured humidity value is within a preset humidity interval, closing the air exhaust device;
and when the third measured temperature value is not in a preset temperature interval or the third measured humidity value is not in a preset humidity interval, keeping starting the air exhaust device and continuously monitoring the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank.
In one embodiment, different batches of sieved metal powder are placed into a mixing tank of a mixing device; after the step of placing the flow aid with the preset amount into the mixing tank, before the step of obtaining the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank and obtaining the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, the method further comprises the following steps of:
allowing the metal powder and flow aid in the compounding tank to stand for a third length of time.
In one embodiment, different batches of sieved metal powder are placed into a mixing tank of a mixing device; and putting a preset amount of flow aid into the mixing tank, wherein the mass of the flow aid is 0.01-0.1% of the mass of the metal powder.
In one embodiment, the flow aid comprises at least one of zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide;
the particle size of the glidant is 0.05-5 μm.
In one embodiment, after the step of turning off the air exhaust device when the third measured temperature value is within the preset temperature interval and the third measured humidity value is within the preset humidity interval, the method further comprises the following steps:
and sampling and detecting the mixed material finished product in the mixing tank.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for processing a mixed material of metal powder according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mixing apparatus for carrying out the mixing process of the metal powder of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the mixing bowl, air extraction device, etc. of the embodiment of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the overall structure of the driving assembly in the embodiment of fig. 2.
Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:
110. a first bracket; 120. a second bracket; 200. a mixing tank; 210. a feed inlet; 220. a discharge port; 231. a first structure portion; 232. a second structure portion; 233. a third structure section; 240. a feed gate; 250. a discharge door; 300. a hygrothermograph; 400. a heating assembly; 510. an air extractor; 520. an air exhaust pipe; 530. an air extraction valve; 610. a drive member; 620. a rotating shaft; 630. a conveyor belt; 640. a speed reducer; 650. a coupling; 661. a first bearing; 662. a second bearing.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment provides a mixed material processing method of metal powder, which includes the following steps:
placing different batches of sieved metal powder into a mixing tank 200 of a mixing device; a predetermined amount of flow aid is placed into the mixing bowl 200. Wherein, the material type of the metal powder can be cobalt chromium alloy, stainless steel, die steel, nickel base alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like, the particle size range of the metal powder can be 10um-150um, and the weight of the metal powder can be 50kg-600 kg; the glidant may be a solid glidant and the particle size of the glidant may range from 0.05 μm to 5 μm.
Acquiring a current temperature value and a current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200, and acquiring a first measured temperature value and a first measured humidity value;
mixing the metal powder in the mixing device based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, and finishing the mixing;
obtaining a current temperature value and a current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200, and obtaining a second measured temperature value and a second measured humidity value to obtain the temperature and humidity conditions of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 after the preliminary mixing for subsequent drying treatment;
and drying the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value, and finishing the drying process.
According to the mixing processing method of the metal powder, during mixing, the flow aid is added into the metal powder, and the temperature and the humidity of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 before and after mixing are monitored and regulated, so that the problem of large particle viscosity among the metal powder due to the humidity is avoided, and the uniformity and the flowability of the metal powder in a mixed finished product are improved.
In the process of manufacturing metal powder, after powder smelted in different heats is screened, although the whole particle size meets the use requirement, the problem that the particle size in a local area is higher or lower still exists, so that the uniformity of the particle size of the powder is poor; in addition, the environment humidity in southern areas is generally high, and metal powder is in the in-process of mixing because the characteristics of the micron powder granule is less and the surface is coarse, and metal powder fully contacts with the air among the compounding process, adsorbs a large amount of vapor easily to form the water film on spherical metal powder's surface, lead to the viscidity increase between the powder granule, influence the mobility of powder, and then lead to the powder to print the quality and worsen.
