CN111684933A

CN111684933A - Novel crawler-type harvester crusher

Info

Publication number: CN111684933A
Application number: CN201910215276.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘其和
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-03-14
Filing date: 2019-03-14
Publication date: 2020-09-22

Abstract

A novel crawler-type harvester crusher is provided with the technical characteristics of a hay cutter and a fan, and the whole structure of the crusher consists of a straw feeding shell, a crusher main body and a straw throwing shell. The pulverizer main body comprises a fan volute body, a shaft, a bearing seat, a roller, a disc, a movable knife mounting plate, a fan blade, a movable knife, a fixed knife and other parts, wherein the shaft, the roller, the disc, the movable knife mounting plate, the fan blade and the movable knife form a rotating part, and the fan volute body, the bearing seat, the fixed knife, a straw feeding shell and a straw throwing shell form a fixed part. After crops are threshed in the harvester, the straws enter the straw feeding shell, the rotating movable knife cuts off the straws at the fixed knife, and the cut straws are taken away by the rotating fan blades and blown out of the harvester body by wind.

Description

Novel crawler-type harvester crusher

Technical Field

The invention relates to a crusher, in particular to a crusher for crushing crop straws of a crawler-type harvester.

Background

The tail of the crawler-type harvester is provided with a crusher for crushing crop straws of rice, wheat and the like, and the crushed straws are returned to the field. At present, the structure of a crusher of a crawler-type harvester (such as a long-time protected field and the like) used in agricultural production is shown in figure 1. Consists of moving blade, roller, fixed blade, casing and other parts. The straws come out of the tail of the crawler harvester and enter the crusher, one part of the straws are cut off by the movable knife, the other part of the straws are cut off by the movable knife and the fixed knife, and the other part of the straws are kneaded in the crusher shell along with the rotation of the movable knife, so that the shortened straws are thrown out of the crusher. The individual pulverizers are also improved locally, for example, the pulverizers produced by the Ministry of quick mechanical science and technology of Beam mountain county have unchanged structures of a movable cutter and a fixed cutter, the structure principle of the pulverizing part is the same, only a cylinder for conveying pulverized straws is lengthened, and in order to ensure that the straws can pass through the cylinder, a fan is additionally arranged to blow the straws out of the cylinder. The smashed straw of current crawler-type harvester grinder can satisfy the requirement of straw returning, and the shortcoming is that the consumed power is big on the left, about 15 ~ 25KW, accounts for 1/4 ~ 1/3 of engine output, seriously influences crawler-type harvester operating speed, must have, and the peasant reduces the stationary knife to reduce the straw crushing effect, reduce rubbing crusher power consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defect that the existing crawler-type harvester crusher consumes large energy, the invention provides a novel straw crusher which can cut and crush crop straws with smaller power consumption, meets the requirement of returning the straws to the field, and simultaneously solves the problem of blockage of the crusher when the straws are spherical.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the straw crusher has the technical characteristics of a straw cutter and a fan, and the whole structure of the straw crusher consists of a straw feeding shell, a crusher body and a straw throwing shell. The pulverizer main body comprises a fan volute body, a shaft, a bearing seat, a roller, a disc, a movable knife mounting plate, a fan blade, a movable knife, a fixed knife and other parts, wherein the shaft, the roller, the disc, the movable knife mounting plate, the fan blade and the movable knife form a rotating part, and the fan volute body, the bearing seat, the fixed knife, a straw feeding shell and a straw throwing shell form a fixed part. After crops are threshed in the harvester, the straws enter the straw feeding shell, the rotating movable knife cuts off the straws at the fixed knife, and the cut straws are taken away by the rotating fan blades and blown out of the harvester body by wind.

A group of circular discs are distributed on the cylindrical surface of the roller along the axial direction of the roller, grooves are uniformly distributed on each circular disc, a movable knife fixing plate is positioned in each groove, a movable knife is fastened on the movable knife fixing plate through bolts and nuts, the movable knife fixing plate is in a spiral shape relative to the roller, the movable knife is also in a spiral shape relative to the roller, and fan blades are connected with the circular discs, the roller and the movable knife fixing plate together.

