CN111680930A - Electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on characteristic reachable circle - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on a characteristic reachable circle, which mainly comprises the following steps: step A: dividing the urban area and acquiring the demand coefficient of the area; and B: extracting charging demand points of travelers and acquiring corresponding demand; and C: calculating the characteristic reachable circle of the site of the charging station and the covered demand; step D: and evaluating the site selection scheme of the electric vehicle charging station. Current electric vehicle user experience relies on the proper configuration of charging stations. The electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle can enable the evaluation of the electric vehicle site selection to be more reasonable and effective, reduce the influence on an urban road network and inconvenience for electric vehicle users caused by improper site selection, and further indirectly promote the popularization and application of electric vehicles; the method is more scientific, has good manufacturability and has wide popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging station site selection, in particular to an electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on a characteristic reachable circle.
Background
An electric vehicle is an automobile driven by a motor using a vehicle-mounted power supply as power. Meanwhile, electric vehicles can be classified by power sources into pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles. The rudimentary form of electric vehicles has emerged in the 19 th century, however, it has not been widely used due to the bottleneck of battery technology at that time. At present, due to the development of lithium battery technology, the density of energy storage units is increased rapidly, electric vehicle enterprises represented by tesla are started, domestic electric vehicle brands represented by yulai and xiao peng are also generated in China, and the research and development and manufacturing of electric vehicles are also started by traditional vehicle enterprises such as biedi and the like. In the large context of global warming, governments are beginning to pay more attention to the control of urban pollutant emissions, and people are also paying more attention to the environmental impact of the use of products. Therefore, the electric automobile obtains the inclination of policies and the pursuit of users, has wide market prospect, and also drives the development of supporting facilities such as charging piles and the like.
Although lithium batteries have advanced much more than the 18 th century original batteries, existing electric vehicles are still largely limited by the energy density and capacity of the batteries. Especially for the group needing long-distance travel or long-time driving, the defects of limited endurance mileage of the electric vehicle, long time consumption of one-time charging and the like are all important reasons for enabling the part of customer groups to keep an observation attitude on the electric vehicle. Under the realistic condition of limited battery capacity, whether the electric automobile can provide convenient and efficient use experience for customers depends on whether charging supporting facilities are complete or not to a great extent. A perfect electric automobile charging (station) pile site selection evaluation method can enable site selection designers to fully consider all aspects of factors in the initial stage of construction or modification, reasonably plan and configure charging stations, improve the use convenience of electric automobiles under the condition of limited cost, facilitate the popularization and application of electric automobiles, and avoid negative effects caused by the fact that the site selection designers consider carelessly during design.
Most of the factors mainly considered in the currently common electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method include the linear distance between a trip demand point and a charging station configuration place, the total demand of the trip demand point and the construction cost of the charging station, and the following problems exist in the way:
(1) the development degree of different areas in a city is different, the characteristics of the living population are different, the acceptance level and the demand of different populations on new things such as electric vehicles are different, and the ratio of the electric vehicles in the area in the total vehicle possession of the area is influenced. The site selection of the electric vehicle charging station is evaluated only from the perspective of the total travel demand.
(2) The topographic features and road network distribution of different areas in a city are greatly different, for example, mountains and lakes and the like can greatly influence the actual driving route. Therefore, the straight-line distance between the travel demand point and the charging station configuration place cannot really reflect the convenience degree of the user for going from the demand point to the planned charging station.
(3) The road conditions of different areas in a city are different, and the congestion characteristics in a city road network are ignored in the evaluation mode, so that the situation that the charging station is selected to the traffic is complex, and the areas which are easy to jam are gathered, so that some drivers who do not need to go to the area for charging, the traffic jam is easier to occur, and the whole smoothness of a city traffic system is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on a characteristic reachable circle. According to the invention, the urban regional characteristics are analyzed, the track information of the floating car is combined, the actual service area of each site selection place is obtained according to the actual road conditions and the regional crowd characteristics, and the coverage area of the site selection of the electric vehicle charging station can be visually analyzed; factors such as road smoothness degree of a road network around the site selection site, crowd requirements, construction cost and coverage demand are comprehensively considered, actual utility of the site selection scheme is scientifically reflected, and negative effects such as traffic jam and the like caused by incomplete consideration of site selection evaluation of the charging station are reduced or avoided.