According to the mixing processing method of the metal powder, on one hand, when mixing is carried out, the flow aid is added, so that the problems of increased viscosity and poor flowability among particles caused by environmental humidity are solved, and the uniformity of the mixed material is improved due to the increased flowability, so that the uniformity and the flowability of the mixed material finished product obtained after mixing are high; on the other hand, the temperature and the humidity of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 are monitored and controlled in the mixing treatment process, so that the problem that the particle size uniformity and the flowability are influenced due to the fact that the humidity cannot be controlled is solved.
It should be noted that the fluidity of the metal powder is affected by various factors such as the particle size, morphology, humidity, static electricity, and interaction between powders, and the flow aid is a very fine powder, and the flow aid can uniformly cover the surface of the metal powder by fully mixing the metal powder and the flow aid, so that the friction between powders is reduced, the static electricity and the interaction between powders are reduced, and a series of problems caused by humidity are solved.
In one embodiment, the process of performing and completing the mixing process on the metal powder in the mixing device based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value includes the following steps:
heating the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 at a first heating temperature value for a first time period;
and performing the turning treatment for the first time length on the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 at a first rotating speed value.
Optionally, the first heating temperature value is higher than the first measured temperature value, and the first time period and the first rotation speed value are determined according to the amount and material of the metal powder in the mixing bowl 200 and the temperature and humidity before mixing.
Specifically, in this mixing stage, the parameters of the mixing device may be set according to the kind and quality of the metal powder and the kind and quality of the flow aid. For example, the first heating temperature value may be set to be between 50 ℃ and 60 ℃, the first time period (i.e., the mixing processing time) may be set to be between 40min and 100min, where min refers to minutes, and the first rotation speed value may be set to be between 6r/min and 8r/min, where r/min refers to the number of turns per rotation.
In one embodiment, the process of drying and completing the drying of the metal powder within the mixing bowl 200 based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value includes the steps of:
heating the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 for a second time at a second heating temperature value, wherein the second heating temperature value is greater than the first heating temperature value;
turning the metal powder in the mixing tank 200 at a second rotation speed value for the second time period;
and performing the air exhaust treatment for the second time period on the metal powder in the mixing tank 200.
So set up, through heating and the processing of bleeding, adjust the temperature and the humidity of the metal powder in the compounding jar 200.
After the mixing process, after the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value are obtained, the metal powder is dried again, and specifically, the parameter setting may be performed again on the mixing device. For example, the second heating temperature value may be set to 90 ℃ -120 ℃; the second time period (i.e., the drying time) may be set to 60min to 120min, and the second rotation speed value may be set to 0.5r/min (i.e., the turnover is performed every two minutes).
In one embodiment, the pumping of the metal powder in the mixing bowl 200 for the second period of time comprises the steps of:
monitoring a real-time air pressure value in the mixing tank 200, and starting an air extraction device to perform air extraction treatment when the real-time air pressure value is greater than a first preset air pressure value; otherwise, the air exhaust device is closed and the air exhaust treatment is stopped.
Specifically, when the real-time air pressure value is greater than 70KPa, starting an air extraction device to perform air extraction treatment; and when the pressure is lower than 70KPa, the air exhaust is stopped.
Of course, in the specific implementation, the air pumping process may be stopped when the air pressure is about 50KPa, and in this case, whether the air pumping process is performed or not may be considered according to actual needs when the air pressure is between 50KPa and 70 KPa.
In one embodiment, the second rotational speed value is less than the first rotational speed value.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps after the step of drying the metal powder in the mixing bowl 200 based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value:
starting an air exhaust device, monitoring the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200, and obtaining a third measured temperature value and a third measured humidity value;
when the third measured temperature value is within a preset temperature interval and the third measured humidity value is within a preset humidity interval, closing the air exhaust device;
and when the third measured temperature value is not in the preset temperature interval or the third measured humidity value is not in the preset humidity interval, keeping starting the air exhaust device and continuously monitoring the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank 200.
