CN111685763B - 一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法 - Google Patents

一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法 Download PDF

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CN111685763B
CN111685763B CN202010399340.1A CN202010399340A CN111685763B CN 111685763 B CN111685763 B CN 111685763B CN 202010399340 A CN202010399340 A CN 202010399340A CN 111685763 B CN111685763 B CN 111685763B
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谢琦
陈惠娴
吴军
杜磊
谭智霖
廖炎辉
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Abstract

本发明属于生物医学工程的技术领域,具体涉及一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法,包括如下步骤,将身体健康的被试者带入磁共振检查室,并让其佩戴MR专业视力校准镜框及镜片,平躺于检查床,进行阅读任务的任务态功能磁共振扫描以及数据采集;所述阅读任务包括BLOCK实验设计;所述阅读任务采用BLOCK实验设计,运行程序,身体健康的被试者先后在裸眼视力和矫正视力下进行阅读任务的功能磁共振检查;利用任务态功能磁共振成像,设计BLOCK实验范式,来监测人脑在不同视觉效果下的反应,可以反映身体健康的被试者在不同的阅读任务时的大脑功能脑区激活水平的变化。

Description

一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学工程的技术领域,具体涉及一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法。
背景技术
功能磁共振成像是一种新兴的神经影像学成像方式,其原理是利用神经细胞活动时引起的局部脑血流中的血氧动力学改变来进行成像。目前主要是运用在研究人及动物的脑。功能磁共振成像包含了静息态功能磁共振成像与任务态功能磁共振成像,静息态功能磁共振成像主要用于检测人静息状态下的大脑自发活动,而任务态功能磁共振成像则可根据任务的不同而检测大脑不同脑区的功能及活动。
现有技术中暂无采用磁共振成像技术来监测视觉反应与认知关系的方法。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法,利用任务态功能磁共振成像可视化的监测视觉反应与认知功能的关系,有效观察视觉反应所产生的人脑皮层功能区的变化。
本发明的技术内容如下:
本发明提供了一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法,包括如下步骤:
将身体健康的被试者带入磁共振检查室,并让其佩戴MR专业视力校准镜框及镜片,平躺于检查床,进行阅读任务的任务态功能磁共振扫描以及数据采集;所述阅读任务包括BLOCK实验设计;
所述磁共振的扫描序列以及参数包括:a)全脑T1加权矢状位高分别率结构像扫描参数:TR 1900.0 ms,TE 2.21 ms,层厚 1.00 mm,层间距 0.5 mm,矩阵 256×256,FOV 256×256 mm,翻转角9°;b)功能像EPI_BOLD扫描参数:TR 2000 ms,TE 30.0 ms,层厚 3.6 mm,层间距0.65 mm,FOV 230×230 mm,翻转角 90°,measurements 96;
所述阅读任务采用BLOCK实验设计,用E-Prime 2.0软件编制运行其程序,身体健康的被试者先后在裸眼视力和矫正视力下进行阅读任务的功能磁共振检查,具体操作为,将显示屏固定于检查床远端,于头线圈双眼上方放置专用线圈反射镜,角度调整由身体健康的被试者自己进行,之后,让身体健康的被试者认真注视屏幕,当屏幕中央出现“+”号时休息,当屏幕上出现文段时,以正常语速默读。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明的一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法,通过利用任务态功能磁共振成像可视化地监测视觉反应与认知功能的关系,有效观察人视觉反应所产生的人脑皮层功能区的变化;利用任务态功能磁共振成像,设计BLOCK实验范式,来监测人脑在不同视觉效果下的反应,可以反映身体健康的被试者在不同的阅读任务时的大脑功能脑区激活水平的变化。
附图说明
图1为BLOCK实验设计程序图;
图2为视觉效果为清楚比模糊时激活信号强的脑区fMRI断层图像;
图3为视觉效果为模糊比清楚时激活信号强的脑区fMRI断层图像。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施案例以及附图说明对本发明作进一步详细的描述,应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围,在阅读了本发明之后,本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定。
若无特殊说明,本发明的所有原料和试剂均为常规市场的原料、试剂。
实施例1
1)募集40名健康右利手的志愿者作为身体健康的被试者,男性20名,女性20名,年龄范围为18~35岁,平均年龄(26.9±4.2)岁,所有身体健康的被试者均无精神和神经疾病史、无重大眼疾,实验前无服用精神类药物史并保证足够睡眠,实验时均保证良好精神状态,每位身体健康的被试者均进行基本的脑结构成像采集、模糊/清晰汉语阅读任务的脑功能数据采集,所有阅读任务均配用MR专业视力校准镜框及镜片,身体健康的被试者佩戴无不适感,功能数据采集过程中,磁共振扫描室保持无灯光状态;
2)采用BLOCK实验设计,用E-Prime 2.0软件编制运行程序,将美德医疗公司高清液晶显示屏固定于检查床远端,于头线圈双眼上方放置专用线圈反射镜,角度调整由身体健康的被试者自己进行,开始监测时,要求身体健康的被试者认真注视屏幕(高清液晶显示屏),当屏幕中央出现“+”号时休息,当屏幕上出现文段时,以正常语速默读,实验过程中要求身体健康的被试者尽可能保持头部不动;
所述磁共振检查采用德国西门子MAGNETOM Skyra 3.0T磁共振扫描仪,32通道相控阵头部线圈,设置扫描参数如下,全脑T1加权矢状位高分辨率结构像:扫描参数:TR1900.0 ms,TE 2.21 ms,层厚1.00 mm,层间距0.5 mm,矩阵256×256,FOV 256×256 mm,翻转角9°,功能像EPI_BOLD扫描参数:TR 2000 ms,TE 30.0 ms,层厚3.6 mm,间距 0.65 mm,FOV 230×230 mm,翻转角90°,measurements 96;
3)数据处理以及分析:上述检查得到数据均为MRI原始图像数据,对所有的数据均进行一系列的预处理(步骤如下),数据预处理及分析所有的fMRI数据均采用SPM 12软件进行处理:
数据预处理:去除前6个TR的数据,以排除机器稳定性和身体健康的被试者适应环境对结果的影响,之后顺次对TR内的数据进行预处理,包含时间层校正、头动校正、空间标准化及空间平滑;
所述时间层校正以时间层的中间层为参考层,将扫描的所有层数校正到中间层,使得TR中的每一帧图像的获取时间相同,消除不同时间层面的时间相位差;
所述头动校正,被试扫描过程中产生的头部运动通常是无法避免的,通过头动校正对图像进行微调,得到每个被试的头动信息,将三维头部平移超过1 mm或三维头部转动超过0.5°的被试的数据舍弃;
所述空间标准化,每个研究对象的结构像和功能图像去除头皮后,将结构像配准到功能像,得到相应的配准信息后再配准到原始结构像上,用分割的办法将配准的结构像分割成白质、灰质、脑脊液,利用DARTEL(the Diffeomorphic Anatomical RegistrationThrough Exponentiated Lie algebra,DARTEL)工具生成灰白质模板,最后配准到蒙特利尔神经学研究所(Montreal Neurological Institute,MNI)空间;所有经过预处理的数据经过标准化把不同个体的图像匹配到蒙特利尔神经病学研究所MNI标准空间;
所述空间平滑利用FWHM为6 mm×6 mm×6 mm的高斯函数来进行二维空间滤波,重采样的体素大小为3 mm×3 mm×3 mm;
数据分析:对单个身体健康的被试者与事件相关的BOLD信号进行一般线性模型分析,通过时间信号强度曲线的相关分析来比较不同的汉语阅读任务之间信号强度的差异;
采用配对样本t检验进行组水平分析,P值均设为0.001(未校正),个体水平分析设为30个voxels为有效激活,将差异有统计学意义的激活脑区叠加至标准脑结构图,生成MNI坐标。
4)得到以下结果:
a.由图2可知,与模糊的视觉效果相比,清楚的视觉效果下的BOLD信号增强,主要表现在右侧额上回、双侧颞叶,清楚的视觉效果下激活水平更强的脑区主要位于视觉空间网络的背侧流,推测人接受清楚的汉字信息时会指导、控制注意力集中;
b.由图3可知,与清楚的视觉效果相比,模糊的视觉效果下的BOLD信号增强,主要表现在右侧梭状回,梭状回是视觉空间网络腹侧流的重要组成部分,主要负责面孔识别、文字识别等物体属性识别,由此推测,当身体健康的被试者在接受不清楚的视觉效果时,会增强梭状回对模糊汉字的正字法加工功能,来对可能的文字信息进行初步判断。

