CN111679319A - Identification method for surface parameters adapting to TBM rapid tunneling - Google Patents
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- CN111679319A CN111679319A CN202010552845.7A CN202010552845A CN111679319A CN 111679319 A CN111679319 A CN 111679319A CN 202010552845 A CN202010552845 A CN 202010552845A CN 111679319 A CN111679319 A CN 111679319A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/12—Signal generation
- G01V2210/129—Source location
- G01V2210/1299—Subsurface, e.g. in borehole or below weathering layer or mud line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/14—Signal detection
- G01V2210/142—Receiver location
- G01V2210/1429—Subsurface, e.g. in borehole or below weathering layer or mud line
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention provides a method for identifying surface parameters suitable for TBM rapid tunneling, which comprises the following steps: s1, arranging a plurality of directional placement holes in the ground surface according to a set distance, wherein a vibration sensor is arranged in each directional placement hole; s2, a TBM tunneling machine is arranged to tunnel in a tunnel with a set burial depth below the directional placement hole, and a real-time tunneling position is transmitted to a vibration analysis module; s3, collecting an elastic wave signal and vibration parameters thereof generated by cutting rocks by a TBM cutter head of the TBM tunneling machine through a vibration sensor, and transmitting the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameters thereof to a vibration analysis module; and S4, the vibration analysis module reversely calculates the elastic wave propagation process according to the elastic wave signal vibration parameters, deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the elastic wave propagation process, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering detection, and particularly relates to a method for identifying surface parameters suitable for TBM rapid tunneling.
Background
At present, when the length-diameter ratio of a tunnel exceeds 600-1000 in geological construction, a TBM tunneling machine is generally adopted for construction, and the TBM construction method has the advantages of high tunneling speed, safe construction environment, good tunneling quality and the like. However, compared with the construction by the drilling and blasting method, the TBM construction method has poor adaptability, and accidents such as water burst, mud burst, collapse and the like can be met, so that the heading machine is shut down, the construction progress is delayed, and even casualties are brought. In order to solve the problem, an advance forecasting system is generally carried in the tunnel, and the method mainly used comprises a seismic wave method, a resistance method and an infrared water detection method. Before the heading machine tunnels to a bad geologic body, the advanced geological prediction method can identify the bad geologic body, so that TBM heading parameters are adjusted, and reinforcement measures are taken in advance.
The advanced geological prevention method can detect most of bad geological bodies and is widely applied to actual engineering, but the monitoring range in the TBM tunneling machine is too small, the range of setting a detection point and a shot point in a tunnel is small, the position needs to be changed continuously, and the operation in the tunnel is difficult.
Therefore, it is very necessary to provide a method for identifying surface parameters suitable for rapid excavation of a TBM, aiming at the above defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that the TBM construction method in the prior art is poor in adaptability, an over-period forecasting system is required to be built due to possible accidents, but the monitoring range in the existing TBM heading machine is too small, and the operation in a tunnel is difficult, the invention provides the method for identifying the surface parameters of the rapid heading machine suitable for the TBM, so as to solve the technical problems.
The invention provides a method for identifying surface parameters suitable for TBM rapid tunneling, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of directional placement holes in the ground surface according to a set distance, wherein a vibration sensor is arranged in each directional placement hole;
s2, a TBM tunneling machine is arranged to tunnel in a tunnel with a set burial depth below the directional placement hole, and a real-time tunneling position is transmitted to a vibration analysis module;
s3, collecting an elastic wave signal and vibration parameters thereof generated by cutting rocks by a TBM cutter head of the TBM tunneling machine through a vibration sensor, and transmitting the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameters thereof to a vibration analysis module;
and S4, the vibration analysis module reversely calculates the elastic wave propagation process according to the elastic wave signal vibration parameters, deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the elastic wave propagation process, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
Further, the set distance between the adjacent directional disposition holes in step S1 takes 1-3 m.
Further, the set burial depth is 4 to 50m in step S2.
Further, in step S1, the directional seating holes are disposed on a straight line parallel to and directly above the tunnel axis.
Further, in step S3, the vibration sensor employs a three-component detector to collect P-waves, SH-waves and SV-waves generated by the TBM cutter cutting rock. The wave can be divided into transverse wave S wave and longitudinal wave P wave, and the wave with the particle vibration direction same as the propagation direction is the longitudinal wave; the wave in which the particle vibration direction is perpendicular to the propagation direction is called transverse wave; a wave in which particle vibration occurs in a plane perpendicular to a wave propagation plane is an SV wave, and a wave in which particle vibration occurs in a plane parallel to the wave propagation plane is an SH wave.
Further, in step S3, after the vibration sensor filters the interference information on the elastic wave signal, the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameters thereof are transmitted to the vibration analysis module. The disturbance information includes disturbance generated by vibration of the vibration sensor caused by walking of the pedestrian.