After the drying process is completed, since the ambient temperature and humidity inside the mixing bowl 200 are different from the ambient temperature and humidity outside the mixing bowl 200, the temperature and humidity inside the mixing bowl 200 need to be adjusted again by the air extractor, so that the temperature and humidity inside the mixing bowl 200 gradually keep the same as the temperature and humidity outside the mixing bowl 200 to prepare for subsequent sampling or entering the next process (such as pouring).
After the drying phase, the heating element 400 is turned off, at which point the suction device is turned on again to maintain the pressure at 50KPa, and the monitoring element 400 (e.g., a hygrothermograph) is observed. When the temperature of the metal powder is reduced to room temperature (within a preset temperature interval) and the humidity is kept below 30% RH (within a preset humidity interval), the air exhaust device is closed, normal atmospheric pressure is recovered in the mixing tank 200 of the mixing device, the mixed metal powder is transferred into a closed container, and then sampling is performed, and the properties such as particle size, flowability and the like are detected.
In one embodiment, different batches of sieved metal powder are placed into the mixing bowl 200 of the mixing apparatus; after the step of placing the flow aid with the preset amount into the mixing bowl 200, before the step of obtaining the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing bowl 200 and obtaining the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, the method further comprises the following steps:
the metal powder and flow aid within the mixing bowl 200 are allowed to stand for a third length of time.
Alternatively, the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value are obtained after the metal powder and the flow aid are placed in the mixing bowl 200 and left for 10 minutes.
In one embodiment, different batches of sieved metal powder are placed into the mixing bowl 200 of the mixing apparatus; and in the step of placing a preset amount of flow aid into the mixing tank 200, the mass of the flow aid is 0.01-0.1% of the mass of the metal powder.
In one embodiment, the flow aid comprises at least one of zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide.
The flow aid may be ZrO2、Al2O3、ZnO、SiO2One or two or more of them, and those skilled in the art can suitably adjust the flow aid according to the material, amount, etc. of the metal powder.
In one embodiment, the particle size of the glidant is 0.05 μm to 5 μm. That is, the particle size of the glidant ranges from 0.05 μm to 5 μm, where particle size refers to the particle diameter of the glidant.
Further, the particle size of the glidant may be 0.5 μm to 3 μm.
In one embodiment, after the step of turning off the air exhaust device when the third measured temperature value is within the preset temperature interval and the third measured humidity value is within the preset humidity interval, the method further comprises the following steps:
and sampling and detecting the mixed material finished product in the mixing tank 200.
And (4) judging whether the obtained mixed material finished product reaches the standard or not through sampling detection. Of course, the sample can be left for a certain time before sampling and detecting.
Three specific examples are given below:
the first embodiment is as follows:
mixing process of cobalt-chromium alloy
Producing a certain batch of cobalt-chromium alloy powder, sieving to obtain a total mass of 200kg, a particle size range of 10-65 um, and a flow aid of Al with a particle size range of 1-3 um2O3The adding amount is 0.1 percent of the total mass of the powder, namely 200 g;
firstly, pouring cobalt-chromium alloy powder and a flow aid into a mixing tank 200 from a feeding hole 210, standing for 10 minutes, and measuring the temperature of the mixture before mixing to be 26 ℃ and the humidity to be 65% RH;
then setting working parameters of a mixing device, setting the heating temperature to be 55 ℃, setting the mixing time to be 60 minutes and setting the rotating speed to be 8 revolutions per minute, starting the mixing device to carry out mixing treatment, and finishing the mixing treatment;
then, measuring the temperature of the metal powder after the mixing treatment to be 52 ℃ and the humidity to be 50% RH, at the moment, setting the working parameters of the mixing device again, setting the heating temperature to be 100 ℃, setting the drying treatment time to be 100 minutes, starting the air extractor, keeping the air pressure at 50KPa, setting the metal powder to be turned over up and down once every two minutes, detecting the internal air pressure in the mixing tank 200, starting the air extractor when the air pressure is more than 70KPa, starting the mixing device and completing the drying treatment;
finally, when the drying process is completed, the heating unit 400 is turned off and no heating process is performed, and at this time, the air suction device is continuously turned on, the air pressure is maintained at 50KPa, and the thermo-hygrometer is observed. And when the temperature of the metal powder is reduced to 26 ℃ and the humidity of the powder is 28% RH, closing the air exhaust device, recovering normal atmospheric pressure in the mixing tank 200 of the mixing device, transferring the cobalt-chromium alloy powder obtained by processing in the mixing tank 200 into a closed container, and sampling to perform performance detection such as particle size, fluidity and the like. The detection results before and after mixing are shown in the following table one:
from the analysis in the table, it is found that the particle size and flowability of the metal powder are improved after the mixing, and the uniformity of the particle size and the flowability are better.