Claims (1)

1.一种视觉反应与认知关系的监测方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将身体健康的被试者带入磁共振检查室,并让其佩戴MR专业视力校准镜框及镜片,平躺于检查床,进行阅读任务的任务态功能磁共振扫描以及数据采集;
所述磁共振的扫描序列以及参数包括:a)全脑T1加权矢状位高分辨率结构像扫描参数:TR 1900.0 ms,TE 2.21 ms,层厚 1.00 mm,层间距 0.5 mm,矩阵 256×256,FOV 256×256 mm,翻转角9°;b)功能像EPI_BOLD扫描参数:TR 2000 ms,TE 30.0 ms,层厚 3.6 mm,层间距0.65 mm,FOV 230×230 mm,翻转角 90°,采集次数 96;
所述阅读任务包括BLOCK实验设计,将1个任务条件循环3次,一个任务条件包括阅读和休息,共计6个BLOCK;
所述BLOCK实验设计为,运行程序,身体健康的被试者先后在裸眼视力和矫正视力下进行阅读任务的功能磁共振检查,具体操作为,将显示屏固定于检查床远端,于头线圈双眼上方放置专用线圈反射镜,角度调整由身体健康的被试者自己进行,之后,让身体健康的被试者认真注视屏幕,当屏幕中央出现“+”号时休息,当屏幕上出现文段时,以正常语速默读;
数据分析:对单个身体健康的被试者与事件相关的BOLD信号进行一般线性模型分析,通过时间信号强度曲线的相关分析来比较不同的汉语阅读任务之间信号强度的差异;
采用配对样本t检验进行组水平分析,P值均设为0.001,P值未校正,个体水平分析设为30个体素为有效激活,将差异有统计学意义的激活脑区叠加至标准脑结构图,生成MNI坐标;
得到以下结果:
a.与模糊的视觉效果相比,清楚的视觉效果下的BOLD信号增强,主要表现在右侧额上回、双侧颞叶,清楚的视觉效果下激活水平更强的脑区主要位于视觉空间网络的背侧流,推测人接受清楚的汉字信息时会指导、控制注意力集中;
b.与清楚的视觉效果相比,模糊的视觉效果下的BOLD信号增强,主要表现在右侧梭状回,梭状回是视觉空间网络腹侧流的重要组成部分,主要负责面孔识别、文字识别,由此推测,当身体健康的被试者在接受模糊的视觉效果时,会增强梭状回对模糊汉字的正字法加工功能,来对可能的文字信息进行初步判断。
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