According to the method, the city is divided into areas based on city point of interest (POI) data, and charging demand coefficients of different areas are obtained through investigation; the method comprises the steps of calculating the driving travel time length and the road section passing time of people in different areas based on actual vehicle Global Positioning System (GPS) data records, calculating the characteristic travel time of travelers in the area where a charging station site selection place is located and the corresponding characteristic reachable circle radius of the charging station site selection place on the basis, further obtaining the total demand quantity which can be covered by an electric vehicle charging station site selection scheme, the coverage efficiency of unit cost and the total time length of user detour, and accordingly evaluating the electric vehicle charging station site selection scheme. The method evaluates the rationality of the site selection scheme by applying traffic data and combining local road conditions while the heterogeneity of people in different areas of the city.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on a characteristic reachable circle comprises the following steps:
step A: dividing the urban area and acquiring the demand coefficient of the area;
and B: extracting charging demand points of travelers and acquiring corresponding demand;
and C: calculating the characteristic reachable circle of the site of the charging station and the covered demand;
step D: and evaluating the site selection scheme of the electric vehicle charging station.
As a further description of the present solution, the specific process of obtaining the demand coefficient of the area in step a is as follows: acquiring a city POI point and carrying out data cleaning; carrying out clustering analysis on the POI points on the basis to obtain urban area division; surveying purchasing and using willingness of the electric automobile aiming at each region, and calculating a region demand coefficient; the cluster analysis is carried out by adopting a K-Means or DBSCAN method.
As a further description of the present solution, the specific process of step B is as follows:
step B1: matching the GPS track information of the floating car with the local road section, and cleaning an abnormal track;
step B2: and acquiring geographic information of the charging demand points, carrying out gridding aggregation, and acquiring corresponding charging demand.
The specific process of step B1 is as follows: matching the GPS position point in each floating car GPS track information with road section information by combining the local road network structure data; deleting abnormal tracks which obviously deviate from local road sections and abnormal tracks with too short travel time; converting the remaining normal GPS tracks into a sequence format of a path road section number, the time of entering the road section and the time of leaving the road section;
the specific way of performing the meshing aggregation with the traveler destination as the charging demand point in step B2 is as follows: acquiring a termination point of each track in the floating car tracks after cleaning and conversion in the step B1; dividing the urban area into grids with a certain length and width, and determining each grid by combining the urban area division and the area demand coefficient obtained in the step A
Location area and corresponding demand factor
(ii) a Aggregating the track end points in the same grid, taking the coordinates of the center points of the grid as the representative coordinates of the grid, and counting the coordinates in each grid
Total demand of
(ii) a Each grid is divided into
Is correspondingly converted into a charging demand point
Correspondingly calculating the charging demand of the electric vehicle at the charging demand point c
As shown in formula (1):
in the formula (1), the reaction mixture is,
is a grid
C is the charging demand point corresponding to grid j,
the electric vehicle charging demand at the charging demand point c.
As a further description of the present solution, the specific process of step C is as follows:
step C1: selecting a specific time interval, and calculating the average time required for the vehicle to drive through the road section in the time interval for each road section;
step C2: establishing a road network;
step C3: matching the site selection location of the charging station with the road network node;
step C4: calculating characteristic time corresponding to the site selection location of the charging station;
step C5: calculating the characteristic reachable circle radius of the site of the charging station;
step C6: and calculating the total charging demand which can be covered by the reachable circle of the characteristics of the site selection location corresponding to the site selection scheme of the charging station.
Step C1 toolThe method comprises the following steps: selecting a specific time interval by combining with the urban characteristics, and screening the vehicle track moving in the time interval from the track data in the road section information format obtained in the step B1; aggregating the screened vehicle tracks by using the road section numbers to obtain activity records of all vehicles in a certain road section in the time interval, wherein the activity records comprise the time of entering the road section and the time of leaving the road section; calculating the time difference between entering and leaving the road section for all activity records
And averaging to obtain the average time required by the vehicle to drive through the road section in the time interval
As shown in formula (2):
and N in the formula (2) is the track number of the route section in the time interval.
The step C2 is specifically performed as follows: taking the connection point of two or more road sections as a node, taking the road section as a connection edge, and taking the average driving time corresponding to the road section calculated in the step C1 as the weight of the corresponding connection edge, so as to establish a directed network capable of corresponding to the real road network structure; the node information comprises the number of the node, corresponding longitude and latitude information and a road section number connected with the node, and the connection side information comprises the number of the node, a connection side weight corresponding to the average running time of the node and a network node number corresponding to the starting point and the ending point of the node;
step C3 is embodied as follows: the straight-line distances between all the nodes in the road network established in step C2 and the charging station site location are calculated, and the road network node closest to the charging station site location is selected as the matching point of the charging station site location.