Example two:
die steel powder mixing process
Producing a certain batch of die steel powder, sieving to obtain a powder with a total mass of 150kg, a particle size range of 10-65 um, and a flow aid of SiO with a particle size range of 0.5-1 um2The adding amount is 0.05 percent of the total mass of the powder, namely 75 g;
firstly, pouring die steel powder and a flow aid into a mixing tank 200 from a feeding hole 210, standing for 10 minutes, and measuring the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 70% RH before mixing;
then setting working parameters of a mixing device, setting the heating temperature to be 60 ℃, setting the mixing time to be 50 minutes and setting the rotating speed to be 8 revolutions per minute, starting the mixing device to carry out mixing treatment, and finishing the mixing treatment;
then, measuring the temperature and the humidity of the metal powder after the material mixing treatment to be 57 ℃ and 53% RH, at the moment, setting the working parameters of the material mixing device again, setting the heating temperature to be 120 ℃, setting the drying treatment time to be 90 minutes, starting the air exhaust device, keeping the air pressure at 50KPa, setting the metal powder to be turned over once every two minutes, detecting the internal air pressure in the material mixing tank 200, starting the air exhaust device when the air pressure is more than 70KPa, starting the material mixing device and completing the drying treatment;
finally, when the drying process is completed, the heating unit 400 is turned off and no heating process is performed, and at this time, the air suction device is continuously turned on, the air pressure is maintained at 50KPa, and the thermo-hygrometer is observed. And when the temperature of the metal powder is reduced to 28 ℃ and the humidity of the powder is 28% RH, closing the air exhaust device, recovering normal atmospheric pressure in the mixing tank 200 of the mixing device, transferring the cobalt-chromium alloy powder obtained by processing in the mixing tank 200 into a closed container, and sampling to perform performance detection such as particle size, fluidity and the like. The detection results before and after mixing are shown in the following table two:
from the analysis of the second table, it is found that the particle size and flowability of the metal powder are improved after the mixing, and the uniformity of the particle size and the flowability are better.
Example three:
compounding process of stainless steel powder
Producing a certain batch of stainless steel powder, sieving to obtain a powder with a total mass of 300kg and a particle size of 40-150 um, and using Al as flow aid and a particle size of 1-3 um2O3The adding amount is 0.05 percent of the total mass of the powder, namely 150 g;
firstly, pouring die steel powder and a flow aid into a mixing tank 200 from a feeding hole 210, standing for 10 minutes, and measuring the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 60% RH before mixing;
then setting working parameters of a mixing device, setting the heating temperature to be 50 ℃, setting the mixing time to be 100 minutes and setting the rotating speed to be 8 revolutions per minute, starting the mixing device to carry out mixing treatment, and finishing the mixing treatment;
then, measuring the temperature of the metal powder after the mixing treatment to be 48 ℃ and the humidity to be 53% RH, at this time, setting the working parameters of the mixing device again, setting the heating temperature to be 100 ℃, setting the drying treatment time to be 100 minutes, starting the air extractor, keeping the air pressure at 50KPa, setting the metal powder to be turned over up and down once every two minutes, detecting the internal air pressure in the mixing tank 200, starting the air extractor when the air pressure is more than 70KPa, starting the mixing device and completing the drying treatment;
finally, when the drying process is completed, the heating unit 400 is turned off and no heating process is performed, and at this time, the air suction device is continuously turned on, the air pressure is maintained at 50KPa, and the thermo-hygrometer is observed. And when the temperature of the metal powder is reduced to 25 ℃ and the humidity of the powder is 25% RH, closing the air exhaust device, recovering normal atmospheric pressure in the mixing tank 200 of the mixing device, transferring the cobalt-chromium alloy powder obtained by processing in the mixing tank 200 into a closed container, and sampling to perform performance detection such as particle size, fluidity and the like. The detection results before and after mixing are shown in the following table three:
from the analysis of the third table, it is found that the particle size and flowability of the metal powder are improved after the mixing, and the uniformity of the particle size and the flowability are better.