Further, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s41, a vibration analysis module cuts data acquired by a vibration sensor, and generates a data set according to the data acquired at set time intervals;
s42, the vibration analysis module acquires the elastic wave waveform of each data set, the position of a directional mounting hole where a vibration sensor is located and the TBM cutter head tunneling position;
s43, cutting the real-time tunneling position of the TBM cutter head to generate a sub seismic source;
the vibration analysis module decomposes the elastic wave waveform into sub-waveforms generated by each sub-seismic source, and then inversely calculates the propagation process of each sub-waveform according to different time of the sub-waveforms generated by the same sub-seismic source reaching the vibration sensor;
and S44, the vibration analysis module deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the relation among the waveform propagation process, the waveform propagation time and the quality grade of the rock mass, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
Further, in step S44, the vibration analysis module infers the quality grade of the rock mass according to the relation between the propagation process of each sub-waveform, the P-wave transmission time and the quality grade of the rock mass.
Further, the set time period in step S41 takes 0.25S.
Further, the step S44 specifically includes the following steps:
s441, the vibration analysis module judges whether the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position is a bad geological body;
if yes, go to step S442;
if not, go to step S443;
s442, outputting a geological prediction map, outputting warning information and ending;
and S443. outputting the prediction graph.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
the method for identifying the parameters of the earth surface suitable for TBM rapid tunneling improves the effect of identifying the bad geological body, and sends out early warning before the TBM tunneling machine encounters the bad geological body, thereby reducing the risk of the TBM tunneling machine encountering the problems of water inrush, blocking and the like; carry out joint inversion through setting up a plurality of vibration sensor, discernment bad geologic body is good, reduces the degree of difficulty of discerning bad geologic body, compares and places more conveniently on ground in placing vibration sensor in the hole, and it is more convenient to change vibration sensor's position.
In addition, the invention has reliable design principle, simple structure and very wide application prospect.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has prominent substantive features and remarkable progress, and the beneficial effects of the implementation are also obvious.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first schematic diagram of the vibration sensor layout and elastic waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the arrangement and elastic waveform of the vibration sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a table of P wave propagation velocity and rock mass basic quality grade;
in the figure, 1-tunnel; 2-tunnel face; 3-elastic wave waveform; 4-zone of bad geology; 5-reflection wave; 6-a vibration sensor; 7-a vibration analysis module; 8-the earth's surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a method for identifying a surface parameter suitable for rapid tunneling of a TBM, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of directional placement holes in the ground surface according to a set distance, wherein a vibration sensor is arranged in each directional placement hole;
s2, a TBM tunneling machine is arranged to tunnel in a tunnel with a set burial depth below the directional placement hole, and a real-time tunneling position is transmitted to a vibration analysis module;
s3, collecting an elastic wave signal and vibration parameters thereof generated by cutting rocks by a TBM cutter head of the TBM tunneling machine through a vibration sensor, and transmitting the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameters thereof to a vibration analysis module;
and S4, the vibration analysis module reversely calculates the elastic wave propagation process according to the elastic wave signal vibration parameters, deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the elastic wave propagation process, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a method for identifying a surface parameter suitable for rapid tunneling of a TBM, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of directional placement holes in the ground surface according to a set distance, wherein a vibration sensor is arranged in each directional placement hole; the set distance between the adjacent directional placement holes is 1-3 m; arranging each directional placing hole on a straight line, wherein the straight line is parallel to the axis of the tunnel and is right above the axis of the tunnel:
s2, a TBM tunneling machine is arranged to tunnel in a tunnel with a set burial depth below the directional placement hole, and a real-time tunneling position is transmitted to a vibration analysis module; setting the buried depth to be 4-50 m;
s3, collecting an elastic wave signal and a vibration parameter thereof generated by cutting rocks by a TBM cutter head of the TBM tunneling machine through a vibration sensor, and transmitting the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameter thereof to a vibration analysis module after interference information is filtered; the vibration sensor adopts a three-component detector and collects P waves, SH waves and SV waves generated by the TBM cutter cutting rock;
s4, the vibration analysis module reversely calculates an elastic wave propagation process according to the elastic wave signal vibration parameters, deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the elastic wave propagation process, and predicts the geological condition of a set distance in front of a real-time tunneling position; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s41, a vibration analysis module cuts data acquired by a vibration sensor, and generates a data set according to the data acquired at set time intervals; setting the time period to take 0.25 s;
s42, the vibration analysis module acquires the elastic wave waveform of each data set, the position of a directional mounting hole where a vibration sensor is located and the TBM cutter head tunneling position;
s43, cutting the real-time tunneling position of the TBM cutter head to generate a sub seismic source;
the vibration analysis module decomposes the elastic wave waveform into sub-waveforms generated by each sub-seismic source, and then inversely calculates the propagation process of each sub-waveform according to different time of the sub-waveforms generated by the same sub-seismic source reaching the vibration sensor;
and S44, the vibration analysis module deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the relation among the sub-waveform propagation process, the P-wave propagation time and the quality grade of the rock mass, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
In the above embodiment 2, the step S44 includes the following steps:
s441, the vibration analysis module judges whether the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position is a bad geological body;
if yes, go to step S442;
if not, go to step S443;
s442, outputting a geological prediction map, outputting warning information and ending;
and S443. outputting the prediction graph.