As a further description of the present solution, step C4 is specifically performed as follows: combining the road sections obtained in the step B1 for the city areas divided in the step ATrack data in information format for each city areaaScreening out the trajectory of the endpoint in the area
And calculate each trajectory
Difference in initial termination time of
To find out the areaaAverage travel time of the traveler
As in formula (3):
n in the formula (3) is the number of tracks going to the area and is obtained by calculation
Referred to as the characteristic travel time of the region;
setting the ratio of the allowable charging detour time to the effective travel time of the urban population as
For each charging station site
Judging which city area is divided in the step A, and calculating the characteristic duration of the site selection location; if the site selection location i belongs to the city area a, the characteristic time length of the corresponding characteristic reachable circle
As shown in formula (4):
step C5 is embodied as follows: traversing and calculating the driving time from other nodes of the road network to the matching point of the site selection point of the charging station obtained in the step C3 by using a network shortest path method; screening road network nodes with the driving time length of the matching point within the characteristic time length of the corresponding site selection location, respectively calculating the straight line distance from the road network nodes to the corresponding site selection location, and taking the average straight line distance as the characteristic reachable circle radius of the site selection location of the charging station;
step C6 is embodied as follows: traversing and calculating the distance from the site selection position in the site selection scheme to the charging demand point obtained in the step B; screening charging demand points when the driving time length of the site selection location is within the characteristic time length of the site selection location, and marking the part of the charging demand points as covered charging demand points; and C, combining the corresponding demand quantities of the charging demand points obtained in the step B, summing the corresponding demand quantities of all covered charging demand points to obtain the total charging demand quantity capable of being covered
。
As a further description of the present solution, the specific process of step D is as follows:
step D1: calculating the cost of the site selection scheme;
step D2: calculating the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme;
step D3: calculating the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme;
step D4: and calculating the evaluation score of the addressing scheme.
Step D1, according to the land price of the corresponding block of the city, corresponding to the site selection location of each charging station in the site selection scheme respectivelyjCalculating the land cost of the selected site
Summing to obtain the total land cost of the site selection scheme; according to the construction cost of the city local area, the site selection place of each charging station in the site selection scheme is respectively correspondediCalculating the addressConstruction cost of a site
Summing to obtain the total construction cost of the site selection scheme; summing the total land cost and the total construction cost to obtain the total cost of the site selection scheme
As shown in formula (5):
step D2 is to obtain the total demand amount that can be covered by the addressing scheme obtained in step C
And the total cost of the addressing scheme obtained in step D1
To obtain the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme
As in formula (6):
the step D3 specifically includes the following steps: for the charging demand points marked as covered in the step C6, using the shortest network method, the required time from the point to the matching point of the address selection points of all the charging stations is calculated in the road network established in the step C2, and the minimum is taken as the corresponding demand point
Charging detour time of
(ii) a Combining the charging demand point obtained in step B2
Electric vehicle charging demand
Obtaining the total detour time of the demander on the demand point
As in formula (7):
summing the total detour time of the demanders on all demand points to obtain the total detour time of the charging demanders under the addressing scheme
As in formula (8):
the step D4 specifically includes the following steps: based on weight determination methods such as an expert scoring method and an analytic hierarchy process, the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme is improved
And the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme
Are entitled with the weights respectively
、
Calculating to obtain the evaluation score of the site selection scheme
As in formula (9):
in the formula (9), S is an evaluation score.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the present invention proposes an effective solution to the above problems. According to the method, a city is divided into areas based on regional characteristics embodied by city POI data, and the running speed of vehicles on a road section, the charging demand point and the demand of a driver and the characteristic travel time of regional crowds are acquired by combining crowd characteristic survey, road network topological structure and floating car track data. On the basis, the characteristic charging detour time (hereinafter referred to as the characteristic time) is obtained according to the local condition selection rate, the arrival circle of the site selection point of the charging station in the characteristic time is calculated, the demand amount which can be covered by the site selection scheme and the charging detour time of the user under the condition are further calculated, and therefore the site selection scheme of the charging station is evaluated. The electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle solves the limitations that the actual road conditions of urban roads are ignored, the characteristics of regional crowds are ignored and the like in the conventional charging station site selection evaluation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the comprehensiveness: most of common charging station site selection evaluation methods are based on the assumption that the crowd characteristics and road condition characteristics of urban areas are equal, the effectiveness of site selection planning of a charging station is evaluated by considering the linear distance between a site of site selection of the charging station and a demand point, and the influence of the regional characteristics and road condition of a road network on the service range of the charging station is ignored. The invention comprehensively considers the road traffic conditions of different road sections and the travel characteristics of people in different areas, and calculates the reachable circle of the site selection point of the charging station in the characteristic time range based on the actual data, so that the assessment of the site selection scheme is more scientific and effective.