The three embodiments described above can be used to derive: after the metal powder is treated by the mixing treatment method for the metal powder, the uniformity and the flowability of the particle size of the metal powder are improved, and the problem of subsequent printing quality caused by uneven humidity and local particle size is solved.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, a mixing apparatus capable of being applied to any one of the above embodiments to perform a mixing process of metal powder includes a frame, a mixing tank 200, a monitoring assembly, a heating assembly 400, an air-extracting device, and a driving assembly.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the mixing tank 200 is rotatably disposed on the frame, the mixing tank 200 is formed with a mixing cavity, the mixing tank 200 is provided with a feeding port 210 and a discharging port 220, and the feeding port 210 and the discharging port 220 are both communicated with the mixing cavity.
The metal powder and the flow aid are placed into the mixing tank 200 through the feeding port 210, the discharging port 220 and the feeding port 210 are closed when the mixing tank 200 rotates, and the metal powder and the flow aid are mixed in the mixing cavity through the rotation of the mixing tank 200.
The monitoring assembly is arranged on the mixing tank 200 and used for detecting the temperature and the humidity in the mixing tank 200. The monitoring component may be a device capable of monitoring the humidity in the mixing tank 200 in real time or at regular time, and may be a hygrothermograph 300 or the like, and the monitoring head should be located in the mixing tank 200.
The heating assembly 400 is arranged in the mixing bowl 200, and the heating assembly 400 is used for adjusting the temperature in the mixing bowl 200. When the humidity in the mixing tank 200 does not reach the standard, the heating assembly 400 is started to generate heat and is matched with the air extractor to extract air, so that the technical effect of drying in the mixing tank 200 is achieved.
Optionally, the monitoring assembly comprises a hygrothermograph 300, the hygrothermograph 300 is arranged on the inner wall of the mixing tank 200, and the hygrothermograph 300 is electrically connected with the control component.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the air extracting device includes an air extractor 510 and an air extracting pipe 520, the air extractor 510 is located outside the mixing bowl 200, one end of the air extracting pipe 520 is communicated with the mixing cavity, and the other end of the air extracting pipe 520 is communicated with the air extractor 510.
The air extractor 510 may be a blower, and when the blower is started, the air in the material mixing tank 200 is extracted through the air extraction pipe 520, so that on one hand, the air pressure in the material mixing tank 200 is adjusted, and on the other hand, the air extractor is also matched with the heating assembly 400 to adjust the humidity and the temperature in the material mixing tank 200.
The driving assembly comprises a driving piece 610 and a control piece, the driving piece 610 is arranged on the rack, the mixing tank 200 is in transmission connection with the driving piece 610, and the monitoring assembly, the heating assembly 400, the air pump 510 and the driving piece 610 are all in electric connection with the control piece.