In step S44, the rock mass grade is inverted by utilizing the relation between the P wave propagation speed and the basic mass of the rock mass according to different arrival times of the waveforms emitted by the same seismic source. Wherein, the relation between the P wave propagation speed and the rock quality index Q is as follows:
p-wave propagation speed versus RMR rating: RMR 14.9668Vp-3.7838；
According to the P wave propagation speed and rock mass basic quality grade table shown in figure 5, the corresponding rock mass quality grade is found.
In embodiment 2 above, step S43 is implemented as follows:
the vibration sensor position versus vibration time is mathematically represented as a basic model:
in the formula: omega is frequency, k is wave vector, t is motion time, r is direction vector, kr wave vector and direction vector inner product,
firstly, the integral change of the calculation time is obtained:
next, the estimated value of the vibration displacement relationship between the position of the vibration sensor and each elastic wave is expressed as:
wherein the weight function takes values:
thirdly, taking the modulus of the left and right vectors of the formula and squaring to obtain:
wherein the values of e and X vectors are as follows:
finishing to obtain:
the sub-waveforms generated by each sub-source can be derived from the above derivation.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying surface parameters suitable for TBM rapid tunneling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of directional placement holes in the ground surface according to a set distance, wherein a vibration sensor is arranged in each directional placement hole;
s2, a TBM tunneling machine is arranged to tunnel in a tunnel with a set burial depth below the directional placement hole, and a real-time tunneling position is transmitted to a vibration analysis module;
s3, collecting an elastic wave signal and vibration parameters thereof generated by cutting rocks by a TBM cutter head of the TBM tunneling machine through a vibration sensor, and transmitting the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameters thereof to a vibration analysis module;
and S4, the vibration analysis module reversely calculates the elastic wave propagation process according to the elastic wave signal vibration parameters, deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the elastic wave propagation process, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
2. The method for identifying the parameters of the rapid tunneling earth surface adaptive to the TBM according to claim 1, wherein the set distance between the adjacent directional placement holes in the step S1 is 1-3 m.
3. The method for identifying the parameters of the rapid tunneling earth surface adaptive to the TBM according to claim 1, wherein the set burial depth is 4-50m in step S2.
4. The method for identifying parameters of a rapid tunneling of an adaptive TBM according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the directional placement holes are arranged on a straight line which is parallel to and directly above the tunnel axis.
5. The method for identifying the parameters of the TBM-adaptive fast tunneling earth surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the vibration sensor adopts a three-component detector to collect the P wave, the SH wave and the SV wave generated by the TBM cutter head cutting the rock.
6. The method for identifying the parameters of the TBM-adaptive fast tunneling earth surface according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S3, after the vibration sensor filters the interference information to the elastic wave signal, the elastic wave signal and the vibration parameters thereof are transmitted to the vibration analysis module.
7. The method for identifying the parameters of the TBM-adaptive fast tunneling ground surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s41, a vibration analysis module cuts data acquired by a vibration sensor, and generates a data set according to the data acquired at set time intervals;
s42, the vibration analysis module acquires the elastic wave waveform of each data set, the position of a directional mounting hole where a vibration sensor is located and the TBM cutter head tunneling position;
s43, cutting the real-time tunneling position of the TBM cutter head to generate a sub seismic source;
the vibration analysis module decomposes the elastic wave waveform into sub-waveforms generated by each sub-seismic source, and then inversely calculates the propagation process of each sub-waveform according to different time of the sub-waveforms generated by the same sub-seismic source reaching the vibration sensor;
and S44, the vibration analysis module deduces the quality grade of the rock mass according to the relation among the waveform propagation process, the waveform propagation time and the quality grade of the rock mass, and predicts the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position.
8. The method for identifying the parameters of the TBM-adaptive fast tunneling earth surface as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S44, the vibration analysis module deduces the quality grade of the earth mass according to the relation among the propagation process of each sub-waveform, the P-wave transmission time and the quality grade of the earth mass.
9. The method for identifying parameters of a rapid tunneling machine (TBM) according to claim 7, wherein the set time period in step S41 is 0.25S.
10. The method for identifying the rapid tunneling surface parameter suitable for the TBM according to claim 7, wherein the step S44 comprises the following steps:
s441, the vibration analysis module judges whether the geological condition of the set distance in front of the real-time tunneling position is a bad geological body;
if yes, go to step S442;
if not, go to step S443;
s442, outputting a geological prediction map, outputting warning information and ending;
and S443. outputting the prediction graph.
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