Intuition: the charging station site selection method takes the reachable circle of the characteristic of the charging station alternative points obtained based on the actual traffic data calculation as the effective coverage range of the site selection place of the charging station, so that a decision maker can more intuitively and clearly understand the traffic state and the crowd characteristics near the site selection place of the charging station, the coverage efficiency of the current site selection scheme is effectively embodied, the iterative update of the site selection scheme is facilitated, and the more scientific and efficient site selection scheme of the charging station is obtained.
The application is wide: the charging station site selection evaluation method designed by the invention can be applied to site selection evaluation of charging stations in different application backgrounds such as multiple cities, multiple road structures, multiple charging modes and the like, can reflect the distribution characteristics and crowd characteristics of different city regions, and has wide applicability;
in conclusion, the electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle can enable the electric vehicle site selection evaluation to be more reasonable and effective, reduce the influence on an urban road network and inconvenience for electric vehicle users caused by improper site selection, and further indirectly promote the popularization and application of electric vehicles; the method of the invention is scientific, has good manufacturability and has wide popularization and application value.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following technical solutions.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the method of the present invention is described by taking location evaluation of an electric vehicle charging station in a small city a as an example. Specifically, the time span covered by the floating car track data is all working days and rest days of a certain month in a certain year; the urban charging station site selection scheme needs to be evaluated and analyzed according to road conditions and urban area characteristics, and the steps are shown in fig. 1.
Step A: dividing the urban area and acquiring the demand coefficient of the area;
and B: extracting charging demand points of travelers and acquiring corresponding demand;
and C: calculating the characteristic reachable circle of the site of the charging station and the covered demand;
step D: evaluating an electric vehicle charging station site selection scheme;
the step a of dividing the urban area and obtaining the demand coefficient of the area has the following specific meanings: acquiring a city POI point and carrying out data cleaning; on the basis, carrying out clustering analysis on POI points to obtain urban area division; surveying purchasing and using willingness of the electric automobile aiming at each region; and calculating the area demand coefficient. Common clustering analysis methods mainly include algorithms such as K-Means and DBSCAN, which are known technologies and are not described herein. Here, the DBSCAN algorithm is taken as an example of the clustering method, and includes the following four steps:
step A1: acquiring a city POI point and carrying out data cleaning;
step A2: carrying out clustering analysis on the POI points to obtain urban area division;
step A3: surveying purchasing and using willingness of the electric automobile aiming at each region;
step A4: calculating a region demand coefficient;
the method for acquiring the urban POI points and performing data cleaning in the step A1 comprises the following specific steps: searching for a service provider capable of providing POI information of the researched city; obtaining data by a data interface provided by a service provider or directly obtaining entity data; deleting records obviously exceeding the city range in the obtained city POI points; and deleting repeated or information-missing data records in the acquired urban POI points.
In step a2, "performing cluster analysis on POI points to obtain city region partitions", the DBSCAN is taken as an example of a clustering algorithm, and the specific implementation is as follows: acquiring the cleaned city POI data through the step A1; determining input parameters of a DBSCAN algorithm, namely the neighborhood radius and the minimum point number of a forming area; inputting the parameters and the data into a DBSCAN model to obtain a clustering result; and selecting a POI point set with a better clustering effect, and calculating a convex hull corresponding to the point set by using a Graham scanning method to obtain a region boundary containing the point set. Wherein, the specific meaning of "determining input parameters of the DBSCAN algorithm, that is, the neighborhood radius and the minimum point number of the forming area", is as follows: based on the condition that the city A is taken as a small city, taking 1 kilometer as an initial neighborhood radius and taking 10 as the minimum point number of a forming area; clustering by using the parameters and drawing to show clustering results; and adjusting the values of the parameters according to the advantages and disadvantages of the clustering result until the number and the size of the obtained areas are in a proper range.