The fixed knife is arranged on the blower worm shell and fixed by bolts, and the cutting edge of the fixed knife is parallel to the axis of the roller.

The fan volute body adopts a rectangular volute of a centrifugal fan, and the molded line of the inner wall of the volute is an Archimedes spiral line. The wind outlet direction is horizontal. The straw feeding shell is connected with the blower volute shell, and the straw throwing shell is also connected with the blower volute shell.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the existing crawler-type harvester crusher, the novel crawler-type harvester crusher has the following advantages: the rigidity of the movable knife is improved, the movable knife does not deform in the shearing process, and the shearing effect and the efficiency are improved; the straw kneading mode is reduced; the new installation mode of the movable cutter greatly weakens the function of directly cutting off the straws by the movable cutter. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the straws are cut off and crushed in time, the energy consumption of the straw crusher of the novel crawler-type harvester is greatly reduced, and is about 1/3-1/2 of the energy consumption of the existing crawler-type harvester.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional crawler-type harvester crusher, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel crawler-type harvester crusher, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel crawler-type harvester crusher main body.

The part number designations are as follows: 101-existing shredder housing, 102-existing shredder moving blade, 103-existing shredder moving blade holder, 104-existing shredder roller, 105-existing shredder moving blade fixing bolt nut, 106-existing shredder stationary blade, 107-existing shredder bearing seat, 108-existing shredder shaft, 201-straw feeding housing, 202-blower volute housing, 203-disc, 204-fan blade, 205-hinge, 206-bearing seat bearing, 207-straw throwing housing, 301-moving blade, 302-moving blade fixing bolt nut, 303-moving blade fixing plate, 304-roller, 305-stationary blade, 306-stationary blade fixing bolt, 307-shaft.

Detailed Description

As shown in FIG. 2, the straw feeding shell 201 is located above the crusher body of the novel crawler-type harvester and is connected with the fan worm shell 202 through a hinge 205. The straw ejection housing 207 is hingedly connected to the blower volute housing 202. Bearing mount bearing 206 is mounted at the end of blower volute housing 202.

As shown in fig. 3, the disks 203 are distributed along the axial direction of the drum 304, and the disks 203 are welded and fixed by rotating the disks 203 so that the grooves on the disks 203 are formed in a spiral shape. The movable blade fixing plate 303 is placed in the groove of the disc 203 and welded with the disc 203. The movable blade 301 is fastened to the movable blade fixing plate 303 by a bolt and nut 302 for fixing the movable blade. Each fan blade 204 is welded with the adjacent circular disc 203, the movable blade fixing plate 303 and the roller 304. Shaft 307 is welded to the end of drum 304 through the bearing bore of bearing mount bearing 206.

The fixed blade 305 is fixed to the blower scroll case 202 by a fixed blade fixing bolt 306, and the fixed blade 305 is adjusted so that the cutting edge thereof is parallel to the drum axis.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel crawler-type harvester grinder, it includes that straw feeding casing, grinder main part, straw throw out casing part, characterized by: the pulverizer main body comprises a fan volute body, a shaft, a bearing seat, a roller, a disc, a movable knife mounting plate, a fan blade, a movable knife, a fixed knife and other parts, wherein the shaft, the roller, the disc, the movable knife mounting plate, the fan blade and the movable knife form a rotating part, and the fan volute body, the bearing seat, the fixed knife, a straw feeding shell and a straw throwing shell form a fixed part.

2. The novel crawler-type harvester crusher of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a group of circular discs are distributed on the cylindrical surface of the roller along the axial direction of the roller, grooves are uniformly distributed on each circular disc, a movable knife fixing plate is positioned in each groove, a movable knife is fastened on the movable knife fixing plate through bolts and nuts, the movable knife fixing plate is in a spiral shape relative to the roller, the movable knife is also in a spiral shape relative to the roller, and fan blades are connected with the circular discs, the roller and the movable knife fixing plate together.

3. The novel crawler-type harvester crusher of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fan volute body adopts a rectangular volute of a centrifugal fan, and the molded line of the inner wall of the volute is an Archimedes spiral line.