The driving member 610 may be a device capable of outputting rotary power, the driving member 610 is a servo motor electrically connected to the control member, and the control member is a device capable of realizing control, and may be a PLC, etc., so as to realize uniform control of the mixing device.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the driving assembly further includes a rotating shaft 620, the rotating shaft 620 is rotatably disposed on the frame, the material mixing tank 200 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 620, the rotating shaft 620 is in transmission connection with the driving member 610, and the driving member 610 drives the rotating shaft 620 to rotate when rotating, so that the rotating shaft 620 drives the material mixing tank 200 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotating shaft 620 penetrates through the mixing bowl 200, the mixing bowl 200 is fixed on the rotating shaft 620, and when the rotating shaft 620 is rotated by the driving member 610, the rotating shaft 620 further rotates the mixing bowl 200 to perform the tumbling and mixing operation of the metal powder and the flow aid in the mixing cavity.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the heating assembly 400 includes heating coils disposed in the mixing bowl 200 and wound around the rotating shaft 620.
The heating coil may be wound around the outer wall of the rotating shaft 620, or may be fixed in blocks on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 620, so as to achieve the heating effect in the mixing tank 200.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the rotating shaft 620 is provided with an air duct having a first port and a second port, the air pump 510 is communicated with the air duct through the first port, the air pumping pipe 520 is fixed on the inner wall of the mixing bowl 200, one end of the air pumping pipe 520 is communicated with the mixing chamber, the other end of the air pumping pipe 520 is communicated with the air duct through the second port, or the other end of the air pumping pipe 520 extends into the air duct through the second port and is communicated with the air pump 510.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the air extracting apparatus further includes an air extracting valve 530, the air extracting valve 530 is disposed on the rotating shaft 620 and located in the air duct, and the air extracting valve 530 is electrically connected to the air extractor 510 or the air extracting valve 530 is electrically connected to the control member. The air suction valve 530 is equivalent to a valve to adjust the humidity, temperature and air pressure inside the mixing bowl 200 in cooperation with the heating assembly 400.
It should be noted that, when the mixing material tank 200 rotates, when the air exhaust tube 520 is located above, the metal powder is located below, and at this time, the air exhaust tube 520 can open the air exhaust mode, and when the air exhaust tube 520 is located below, that is, when the air exhaust tube 520 is located in the metal powder below, the air exhaust tube 520 needs to close the air exhaust mode, so as to avoid exhausting the metal powder when exhausting air. In a specific arrangement, the opening and closing time intervals of the air pump 510 and the air pump valve 530 may be adapted in combination with the rotation speed of the mixing bowl 200.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the frame includes a first bracket 110 and a second bracket 120 that are disposed at an interval, the driving assembly further includes a first bearing 661 and a second bearing 662, the first bearing 661 is disposed on the first bracket 110, the second bearing 662 is disposed on the second bracket 120, one end of the rotating shaft 620 is rotatably disposed on the first bracket 110 through the first bearing 661, and the other end of the rotating shaft 620 is rotatably disposed on the second bracket 120 through the second bearing 662.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the driving assembly further includes a transmission belt 630, and the transmission belt 630 is used for transmitting the output power of the driving member 610 to the rotating shaft 620. The drive assembly still includes shaft coupling 650 and reduction gear 640, the shaft coupling 650 with reduction gear 640 all establishes on the second support 120, driving piece 610 has the output shaft, reduction gear 640 has the input shaft, conveyer belt 630 around locating driving piece 610's output shaft with between the input shaft of reduction gear 640, shaft coupling 650 with reduction gear 640 transmission connection, the other end of axis of rotation 620 with shaft coupling 650 transmission connection.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the mixing bowl 200 includes a first structure portion 231, a second structure portion 232, and a third structure portion 233 arranged along the rotation axis direction, the first structure portion 231 is located between the second structure portion 232 and the third structure portion 233, the first structure portion 231 is an annular structure, the second structure portion 232 is gradually contracted and arranged in a direction away from the first structure portion 231 and forms a first cone, and the third structure portion 233 is gradually contracted and arranged in a direction away from the first structure portion 231 and forms a second cone. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the middle of the mixing bowl 200 is arranged in a column shape, and the left and right sides of the mixing bowl 200 are arranged in a cone or a truncated cone shape.