In step a3, "survey of purchase and use will of electric vehicle for each area" specifically includes the following steps: designing an anonymous questionnaire to collect purchasing and using willingness of the electric automobile of the person to be investigated; for each of the areas obtained in step a2, 10 sites were randomly selected for placement and collection of 2000 total questionnaires, and if 10 areas were divided in step a2, 20000 total questionnaires were placed in the city.
The "calculating the area requirement coefficient" in step a4 specifically includes the following steps: and C, processing and counting the questionnaire collected in the step A3, discarding invalid questionnaires with missing information, and counting to obtain the ratio of the people who wish to use the electric vehicle in the region or use the electric vehicle as the demand coefficient of the region.
Wherein, the step B of "extracting a traveler charging demand point and obtaining a corresponding demand", has the specific meanings of: and cleaning the obtained floating car GPS track information and converting the obtained floating car GPS track information into a road section information format, and obtaining geographic information of the charging demand points and carrying out gridding polymerization. The step B comprises the following two steps:
step B1: matching the GPS track information of the floating car with the local road section, and cleaning an abnormal track;
step B2: acquiring geographic information of a charging demand point and carrying out gridding aggregation;
wherein, the step B1, namely matching the GPS track information of the floating car with the local road section and cleaning the abnormal track, comprises the following steps: matching the GPS position point in each floating car GPS track information with road section information by combining the local road network structure data; deleting abnormal tracks which are obviously deviated from local road sections and abnormal tracks with too short travel time (shorter than 10 minutes); and converting the remaining normal GPS tracks into a sequence format of the road section number, the time of entering the road section and the time of leaving the road section. The common methods for matching the GPS location point with the road section include location point matching algorithm, which is a known technique and is not described herein.
In step B2, "obtaining geographic information of a charging demand point and performing grid aggregation", taking the destination of a traveler as the charging demand point as an example, the specific method is as follows: acquiring a termination point of each track in the floating car tracks after cleaning and conversion in the step B1; and B, determining each grid by taking 2 kilometers as the length of the urban area and 2 kilometers as the width of the grid, and combining the urban area division and the area demand coefficient obtained in the step A
Location area and corresponding demand factor
(ii) a Aggregating the track end points in the same grid, taking the coordinates of the center points of the grid as the representative coordinates of the grid, and counting the coordinates in each grid
Total demand of
(ii) a Calculating to obtain the charging demand point
Electric vehicle charging demand
：
In the formula (1), the reaction mixture is,
is a grid
C is the grid
The corresponding point of the demand for charging is,
the electric vehicle charging demand at the charging demand point c.
Wherein, the step C of calculating the characteristic reachable circle of the location of the charging station and the amount of demand that can be covered means: for each road section, calculating the average time required by the vehicle to drive through the road section in a specific time interval; establishing a road network; matching the site of the charging station with the road network node; calculating characteristic time and characteristic reachable circle radius corresponding to the site selection location of the charging station; and calculating the total demand amount which can be covered by the site selection scheme. Step C comprises the following six steps:
step C1: selecting a specific time interval, and calculating the average time required for the vehicle to drive through the road section in the time interval for each road section;
step C2: establishing a road network;
step C3: matching the site selection location of the charging station with the road network node;
step C4: calculating characteristic time corresponding to the site selection location of the charging station;
step C5: calculating the characteristic reachable circle radius of the site of the charging station;
step C6: calculating the total charging demand that the site selection site characteristic reachable circle corresponding to the charging station site selection scheme can cover;
in step C1, the specific method for "selecting a specific time interval and calculating the average time required for the vehicle to travel through the road segment in the time interval" for each road segment is as follows: selecting a specific time interval in combination with the city characteristics, and screening the track data in the road section information format obtained in the step B1 at the timeVehicle trajectories active within the interval. And aggregating the screened vehicle tracks by using the road section numbers to obtain the activity records of all vehicles in a certain road section in the time interval, wherein the activity records comprise the time of entering the road section and the time of leaving the road section. Calculating the time difference between entering and leaving the road section for all activity records
And averaging to obtain the average time required by the vehicle to drive through the road section in the time interval
As shown in formula (2):
and N in the formula (2) is the track number of the route section in the time interval.