Referring to fig. 3, the feeding hole 210 and the discharging hole 220 are both disposed on the first structure portion 231, the feeding hole 210 and the discharging hole 220 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the mixing bowl 200, the mixing bowl 200 is further provided with a feeding door 240 and a discharging door 250, the feeding door 240 is disposed corresponding to the feeding hole 210 and can open or close the feeding hole 210, and the discharging door 250 is disposed corresponding to the discharging hole 220 and can open or close the discharging hole 220.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The mixed material processing method of the metal powder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
putting different batches of screened metal powder into a mixing tank of a mixing device; putting a preset amount of flow aid into the mixing tank;
acquiring a current temperature value and a current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank, and acquiring a first measured temperature value and a first measured humidity value;
mixing the metal powder in the mixing device based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, and finishing the mixing;
acquiring a current temperature value and a current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank, and acquiring a second measured temperature value and a second measured humidity value;
and drying the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value, and finishing the drying treatment.
2. The mixing processing method of metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the mixing processing of metal powder in the mixing device and the completion of the mixing processing based on the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value includes the steps of:
heating the metal powder in the mixing tank for a first time at a first heating temperature value;
and turning the metal powder in the mixing tank for the first time length at a first rotating speed value.
3. The mixing processing method of metal powder according to claim 2, wherein the process of performing the drying process and completing the drying process on the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value comprises the steps of:
heating the metal powder in the mixing tank for a second time at a second heating temperature value, wherein the second heating temperature value is greater than the first heating temperature value;
turning the metal powder in the mixing tank at a second rotating speed value for a second time period;
and performing air exhaust treatment on the metal powder in the mixing tank for the second time.
4. A method of mixing metal powders according to claim 3, wherein the step of subjecting the metal powders in the mixing tank to the second period of evacuation comprises the steps of:
monitoring a real-time air pressure value in the material mixing tank, and starting an air exhaust device to perform air exhaust treatment when the real-time air pressure value is greater than a first preset air pressure value; otherwise, the air exhaust device is closed and the air exhaust treatment is stopped.
5. A method of mixing material processing of metal powders according to claim 3, characterized in that the second rotation value is smaller than the first rotation value.
6. The mixing processing method of metal powder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the steps of, after the steps of performing drying processing on the metal powder in the mixing tank based on the second measured temperature value and the second measured humidity value and completing the drying processing:
starting an air exhaust device, monitoring the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank, and obtaining a third measured temperature value and a third measured humidity value;
when the third measured temperature value is within a preset temperature interval and the third measured humidity value is within a preset humidity interval, closing the air exhaust device;
and when the third measured temperature value is not in a preset temperature interval or the third measured humidity value is not in a preset humidity interval, keeping starting the air exhaust device and continuously monitoring the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank.
7. The mixing processing method of metal powder according to claim 6, wherein different batches of the sieved metal powder are put into a mixing tank of a mixing device; after the step of placing the flow aid with the preset amount into the mixing tank, before the step of obtaining the current temperature value and the current humidity value of the metal powder in the mixing tank and obtaining the first measured temperature value and the first measured humidity value, the method further comprises the following steps of:
allowing the metal powder and flow aid in the compounding tank to stand for a third length of time.
8. The mixing processing method of metal powder according to claim 6, wherein different batches of the sieved metal powder are put into a mixing tank of a mixing device; and putting a preset amount of flow aid into the mixing tank, wherein the mass of the flow aid is 0.01-0.1% of the mass of the metal powder.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the flow aid comprises at least one of zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and silicon dioxide;
the particle size of the glidant is 0.05-5 μm.
10. The mixed material processing method of metal powder according to claim 6, further comprising, after the step of turning off the air-extracting device when the third measured temperature value is within a preset temperature interval and the third measured humidity value is within a preset humidity interval, the steps of:
and sampling and detecting the mixed material finished product in the mixing tank.
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