Wherein, the step C2 describes "establishing a road network", which specifically includes the following steps: and C1, establishing a directed network capable of corresponding to the real road network structure by using the connection point of two or more road segments as a node, the road segments as a connecting edge and the average driving time corresponding to the road segments calculated in the step C1 as the weight of the corresponding connecting edge. The node information comprises the number of the node, corresponding longitude and latitude information and a road section number connected with the node, and the connecting side information comprises the number of the node, a connecting side weight corresponding to the average running time of the node and a network node number corresponding to the starting point and the ending point of the node.
The step C3 of "matching the charging station location and the road network node" is implemented as follows: the straight-line distances between all the nodes in the road network established in step C2 and the charging station site location are calculated, and the road network node closest to the charging station site location is selected as the matching point of the charging station site location.
Step C4, calculating the characteristic time length corresponding to the location of the charging station, by taking the charging demand point as the destination of the traveler as an example, the specific method is as follows: aiming at the stepCombining the urban area divided in the step A with the track data in the road section information format obtained in the step B1, and aiming at each urban areaaScreening out the trajectory of the endpoint in the area
And calculate each trajectory
Difference in initial termination time of
To find out the areaaAverage travel time of the traveler
As in formula (3):
n in the formula (3) is the number of tracks going to the area and is obtained by calculation
Referred to as the characteristic travel time of the region;
setting the ratio of the allowable charging detour time to the effective travel time of the urban population as
For each charging station site
Judging which city area is divided in the step A, and calculating the characteristic duration of the site selection location; if the location is selected
Belonging to urban areasaThen its corresponding feature can reach the feature duration of the circle
As shown in formula (4):
in step C5, the specific implementation of the "calculating the characteristic reachable circle radius of the address location of the charging station" is as follows: traversing and calculating the running time from other nodes of the road network to the matching point of the site selection point of the charging station obtained in the step C3 by using a Dijkstra method; and screening road network nodes with the driving time length of the matching point within the characteristic time length of the corresponding site selection point, respectively calculating the straight line distance from the road network nodes to the corresponding site selection point, and taking the average straight line distance as the characteristic reachable circle radius of the site selection point of the charging station.
In step C6, the specific implementation of the method for calculating the total charging demand that can be covered by the reachable circle of the characteristic of the address location corresponding to the address selection scheme of the charging station is as follows: traversing and calculating the distance from the site selection position in the site selection scheme to the charging demand point obtained in the step B; and screening the charging demand points when the driving time length of the site selection point is within the characteristic time length of the site selection point, and marking the part of the charging demand points as covered charging demand points. And C, combining the corresponding demand quantities of the charging demand points obtained in the step B, summing the corresponding demand quantities of all covered charging demand points to obtain the total charging demand quantity capable of being covered
。
Wherein, the step D of evaluating the site selection scheme of the electric vehicle charging station has the specific meanings as follows: calculating the cost of the site selection scheme according to the local land price and the construction cost; calculating the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme; calculating the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme; and weighting the factors based on city practice to obtain an evaluation score of the site selection scheme. The step D comprises the following four steps:
step D1: calculating the cost of the site selection scheme;
step D2: calculating the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme;
step D3: calculating the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme;
step D4: calculating an evaluation score of the site selection scheme;
wherein, the step D1 describes "calculating the cost of the addressing scheme", which specifically includes the following steps: according to the land price of the corresponding block of the city, the site selection place of each charging station in the site selection scheme is respectively correspondediCalculating the land cost of the selected site
Summing to obtain the total land cost of the site selection scheme to select the siteiPlanning to occupy 100 square meters of land, taking the land cost of the site as 10000 Yuan/square meter as an example, the site selection site corresponds to
100000 yuan; according to the construction cost of the city local area, the site selection place of each charging station in the site selection scheme is respectively correspondediCalculating the construction cost of the site selection site
Summing to obtain the total construction cost of the site selection scheme; summing the total land cost and the total construction cost to obtain the total cost of the site selection scheme
：
Wherein, the step D2, which is to calculate the coverage requirement efficiency of the addressing scheme, specifically includes the following steps: according to the total demand quantity which can be covered by the addressing scheme obtained in the step C
And the total cost of the addressing scheme obtained in step D1
To obtain the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme
：
In step D3, "calculate the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme," specifically: for the charging demand points marked as covered in the step C6, using the shortest network method, the required time from the point to the matching point of the address selection points of all the charging stations is calculated in the road network established in the step C2, and the minimum is taken as the corresponding demand point
Charging detour time of
(ii) a Combining the charging demand point obtained in step B2
Electric vehicle charging demand
Obtaining the total detour time of the demander on the demand point
As in formula (7):
summing the total detour time of the demanders on all demand points to obtain the total detour time of the charging demanders under the addressing scheme
As in formula (8):
wherein, the step D4 of "calculating the evaluation score of the addressing scheme" includes the following specific steps: coverage demand efficiency based on weight determination methods such as expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process
And the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme
Are entitled with the weights respectively
、
Is provided with
、
Calculating to obtain the evaluation score of the site selection scheme
：
The present embodiment is not described in detail and is well known in the art. The embodiment 1 is only a part of the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on a characteristic reachable circle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: dividing the urban area and acquiring the demand coefficient of the area;
and B: extracting charging demand points of travelers and acquiring corresponding demand;
and C: calculating the characteristic reachable circle of the site of the charging station and the covered demand;
step D: and evaluating the site selection scheme of the electric vehicle charging station.
2. The electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of obtaining the demand coefficient of the area in step a is as follows: acquiring a city POI point and carrying out data cleaning; carrying out clustering analysis on the POI points on the basis to obtain urban area division; surveying purchasing and using willingness of the electric automobile aiming at each region, and calculating a region demand coefficient; the cluster analysis is carried out by adopting a K-Means or DBSCAN method.
3. The electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step B is as follows:
step B1: matching the GPS track information of the floating car with the local road section, and cleaning an abnormal track;
step B2: and acquiring geographic information of the charging demand points, carrying out gridding aggregation, and acquiring corresponding charging demand.
4. The feature reachable circle-based electric vehicle charging station location assessment method according to claim 3, wherein the step B1 comprises the following steps: matching the GPS position point in each floating car GPS track information with road section information by combining the local road network structure data; deleting abnormal tracks which obviously deviate from local road sections and abnormal tracks with too short travel time; converting the remaining normal GPS tracks into a sequence format of a path road section number, the time of entering the road section and the time of leaving the road section;
the specific way of performing the meshing aggregation with the traveler destination as the charging demand point in step B2 is as follows: acquiring a termination point of each track in the floating car tracks after cleaning and conversion in the step B1; dividing the urban area into grids with a certain length and width, and determining each grid by combining the urban area division and the area demand coefficient obtained in the step A
Location area and corresponding demand factor
(ii) a Aggregating the track end points in the same grid, taking the coordinates of the center points of the grid as the representative coordinates of the grid, and counting the coordinates in each grid
Total demand of
(ii) a Each grid is divided into
Correspondingly converting the charging demand into a charging demand point c, and correspondingly calculating the charging demand of the electric vehicle at the charging demand point c
As shown in formula (1):
in the formula (1), the reaction mixture is,
is a grid
C is the grid
The corresponding point of the demand for charging is,
the electric vehicle charging demand at the charging demand point c.
5. The electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the specific process of the step C is as follows:
step C1: selecting a specific time interval, and calculating the average time required for the vehicle to drive through the road section in the time interval for each road section;
step C2: establishing a road network;
step C3: matching the site selection location of the charging station with the road network node;
step C4: calculating characteristic time corresponding to the site selection location of the charging station;
step C5: calculating the characteristic reachable circle radius of the site of the charging station;
step C6: and calculating the total charging demand which can be covered by the reachable circle of the characteristics of the site selection location corresponding to the site selection scheme of the charging station.
6. The feature reachable circle-based electric vehicle charging station location assessment method of claim 5, wherein step C1 is implemented as follows: selecting a specific time interval by combining with the urban characteristics, and screening the vehicle track moving in the time interval from the track data in the road section information format obtained in the step B1; aggregating the screened vehicle tracks by using the road section numbers to obtain the activity records of all vehicles in a certain road section in the time interval, wherein the activity records comprise the time of entering the road section and the time of leaving the road sectionThe time to open the road segment; calculating the time difference between entering and leaving the road section for all activity records
And averaging to obtain the average time required by the vehicle to drive through the road section in the time interval
As shown in formula (2):
and N in the formula (2) is the track number of the route section in the time interval.
7. The feature reachable circle-based electric vehicle charging station location assessment method of claim 6, wherein step C2 is implemented as follows: taking the connection point of two or more road sections as a node, taking the road section as a connection edge, and taking the average driving time corresponding to the road section calculated in the step C1 as the weight of the corresponding connection edge, so as to establish a directed network capable of corresponding to the real road network structure; the node information comprises the number of the node, corresponding longitude and latitude information and a road section number connected with the node, and the connection side information comprises the number of the node, a connection side weight corresponding to the average running time of the node and a network node number corresponding to the starting point and the ending point of the node;
step C3 is embodied as follows: the straight-line distances between all the nodes in the road network established in step C2 and the charging station site location are calculated, and the road network node closest to the charging station site location is selected as the matching point of the charging station site location.
8. The feature reachable circle-based electric vehicle charging station location assessment method of claim 5, wherein step C4 is implemented as follows: aiming at the urban area divided in the step A, combining the track data in the road section information format obtained in the step B1, and aiming at each urban areaaScreening out the trajectory of the endpoint in the area
And calculate each trajectory
Difference in initial termination time of
To find out the areaaAverage travel time of the traveler
As in formula (3):
n in the formula (3) is the number of tracks going to the area and is obtained by calculation
Referred to as the characteristic travel time of the region;
setting the ratio of the allowable charging detour time to the effective travel time of the urban population as
For each charging station site
Judging which city area is divided in the step A, and calculating the characteristic duration of the site selection location; if the location is selected
Belonging to urban areasaThen its corresponding feature can reach the feature duration of the circle
As shown in formula (4):
step C5 is embodied as follows: traversing and calculating the driving time from other nodes of the road network to the matching point of the site selection point of the charging station obtained in the step C3 by using a network shortest path method; screening road network nodes with the driving time length of the matching point within the characteristic time length of the corresponding site selection location, respectively calculating the straight line distance from the road network nodes to the corresponding site selection location, and taking the average straight line distance as the characteristic reachable circle radius of the site selection location of the charging station;
step C6 is embodied as follows: traversing and calculating the distance from the site selection position in the site selection scheme to the charging demand point obtained in the step B; screening charging demand points when the driving time length of the site selection location is within the characteristic time length of the site selection location, and marking the part of the charging demand points as covered charging demand points; and C, combining the corresponding demand quantities of the charging demand points obtained in the step B, summing the corresponding demand quantities of all covered charging demand points to obtain the total charging demand quantity capable of being covered
。
9. The electric vehicle charging station site selection evaluation method based on the characteristic reachable circle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the specific process of step D is as follows:
step D1: calculating the cost of the site selection scheme;
step D2: calculating the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme;
step D3: calculating the total detour time of the charging demander under the addressing scheme;
step D4: and calculating the evaluation score of the addressing scheme.
10. The electric vehicle charging station site selection assessment method based on the feature reachable circle of claim 9, which isIs characterized in that the step D1 is respectively corresponding to the site selection place of each charging station in the site selection scheme according to the land price of the corresponding block of the cityiCalculating the land cost of the selected site
Summing to obtain the total land cost of the site selection scheme; according to the construction cost of the city local area, the site selection place of each charging station in the site selection scheme is respectively correspondediCalculating the construction cost of the site selection site
Summing to obtain the total construction cost of the site selection scheme; summing the total land cost and the total construction cost to obtain the total cost of the site selection scheme
As shown in formula (5):
step D2 is to obtain the total demand amount that can be covered by the addressing scheme obtained in step C
And the total cost of the addressing scheme obtained in step D1
To obtain the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme
As in formula (6):
the step D3 specifically includes the following steps: for the charging demand points marked covered in step C6, the shortest path of the network is usedThe method, in the road network established in step C2, traverse and calculate the required time from the point matching to all the charging stations, and use the minimum one as the corresponding demand point
Charging detour time of
(ii) a Combining the charging demand point obtained in step B2
Electric vehicle charging demand
Obtaining the total detour time of the demander on the demand point
As in formula (7):
summing the total detour time of the demanders on all demand points to obtain the total detour time of the charging demanders under the addressing scheme
As in formula (8):
the step D4 specifically includes the following steps: based on weight determination methods such as an expert scoring method and an analytic hierarchy process, the coverage demand efficiency of the site selection scheme is improved
And the site selection methodTotal detour time of charging demanders under case
Are entitled with the weights respectively
、
Calculating to obtain the evaluation score of the site selection scheme
As in formula (9):
in the formula (9), S is an evaluation score.
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